Svoboda | Graniru | BBC Russia | Golosameriki | Facebook

To install click the Add extension button. That's it.

The source code for the WIKI 2 extension is being checked by specialists of the Mozilla Foundation, Google, and Apple. You could also do it yourself at any point in time.

4,5
Kelly Slayton
Congratulations on this excellent venture… what a great idea!
Alexander Grigorievskiy
I use WIKI 2 every day and almost forgot how the original Wikipedia looks like.
Live Statistics
English Articles
Improved in 24 Hours
Added in 24 Hours
What we do. Every page goes through several hundred of perfecting techniques; in live mode. Quite the same Wikipedia. Just better.
.
Leo
Newton
Brights
Milds

Tselina (satellite)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Tselina (Russian: Целина) were a series of military electronic surveillance satellites originally developed in the former Soviet Union and used in the past Russian military. These satellites could pinpoint the exact location of objects emitting radio signals. They could even identify the type of emitter, its operational modes, and its activity level. This function proved valuable for detecting potential military operations by monitoring increased radio communication activity. By providing early warning of such activity, Tselina offered valuable intel that might not have been obtainable through other means.[1]

Variants

Initially divided into "Overview" (Tselina-O) and "Detailed" (Tselina-D), since about 1980 the system has been integrated into a single satellite, Tselina-P,[2] which is also known as Tselina-2. The system's primary subject was enemy's radar equipment. Tselina had been numbered as part of the Kosmos series. In total 130 Tselina satellites were launched.[3]

  • Tselina-O satellites were launched using Kosmos-3M rockets.
  • Tselina-D used the Vostok-2M and later the Tsyklon-3.
  • Four upgraded Tselina-Ds, named Tselina-R, were also launched using the Tsyklon.
  • Tselina-2 satellites were designed for launch on Zenit-2 launch vehicles, however the first two launches used the larger Proton-K / DM-2 as the Zenit was still undergoing development. The most recent launch used the modernised Zenit-2M launch vehicle.

References

  1. ^ "Tselina electronic intelligence spacecraft". www.russianspaceweb.com. Retrieved 24 May 2024.
  2. ^ "Космические аппараты радиоэлектронного наблюдения: целевое назначение и история развития" (in Russian). КБ «Южное». Archived from the original on 9 May 2012. Retrieved 29 August 2010.
  3. ^ "Список запусков" (in Russian). Роскосмос. Archived from the original on 22 March 2012. Retrieved 29 August 2010.
This page was last edited on 24 May 2024, at 18:51
Basis of this page is in Wikipedia. Text is available under the CC BY-SA 3.0 Unported License. Non-text media are available under their specified licenses. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. WIKI 2 is an independent company and has no affiliation with Wikimedia Foundation.