Mass Communication and New Media

La sessualità, oggi, si "vede" ovunque, non occorre andarla a cercare; ci troviamo di fronte ad un flusso costante di immagini più o meno velatamente riferite al sesso ma di sessualità non si parla. Forse la si balbetta, pressappoco, nelle pagine delle riviste, nelle conversazioni tra pari, nelle chat e nei forum. La reticenza nel riconoscere il giusto spazio ad un argomento come la sessualità è il sintomo di un disagio diffuso, che diventa malessere nel momento in cui viene associata all'adolescenza.
Il volume propone una ricostruzione articolata del processo di sviluppo della sessualità individuali, partendo dall'infanzia fino alla tarda adolescenza.
La riflessione condotta in queste pagine, incentrata sul contesto italiano ma con costanti raffronti ad altre realtà sociali, culturali e storiche, si sviluppa partendo da un insieme di testimonianze raccolte sul campo, attraverso la conduzione di interviste, focus group e l'analisi di materiale etnografico online. Lo scopo è dare la parola agli adolescenti per mostrare dall'interno il mutamento in atto; un cambiamento che, per certi versi, sta portando al superamento delle tradizionali dicotomie di genere.

The early broadcast era and our current platform era bear some striking resemblances, but one parallel looms large: In the 1940s, we lost a key battle to build a potentially liberating and wondrous medium—and we are on the cusp of doing so again. Then as now, commercial operators defined the terms by which we could use our core communication and information infrastructures. While reaping tremendous profits from the public airwaves, a few corporate firms became the sole providers for much of the nation’s media.

İletişim olgusu, toplumsal bir varlık olan insan için her dönem önemli bir konuma sahip olmuştur. Tarihin ilk dönemlerinden itibaren doğa ile iç içe yaşayan insan beslenme, barınma ve korunma gibi temel ihtiyaçlarını giderirken iletişim kurmaya çabalamıştır. İletişim her dönem insanların hayatlarını biçimlendirmiş, yaşayışlarına yön vermiştir. Toplumsal dönüşümü hızlandıran ve sosyalleşmeyi biçimlendiren iletişim olgusu, medyanın etkisiyle birlikte daha zengin bir yapıya kavuşmuştur. Geleneksel medyadan yeni medyaya dönüşüm sürecinde iletişim teknolojileri etkisini derinden hissettirmiş ve içinde yaşadığımız dönem “medya çağı” olarak ifade edilmeye başlamıştır. İletişim bugün gerek sokakta, gerek evde izlediğimiz televizyonlarda, gerek sanal ortamda ve gerekse de reel hayatımızda vazgeçemediğimiz olgular arasında yer almaktadır. 23 farklı çalışmadan oluşan bu kitap, altı farklı kategoride bulunan bilimsel çalışmaları kapsamaktadır. Bu kategoriler sırasıyla; “Halkla İlişkiler ve Medya”, “Bilişim ve Medya”, “Sinema ve Medya”, “Sanat ve Medya”, “Kültür ve Medya”, “Siyasal İletişim ve Medya”dır.

This paper discusses the relationship between media and politics on the basis of political parallelism. The Turkish media is analyzed within a historical process on three levels: state intervention and legislative regulations, the organic link between political parties and newspapers and journalistic professionalization. Following Hallin and Mancini’s analysis of the media systems, the polarized pluralist model can be used to typify the Turkish media. In the polarized pluralist model, political parallelism does not emerge because the media is instrumentalized by the contingent interests of the groups, individual politicians and business persons. The study aims to analyze the Turkish media in historical processes and to show the major forms of instrumentalization in the Turkish media case. This approach shows the historical roots of the problems of Turkish media, especially in terms of, state intervention, the organic link between political parties and the media and the professionalization of journalism.

The massacre of almost 50 Maidan protesters on February 20, 2014 was a turning point in Ukrainian politics and a tipping point in the conflict between the West and Russia over Ukraine. This mass killing of the protesters and the mass shooting of the police that preceded it led to the overthrow of the pro-Russian government of Viktor Yanukovych and gave a start to a civil war in Donbas in Eastern Ukraine, Russian military intervention in Crimea and Donbas, and an international conflict between the West and Russia over Ukraine. A conclusion promoted by the post-Yanukovych governments and the media in Ukraine that the massacre was perpetrated by government snipers and special police units on a Yanukovych order has been nearly universally accepted by the Western governments, the media, and many scholars. The Ukrainian government investigation identified members of the special company of Berkut as responsible for killings of the absolute majority of the protesters, but did not release any evidence in support, with the exception of videos of the massacre.
              The question is which side organized the “snipers’ massacre.” This paper is the first academic study of this crucial case of the mass killing. It uses a theory of rational choice and a Weberian theory of instrumental rationality to examine actions of major actors both from the Yanukovych government, specifically various police and security forces, and the Maidan opposition, specifically its far right and oligarchic elements, during the massacre.
          The paper analyzes a large amount of evidence from different publicly available sources concerning this massacre and killings of specifics protesters. Qualitative content analysis includes the following data: about 1,500 videos and recordings of live internet and TV broadcasts from mass media and social media in different countries(some 150 gigabytes), news reports and social media posts by more than 100 journalists covering the massacre from Kyiv, some 5,000 photos, and nearly 30 gigabytes of publicly available radio intercepts of snipers and commanders from the special Alfa unit of the Security Service of Ukraine and Internal Troops, and Maidan massacre trial recordings. This study also employs field research on site of the massacre, eyewitness reports by both Maidan protesters and government special units commanders, statements by both former and current government officials, estimates of approximate ballistic trajectories, bullets and weapons used, and types of wounds among both protesters and the police. This study establishes a precise timeline for various events of the massacre, the locations of both the shooters and the government snipers, and the specific timeline and locations of nearly 50 protesters’ deaths. It also briefly analyzes other major cases of violence during and after the “Euromaidan.” This study includes two video appendixes.
            This academic investigation concludes that the massacre was a false flag operation, which was rationally planned and carried out with a goal of the overthrow of the government and seizure of power. It found various evidence of the involvement of an alliance of the far right organizations, specifically the Right Sector and Svoboda, and oligarchic parties, such as Fatherland. Concealed shooters and spotters were located in at least 20 Maidan-controlled buildings or areas. The various evidence that the protesters were killed from these locations include some 70 testimonies, primarily by Maidan protesters, several videos of “snipers” targeting protesters from these buildings, comparisons of positions of the specific protesters at the time of their killing and their entry wounds, and bullet impact signs. The study uncovered various videos and photos of armed Maidan “snipers” and spotters in many of these buildings. The paper presents implications of these findings for understanding the nature of the change of the government in Ukraine, the civil war in Donbas, Russian military intervention in Crimea and Donbas, and an international conflict between the West and Russia over Ukraine.

Whenever a new communication medium arrives at the scene, it creates some flutters in the social and personal life of a person. Personal and professional life experiences changes which have both positive and negative aspects. With these basic assumptions in mind, a focus group study was conducted on smartphone users and an attempt was made to understand how this new medium and the changes brought out by it, are being perceived by its users. In perceivers’ views, after owning a smartphone, their lives have become better. Daily routine, social engagement, reading habits and leisure time are some of the other activities over which respondent participants’ opinion was sought.

Beat reporting in Nigeria grew from the early 1980’s, onto the 90’s and onwards. It was out of an attempt to perfect news reporting, by encouraging specialization amongst reporters. This paper analyses the expansion of the trend, from when, particularly, private newspapers were established, up until the coming of online journalism, reasoning that while the private media organisations gave further meaning to the practice, the public media had earlier engaged in it through only a concentration on government departments. It noted the evolution of sundry beats in the county’s journalism space as including Ports, Judiciary, Defence, Foreign Affairs, Information Technology, Crime, Science, Health, Technology, Travel and Tourism, Entertainment, Lifestyle, Business, Police Affairs, Energy, Politics, Transport, Sports, City, Education, Culture, Religion, Aviation, Oil and Gas, amongst others, arguing that while the outlining of these beats were concerted attempts at improving the quality of ...

Der Begriff des Interface kategorisiert die Ausprägungsstufen einer kommunikationsstabilisierenden Schnittstelle als Interaktionsmechanismus, wobei die Interaktion von maschinellen Komponenten (Hardware, Software) sowie die vielfältigen Interaktionen zwischen UserIn und Maschine zur Geltung gebracht werden.

Abstrak Keberadaan media sosial khususnya facebook di Indonesia sudah demikian mewabah untuk tiap lapisan masyarakat. Banyak tujuan dan motivasi yang menjadikan para pengguna memanfaatkan media sosial facebook ini baik secara pribadi maupun sosial kemasyarakatan. Penggunaan media sosial facebook juga diterapkan dalam aktivitas politik yang bersifat praktis secara langsung, seperti yang digunakan untuk menjaring suara dalam pemilihan umum anggota legislatif dan pimpinan eksekutif berupa pemilihan presiden dan kepala daerah. Selain itu, penggunaan aktivitas politik yang bersifat tidak langsung sering dilakukan berupa pembicaraan atau diskusi antar anggota kelompok facebook tertentu atas sebuah isu atau persoalan politik yang sedang terjadi. Salah satu contohnya adalah isu pemekaran Kabupaten Cilacap Jawa Tengah yang hangat dibicarakan sejak pertengahan tahun 2013 hingga sekarang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana peran media sosial facebook digunakan untuk memberdayakan partisipasi masyarakat khususnya anggota grup media sosial facebook terkait dengan wacana pemekaran kabupaten baru di wilayah Cilacap bagian barat Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data partisipasi berperan serta dan wawancara mendalam dengan grub Cimanggu Pesbuk, serta telaah dokumentasi yang terkait. Informan diambil dari anggota grup media sosial facebook Cimanggu Pesbuk yang dianggap memahami persoalan yang diteliti, merupakan warga asli Kabupaten Cilacap bagian barat, dan terlibat aktif dalam memberikan komentar-komentar dalam diskusi grup media sosial facebook yang bertema tentang pemekaran Kabupaten Cilacap. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa media sosial facebook berfungsi tidak saja sekadar menyambung tali silaturahmi dan sebagai media komunikasi antar anggota, akan tetapi sekaligus berkembang sebagai media sharing atas banyak informasi yang berhubungan dengan kebutuhan para anggota grup; komentar-komentar dalam diskusi grup media sosial facebook atas sebuah persoalan membawa pengaruh bagi perubahan sikap anggota minimal cara pandang baru dalam menerima informasi untuk menanggapi masalah yang dibahas; dalam hal pemberdayaan politik khususnya tema pemekaran kabupaten baru di wilayah mereka. Media sosial facebook berperan dalam upaya peningkatan partisipasi aktif para anggota dengan memberikan masukan, kritik, tanggapan, dan pertanyaan yang menunjukkan posisinya sebagai bagian dari anggota masyarakat Cilacap bagian barat. Kata-kata kunci: media sosial facebook, pemberdayaan, partisipasi politik

The era of journalism and the participation of the readers on online media websites have changed online journalism. The research interest is now focused on removing the distinction between the publisher/entrepreneur and the journalist/user, with the ultimate goal of actively involving citizens in the journalistic process but also in the web presence of media websites. The evolution of technology, the deep media crisis and the growing dissatisfaction of the citizens, create the conditions for journalism to work with citizens, and in particular through citizen journalism and journalism crowdsourcing. This concept is a form of collective online activity in which a person or a group of people volunteer to engage in work that always involves mutual benefit to both sides. The main research question of this research concerns the analysis of the current situation regarding crowdsourcing, co-creation and UGC and the adoption of best practices such as crowdcreation, comments from the users, c...

Mass media have been a critical weapon of warfare since the cold war, and even more recently, the powerful intrusion of the new media: transformed the landscape in terms of reach and influence. Its role can be both constructive and deconstructive. The Rwanda genocide, armed violence in Nigeria and Kenya, and Balkan wars has questioned its roles, powers and ethical responsibilities in violent conflict circumstances. In these cases the mass media played a poisonous role. Although establishing a causal relationship between mass media and framing of opinion, emotion and beliefs that steams violent conflicts in Sub-Saharan Africa is neither linear nor clear. However, this paper underscores mass media’s compelling influence on how perception in fragile armed conflict environment of Africa is developed. It is not only used as an effective propaganda machine for promoting regime defense, building resistant movement, but also transforming the political actor’s parochial interest into people’s interest.

Dünyada ve Türkiye’deki otoriterleşme eğilimleriyle ortaya çıkan sansür olgusu ve bilgi akışının önüne set çekme girişimleri yaygınlaşırken, iletişim teknolojileriyle bu olumsuz girişimler aşılmaya çalışılıyor. Otoriter yönetimler, bilgi akışı önüne geleneksel yollarla engeller koymanın olanaksız olduğunu fark ederek, akan bilgilerin içindeki hakikate halel getirecek bulandırma yollarına başvuruyor. Bu hakikati bulandırma ve erişilen bilgilerin inanılırlığını kuşkulu hale getirme eğilimine son zamanlardaki moda deyimle hakikat sonrası (post-truth) da deniyor. Ancak içinden geçtiğimiz zamanlarda üstümüze neredeyse sınırsız bir sel gibi akan bilginin içinden işimize yarayacak olanlarını ayırt etmekte güçlük çekme halimizi anlamak için sanırız daha farklı kavramlara ihtiyaç var. Zira hemen hemen her mecrada önümüze çıkan bilgiler, görüntüler, reklamlar birer manipülasyon aracına dönüşebiliyor. Bir taraftan bizlerin karakter analizleriyle- beğenilerimizi, siyasi eğilimlerimizi, duygu durumlarımızı ve daha pek çok parametreyi bir araya getirerek- ziyaret ettiğimiz, müdavimi olduğumuz sitelerde, arama motorlarında karşımıza çıkacak olan sonuçlarda neredeyse kişiye özel sonuçlarla karşı karşıya bırakıyor bizi. Bu gelişmeler, sadece gündelik hayatımızı ve kişisel tercihlerimizi değil, aynı zamanda bizler hakkında karar vermeye yetkili kıldığımız kişilerin kimler olacağına dair seçimlerimizi de etkileyecek sonuçlar ortaya çıkarıyor. Son ABD Başkanlık seçimlerinde Cambridge Analytica ve Facebook marifetiyle seçmenler üzerinde yapılan manipülasyon, durumun ne kadar ciddi olduğunu bir kez daha anlamamızı sağladı.
Bu gelişmeler eşliğinde düşündüğümüz zaman, “iletişim hakkı” ya da “hak odaklı iletişim”in ne kadar önemli olduğu bir kez daha ortaya çıkıyor. Günümüzde iletişim özgürlüğü, düşündüklerini ifade etme özgürlüğünün yanında, kişinin hayatıyla ilgili önemli bilgilere sağlıklı bir biçimde erişebilme özgürlüğünü de kapsıyor. Elinizdeki kitap da iletişim hakkına odaklı farklı perspektiflerden yazılmış makale ve raporları içeriyor.

en 1948: Los casos de La Voz del Interior y Los Principios " Resumen El año 1948 ha sido un año clave en la cuestión palestina, ya que es una bisagra histórica en un conflicto que pervive hasta nuestros días. Representa uno de los mayores sucesos en la historia del siglo XX y aún sigue teniendo repercusiones, no sólo en Medio Oriente, sino también en el resto del planeta. Al mismo tiempo, estos hechos que nos parecen lejanos, están muy cerca de nuestra realidad local por la presencia en Córdoba de amplias comunidades árabes y judías. En ese marco, nos interesa observar de qué modo estos hechos dejaron su impronta o su resonancia en el medio cordobés, por lo que acudimos a los dos principales referentes periodísticos del momento: La Voz del Interior y Los Principios. Teniendo en cuenta que los medios de comunicación gráficos eran una tribuna pública donde se canalizaba las tensiones sociales, es importante destacar el análisis de los discursos que en ellos circulaba sobre esta temática, ya que revelan mucho sobre las representaciones que los mismos hacían de las tensiones ocurridas en ese lugar de vital importancia para las tres principales religiones monoteístas del planeta: el Islam, el cristianismo y el judaísmo.

Le culture del cyberpunk sono culture che si affermano in un ben preciso momento storico, gli anni Ottanta, in cui lo sviluppo del post-fordismo sta fornendo una nuova spinta propulsiva alla storica e progressiva soppressione del tempo inutile vissuto quotidianamente, a favore di un uso funzionale del proprio tempo quotidiano ai sempre nuovi ritmi dell'economia, del commercio e del consumo. Ogni nuova scoperta e tecnologia della comunicazione viene socialmente, oltre che economicamente, sviluppata, prodotta, organizzata e finalizzata in funzione di logiche di dominio e di profitto, anziché verso il bene e gli interessi dell'umanità e dell'essere umano.
Da ogni attimo della giornata viene progressivamente espulsa ogni dimensione dell’“inutile”, di un vissuto cioè che sia in grado di sospendere la propria dimensione percettiva dalla sua funzione di sopravvivenza, per abbandonarsi in modo rituale all’esperienza della propria spiritualità.
Tale dimensione autentica dell’essere è, nel processo di storicizzazione dell’umanità, costantemente esautorata, soppressa, dalle strutture del dominio e dello sfruttamento.
Le nuove tecnologie della comunicazione digitale sono state trasformate e riproposte dalle culture del cyberpunk in una dimensione che ne permettesse l’uso rituale e sciamanico, al fine di ottenere, anche attraverso di esse, quella sospensione della percezione e del tempo così cruciale per la nostra resurrezione quotidiana.

New technologies give local journalists the opportunity to extend their agenda, adding the international context ; however, for community participation it is crucial to be informed about the closest environment. Several Ukrainian local news sites in the situation of political instability and military conflict increase the number of news items about international/national issues, whereas a majority of others covers predominantly city/ regional events. On the basis of content analysis, news geography of two leading news sites of two Ukrainian cities Lviv and Odesa are studied and two types of local sites are discovered: local (with a high priority given to the local news) and non-local (with a priority placed on the international and national news). A clear correlation between the number of texts and exclusivity of news sources can be seen. Exclusivity is higher on the sites which see the local news items as their priority; however, quality of news remains problematic for both types. Readers are provided with a lot of unchecked and unbalanced content. As a result, functions of community integration and participation cannot be fulfilled properly by the local media, and defining other additional tools for civic engagement becomes a significant task.

This essay posits American journalism as a particular realm of public knowledge production, inflected with its own professional practices as well as the way in which those practices subjugate technologies of representation. Taking the Arab Spring of 2011 as a case study in journalistic knowledge production, this article analyzes three epistemological conditions underscoring the Arab Spring’s development as an object of knowledge: the use of social media tools within the practice of journalism, the representational authority of the individual reporter, and the articulation of journalistic knowledge to broader institutions of liberal democratic power. While these are by no means the only possible themes of investigation, by looking at how journalistic practices rendered the Arab Spring sensible and worthy of public consideration, this essay hopes to reveal them as temporally and technologically contingent, but also linked to the values of liberal democracy that undergird journalism’s role in American public life.

การวิจัยครั้งนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อพัฒนากรอบเกณฑ์มาตรฐานการปฏิบัติของนักสื่อสารมวลชนดิจิทัล เป็นการกำหนดมาตรฐานของกระบวนการปฏิบัติงานของนักสื่อมวลชนดิจิทัลโดยจัดแบ่งองค์ประกอบตามกระบวนการปฏิบัติงานเป็นลำดับขั้น อย่างเหมาะสมโดยศึกษาจากกระบวนการปฏิบัติงานของนักสื่อสารมวลชนดิจิทัลในปัจจุบัน การวิจัยนี้เป็นการวิจัยเชิงคุณภาพ กลุ่มตัวอย่างคือ ผู้บริหารระดับสูงองค์กรสื่อสารมวลชนและนักวิชาชีพด้านสื่อสารมวลชนดิจิทัล ที่เลือกจากประชากรโดยใช้วิธีการสุ่มแบบลูกบอลหิมะ (Snowball Random Sampling) จำนวน 16 คน เครื่องมือในการวิจัยเป็นแบบสัมภาษณ์เชิงลึก วิเคราะห์ข้อมูลด้วยการวิเคราะห์เนื้อหา (Content Analysis)  ผลการวิจัยพบว่า กรอบเกณฑ์มาตรฐานการปฏิบัติของนักสื่อสารมวลชนดิจิทัล ประกอบด้วย 4 มาตรฐาน 9 องค์ประกอบ เกณฑ์มาตรฐานทั้งหมดได้สะท้อนถึงส่วนสำคัญของกระบวนการปฏิบัติงานของนักสื่อสารมวลชนดิจิทัล ซึ่ง 4 มาตรฐาน ได้แก่ 1) มาตรฐานการนำเข้า จำนวน 3 องค์ประกอบ  2) มาตรฐานกระบวนการ จำนวน 2 องค์ประกอบ  3) มาตรฐานการนำส่ง จำนวน 2 องค์ประกอบ  และ 4) มาตรฐานการตอบรับ  จำนวน 2 องค์ประกอบ สรุปได้ว่า 4 มาตรฐานและ 9 องค์ประกอบ ที่ค้นพบได้ผ่านการเห็นชอบจากผู้เชี่ยวชาญในองค์กรสื่อสารมวลชนดิจิทัลในประเทศไทย มีค่าสถิติอยู่ระหว่าง 80% - 100%

The United States has long grappled with the question of how to maintain an appropriate combination of religion and politics in the public sphere. The current electoral cycle is no different, as Presidential candidates attempt to negotiate both the political and religious landscapes. This essay introduces a special forum on rhetoric and religion in contemporary politics and touches on some recent instances of how religious differences have played out in the current political environment. Some of the issues discussed include the separation of church and state, Mitt Romney’s membership in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormons), Rick Santorum’s conception of the “war on religion,” and the controversy over contraceptives at religious institutions and Rush Limbaugh’s attacks on a Georgetown law student.

This free-to-download report brings together the best examples we’ve seen of how news and media organisations have risen to meet the challenges of COVID-19. It looks at a range of tips and tactics to help all kinds of publishers, from subscriptions to eCommerce, the state of ad tech, and tools for building loyalty.

The Publisher’s Guide to Navigating COVID-19 report’s 80+ pages are split into seven chapters covering the pandemic’s impact on the media, what it means for subscription strategies, and how publishers are building loyalty and engagement.

It concludes with a chapter exploring the legacy of COVID-19; the structural issues it has accentuated, the trends it has accelerated, and what this means for publishers looking at their business plans for 2021 and beyond.

The report also comes packed with charts throughout and a comprehensive appendix, as well as recommendations for further reading.

The text presents digital games (including serious games) as medium of communication, considered as subjects in the discipline of media science. Under certain conditions, games are suitable for the effective transfer of theoretical and practical knowledge which can affect users. According to this, the theoretical article undertakes the issue of games evolution, illustrating why and how digital games started to be a research subject for communication and media researchers.

This paper is a conceptual framework for comprehending how the shift in people’s access and choices in news, entertainment, and other information, changes people’s media consumption habits; thwarts many Mass Media business models and practices; and proposes that a shift is underway from the Mass Media of the Industrial Era and to the computer-mediated Individuated Media of the Informational Era. This epochal shift, resulting in most people having nearly instantaneous access in hand to more information than has before been printed or broadcast, is the greatest change in the history of media. It is already causing profound political, industrial, and societal effects and changes worldwide.

While there are a variety of approaches to examining the valuation of digital media art, I limit my discussion to its economic valuation within the context of Western capitalist economies.  In this paper, I argue that the dematerialized and reproducible nature of digital media art requires it to have alternative models of economic valuation because the classical model of economic valuation does not effectively value digital media art.  I examine existing economic models of digital media artwork valuation and I explore unique opportunities for alternative and hybrid economic models of digital media artwork valuation.

Although empirical studies on information and communication technology have affirmed that Nigerian academic staff used email as the most useful internet product for accomplishing clerical tasks, email related studies so far researched in Nigeria seemed to have focused less on ascertaining if demographic factors could have effects on email satisfactory communication. Therefore, this study examined if demographic factors had effects on email satisfactory communication among SouthEast Nigerian academic staff. The quantitative research approach was used because the study engaged in descriptive and inferential studies. We found that the respondents' gender affected email satisfactory communication. However, the other four demographic factors that comprised age, job status, educational level, and working experience years did not have significant effects on email satisfactory communication. In terms of management patterns, the study established that more than half of the respondents rarely clean junk emails. Moreover, the findings demonstrated that the majority of them did not set up smart folders for moving joke and advertisement related-emails. Our study further indicated that more than half of the respondents were not strategically managing incoming emails. We, therefore, recommend that SouthEast Nigerian academic staff should consider regularly cleaning junk emails, setting up folders for moving jokes and advertisements related-emails, and adopting strategies for managing incoming emails if they anticipated achieving more email satisfactory communication. Conclusively, our findings contributed to understanding the effects of demographics factors on email satisfactory communication and other virtual communication technologies in addition to their effective management.

The media are playing an important role in childrenns daily lives, whether measured in terms of family income, use of time and space, or importance within the conduct of social relations. Curiously, there is a notable discrepancy between the high levels of public concern over children and young peoplees use of new media and the minimum of empirical research conducted thus far. Although, children are often left out of populationn surveys, in Europe Kelly,. " lso in " lbania, the use of new media from children and young has conduct to undertake some studies related to this domain. Referring to this study we aim to understand the perception of children, parents and teacher about the effects that new media create the children life. The methodology used is a qualitative one based in 20 semi structured interviews with parents and teacher and in a focus group of children age 12-15 years old. Through this study we aim to know more about the new media; the way of use, activities and their negative or positive social effects on children. The conclusions of this paper are: the social media are constantly present in children life of now days; the most use are: Instagram, Facebook, Snapchat. They use new media and social media for entertainments, home works, conversations and socialization. Also, parents and teacher try to controlling in distance the way that the children use media. They try to protect them from different derange. Most of parent and teacher think that the only one positive effect of new media in their children life is the possibility to take information that can help children with home works.

The book provides new insights into the interface between humour studies and media discourse analysis, connecting two areas of scholarly interest that have not been studied extensively before. The volume adopts a multi-disciplinary approach, concentrating on the various roles humour plays in print and audiovisual media, the forms it takes, the purposes it serves, the butts it targets, the implications it carries and the differences it may assume across cultures. The phenomena described range from conversational humour, canned jokes and wordplay to humour in translation and news satire. The individual studies draw their material for analysis from traditional print and broadcast media, such as magazines, sitcomts, films and spoof news, as well as electronic and internet-based media, such as emails, listserv massages, live blogs and online news.

Téma:Analýza rozdílnosti divácké recepce filmového díla a umění
Abstract:
Nejen v diskurzech z oblastí: filmových věd a teorií pohyblivých obrazů, ale rovněž prakticky v každé otázce spjaté s el. médii, se až příliš často setkáváme s tendencí porovnávat média současná s těmi, jež jim předcházela.
Tato komparativní metoda a analýza médií dává vzniknout genealogiím a příběhům, které pro nás nadále utváří relativně pevný svazek zásadních vědeckých či uměleckých objevů a dějinných událostí ze světa médií.

The academic question about the effects of mass media on political participation has a long research history. If the previous century asked the question about the printing press, radio and television, the current century questions now the social networks and, in broad terms, the effect of the internet upon politics.

In the last few years, affect has entered the field of politics through both the media and political actors themselves. This article is based on the hypothesis that the images of affect that illustrate contemporary political narratives in the media reflect different visual motifs which are linked to an iconographic tradition that began in the art world. Through the iconographic analysis of images published in the three newspapers in Spain with the largest general readership (El País, El Mundo, and La Vanguardia) from 2011 to 2017, this article identifies three visual motifs of affect: the handshake, the hug, and the kiss. The study of these motifs highlights the survival of certain forms of emotion that are easily recognisable and engage with a longstanding iconographic tradition. At the same time, the article inquiries into the meanings derived from these iconographies and their implications on the representation of politics and of political leaders. The proliferation of motifs of ...

In classic existential philosophy and phenomenology, being human in itself defies numbers and measurement (Kierkegaard 1846/1960/2010; Jaspers 1932; Husserl 1954). By contrast, today an ideology of connectivity is fast emerging where numbers are taken to reveal the hidden truths of being, of selfhood and of the body. In effect, this ideology seems to accomplish a rewiring of human sensory experience to privilege the numerical, the discrete. This chapter discusses the ethos of quantification in bereavement online, and sets out by showing how numbers have become central for some mourners in the death online field. In the face of the death of their spouse or child, the lived experience of loss in online environments is also an experience of counting likes or hearts: of quantification. The chapter analyses the role of numbers in relation to online condolences, that is of ‘liking’ (or neglecting to like) an expression of utter exposure and bottomless grief. It picks up on Steven Connor’s provocative defense of quantification (2015, 2016). He argues that since we actually live in number humanists need to assess the ‘quality of quantity’, the feel of number ('quantality'), and attend to its philosophical and political imaginaries. This chapter argues in order to do so we need neither complacently accept the role, authority and clout of number, nor indulge in what Connor sees among humanists as an “angry panic,” about them, but simply to revisit phenomenology and its profound engagement with the shortcomings of numbering and quantification, in the realm of human existence. The chapter argues that this is a move needed in order to both phenomenologically perceive and critically interrogate the turn to numbers. In sharing work on a group of bereaved parents who built memorials to their dead children and a Facebook group of bereaved who mourn their partners,  and by bringing these phenomenally felt entanglements of grief and numbers into view, in this chapter I am intentionally hovering between defining online mourning as expressions of and co-constituted by technē; the way we craft and re-craft our world with and within media – and technics; the way technology may also be an agent of systemic objectification and cynical calculus (Heidegger 1927 & 1977, Dreyfus 1994,  Peters 2015). I show that what we would describe as immaterial forms of capitalism bleed into the vulnerabilities of bereavement online. Yet they do not exhaust the matter. Our media are existential media (Lagerkvist 2016) which is why they call for an ethics of ambiguity (de Beauvoir 1947): we have to be able to see the two sides of the phenomenon at once. When numbers count we may discern both an enhanced form of simply being there for each other in shared vulnerability (cf. Peters 1999, 2015, Lagerkvist & Andersson 2017), and a troubling depletion of the field of mourning online.