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Clinical data | |
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AHFS/Drugs.com | Micromedex Detailed Consumer Information |
MedlinePlus | a611020 |
Routes of administration | Oral |
ATC code | |
Pharmacokinetic data | |
Metabolism | CYP2C19 |
Elimination half-life | 7 hours |
Identifiers | |
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CAS Number | |
ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.012 |
Chemical and physical data | |
Formula | C12H14N2O2 |
Molar mass | 218.256 g·mol−1 |
3D model (JSmol) | |
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Mephenytoin (marketed as Mesantoin by Novartis) is a hydantoin, used as an anticonvulsant. It was introduced approximately 10 years after phenytoin, in the late 1940s. The significant metabolite of mephenytoin is nirvanol (5-ethyl-5-phenylhydantoin), which was the first hydantoin (briefly used as a hypnotic). However, nirvanol is quite toxic and mephenytoin was only considered after other less toxic anticonvulsants had failed. It can cause potentially fatal blood dyscrasia in 1% of patients.
Mephenytoin is no longer available in the US or the UK. It is still studied largely because of its interesting hydroxylation polymorphism.
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Transcription
References
- Shorvon SD, Fish DR, Perucca E, Dodson WE, eds. (2004). The Treatment of Epilepsy. Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 0-632-06046-8.
- Resor SR (1991). The Medical Treatment of Epilepsy. Marcel Dekker. ISBN 0-8247-8549-5.
- "Mephenytoin". The Comparative Toxicogenomics Database.