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This essay argues that the Church of Ireland in the early modern period was a Reformed expression of Anglicanism by investigating a few events in the life and ministry of James Ussher, the Archbishop of Armagh. First, it looks at Ussher’s... more
This essay argues that the Church of Ireland in the early modern period was a Reformed expression of Anglicanism by investigating a few events in the life and ministry of James Ussher, the Archbishop of Armagh. First, it looks at Ussher’s contributions to the Church of Ireland’s burgeoning Reformed identity by recounting his debate with a well-known Jesuit theologian, which substantiated his vigorously Protestant outlook, and his involvement in composing the Irish Articles of 1615. Second, it looks at how he later attempted to defend Reformed theology in the Church of Ireland from Arminianizing impositions from the Church of England. Finally, it presents an upcoming release of Ussher’s never-beforepublished lectures in theology, which provide a fresh perspective on his Reformed identity.
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A basic introduction to covenant theology as expressed in the Westminster Confession
Samuel Miller, a founding professor at Old Princeton, produced a thorough and rigorously argued introduction to Presbyterian ecclesiology. This edited reprint makes Miller's valuable work available to a new generation. Miller's... more
Samuel Miller, a founding professor at Old Princeton, produced a thorough and rigorously argued introduction to Presbyterian ecclesiology. This edited reprint makes Miller's valuable work available to a new generation.

Miller's original text is reproduced in full and now the critical apparatus provides bibliographic information for all of his citations as well as translations of his Latin sections.
This article demonstrates that Reformed theologians used the category of covenantal merit to refute Roman Catholic notions of merit and to explain the work and rewards of Adam and Christ.
James Ussher was one of the most important theologians of the seventeenth-century Reformed tradition. This article provides a brief outline of his life and work, a survey of the secondary literature about Ussher, and some reflections on... more
James Ussher was one of the most important theologians of the seventeenth-century Reformed tradition. This article provides a brief outline of his life and work, a survey of the secondary literature about Ussher, and some reflections on how Presbyterians can consider some of the more "Anglican" aspects of Ussher's theology.
James Ussher once addressed theological students in Oxford and gave them an extensive set of book recommendations. This article provides a transcription of Ussher's recommended reading on various topics and includes bibliographic... more
James Ussher once addressed theological students in Oxford and gave them an extensive set of book recommendations. This article provides a transcription of Ussher's recommended reading on various topics and includes bibliographic citations for future research.
There is a tradition in historiography of the Reformed tradition claiming that James Ussher's works were important sources used at the Westminster Assembly. This essay seeks to substantiate that tradition by examining contextual factors... more
There is a tradition in historiography of the Reformed tradition claiming that James Ussher's works were important sources used at the Westminster Assembly. This essay seeks to substantiate that tradition by examining contextual factors and the sources themselves to discover the many links between Ussher, the Westminster divines, and the documents produced by the Assembly.
The Reformed tradition has long understood the second commandment to forbid making any image (physical or mental) of any person of the Godhead. Many today, however, are taking exception to the Reformed confessional documents regarding the... more
The Reformed tradition has long understood the second commandment to forbid making any image (physical or mental) of any person of the Godhead. Many today, however, are taking exception to the Reformed confessional documents regarding the second commandment or ignoring them altogether. This essay argues that the Reformed understanding of the second commandment is not an isolated and detached take on a specific ethical point, but in fact the entire Reformed doctrinal system supports the prohibition against making images of the divine.
This paper argues that proper historical method for tracing theological development looks at what sources we can prove an author used and demonstrates how that authors changed from those previous sources. This essay examines the history... more
This paper argues that proper historical method for tracing theological development looks at what sources we can prove an author used and demonstrates how that authors changed from those previous sources. This essay examines the history of the covenant of works, using Archbishop James Ussher as the terminal point of development, and analyzing how he appropriated and modified material from sources he named as important to him.
James Ussher was one of the most important theologians in England and Ireland during the seventeenth century, with connections to both theology and politics. Perhaps the most influential theological work attributed to him has been A Body... more
James Ussher was one of the most important theologians in England and Ireland during the seventeenth century, with connections to both theology and politics. Perhaps the most influential theological work attributed to him has been A Body of Divinitie, a lengthy and detailed catechism that was very popular among his contemporaries. Yet, some scholars have disputed his authorship of this text. In this essay, I bring forward manuscript and material evidence to demonstrate Ussher’s continual use of the content of the Body, and I consider the historical context that helped cause doubt about his authorship. This shows that the content legitimately belonged to Ussher.
This lecture explored the biblical mandate for churches to have confessions of faith, both for doctrinal and liturgical use, and then presented a summary of the historical context for the Westminster Confession of Faith. This lecture was... more
This lecture explored the biblical mandate for churches to have confessions of faith, both for doctrinal and liturgical use, and then presented a summary of the historical context for the Westminster Confession of Faith. This lecture was delivered on June 15, 2019 at London City Presbyterian Church as part of their ongoing London City Lectures.
Research Interests:
This lecture explored the doctrine of Scripture, addressing issues of modernity and postmodernity, by outlining a thick understanding of what Scripture is and how it functions as a deposit of revelation. It reformulates categories about... more
This lecture explored the doctrine of Scripture, addressing issues of modernity and postmodernity, by outlining a thick understanding of what Scripture is and how it functions as a deposit of revelation. It reformulates categories about the attributes of Scripture from confessional Reformed theology in light of contemporary concerns. It was presented at London City Presbyterian Church on March 9, 2019.
Research Interests:
Samuel Miller, an early professor at Old Princeton, produced a thorough and rigorously argued introduction to Presbyterian ecclesiology. This edited reprint makes Miller's valuable work available to a new generation.
This book explores how James Ussher, a theological giant of the 17th century, explained and used the doctrine of the covenant of works throughout his doctrinal work.