Quantitative Research

The purpose of this quantitative data analysis was to examine the relationship between industry type and information security risk-level among businesses in the United States.  This paper took into account collected business related data from 36 industry types.  Pattern recognition, bivariate linear regression analysis, and a one-sample t-test were performed to test the industry type and information security risk-level relationship of the selected business.  Test results indicated that there is a significant predictive relationship between industry type and risk-level rates among United States businesses.  Moreover, the one-sample t-test results indicated that United States businesses classified as a particular industry type are more likely to have a higher information security risk-level than the midpoint level of United States businesses.

Cieľom predkladanej publikácie je napomôcť začínajúcim výskumníkom  v oblasti sociálneho výskumu zvládnuť náročný proces kvantitatívneho výskumu za použitia vlastného dotazníka. Má ambíciu stať sa akýmsi sprievodcom všetkými krokmi od úplného začiatku v prípravnej etape – voľby výskumnej témy, štúdia literatúry a dostupných zdrojov, konceptualizácie výskumného problému, tvorby projektu výskumu a jeho jednotlivých častí. Ďalej nasleduje operacionalizácia a v rámci nej rozklad sociálneho javu na premenné, formulácia výskumných otázok a hypotéz. Prvá časť publikácie je venovaná takisto popisu ďalších etáp výskumného procesu – výber výskumnej vzorky a samotná tvorba dotazníka.
Druhá časť publikácie je zameraná na prácu so štatistickým programom SPSS, ktorý je nápomocný pri spracovaní získaných dát. Hoci samotný program je užívateľsky príjemný, pre začínajúceho výskumníka môže byť veľmi užitočná akási názorná príručka na jeho používanie, o čo sme sa snažili. V častiach so štatistickými operáciami nebolo v žiadnom prípade našou ambíciou venovať sa štatistike do hĺbky – na to slúžia iné odborné zdroje. Našou ambíciou bolo, aby výskumník vedel v uvedenom programe dáta vložiť, posúdiť psychometrické vlastnosti  dotazníka, realizovať deskriptívnu analýzu a niektoré operácie v rámci induktívnej štatistiky (komparácia súborov, korelačná analýza, faktorová analýza, regresná analýza). V závere publikácie je uvedených niekoľko rád pri práci s programom SPSS, ktoré by mohli výskumníkovi prácu uľahčiť.       
Dúfame, že vyššie popísané ambície budú dosiahnuté a naša publikácia bude začínajúcemu výskumníkovi nápomocná.

Online music streaming has become a rapidly increasing social phenomenon in past few years with as many as 103.1 million people currently paying for music streaming services worldwide. However, the literature highlights a specific issue regarding online consumer behaviour. Recent figures published by popular online streaming service providers show that the number of people that use music streaming services for free substantially eclipses this figure. Therefore, by using Ajzen’s (1991) Theory of Planned Behaviour Model, this study identifies which factors best determine a consumer’s willingness to pay for music online.
Through the use of quantitative, statistical methods, this study finds a strong association between a person’s age group and a willingness to pay for online music streaming. This study suggests that young people demonstrate a conscience for online music consumption activity due to an increased consciousness for normative social influences and are, therefore, more likely to engage in the social behaviour. Perhaps more importantly, this study demonstrates the usefulness of applying Ajzen’s (1991) Theory of Planned Behaviour Model to research within the social sciences due its demonstrated high construct validity in addition to its ability to explain the nature of social action within an Internet technology-related consumer behaviour context.
It is hoped that the findings of this study will be used to inform some of the key players within the music industries about taking a sociological approach to the understanding of online consumer behaviour. By gaining an understanding of the motivations behind a consumer’s willingness to pay for online music streaming, better marketing initiatives can be developed to improve the disparity between fee paying and fee free users.

Bu kitap; duygusal ve davranışsal bozukluklara sahip öğrenciler hakkında bilgi sahibi olmak isteyen sınıf öğretmenleri, özel eğitim öğretmenleri ve alanda çalışan uzmanlar için hazırlanmış giriş niteliğinde bir uygulama kitabıdır. Her bir bozukluğun nedeni, tanımlanması, güncel araştırmalar ışığında verilmeye çalışılmış ve okul ortamındaki pratik uygulamalarla da anlatım zenginleştirilmiştir. Bunlara ek olarak belirli bir bozukluğun tüm yönlerine ilişkin temel yaklaşımla birlikte bilimsel olarak geliştirilmiş müdahele yöntemleri de verilmeye çalışılmıştır.

Bu kitabın alanda yeni çalışmaya başlayan öğretmenler kadar güncel verilerle desteklenen tanı koyma ve müdahele stratejilrine önem vermesi nedeniyle alanda uzun süredir çalışmakta olan öğretmenlere ve uzmanlara da yararlı olacağını düşünmekteyiz.

A practical, step-by-step core research text that balances coverage of qualitative, quantitative and combined methods
Educational Research: Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research offers a truly balanced, inclusive, and integrated overview of the processes involved in educational research. This text first examines the general steps in the research process and then details the procedures for conducting specific types of quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods studies. Direct guidance on reading research is offered throughout the text, and features provide opportunities for practice.

Throughout the 6th Edition, examples are now drawn from a broad range of fields, including program evaluation, multicultural research, counseling, school psychology, and learning and cognition. In addition, enhanced coverage incorporates the latest technology-based strategies and online tools, and more information about single-subject research methods.

"1 Introduction
PRINCIPLES AND PLANNING FOR RESEARCH
2 Theoretical Perspectives and Research Methodologies
3  Selecting and Planning Research Proposals and Projects
4 Research Ethics
5 Searching, critically reviewing and using the literature
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
6 Research design: quantitative methods
7 Research design: qualitative methods
8 Research design: using mixed methods
9 Sampling strategies
10 Designing Descriptive and analytical surveys
11 Designing Case Studies
12 Designing Evaluations
13 Action Research and Change
DATA COLLECTION METHODS
14 Collecting Primary Data: Questionnaires
15 Collecting Primary Data: Interviewing
16 Collecting Primary Data: Non-participant Observation
17 Collecting Primary Data: Ethnography and participant observation
18 Collecting Primary Data: Focus groups
19 Collecting Primary Data: Unobtrusive Measures
ANALYSIS AND REPORT WRITING
20 Secondary analysis
21 Getting started using SPSS
22 Analysing and Presenting Quantitative Data
23 Analysing and Presenting Qualitative Data
24Writing up the Research
25 Planning presentations and vivas
References
Glossary
"

Anormal Psikoloji kitabı, ruhsal bozukluklar alanında çalışan tüm profesyoneller, psikiyatristler, klinik psikologlar, psikologlar, psikolojik danışmanlar, hekimler, sosyal hizmet uzmanları, psikiyatri hemşireleri ve bu alanlarda öğrenci yetiştiren akademisyenler ile eğitim alan öğrenciler için temel bir başvuru kitabıdır.
2013 yılının Mayısı ayında yayımlanan DSM-5 ölçütlerine göre ruhsal bozukluklarla ilgili sunulan bilgilerin güncellemesinin de yapıldığı bu kitap, tüm dünyada pek çok üniversitenin psikiyatri ve psikoloji bölümlerinde ders kitabı olarak okutulmaktadır.
Kitabın her bölümünde, ilk olarak ruhsal bozukluklarla ilgili vakalar sunulmakta, daha sonra bozuklukların klinik tanıları yapılmakta ve DSM-IV-TR’den farklı olan DSM-5’te yapılan değişikliklere yer verilmektedir. Ayrıca, DSM-5’teki tanı ölçütleri, bozuklukların etiyolojisi ve epidemiyolojisi, bozukluklar üzerinde kalıtımın ve çevrenin etkileri, biyolojik ve sosyal ve kültürel etkiler, en güncel araştırmalardan elde edilen verilerle harmanlanarak sunulmaktadır. Ruhsal bozuklukların tedavisinde etkili olacak terapi yaklaşımları ve ilaçla yapılan tedaviler hakkında da bilgiler veren kitap, sahip olduğu zengin içeriği ile eşsiz bir kaynaktır.
Anormal Psikoloji kitabının; profesyoneller ve öğrenciler için önemli bir rehber olacağına, yardıma ihtiyaç duyan insanların sorunlarının çözümüne, ruhsal bozuklukların tanı ve tedavisinde önemli katkılar sağlayacağına inanıyoruz.

Within this article we use the metaphor of the “Research Onion” (Saunders et al., 2012: 128) to illustrate how these final elements (the core of the research onion) need to be considered in relation to other design elements (the outer layers of the research onion).  It is the researcher’s understandings and associated decisions in relation to these outer layers that provide the context and boundaries within which data collection techniques and analysis procedures will be selected. 

Please note, this is the published version and has been uploaded with permission from Karen Moxom (ANLP)

Please note, with Pearson's permission I have uploaded the proofs of chapter 4 for the 7th edition of Research Methods for Business Students (published in August 2015)  to academia.edu.  This contains the latest version of the research onionademia.edu.  The direct link is: https://www.academia.edu/13016419/Research_Methods_for_Business_Students_Chapter_4_Understanding_research_philosophy_and_approaches_to_theory_development_

The paper has developed an ARMA (1,0)-ARCH (2) with non-normal errors for the saving rate of Lesotho for the period of January 1992 to July 2015. Firstly the ARMA model was proposed with the aim of capturing the linear effects and then incorporating the ARCH model for capturing the nonlinearity effects of the saving rating in Lesotho. The paper has also revealed that periods of high volatility had been followed by the periods of low volatility through the Bai-Perron multiple structural break test. The KSS nonlinearity unit root test has also revealed that there is nonlinear unit root in the saving rate. Moreover, the model also indicated that since 1992, the saving rate of Lesotho has been declining at the rate of 97% monthly. In addition, the study has revealed that the saving rate in Lesotho had been affected by the 2007-2010 US financial crisis.

In this teaching document, the following is covered:

> Understanding the term "literature review"
> Starting the literature review.
> Literature review sources
> Understanding the term "academic writing"
> Applying academic writing
> Things to avoid
> Conclusion

The paper discusses analytical applications of the business model canvas (BMC) formulated by Osterwalder & Pigneur [1]. From this model, a methodological tool was devised and used as part of an academic research project, in which the categories (blocks) of the BMC were taken as conceptual categories and further processed through a failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA). The specifics of reversing the business model canvas are examined, since the model was conceived for entrepreneurs and not strictly for the analysis of pre-existing companies. The application of the tool was done within the multidisciplinary mixed methods (quantitative and qualitative) project 'Business dynamics of the audiovisual industry in Bogota', which was carried out from October 2017 to May 2019 at Manuela Beltran University in Bogota, Colombia. The methodological tool was applied to 32 key companies and four institutions of the local audiovisual industry through semi-structured interviews with people in managerial positions. The nine blocks of the BMC were conceptually developed to analyse the empirical data, holding them as internal variables. The assessment of the variables revealed opportunities for the growth and development of the companies and the whole industry, as well as patterns for the existing business models of the companies.

Data collection for research projects often requires a team of data collectors or enumerators. Large-scale surveys at household or community levels, and qualitative research with large numbers of enumerators, require well trained and supported enumerators to achieve the best quality data.

This Oxfam Research Guideline outlines how to recruit, train and work with enumerators. Enumerators are typically asked to administer survey questionnaires or collect information using digital or paper collection modes that are designed to capture information around a research or evaluation question. It is essential that they are well managed and trained: this guide explains key elements of the process and gives links to useful resources.

The research for this was done by an evangelism committee of faculty, staff, and students at Wheaton College. They surveyed the Wheaton community regarding their understanding, perception, and practices of evangelism. Through statistical analysis, this data was then compiled with previous years  to help provide a broader comparative analysis. The presentation has three guiding questions: 1) What is the Wheaton community's perception of evangelism in 2015? 2) What are the evangelistic practices of the Wheaton community in 2015? 3) What differences in these areas can we identify from 2007, to 2010, to 2015?

Ingrian Finnish remigrants’ integration in Finland

This publication presents an overview of the short- and long-term integration of Ingrian Finnish remigrants on the basis of the findings of the INPRES/LADA longitudinal research project, funded by the Academy of Finland. The research started at the pre-migration stage and continued for a period of approximately three years following the migration.


Altogether eight sets of data were collected: the remigrants’ preparation for the remigration and their integration was studied utilizing four survey data sets and three sets of interview data. In addition, one set of interviews was conducted among potential remigrants who remained in Russia.

In addition to integration indicators such as language skills and employment, the publication examines integration from a psychological and social psychological perspective, with a focus on the remigrants’ well-being, values and attitudes, identities and social relationships
as well as their expectations and future outlooks. Research findings are also presented in terms of the pull and push factors of immigration from Russia to Finland.

The research results allow for drawing the general conclusion that, from the perspectives of well-being and social integration, returning migrants have integrated well in Finland. The returnees identify strongly with both Finnish society and Russian culture and have a positive outlook on their future in Finland. The most important factors influencing the decision to re-migrate involved family relations and career opportunities. Challenges related to employment and language skills have nevertheless emerged and, despite their positive expectations, not all remigrants feel that they are treated as full members of Finnish society.

Regarding integration, key factors include not only language skills and the skills necessary for functioning in society, but also positive encounters with other migrants and the majority group. Pleasant contact experiences support integration into society and are reflected
in positive attitudes towards the Finnish majority population and other immigrant groups living in Finland. Active support for the employment opportunities of remigrants is also essential in terms of avoiding a situation where the initially high motivation for integration is squandered due to years of unemployment.

Significance is not only a distinction made in quantitative research, but it is one held by the Christian scholar doing quantitative research as well. Yet for the Christian scholar, the significance level is both statistically and spiritually informed. Three distinctive qualities of the Christian quantitative researcher contribute to the discussion of practical and meaningful significance in research. The three qualities include: a supernatural calling on the researcher’s life; engagement with God on what to research, the research, and how to further research; and the worldview based upon Biblical principles.

In education there are at least three relevant levels of evaluation: the (central) government (output control), assessment coming from external support and internal evaluation. School Autonomy implies especially the latter. Two approaches can be distinguished here: the school as a pedagogical-didactic phenomenon (with the classes as a microcosm) and the school as a whole organization. In this study we focus on the evaluation of the school as an organization. Eight schools that had some experience in self-evaluation were included in the analysis (case studies). Two steps were made. First, using in-depth interviews information was collected about how self-assessment is addressed. Second, some instruments have been offered to these schools in order to verify whether these instruments could be used later to construct a more usable tool. Four self-evaluation instruments were included in the analysis:
1. De lerende organisatie (Van den Broeck);
2. Meso, de school onder de loep (van Aanholt & Buis, 1990);
3. VOKISO, Verkorte Organisatieklimaat-Index voor School-Organisaties (De Cock, Bouwen en De Witte, 1984; Van Assche, 1995);
4. GIL, Guide to Institutional Learning (Dalin; auteursrecht van de Nederlandstalige vertaling (1989) behoort toe aan IMTEC).

Cet ouvrage est destiné aux infirmières et à tous les paramédicaux qui souhaitent entamer une recherche. On assiste aujourd'hui à l'émergence et à l'affirmation d'une culture scientifique au sein du groupe professionnel des paramédicaux. Le monde de la santé a compris ce changement et soutient la recherche infirmière et paramédicale, en particulier au travers des programmes de PHRI.
Mais conduire une recherche ne s’invente pas. Il faut en respecter les règles, il faut être rigoureux, intègre, mais aussi passionné, curieux et organisé. Une recherche se prépare avec soin.
Une bonne préparation du travail de recherche est le garant de sa réussite. De même, une étude bien préparée permet aussi d’obtenir des financements.
L’objectif de cet ouvrage n’a qu’une ambition : se familiariser avec la méthodologie de recherche. Il se veut simple, il comporte de précieux conseils pour aider les infirmières et autres professionnels de la santé à préparer un travail de recherche. Ces conseils sont basés à la fois sur des éléments théoriques, sur la littérature et sur l’expérience des auteurs. Des exemples complètent ces conseils. Les différents chapitres abordent les points suivants :
• Définir et conceptualiser le thème de recherche
• Préparer le travail de recherche
• Rédiger le contexte et présenter la question de recherche
• Elaborer et rédiger la méthode de recherche
• Préparer et rédiger les aspects organisationnels de la recherche mesurés dans un échantillon ?

Un outil indispensable !

Sous la direction de Monique Rothan-Tondeur
ISBN: 978-2-224-03429-6
136pp.

A new technical indicator based on a turnover weighted moving average is applied to estimate the cost basis of market indices. The relationship between the fundamentals of market valuation and the technical factors of market sentiment is combined in a unified cost-basis theory view of how markets behave near critical values of the average profit and loss.

Una aproximación cuantitativa a los perfiles actuales de exclusión social. Abstract: Siguiendo un método cuantitativo y a través de un estudio comparativo, esta investigación tiene por objetivo averiguar hasta qué punto el empleo de las sociedades post-fordistas tiende hacia una exclusión social en la actualidad, en concreto hacia unos perfiles determinados de exclusión social. A través de este estudio se pretenden poner de manifiesto las tendencias actuales hacia la exclusión social. El presente trabajo persigue saber si, después de los cambios causados por la crisis del Fordismo, el empleo juega un papel esencial en la configuración y definición de la exclusión. Este proyecto trata de analizar, a través de unas premisas cuantitativas, los posibles perfiles actuales de la gente que consideramos excluida socialmente. En otras palabras, tal y como sugiere la literatura en nuestra investigación, intentaremos realizar un sistema de perfiles actuales de la exclusión social mediante un estudio cuantitativo. Palabras Clave: Exclusión social, Perfiles actuales, Crisis del Fordismo, Estudio cuantitativo. Introducción La exclusión social puede entenderse como el resultado de una serie de factores y procesos complejos de difícil definición. Durante los años 70 y 80, el indicador de empleo sufrió una ruptura en la sociedad provocando nuevas formas en la estructura social, ocupacional, en la economía y en las relaciones sociales de los individuos. Esta investigación tiene por objetivo averiguar hasta qué punto el empleo de las sociedades post-fordistas tiende hacia la definición de la exclusión social de los individuos en nuestras sociedades contemporáneas. Es decir, si el empleo obedece o no a las circunstancias contemporáneas en las que se desarrolla el proceso de exclusión social.

Past research yields mixed evidence regarding whether ethnoracial minorities trust physicians less than Whites. Using the 2002 and 2006 General Social Surveys, variegated ethnoracial differences in trust in physicians are identified by disaggregating a multidimensional physician trust scale. Compared to Whites, Blacks are less likely to trust the technical judgment and interpersonal competence of doctors. Latinos are less likely than Whites to trust the fiduciary ethic, technical judgment, and interpersonal competence of doctors. Black-Latino differences in physician trust are a function of ethnoracial differences in parental nativity. The ways ethnoracial hierarchies are inscribed into power-imbalanced clinical exchanges are discussed.

Trans*, Non-Binary, and Gender Non-Conforming individuals and communities are often rendered invisible within quantitative data; silenced and stifled by binary gender options, an inability to indicate transitions (i.e. grouped in with Cisgender individuals), being limited to selecting one gender, or lumped into categories as part of research designs rather than in accordance with who they are. They also run the risk of being treated as part of a monolith, with their unique lived experiences unexplored and intersectional analysis unpursued. Although accommodating diverse genders presents considerable challenges for statistical analysis, these obstacles are surmountable and must be challenged in order to gather vital data. This paper will provide an overview of the design, dissemination, and analysis of a survey focused on Gender Minority students in Irish third-level institutions. Focus will be paid to the demographic results of the survey and the growing complexity of gender identity (e.g. nearly a quarter of respondents selecting multiple genders). The paper will also highlight the challenges posed by the findings (e.g. conducting analysis on 18 different genders) and how the research team attempted to address them while maintaining a commitment to empowering each respondent’s voice, thereby providing suggested practices for future surveys. The paper will conclude by stressing the importance of quantitative data for designing effective policies, especially in terms of LGBTQIA+ healthcare, public safety, and educational inclusion.

PurposeWith the change in global and local markets and the emergence of new types of careers such as protean careers (which are values‐driven), individual values (i.e. citizenship behaviors, altruistic standards, and helping activities) seem to have a growing effect on decisions people make about significant choices in their lives such as the choice of a career. The authors apply a theory of protean career and citizenship/altruistic behavior to study career choices and career development amongst an international sample of MBA and MPA students. It is expected that values may lead to career choices in early stages of vocational search, but career choices and development may also affect one's values during the training process, especially during educational and professional schooling. This paper aims to focus on the issues surrounding career choice.Design/methodology/approachThe study focuses on the first stage of the process of career choice at the beginning of MBA/MPA studies. A ...