An overbank is an alluvial geological deposit consisting of sediment that has been deposited on the floodplain of a river or stream by flood waters that have broken through or overtopped the banks. The sediment is carried in suspension, and because it is carried outside of the main channel, away from faster flow, the sediment is typically fine-grained. An overbank deposit usually consists primarily of fine sand, silt and clay. Overbank deposits can be beneficial because they refresh valley soils.[1] [2]
Overbank deposits can also be referred to as floodplain deposits. Examples include natural levees and crevasse splays.[3]
YouTube Encyclopedic
-
1/2Views:10 063827
-
Top 10 Reasons: Choose Crest Capital Over Bank Financing
-
Live Trading Floor Price Ladder Execution Over Bank Of England Rate Decisions | Axia Futures
Transcription
Help Me Ronda! Is Crest Capital like a bank? Actually Crest Capital is better than a bank for a certain type of financing Specifically we’re better at Fixed Asset financing -- assets such as equipment, vehicles, and software. There are a number of factors to consider – and there are some very real differences: Difference #1 – SIMPLICITY A bank will require a complete financial package consisting of several years’ business financial statements and tax returns - as well as your personal financial statement and tax returns. Their credit approval process is extensive - looking at many different financial ratios and financial trends of your business and often takes several weeks for a bank to approve or decline you An equipment loan or lease from Crest Capital is generally easier to obtain - we routinely approve up to $150,000 with a one-page application. And our process only takes a couple hours – not days or weeks like a bank. Advantage - Crest Capital (easy approvals) Quick, Easy Approvals! Here: http://www.CrestCapital.com Difference #2 - UPFRONT COST Less Cash out of Your Pocket! with Crest Capital Equipment Leasing and Financing A bank loan usually covers only 80% of the equipment and none of the soft costs -- leaving you with a problem. Where are you going to come up with the other 20-30% cash to put down? Crest Capital provides 100% financing. Even "soft costs" such as sales tax, shipping and installation can usually be included. Your cash reserves are protected. Advantage - Crest Capital (less cash out of your pocket) https://www.crestcapital.com/Primary/Application/OAStep1.aspx Difference #3 - COLLATERAL No Blanket Liens on All of Your Assets! with Crest Capital Lease and Finance A bank will file a blanket lien against all of your assets “NOW… AND HEREAFTER ACQUIRED”… so in essence a bank is cross-collateralized with your kids’ trust accounts, your personal accounts, and everything else in the bank… plus your house, your boat, and any other assets you own. Technically, once you sign that bank loan, you can’t borrow against or even sell those assets without that bank’s specific permission. Crest Capital simply files one UCC Financing Statement on the specific asset we’re financing. You don’t have to ask us for permission to run your business’ finances the way you see fit. Advantage - Crest Capital (no restrictions on you financially) No Blanket Liens on All of Your Assets! Difference #4 - COMPENSATING BALANCE You’re Not Borrowing Your Own Money! http://www.CrestCapital.com The stated interest rate on a bank loan might appear to be lower – but you are required to keep what? 30% of the loan amount in compensating balances in an account at that bank? so the bank is really only lending you 70% of the money -- 30% is your own money! If the bank’s stated interest rate is seven-and-a-half, but you’re required to keep 30% of the loan amount deposited at the bank a computation of the real yield is nearly 19%. Compensating balances not only provide the bank with an inflated rate - it also ties up your most precious asset …Cash. Crest Capital simply finances the equipment we don’t put restrictions on your bank account and we’re not lending you your own money – making Crest Capital quite a bit more cost effective for you. Advantage - Crest Capital (bank’s perceived interest rate isn’t the total cost to you) You’re Not Borrowing Your Own Money! Difference #5 – FINANCIAL STATEMENT COVENANTS: Your bank can demand the money back in tough times! A bank loan contains restrictive financial statement covenants that require your business to maintain a minimum ‘current ratio’ a maximum ‘debt-to-equity ratio’, and ‘no consecutive quarterly losses’. What if your business hits a bad spell?.. Can you afford to repay the loan when the bank suddenly decides to call the loan earlier than end of term? Financing fixed assets with Crest Capital means less red tape and micromanagement of your lease or loan & a whole lot less worry Advantage – Crest Capital (why risk the bank demanding money back in tough times?) Your bank is demanding back in hard times. Difference #6 - PERSERVING CREDIT AVAILABILITY - Save your bank line for the unexpected – good or bad.. www.CrestCapital.com How do you know what opportunities or challenges tomorrow will hold for your business? Crest adds another source of credit, allowing you to preserve your bank borrowing capacity for other needs a fact which is especially important right now. Banks establish a maximum borrowing limit for your business standardized financial statement ratios. The total amount of money that you borrow, whether you borrow from just one bank or several different banks, is applied to that lending limit and therefore reduces your availability of future borrowing from any bank. Considering the fact that the #1 reason a business fails in the U.S. is insufficient capitalization tying up your bank borrowing capacity for equipment acquisitions may very well have an adverse effect on the ability of your business to succeed. Advantage – Crest Capital (stay prepared for the unexpected event – Difference #7 – HIDDEN CHARGES: Banks invent sneaky ways to “fee you to death!” visit: http://www.CrestCapital.com We all know - all to well - that banks find ways to fee us to death. Enough said. With Crest Capital Equipment Finance and Lease, you have no compensating balances, no teller fees, no unexpected closing costs, no annual renewal fees and no blanket liens or other restrictive covenants that banks use to increase customers' cost. What you see is what you get with us.Advantage – Crest Capital (no nuisance fees) Banks invent sneaky ways to “fee you to death! Difference #8 – ACCOUNTING AND TAX Maximize your financial statement - Minimize your taxes: Banks prefer to lend to you on a revolving basis rather than a fixed-term basis. This is very good for the bank and potentially very bad for you, the borrower. If you use revolving credit to finance fixed assets like equipment, vehicles, or software or if your loan has to be renewed annually, and all bank loans do the entire balance of the debt must be accounted for and therefore reported on your financial statements as though it were a CURRENT LIABILITY rather then a LONG TERM DEBT. This can have a disastrous impact on how your balance sheet is interpreted by creditors reviewing your financials. Crest Capital will finance your asset on a fixed-term and only the current portion of the long term debt will be reflected as a Current Liability on your Balance Sheet. Additionally, if your lease or loan is properly structured you minimize both sales taxes and income taxes on your business. Advantage – Crest Capital (maximize your financial statement, minimize your taxes) http://www.CrestCapital.com Difference #9 – RATE ADJUSTMENT: Fixed Rate = GOOD! Bank’s Variable Rate = BAD Banks would much rather lend on a floating rate basis rather than a fixed rate basis. This transfers the risk of interest rate fluctuations from the bank to you that’s why bank loans are typically indexed to a market rate, and therefore are subject to rate fluctuation making it tough to budget, as your payments get higher and higher, especially given the current economic climate. Anyone remember the ‘70’s? Standard loans and leases from Crest Capital are fixed for the entire term of the agreement. Advantage – Crest Capital (fixed is Good!) https://www.crestcapital.com/equipment_lease_calculator Fixed is Good Difference #10 – RE-QUALIFY EVERY YEAR Bank’s Fine Print: you must REQUALIFY each year! Bank loan documents cause your business to have to re-qualify for the loan each anniversary period by providing financial statements at least annually If you read a bank loan agreement closely, you’re forced to agree to provide the bank with your personal financial statements and tax returns, insurance certificates, accounts receivable agings, inventory schedules, and other certificates, etc. etc. at anytime the bank sees fit to ask you for the information – or the loan is “called” if these provisions are not complied with. For each of these financial statement submissions, your financial ratios such as minimum current ratio, maximum debt-to-equity, and minimum cash flow coverage are evaluated. The call provision allows your bank to demand that you pay off your loan if your business isn't doing as well as the bank thinks it should. Additionally, if the bank is sold, if they decide that they no longer wish to support your industry segment or if they simply wish to lend the money to somebody else – they can call your loan. where does that leave you? Crest Capital will leave you alone if you’re paying-as-agreed. We’re right here for you when you need additional equipment financing, or an upgrade, trade-in, or replacement but we won’t ask you to re-qualify for the loan we already gave you. Won’t you sleep better at night knowing we will not bother you for the next five years as long as you make the payments as scheduled? Advantage – Crest Capital Bank’s Fine Print: you must REQUALIFY each year! http://www.CrestCapital.com Have you REALLY read that bank loan documentation? Apply Here: https://www.crestcapital.com/Primary/Application/OAStep1.aspx I’ve given you ten solid reasons why it’s smarter for you to finance equipment, vehicles, and software with Crest Capital. Call Crest Capital at 800-245-1213 or visit us at http://www.CrestCapital .com Equipment Leasing and Financing Experts Choose Crest Capital for your next Finance or Leasing need. http://www.CrestCapital.com phone: (800) 245-1213. Capital Finance
Geomorphology
Floodplains are far wider than the channel they border, reaching widths of up to 100 kilometers, and their length is 10 times that.[4] They are thin and roughly planar in shape.[4] Unlike channel bars, which often build horizontally, overbank deposits build vertically.[5]
Depositional processes and facies
Overbank deposits are fine-grained and accumulate vertically. The disturbance of adjacent environments during flooding events leads to deposits containing terrestrial organic debris such as plant matter, and the intervening dry periods allow subaerial bioturbation by roots and burrowing animals.[4] Notable sub-environments within the floodplain include natural levees and crevasse splays.[5]
Natural levees
Natural levees are sloped deposits which form on the banks of channels during flooding events, serving as barriers to future floods.[4] The slope of a levee is primarily a function of its grain size.[4] Levees tend to be steeper when they first form and are close to the channel, then gradually level out as they grow and their grain size decreases.[6] In the stratigraphic record, natural-levee deposits typically consist of thinly-layered sandstones overlying mud- to clay-sized beds.[5]
Crevasse splays
Crevasse-splay deposits form during flooding events when a river cuts a levee to form a smaller channel away from the main channel.[5] These crevasse channels are essentially miniature distributary systems and can have many of the features that larger fluvial bodies possess, like levees.[4] A crevasse-splay sequence typically begins with an erosive base, followed by the deposition of coarse bed load sediment and transitioning to finer suspended sediment as energy decreases, resulting a graded bedding pattern when viewed in cross-section.[4] Crevasse channels are ephemeral, and their deposits commonly show terrestrial or desiccation features near the top such as mudcracks or roots.[4]
Relation to paleosols
Because overbank deposits often overlie areas that are normally exposed to weathering, they can bury soils, allowing those soils to be preserved as paleosols.[7] Paleosols can serve as bounds for overbank depositional sequences or alternate with overbank deposits[8] where flooding is episodic. Paleosols tend to show more maturity at a greater distance from the channel, where there is less sediment flux.[4] The degree of soil horizon development can be used as a proxy for this process.[7]
Controls on depositional system evolution
When a river changes course (avulsion), former floodplains can be stranded far from their former channel. They can be covered by new overbank deposits, cut by a channel, eroded completely, or converted into non-fluvial terrestrial deposits like soils.
Overbank deposits are climate-dependent. Of course, the frequency of floods has a major impact on overbank deposits.[4] The controls on flood frequency are complex, but rainfall frequency is a major contributing factor.[9] In humid environments, crevasse channels may empty into long-standing lakes or marshes, whereas in arid environments any drainage areas can dry up between flooding events.[4] Tectonism can also affect the fluvial system by altering relative sea level, exposing floodplains or covering new areas with overbank deposits.[4]
See also
References
- ^ "Definition of "overbank deposit" by Robert Michael Pyle: Home Ground". Archived from the original on 2013-10-24. Retrieved 2013-10-21.
- ^ Pyle, Robert Michael. "Overbank Deposits". Archived from the original on 24 October 2013. Retrieved 21 October 2013.
- ^ Collinson, J.D. 1986. Alluvial Sediments. In: H.G. Reading, editor, Sedimentary environments and facies, 2nd edition; Section 3.6: Inter-channel areas. Blackwell Scientific Publishing, Oxford; p. 41-43. ISBN 978-0-632-01223-7.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l S., Bridge, J. (2003). Rivers and floodplains : forms, processes, and sedimentary record. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Pub. ISBN 0632064897. OCLC 49672174.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ a b c d Boggs, Sam (2012). Principles of sedimentology and stratigraphy (5th ed.). Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall. ISBN 9780321643186. OCLC 666878065.
- ^ Cazanacli, Dan; Smith, Norman D. (1998). "A study of morphology and texture of natural levees—Cumberland Marshes, Saskatchewan, Canada". Geomorphology. 25 (1–2): 43–55. Bibcode:1998Geomo..25...43C. doi:10.1016/S0169-555X(98)00032-4.
- ^ a b Retallack, Greg J. (1990). Soils of the past: an introduction to paleopedology. Boston: Unwin Hyman. ISBN 0045511284. OCLC 20091808.
- ^ Willis, B. J.; Behrensmeyer, A. K. (1994). "Architecture of Miocene Overbank Deposits in Northern Pakistan". SEPM Journal of Sedimentary Research. 64B. doi:10.1306/D4267F46-2B26-11D7-8648000102C1865D. ISSN 1527-1404.
- ^ Struthers, I.; Sivapalan, M. (2007). "A conceptual investigation of process controls upon flood frequency: role of thresholds". Hydrology and Earth System Sciences. 11 (4): 1405. Bibcode:2007HESS...11.1405S. doi:10.5194/hess-11-1405-2007.
This page was last edited on 14 September 2023, at 00:14