Real Estate Development

Celem artykułu jest analiza ryzyka związanego z inwestowaniem w tzw. nieruchomości obciążone, a więc ryzyka jakie związane jest z zakupem nieruchomości: wraz z lokatorami, ze służebnością przejazdu i przejścia lub przesyłu, z ukrytą wadą prawną, będącej zabytkiem, poprzez
licytację komorniczą oraz w związku ze zbyciem nieruchomości przez dłużnika.

Sebagai kota dengan visi menjadi kota jasa bertaraf international, Jakarta memiliki wilayah segitiga emas sebagai kawasan bisnis utama/CBD, yaitu di sekitar Jl.Sudirman/Thamrin, Jl. Kuningan/Rasuna Said dan Jl. Gatot Subroto DKI Jakarta. Terhitung sejak tahun 1960-an-2007 terdapat 138 gedung tinggi yang berfungsi sebagai perkantoran di CBD. Gedung tinggi yang dimaksud adalah gedung yang secara fisik memiliki 6 lantai atau lebih. Gedung perkantoran di CBD yang baru-baru ini diluncurkan adalah Sudirman Plaza, Menara Kuningan, Menara Satrio, Menara Prima, SCTV Tower dan Sentral Senayan 2. Tren wilayah metropolitan saat ini adalah meluasnya gedung perkantoran ke wilayah pinggiran kota. Gejala perluasan kawasan perkantoran atau office sprawl telah mulai terjadi di berbagai belahan dunia, Robert E.Lang (2003) telah membuktikan dengan melakukan survey di 13 metropolitan dunia dan menemukan kecenderungan penempatan lokasi perkantoran ke wilayah pinggiran kota. Salah satunya di South Florida, perluasan kawasan perkantoran ke wilayah pinggiran terjadi karena beberapa hal, diantaranya misi kota untuk mencapai lingkungan yang berkelanjutan dan makmur, misi ini pada dasarnya bertujuan mewariskan alam dalam kondisi cukup atau lebih baik dari saat ini, untuk itu diperlukan efisiensi dari berbagai hal, diantaranya konsumsi bahan bakar yang digunakan para pekerja untuk mencapai kantor. Di wilayah ini, perluasan wilayah perkantoran juga terjadi karena upah yang didapat pekerja tidak mencukupi untuk tinggal di tengah kota, sehingga harus menetap di pinggiran kota. Kondisi ini menyebabkan kawasan perkantoran yang tadinya terpusat di tengah kota harus bergeser ke pinggiran untuk mendekati kawasan permukiman para pekerja. Kondisi di atas nampaknya sudah mulai terjadi di Jakarta, selain di wilayah CBD, kawasan luar CBD yang paling agresif untuk perkantoran diantaranya di Kelurahan Mampang, koridor Jl. Dewi Sartika, koridor Jl. MT Haryono, koridor S. Parman, koridor arteri Permata Hijau dan koridor Jl. TB Simatupang. Gedung perkantoran di luar CBD yang baru saja selesai pembangunannya adalah Menara Kencana di Jakarta Barat. Pada tahun 2007, Syaukat, SF (2007) menemukan bahwa pada tahun 1985 pola sebaran gedung perkantoran di DKI Jakarta adalah terpusat (core dominated) di wilayah CBD, sementara setelah tahun 1985-2005 mulai tersebar (dispersed) ke luar wilayah CBD. Merujuk pada penelitian ini yang menggunakan klasifikasi sebaran perkantoran berdasarkan Lang (2000), disebutkan bahwa refleksi setiap jenjang klasifikasi Lang (core dominated, balanced, dispersed dan edgeless) di Jakarta berlaku setiap kurun waktu sepuluh tahun. Hal ini berarti dalam sepuluh tahun mendatang terhitung dari tahun 2005, yaitu tahun 2015 pola persebaran gedung perkantoran akan mengarah ke pinggiran kota (edgeless). Masih dari sumber yang sama didapatkan bahwa, umumnya perkantoran yang terletak di luar CBD bertahan di lokasi tersebut karena menghindari kepadatan lalu lintas di CBD,

The purpose of this textbook is to teach real estate law not as some amalgamation of abstract, static legal concepts but, instead, to teach real estate law within the context of the dynamics of real estate development and finance, through a framework I have developed and refer to throughout the book as The Development Process. What is presented in this textbook is not what is taught in most American law schools, with curricula offering a range of individual, albeit related, topics, such as Real Property Law, Contracts, Federal Taxation, and Environmental Law, among others, that provide little context for law students as to how these disciplines intersect with and impact The Development Process.

Rather than offering in-depth discussions of law school subjects such as “servitudes” and “estates in land” in Real Property Law or “fraud in the inducement” in Contracts, this textbook instead offers a much broader treatment of real estate law as an overarching discipline impacting and driving the development and financing of real estate projects. This is done with considerable intention, to facilitate an understanding of the true breadth of the subject matter by graduate students seeking a master’s degree in real estate development and finance or an MBA with a concentration in real estate (to whom this textbook is specifically targeted), as well as to assist the real estate executive or professional in gaining a more comprehensive understanding of how real estate law impacts their endeavors.

Neither real estate development nor The Development Process is ever about just one thing: Real estate development is always about a thousand different things, big and small, occurring simultaneously; some within the developer’s control but many occurring independently of the developer and its project. Part of the allure, as well as the challenge, of real estate development—as a process and as a profession—is the need to keep a number of balls in the air at the same time, always knowing where each ball is and to where it is heading next. In this respect, real estate development and finance can be one of the most-rewarding—and most-maddening—professional endeavors one may pursue.

Bangladesh experienced faster urbanization in South Asia between 2000 and 2010. Over that period, the share of its population living in officially classified urban settlements increased by 1.69 percent a year, according to World Bank (2015). This pace of urbanization increases the demand for housing.

This report was prepared for the Toronto Workforce Innovation Group (TWIG). It examines relevant worksite and occupational profiles in Toronto's construction sector. It draws attention to what a more sustainable construction sector, that is more inclusive and responsive to all relevant stakeholders, would look like. The report is divided into two principle sections: (1) a general overview of work in Toronto’s construction sector, and (2) an overview of key occupations, as well as current and projected labour market needs and trends.

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India has a population base of 1.37 billion, and 461 million live in its urban areas. It is projected that 416 million will be added to its urban areas between 2018 and 2050, while rural population numbers will decline by 111 million (UN 2019). The McKinsey Global Institute (2010) estimated that by 2030, over 590 million people in India will live in cities, with 68 cities alone having more than one million residents each. Furthermore, over 70% of the net new jobs will be in cities and a whopping $1.2 trillion will be required to finance urban infrastructure...... ........Ahmedabad has advanced several planning initiatives and followed progressive planning agendas. It undertook regulatory reforms and strategically executed successful large-scale complex public infrastructure and land development programs....... This chapter discusses five planning initiatives and best practices that were compiled using archival analysis of public documents, websites, secondary sources, and the authors’ own observational research and several years of professional planning experience in the city. The initiatives are as follows: 1) Addressing urban poor via “Slum Networking Program (SNP)” using public-private partnerships 2) Planning and implementing Complete Street design ideas for a two-mile stretch of “C.G. Road Redevelopment (CGRR)” using public-private partnerships 3) Implementing master plan proposals via “Land readjustment at the urban neighborhood scale” while increasing supply of developable urban land by installing infrastructure 4) Planning and implementing a 200-foot wide, 47-mile long “Sardar Patel Ring Road (SPRR)” without land acquisition and displacement in a partially self-financing way using land readjustment 5) Planning and implementing a 12-mile long “Sabarmati River Front Development (SRFD)” by channelizing river and reclaiming riverbed to create land for development and self- financing...

Strict policy control and real estate market downturn affects large-scale real estate enterprises performance. We surveyed large Chinese real estate enterprises and the internal factors that affect their competitiveness. Verified by the hierarchical regression and structural equation modelling approach, the results mainly show that profitability, capital ability, management and operation ability, human resource ability, brand name, and innovation ability play positive roles in the competitiveness of large real estate enterprises. Management and operation ability plays an intermediary role between human resources and the improvement of competitiveness. Real estate enterprises’ capital sources play an intermediary role between brand names and the improvement of competitiveness. Moreover, landbank area and quality and sales are three major factors that impact the competitiveness improvement of real estate enterprises, while the ability for marketing innovation and the payment collection of enterprises has a relatively small impact. All in all, this paper provides practical implications concerning factors that affect the competitiveness of large real estate enterprises. The findings are helpful to improve the sustainable development of real estate enterprises in the future. As research on factors that affect large-scale real estate enterprises is scarce, this study aims to fill this gap.

Dân số nhập cư về thành phố HCM tă ng nhanh một cách chóng mặt dẫn đến nhu cầu cấp thiết về vấn đề nhà tă ng cao, nhưng tài chính của người dân lại tương đối thấp chưa có đủ điều kiện để sở hữu mái ấm cho mình. Vinhome Grand Park (Vincity quận 9) ra đời như một giải pháp đáp ứng, giải quyết hết tâm tư sâu thẩm của người dân. Dự án sẽ biến ước mơ An cư-Lạc nghiệp của nhiều người trong tầm tay bạn. Dự án khu đô thị "hot" nhất nă m 2019 Vinhome Grand Park (Vincity quận 9) sẽ được mở bán vào quý II/2019. Dự án đã làm sôi sục, thu hút nhà đầu tư Bất Động Sản từ những ngày đầu nă m 2017 cho đến nay. Đây là dự án được rất nhiều nhà đầu tư, nhiều cư dân chờ đợi háo hức trong 2 nă m liền. Dự án được nhiều lần ấp ủ dự định mở bán, nay chủ đầu tư đã đưa ra 1 thông báo ấm lòng cho niềm chờ đợi của mọi người. Dự án Vinhome Grand Park (Vincity quận 9) được toạ lạc tại vị trí trung tâm quận 9 với quy mô diện tích lên tới 300ha gồm 71 toà nhà, gần 44.000 că n hộ chia thành 4 phân khu. Sau thành công vang dội của dự án cao cấp Vinhome Central Park, Vinhome Grand Park sẽ hứa hẹn làm biến động, làm thay đổi hoàn toàn bộ mặt quận 9 trên thị trường Bất Động Sản nă m 2019. Dự án Khu đô thị Vinhome Grand Park (Vincity quận 9) được chủ đầu tư nhắm vào đa dạng các phân khúc từ thấp đến cao. Chủ yếu là vào phân khúc tầm trung giá trẻ những gia đình có mức lương thấp. Đây sẽ là dự án giá hạt dẻ nhưng chất lượng nằm trong tiêu chuẩn 5 sao, sẽ làm thay đổi hoàn toàn tư duy về că n hộ giá rẻ của nhiều nhà đầu tư. Tổng quan về dự án Vinhome Grand Park (Vincity quận 9) Tên dự án: Vinhome Grand Park (Vincity quận 9) Chủ đầu tư: Tập đoàn Vingroup Đơn vị xây dựng (nhà thầu): Coteccons Đơn vị thiết kế: Artelia Vị trí dự án: Mặt tiền đường Nguyễn Xiển, Phường Long Thạnh Mỹ, Quận 9, Tp.HCM Tổng diện tích đất: 300ha Mật độ xây dựng: Từ 20%-25% Số Block và số tầng: Gồm 71 block cao từ 22-25 tầng Số căn hộ: 44.000 căn hộ, 1.700 căn nhà phố và biệt thự, 500 căn shophouse Loại hình đầu tư: Căn hộ chung cư, nhà phố, biệt thự, shophouse. Giá bán: Đang được chủ đầu tư cập nhật Diện tích căn hộ: Từ 43-81 m2 (từ 1-3 PN) Dự kiến mở bán: Quý II/2019 Ngân hàng hỗ trợ: Techcombank-cho vay 80% giá trị căn hộ thời gian 35 năm Dự kiến bàn giao: Quý IV/2020

The innovation economy is proving to be a huge disruptor and opportunity for cities, businesses and the real estate sector.

Cities around the world are seeking to accommodate the needs of a new generation of technology powered industries and firms, whose innovation model depends on proximity and whose talent pool explicitly prefer urban locations and lifestyles. Such cities are motivated to host a larger slice of this innovation economy in order to grow a new base of jobs, adjust to the process of industrial change, or to leverage technology for the big challenges of sustainability, resilience, and social cohesion. Many are trying to raise their innovation profile by focusing investment and promotion on new ‘innovation districts’, locations within their city where the innovation economy might cluster and concentrate.

Rotterdam is a city for whom the innovation economy is essential to the creation of additional jobs, to enhance its international visibility, and to encourage innovation in city management. Like many other cities around the world, Rotterdam is trying to raise its profile by focusing investment and promotion on new ‘innovation districts’, locations within the city where the innovation economy might develop and expand.

To explore its longer-term strategy to establish the city as a centre for innovation, it partnered with ULI to organise a one-day workshop that brought together an international group of practitioners with expertise working on urban innovation districts.

The workshop looked at issues such as:
• the ingredients of a long-term strategy for a city to build its innovation capacity,
• the roles of government and market factors,
• the links between innovation districts, placemaking and land use and
• how cities can build an innovation identity
and visibility.

This report further explores these topics inspired by the experience and examples of Munich, San Diego and Tel Aviv, as well as offering a number of recommendations to support Rotterdam’s strategy for its innovation ecosystem and its key districts. Munich is a city in a third cycle as a city of innovation, San Diego is into a second cycle, and Tel Aviv is enjoying a first full cycle. This allows different kinds of lessons to be learned from their experience.

Investment funds first appeared in the Netherlands in the late 18th century for the purpose of financing trade expeditions. The first modern fund was established in the United States, Massachusetts in 1924, in his first year of formation increased by 50,000 to 392,000 US dollars.
For Mark Tompkins of Montrose Capital is obvious that the time of investment funds in the country is yet to come. Trust is basically divided into indoor and outdoor (mutual funds) and private funds (hedge funds). According to the number and importance to have the dominant open funds. Private funds like Mark Tompkins Montrose Capital INC however, came twenty years later, also in the United States. After their features, these vary from open on the possibility to sell shares on the stock market (which is not allowed in the open funds) and thus effectively reduce the risk of existing positions (hedging), hence the name Hegde Fund. This feature is extremely important for Montrose Capital because in terms of a general decline in share prices on the stock exchange, private funds can still make profit (selling higher level and closing short positions at a lower price). The growth of Mark Tompkins Montrose Capital in recent times is accompanied by enormous growth in funds under management because of the exceptional techniques for hedging and introducing innovations in financial intermediation. Because these features are said hedge funds are able to generate alpha refund, which is an exercise over a benchmark such as yield annually the index S & P, and is due exclusively to the ability of Montrose Capital portfolio managers to create unique portfolios and strategies .

Mutual Funds industry in India is steadily growing in the ongoing reforms era, particularly since the 2000s when the industry has witnessed many innovations. However, Real Estate Funds(REFs) and its variants like Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) which are quite similar to mutual funds by structure are yet to pick up momentum in India, in spite of their tremendous growth potential; given the very low mortgage penetration in the country. Investments in REFs or REITs can offer significantly higher returns in India as against similar investment in developed nations. Accordingly, if properly developed REFs or REITs can significantly support the growth of residential real estate sector in India by attracting greater investment into this sector. Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), the regulatory authority in respect of securities market in India, has been trying to develop these innovative models for financing over the last few years. Its first attempt to bring in REITs in 2007 was not complete. Likewise, the second attempt of SEBI in 2008 to bring in a REIT regime in the REMF format was also not very successful for want of interest from the investors. Of late, as part of its third initiative SEBI has been successful in releasing the Draft of the Real Estate Investment Trust Regulations, 2013 and gathering the public comments on the above draft. SEBI has so far done a commendable job in taking into account international models and views of stakeholders. As SEBI is about to formally introduce the REIT regime in India in the early 2014, this paper makes a closer look into the features of the proposed REIT regulations, limitations thereof and accordingly suggests strategies to attract more investors into this innovative financial instrument; thus facilitating fast and sustained growth of housing and real estate sector in India, and hence the overall economic development of the whole nation.
Key Terms: Housing and Real Estate Sector, Housing Finance, SEBI, REFs, REITs

Сегодня активно развивается сфера недвижимости, появляется множество жилых и офисных знаний. Не является исключением и Нижегородская область, где действует несколько крупных девелоперских компаний. В России зачастую путают девелоперов и застройщиков, но необходимо понимать, что сфера деятельности первых значительно шире. Она включает в себя не только строительство объекта недвижимости, но и согласование документации, маркетинговый анализ рынка, а также всестороннюю деятельность по продаже или сдаче помещений в аренду.
В рамках своей деятельности девелоперская компания всегда сталкивается с вопросом правильной оценки стоимости недвижимости. Оценивать такую недвижимость лучше всего на основе рыночных данных, так как они содержат в себе информацию о реальной готовности покупателей платить. Среди рыночных методов оценки стоимости недвижимости при наличии у объекта множества важных параметров (которые надо отразить в цене) одним из лучших методов ценообразования является построение эконометрической модели.
Для данного исследования была выбрана информация по ценам и параметрам квартир, которые реализует девелоперская компания «Столица Нижний». Для исследования были отобраны четыре дома в новом жилом комплексе «Седьмое небо». В выборку попали все квартиры данного жилого комплекса. Как правило, все указанные квартиры отличаются хотя бы по одному из параметров – цене, площади, этажу, числу комнат, поэтому в выборку не попали полностью одинаковые наблюдения, каждое из представленных индивидуально. Цель данного эссе – построить модель, которая позволяет по заданным характеристикам прогнозировать цену на квартиру в строящемся доме, а также обсудить качество данной модели.

Forget about conventional property development courses. Sure, they’ll teach you about some of the nuts and bolts and what is involved in property development, but there’s a whole lot more that is required for you to know before getting started in property development. It is not just the what? But also, the “How to” of getting started in property development.
The Property Development System, on the other hand, takes a much more holistic approach, providing novice developers with a complete step-by-step guide to property development, from start to finish, that any beginner can follow. Property Development System mimics the way an actual property development project unfolds.

Our experience speaks for itself and our achievements show, how we do it. Best Property Developer in Cambodia, We strive to deliver projects by developing sustainable residential and industrial community-based projects that are progressive and high quality, within key growth corridors across Cambodia that are well serviced by transport, infrastructure and amenity. Our Property Development experience is known across Phnom Penh & Sihanoukville in recent years. We are the Property Development Consultancy pioneers of Cambodia.https://furi-corp.com/

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Owning a property is definitely one of the exciting investments, but managing property needs much of the efforts. Just putting the board of 'To Let' outside your property won't help. You need to put a lot more efforts than this, if you are looking for faster occupancy.

Das neue ukrainische Gesetz „Über städtische Bebauungsaktivitäten“, welches im Februar 2011 unterzeichnet, jedoch erst am 12. März 2011 in Kraft getreten ist, versucht das alte bürokratische und zentralistische Gesetz durch ein moderneres und unbürokratischeres zu ersetzen. Der nachfolgende Artikel widmet sich dem neuen Gesetz und stellt die Änderungen von ebendiesem dar.

Departing from the analysis of the forms of space production, we will seek to discuss real estate development as the driving force in the real estate dynamics. We believe that the characteristics assumed by this particular type of real estate production - dominated by large real estate developers – consolidated real estate development as a relevant object to the comprehension and critical interpretation of the production of space.
In order to understand the meaning of this new role played by real estate development, we will first recollect its theoretical conceptualization and then advance the discussion on its current issues and boundaries. Consolidated as a privileged mean of centralization of capital in the production of space, real estate development begins to dominate the other forms of space production. In that context, the investigation of the strategies practiced by development agents allows us to illuminate the vertiginous process of real estate appreciation which, articulated to new and emerging spatial forms, imposes determinant dynamics to the process of metropolization.

In order for businesses to remain competitive today, they can no longer ignore the need to participate in some form of Corporate Social Responsibility. On the heels of the momentous COP21 Climate Change Conference in Paris, both the private and public sector came together to decree that there must be a change in regards to strain that the markets and people put on their environment. This study looks at Corporate Social Responsibility and Sustainability (CSR&S) in the real estate development sector, through the use of the Global Real Estate Sustainability Benchmark (GRESB) survey, to understand how this field can adapt to growing environmental concerns and the need to incorporate the larger CSR considerations into the business model. This study primarily used qualitative data through the use of interviews, a survey assessment and research comparison. The findings of the paper indicate that CSR&S is standardized across the Real Estate Field and the GRESB Survey is able to accurately administer these measurements in its survey assessment.

"With the rapid development of real estate markets under globalization and exponential competitive market conditions, risk evaluation has been one of the most important tasks in the process of real estate investment valuation. This paper describes the relationship between construction permit uncertainties and real estate development projects by using the Decision Tree Analysis (DTA) approach. Expected Value (EV) criterion for an office development project proposed and incorporated into conventional Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) analysis which are determined by DTA. This will help utility function to come closer to the real world, so that decision making and risk analysis can be done based on the real and possible data providing better conditions for investors. The results are consistent with the results calculated by conventional DCF analysis. However research demonstrates that is of application DTA obviate the deficiencies of conventional DCF analysis under construction permit delays and scheduling uncertainties. Results also emphasize the importance of applying EV and DTA for the construction permit delays generate a significant change in NPV of real estate development projects.
Key Words: Real Estate Development, Valuation, Decision Tree Analysis, Expected Value"

Three months ago, no one would have believed that a virus could cause tens of thousands of deaths worldwide and bring major economies to their knees. Sadly, it became more of a bitter reality. Our way of life and social interaction will never be the same again and our way of conducting business will certainly be different in many aspects. The impact of covid-19 on world economy has been horrendous. The International Monetary Fund "IMF" estimates that the world has already entered a recession that will be far worse than the global financial crisis in 2008. Hence, the world economic outlook doesn't seem to be bright in the short and mid-terms. Many industries will suffer from the economic shock caused by the covid-19 pandemic, including real estate. In this unusual context, it is relevant to discuss the prospects regarding the dynamic of the real estate market in Morocco, on the light of the unforeseeable economic impacts that might arise from this pandemic. Many Moroccan real estate operators were hoping for 2020 to be the year of a long-awaited recovery of the property market, as the sector's main indicators 1 have been underperforming for almost 6 years. In 2019 alone, property transactions decreased by 10.80% 2 , the market supply dropped by 4.23%, and Foreign Direct Investment "FDI" in real estate shrank by a staggering 25.07%, all asset classes combined. In view of this current economic turmoil, it appears unrealistic to expect a quick upturn in the upcoming months. This is mainly due to the uncertainty regarding the end of this pandemic and the risk of a second wave of infections. Consequently, the market's response witnesses delays in decision making on both sides, supply and demand. The lockdown measures, implemented by the government in order to contain the virus's expansion, have had a negative impact on real estate, such as:-A significant decrease in property transactions, estimated to 95% 3 ,-Major disruption in the construction supply chain due to the home confinement of the workforce and a decrease in the flow of construction materials. This situation has caused many construction projects to be suspended sine die,-Several assignments frozen for real estate professionals, namely those whose scope of work involves site investigation (e.g. surveyors), contact with clients (e.g. agents or architects), or consulting public institutions to accomplish legal formalities or pay taxes and fees (e.g. notaries). Considering this current economic momentum, it is injudicious to make assumptions about the market's mid and long-terms dynamics. Listed below is a proposed brief assessment of the immediate implications of this crisis by real estate sector.

Many cities around the world are seeking an enhanced presence of the emerging innovation economy in order to grow a new base of jobs, adjust to industrial change, or leverage technology to address sustainability, resilience, and social cohesion. In the current cycle, cities are focusing investment and promotion on new ‘innovation districts’, locations within the city where the innovation economy may develop and expand. However, not all cities have the endowment, ecosystem, or expertise to host them.

As part of a collaboration between ULI and the City of Rotterdam, this case study was developed to highlight specific attributes that other international cases could highlight to inform the development of the Rotterdam Innovation District so that it will foster an innovation ecosystem and build a long-term strategy to establish itself as centre for innovation. The international cases to compare with Rotterdam are the following:
Munich, which has a mature innovation system that is now in its third cycle as a city of innovation; San Diego, California, which has an innovation economy that is now reurbanising and which has leading governance institutions that are actively building a new identity around innovation and global opportunities; and
Tel Aviv, which has experienced a full cycle of innovation system growth over the past 30 years and has built a distinctive innovation brand.

Three overriding research questions informed the four case studies:
• What roles are played by city governments, landowners, and investors in building an innovation economy, creating new innovation districts, and sustaining them over time?
• How do land use, placemaking, and real estate help support the innovation economy, and how can they contribute to making a city more liveable and attractive?
• How do branding, communication, and promotion of the city’s innovation focus help build identity and successfully attract investors and businesses?

Rotterdam finds itself in a place in which innovation is essential to answering its present and future challenges in the fields of inclusivity, resilience, and economy. The city is challenged by relatively high unemployment and a shortage of skilled workers and environmental issues regarding air quality and pollution and flooding. The redevelopment of former port areas close to the city is seen as an opportunity to explore the Next Economy.
The Rotterdam Innovation District (RID) consists of the RDM Campus, where innovation is university, industry, and government partners who reuse industrial heritage buildings of a former shipyard, and Merwe-Vierhavens (M4H), a partly abandoned waterfront where makers and startups are pioneers who explore the opportunities of the vast site. In 2015, both areas on opposite shores of the river were launched as one innovation district.
But because no direct public transport RDM to M4H takes around 30 minutes. Along with limited placemaking and mixed-use construction, interaction or collaboration between both sub-districts is rare and limits innovation development and growth. RDM and M4H today are part of one innovation district label, but the RID developers have a long way to go to shape them into one Rotterdam Innovation District.

Unlike existing textbooks written for law students on specific subjects affecting real estate transactions, Real Estate Law: Fundamentals for The Development Process uses “The Development Process” as a framework for understanding how the U.S. legal system regulates, facilitates, and generally impacts real estate transactions and their outcomes.

This book not only addresses the nature of specific legal issues directly
relating to real estate transactions but also how those issues may best be identified and addressed in advance. This book breaks down the myriad of laws influencing the selection, acquisition, development, financing, ownership, and management of real estate, and presents them in context.

This document, available for download, contains the following sections from Real Estate Law: Fundamentals for The Development Process:

Real Estate Law (textbook introduction)
[Peer Reviews]
[Dedication Page]
Table of Contents
Detailed Table of Contents
[Table of] Figures
[Listing of] Tables
Foreword

The project outline the background and development of Indian real estate sector providing the roadway ahead for investors to improvise their portfolios via an alternative investment wherein how the government of India and its introduction to new policies and regulation has impacted the sector investment. With improving GDP, Indian real estate is figured as attractive opportunity for foreign investment and improvisation of better channels of investments are expected to lift the sector to contribute healthy to country’s economic condition and investors returns.
The research project details the study of government policies and initiatives for further improvisation and development of real estate in the previous year. Wherein their proposal as per SEBI consultation paper to outcast the introduction of REIT’s and crowdfunding provides the future roadmap for real estate sector via detail comparative analysis comparative analysis.

This article investigates how rent gaps are created in Beirut, Lebanon, and makes a two-fold argument. First, it argues that rent gaps are created by state-legitimized power and agents of capital through the legal framework, and that the role of location in deter- mining differences between potential ground rents, so salient in Beirut, demonstrates the complementarity of neoclassical land rent theory and rent gap theory. Second, it argues that beyond the legal framework, rent gaps in Beirut are formed through informal, illegal and exceptionalist practices as well as civil, sectarian conflict and forced displacement. This extends the range of forces to consider when thinking about what creates and shapes rent gaps. The paper emphasizes the necessity of a critical perspective on the ways in which value in urban space is created in the interests of the state and agents of capital, while attuning rent gap theory to a more global perspective.

'The Changing State of Gentrification' (2001) by Jason Hackworth and the late Neil Smith is one of the most influential papers ever published in TESG. By introducing three waves, or periods, of practices and patterns of gentrification, it changed the way we think about gentrification. This Introduction to the Forum discusses the three waves introduced by Hackworth and Smith as well as fourth wave introduced by Lees et al. Finally, I will argue that during the global financial crisis we have entered fifth-wave gentrification. Fifth-wave gentrification is the urban materialization of financialized or finance-led capitalism. The state continues to play a leading role during the fifth wave, but is now supplemented—rather than displaced—by finance. It is characterized by the emergence of corporate landlords, highly leveraged housing, platform capitalism (e.g. Airbnb), transnational wealth elites using cities as a 'safe deposit box', and a further 'naturalization' of state-sponsored gentrification.

ABSTRACT
This paper is concerned with solving the problem of indiscriminate location of telecommunication masts in Lagos Island Local Government, Lagos Nigeria. The study shows that in most cases, the masts were sited without regards to the stipulated Town Planning and Nigerian Communication Commission (NCC) regulations. Therefore the non compliant masts poses various degrees of dangers for the nearby residents and occupants of nearby houses. Various strategies were suggested as ways of mitigating the indiscriminate location of telecom masts in the study area.

The urban experiences of South Korea in times of its rapid urbanisation and economic growth show that wholesale redevelopment had been a dominant approach to urban renewal, leading to redevelopment-induced gentrification. This was led by a programme known as the Joint Redevelopment Programme, transforming urban space that was once dominated by informal settlements into high-rise commercial housing estates. This paper tries to explain how this approach was possible at city-wide scale in its capital city, Seoul. Through the examination of redevelopment processes in a case study neighbourhood, it puts forward three arguments. First, the development potential arising from the rent gap expansion through under-utilisation of dilapidated neighbourhoods provided material conditions for the sustained implementation of property-based redevelopment projects. Second, this paper critically examines the dynamics of socio-political relations among various property-based interests embedded in redevelopment neighbourhoods, and argues that external property-based interests have enabled the full exploitation of development opportunities at the expense of poor owner-occupiers and tenants. Third, South Korea had been noted for its strong developmental state with minimum attention to redistributive social policies. The Joint Redevelopment Programme in Seoul was effectively a market-oriented, profit-led renewal approach, in line with a national housing strategy that favoured increased housing production and home-ownership at the expense of local poor residents’ housing needs.

This paper analyses methods used for the evaluation
of sites as part of location strategies for corporations.
Based on the available methods for site selection,
which are pointed out, a comprehensive model for
the analysis of manufacturing sites is developed and
explained in detail. The internationally applicable
model consists of ten phases. The application of
common evaluation methods is explored and
assessed. This paper is complemented by a separate
paper (Part II), which will be published subsequently
and will show the application of the methodology
and prove its practicability through an
international case study. It is the aim of these two
papers to seek understanding of the challenges
attached to site selection processes and, as a result
thereof, achieve substantially improved results from
future site selection projects or location strategies.

Development of Mobile technology, the surge in the use of social media networks and easiness to interact with potential clients are the prime reasons for every realtor to choose social media as vital part of their business. Social Media Real estate is very important as it helps to increase business visibility and build trust among clients.