Virtualization

Introduction: In 2012, 14.33 million tons of textile waste was generated in the United States, which represented 5.7% of total municipal solid waste. Of these textile waste, 15.7% was recovered and 12.08 million tons were discarded. The apparel giant Nike (Nike Considered Design, 2010) defines waste as any product or material purchased anywhere in the supply chain that does not ultimately end up in the consumer's closet. This definition includes non-product waste (such as packaging), manufacturing waste (such as scrap material in contract factories) and product waste such as samples. The purpose of this project was to focus on alternatives to waste generated in apparel sampling. Nike # of " salesman samples 2017, to integrate sound information about materials into an interactive development tool to educate and inform developers about their material selection decisions. By creating efficiencies in the product development phase of the apparel product life-cycle a significant amount of solid waste would be eliminated as well as a significant decrease in the products carbon footprint. Over 16,000 materials are used in apparel and footwear products each year. A pair of shoes alone can use more than 30 materials (Nike Considered Design, 2010). Sustainable Apparel Coalition has developed material sustainability index (MSI) that can help companies choose the best fabrications of textiles. We sought to mesh the possibilities of virtual prototyping with MSI data. There were 5 objectives for this project (a) operational investigations (virtual prototyping and MSI data); (b) develop tool that meshes 3D CAD with MSI data; (c) generate virtual apparel using tool; (d) develop physical prototypes; (e) evaluate the environmental and economic impacts of our products (g) develop educational tools. Waste Reduction in Product Development Phase. We hypothesized that waste reduction in apparel production can be achieved through increased efficiency in the product development phase by the utilization of 3D technology, the benefit of using 3D technology is that problems can be solved prior to generating physical waste. Virtual Prototyping enables designers to quickly visualize how a material will ultimately appear on a product. If it's not the desired look, the developer can try different materials until the perfect match is found. The virtual/visual data helps in transcending the technical aspects of fabric composition and improve tactility. Virtual prototyping saves time and money and allows the designer to explore and experience hundreds of options before making a final choice " (Bux, 2014). The Materials Sustainability Index (MSI) assesses material impacts in the areas energy, chemistry, water and waste. The current process of fabric selection in apparel product development does not take into consideration the environmental impacts of chosen materials. With a lack of access to information regarding material sustainability, developers and other decision makers can not make informed, sustainable decisions (Nike, 2013). By embedding material sustainability data into the 3D prototyping system serving we can educate product creation teams to use environmentally better materials. We hypothesize that by embedding MSI data into an interactive virtual product development tool, a platform is created to both educate and inform more sustainable choices. Process: A team of researchers investigated the potential of virtual prototyping by customizing a virtual fabric library based on measurements of textile mechanical property data from two knit (list fabrics) and two woven constructed fabrics. Researchers referred to MSI data during fabric selection, developing 3D virtual textile structures, applying texture mapping to virtual garments using Adobe photoshop software, embedding into the material section Optitex (CAD) software. Concurrent with virtual garment construction, researchers constructed physical garment samples out of selected textile materials, utilizing both knit and woven substrates. Researchers analyzed the virtual apparel prototypes through additional tests, measuring potential waste reductions of virtual apparel prototype production in contrast to physical apparel prototype production. Based on findings, students developed recommendations in optimizing apparel product development via virtual prototyping methods. Quantitative Evaluation. The custom fabric library is based on textile material characteristics such as weight, thickness, stiffness/softness and elongation. ASTM standard methods were used in measuring these characteristics. The weight of fabrics (g/ m2) will be measured using a scale in accordance with ASTM D3776 method (Mass per unit area (weight) of fabric). The thickness of the fabrics will be measured using a portable thickness gauge in accordance with ASTM D1777 (Thickness of textile materials). The stiffness/softness data will be measured using a Handle-a-meter in accordance with ASTM D6828 (Stiffness of fabric by blade/slot procedure) standard. Textile elongation data will be measured using a tensile tester in accordance with ASTM D5034 (Breaking strength and elongation of textile fabrics) standard. Qualitative Evaluation. Upon IRB approval, researchers developed and implemented an industry expert panel survey. This survey will request feedback of a physical apparel product prototype compared to a virtual apparel product. Results: Outputs of this project include an initial prototype of a hybrid 3D/MSI System. The initial prototype was used as a proof of concept for Phase 2 funding that would serve to develop an interactive product development " app ". Students developed a report on the virtual prototyping research and recommendations on product development solutions with the use of 3D/MSI hybrid models to minimize product waste; as well as a textile mechanical property report and virtual apparel prototypes produced by Optitex (CAD) software; physical apparel product prototypes. Educational tools will also be developed at the department, university, community and national levels. An article is forthcoming. (Pictures here of virtual and physical garment) Acknowledgement This project was supported by a grant from EPA P3 Student Design Competition Phase 1. References

This panel focuses on opening up a discussion on the role
of art in the times when AI systems are becoming ubiquitous. It embraces the machine flaws, irregularities and errors that artists explore to push the boundaries of their art
practice and find new thematic, technological and conceptual grounds for experimentation. The panel explores and
compares multiple views, case studies and projects produced in various disciplines including data driven city portraits, generative media facades, urban media art, spatiotemporal visualizations, machine learning narrative experiments in VR, neural networks and art; and discrepancies
or interrelatedness between human creativity and the future
of Artificial general intelligence (AGI).

A conference in the conventional form is a very resource-demanding process with considerable environmental impacts. As the host of the 15th International Environmental Informatics Symposium, held in Zurich, October 10-12, 2001, EMPA assessed the effectiveness of different measures to reduce the environmental impact of the conference using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method, including the virtualization of the conference.

Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) have relevant positive and negative impacts on environmental sustainability on various levels: First-order effects such as increasing electronic waste streams; second-order effects such as improved energy-efficiency of production; third-order effects such as a product-to-service shift in consumption or rebound effects in transport. In the simulation study described in this article, all known relevant effects on all three levels were modeled using a System Dynamics approach in combination with scenario techniques and expert consultations. The prospective study for the European Union with a time-horizon until 2020 revealed great potential for ICT-supported energy management and for a structural change towards a less material-intensive economy, but strong rebound effects in the transport sector whenever ICT applications lead to time or cost savings for transport.

Hospital needs information technology to maintain whole information in the hospital. The information including medical record of patients, pharmacy, medicine and medical tools, doctor and nurse schedule, also payment and finance information. Those informations should be well-maintained in one information management system called Hospital Management System (HMS). HMS is needed by hospitals to manage integrated and controlled hospital management system. Information technology provides simple bureaucracy and transparency. Hence it's creating a working environment that always improves the effectiveness, efficiency, flexibility and speed so that productivity and service quality increases. Hospital management systems require a reliable information technology infrastructure with a high level of availability capable of delivering zero-downtime 24/7. In this research will be used Software-Defined Data Center technology (SDDC) as information technology infrastructure. In this research discusses cost comparison between conventional infrastructure and SDDC-Based Cloud, also discusses about project management for building to migrating the system from old (conventional) infrastructure to Software-Defined Data Center (SDDC) based infrastructure.
Keywords-- virtualization, cloud, sddc, project management

Virtualization, the technology that allows multiple guests (clients) to reside on a single host (provider)
machine and share the resources of the host machine, is rapidly gaining prominence in the corporate business world
of the 21st century. Virtualization is a powerful technology for increasing the efficiency of computing services.
However, besides its advantages, its flexibility also raises a number of questions regarding security, especially as it
forms the bedrock of the revolutionary technology of cloud computing. Research has shown that Cloud Computing
directly has the potential to tremendously impact positively the profit margins of leading 21st century businesses but
the lack of satisfactory answers to some of these questions, especially by cloud service providers, has greatly limited
the rate of adoption of full virtualization by many governments and organizations. This paper aims to elucidate and
classify the questions and threats to virtualization, and suggest possible solutions to them.

Modern workloads often exceed the processing and I/O capabilities provided by resource virtualization, requiring direct access to the physical hardware in order to reduce latency and computing overhead. For computers interconnected in a cluser, access to remote hardware resources often requires facilitation both in hardware and specialized drivers with virtualization support. This limits the availability of resources to specific devices and drivers that are supported by the virtualization technology being used, as well as what the interconnection technology supports. For PCI Express (PCIe) clusters, we have previously proposed Device Lending as a solution for enabling direct low latency access to remote devices. The method has extremely low computing overhead, and does not require any application-or device-specific distribution mechanisms. Any PCIe device, such as network cards disks, and GPUs, can easily be shared among the connected hosts. In this work, we have extended our solution with support for a virtual machine (VM) hypervisor. Physical remote devices can be ''passed through'' to VM guests, enabling direct access to physical resources while still retaining the flexibility of virtualization. Additionally, we have also implemented multi-device support, enabling shortest-path peer-to-peer transfers between remote devices residing in different hosts.Our experimental results prove that multiple remote devices can be used, achieving bandwidth and latency close to native PCIe, and without requiring any additional support in device drivers. I/O intensive workloads run seamlessly using both local and remote resources. With our added VM and multi-device support, Device Lending offers highly customizable configurations of remote devices that can be dynamically reassigned and shared to optimize resource utilization, thus enabling a flexible composable I/O infrastructure for VMs as well as bare-metal machines.

Perforated shells are often used to study socially mediated behavior in past hunter-gatherer groups. The assumption is that their exclusive symbolic function makes them ideally suited to investigate social networks, dispersal activity, and social interaction. Before making any statements regarding human behavior, however, it needs to be established whether perforated shells from archaeological assemblages were used as personal ornaments. One of the key issues regarding beach-collected marine taxa is whether beached specimens were purposefully collected, e.g., preferentially selected naturally holed specimens, or whether human-made perforations may be identified. Past studies have investigated these questions by comparing datasets from modern death assemblages of shells with archaeological collections and through manufacture and use-wear analysis (e.g., Bouzouggar et al. 2007; Vanhaeren et al. 2006) This study introduces a novel approach using μCT scans of pristine shells to create a three-dimensional model of shell thickness in Tritia (Nassarius) gibbosula. This model is used to map robust and fragile zones on shells of this taxon. The goal of this approach is to identify structurally weak zones that would be prone to natural perforations. Heat maps of shell thickness are then used to investigate perforation locations in modern natural death and archaeological assemblages. Our results show that in natural death assemblages, most perforations occur in structurally weak zones, and that their distribution is random. In our archaeological samples, from early Upper Paleolithic contexts at Ksâr 'Akil, (Lebanon), we found that perforations in T. gibbosula mainly occur in structurally weak zones, but their distribution within these zones is not random and favors locations facilitating easy suspension (e.g., on cordage). This suggests that at Ksâr 'Akil, T. gibbolusa shells were used as beads, and that shells with conveniently located natural perforations were intentionally sought for, that humans perforated the shells themselves, or that they used a combination of both. This in turn, warrants investigations into the social and behavioral implications of these perforated beads. Further aspects of human involvement with the shells should be explored, for example, through use-wear analysis.

Network Function Virtualization (NFV) is a promising solution for telecom operators and service providers to improve business agility, by enabling a fast deployment of new services, and by making it possible for them to cope with the increasing traffic volume and service demand. NFV enables virtualization of network functions that can be deployed as virtual machines on general purpose server hardware in cloud environments, effectively reducing deployment and operational costs. To benefit from the advantages of NFV, virtual network functions (VNFs) need to be provisioned with sufficient resources and perform without impacting network quality of service (QoS). To this end, this paper proposes a model for VNFs placement and provisioning optimization while guaranteeing the latency requirements of the service chains. Our goal is to optimize resource utilization in order to reduce cost satisfying the QoS such as end- to-end latency. We extend a related VNFs placement optimization with a fine-grained latency model including virtualization overhead. The model is evaluated with a simulated network and it provides placement solutions ensuring the required QoS guarantees.

Cloud computing and virtualization are new but indispensable components of computer engineering and information systems curricula for universities and higher education institutions. Learning about these topics is important for students preparing to work in the IT industry. In many companies, information technology operates under tight financial constraints. Virtualization, (for example storage, desktop, and server virtualization), reduces overall IT costs through the consolidation of systems. It also results in reduced loads and energy savings in terms of the power and cooling infrastructure. Therefore it is important to investigate the practical aspects of this topic both for industry practice and for teaching purposes. This paper demonstrates some activities undertaken recently by students at the Eastern Institute of Technology New Zealand and concludes with general recommendations for IT educators, software developers, and other IT professionals.