Transfer

Forensic geoscience is concerned with the analysis of geological materials in order to compare and exclude environmental samples from a common source, or to identify an unknown provenance in a criminal investigation. Diatom analysis is currently an underused technique within the forensic geoscience approach, which has the potential to provide an independent ecological assessment of trace evidence. This study presents empirical data to provide a preliminary evidence base in order to be able to understand the nature of diatom transfers to items of clothing, and the collection of transferred diatom trace evidence from a range of environments under experimental conditions. Three diatom extraction methods were tested on clothing that had been in contact with soil and water sites: rinsing in water (RW), rinsing in ethanol (RE), and submersion in H2O2 solution (H). Scanning electron microscopy (S.E.M.) analysis was undertaken in order to examine the degree of diatom retention on treated cl...

Issues that will shape the future of higher education institutions and new trends in campus architecture were the themes of a recent international seminar. Francisco Marmolejo, former consultant to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), presents here an ...

This monograph examines some of the aspects of language differentiation, code-switching and vocabulary acquisition in children exposed to multiple languages and briefly presents empirical observations of how the meaning of words is construed in multilingual environments.  The study observes two sibling toddlers (ages 5½ and 3½) growing up exposed to Slovak, German, English, Spanish and Italian.  Short dialogs between the children and the caregivers illustrate features of code-switching, code-mixing and borrowing as well as bilingual vocabulary acquisition, specifically identification of meaning, interference, transfer and borrowing, translation equivalents and errors bilingual children make in vocabulary usage.

This paper examines three sources of knowledge in the acquisition of English articles by second language (L2) learners: L1-transfer, L2-input and Universal Grammar (UG). The paper examines patterns of English article (mis)use among L2-English learners whose L1 either has ...

This study explored the oral interlanguage proficiencies of the Cebuano-Bisaya speaking college students who have ventured into majoring the two second languages. Moreover, this study analyzed the crosslinguistic influences of their languages as they orally narrate in English and Filipino, based on a short silent film. Twenty third year BSEd Communication Arts Major in English-Filipino students were purposively selected to participate in the study. Their interlanguage proficiency was rated by two sets of English and Filipino instructors. Further, Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient (PP-MCC) was incorporated to determine the correlational relationship between the students' performance in the said languages. Results revealed that the participants' oral proficiencies are higher in Filipino than in English revealing that oral interlanguage proficiencies of the learners in one language do not entail proficiencies in the second. Consequently, phonological, lexical and syntactic negative transfers were evident in the oral discourse of Cebuano bilinguals.

The aim of this study was to survey the effect of arousal by the presence of audience and music and their comparison on learning and performance of basketball dribbling. Subjects were 36 healthy and non-athlete girls (mean and SD of age 21.8±2.23 years, height 163.4±6.19cm and weight 57.5±10.13kg) were divided into three groups of audience (n=12), music (n=12) and control (n=12) randomly. Training protocol in the acquisition stage included basketball dribbling of Harrison test for 6 weeks, 3 sessions per week, and 30 seconds per session with the presence of motivational factors in separate groups. Score of dribbling test was record per session, then posttest was carried out and finally after two weeks of detraining, retention test was performed in the same condition and transfer test like the real condition of competitions (with the presence of music and audience) was performed 24 hours later. Rest heart rate index was used to maintain the subjects in the same level of arousal. To analyze the data, one-way ANOVA test, ANOVA with repeated measures and Bonferroni post hoc test was used. Results showed that all groups improved their skill learning in the acquisition stage. Also, there was a significant difference in basketball dribbling scores among the groups in the acquisition stage (p=0.0001) and this difference was higher in the control group (i.e. audience and music groups had weaker performance in the posttest of acquisition stage). But in retention and transfer tests, music and audience groups were at an advantage; audience group achieved the highest scores in retention test and music and audience groups gained higher significant scores than control group in transfer test (p=0.0001).

The friction and wear behavior of Al–Mg–Cu alloys and Al–Mg–Cu–based composites containing SiC particles were investigated at room conditions at a pressure of 3.18 MPa and a sliding speed of 0.393 m/s using a pin-on-disk wear testing machine. This study is an attempt to investigate the effects of adding copper as alloying element and silicon carbide as reinforcement particles to Al–4 wt% Mg metal matrix. The wear loss of the copper containing alloys was less than that for the copper free alloys. It was observed that the volume losses in wear test of Al–Mg–Cu alloy decrease continuously up to 5%. Also it was found that the silicon carbide particles play a significant role in improving wear resistance of the Al–Mg–Cu alloying system. The formation of mechanically mixed layer (MML) due to the transfer of Fe from counterface disk to the pin was observed in both Al–Mg–Cu alloys and Al–Mg–Cu/SiC composites.

Within river basins different social, economic, political and physical subsystems interact. When making decisions, policy makers should be aware of such interactions as any new policy will affect more than one subsystem. To determine the adequacy of a specific management policy, an integrated study is needed of a complicated water management system in the basin considering major physical, social, economic and political aspects. The Zayandeh-Rud river basin, in central Iran with a semi-arid climate and large agricultural, industrial and domestic water uses, is an example of a complicated watershed system where the lack of complete knowledge about all the interacting subsystems has led to failure of the policy makers in addressing the water shortage in the basin. Although water shortages occur fairly soon after completion of each new water source, transbasin water diversion is still the major policy of water planners to address ongoing shortages. System dynamics provides a unique framework for integrating the disparate physical, socio-economic and political systems important to watershed management. This approach is used to comprehend the interactions of different drivers of the problem and to convey the experiences, lessons learned, and perceptions gained during the model development process. A simulation model, built based on causal loop diagrams of the problem, shows that transbasin diversion is not the best and only solution to the problem. The results of the model for different scenarios suggest that various options of demand management and population control can be more effective in addressing the water crisis of the basin when combined with transbasin water diversions, increasing water storage capacity and controlling of groundwater withdrawal.

Abstract  There is growing interest in the integration of technology into the classroom. A range of initiatives have been launched to develop in-service teacher training processes that will strengthen this integration. In the present paper, we systematize the findings of a large selection of studies on this topic, focusing on domains and competencies linked to teacher training propositions for technology integration. Our main result is the presentation of six such domains that have been proposed in the existing literature: instrumental/technological, pedagogical/curricular, didactic/methodological, evaluative/investigative, communicational/relational and personal/attitudinal. A set of teaching competencies for each domain is also identified. These domains and competencies together form the bases for creating a technology integration training model.

Explaining the “Natural Order of L2 Morpheme Acquisition” in English: A Meta-analysis of Multiple Determinants ... Multiple regression analysis showed that a very large portion of the total variance in acquisition order is explained by the combination of the five determinants. ...