U.S. Import and Export Price Indexes News Release

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until					USDL-24-1867
8:30 a.m. (ET) Friday, September 13, 2024

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			   U.S. IMPORT AND EXPORT PRICE INDEXES - AUGUST 2024

U.S. import prices declined 0.3 percent in August following increases of 0.1 percent in July and June, the 
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Lower fuel and nonfuel prices contributed to the August 
decrease. Prices for U.S. exports fell 0.7 percent in August, after advancing 0.5 percent the previous month.

Imports 

The price index for U.S. imports fell 0.3 percent in August, after ticking up 0.1 percent from April to July. 
The August decline was the largest monthly drop since the index decreased 0.7 percent in December 2023. 
In spite of the August decline, U.S. import prices increased 0.8 percent over the past year. U.S. import 
prices last fell on a 12-month basis in February 2024. (See table 1.)

Fuel Imports: Import fuel prices decreased 3.0 percent in August, after increasing 1.1 percent the previous 
month. The August drop was the largest 1-month decline since the index fell 8.0 percent in December 2023. 
Lower prices for petroleum and natural gas in August each contributed to the drop in import fuel prices. 
Import fuel prices decreased 4.6 percent for the year ended in August, the first 12-month decline since 
February 2024. Prices for import petroleum fell 3.2 percent in August, the largest monthly drop for the 
index since December 2023. Petroleum prices declined 3.2 percent over the past 12 months, the largest 
over-the-year decrease since January 2024. The price index for import natural gas declined 3.7 percent in 
August following a 2.0-percent advance in July. Natural gas prices fell 51.7 percent over the past year, the 
largest 12-month drop since January 2024. 

All Imports Excluding Fuel: Prices for nonfuel imports edged down 0.1 percent in August, after increasing 
0.1 percent in July and 0.2 percent in June. Lower prices in August for nonfuel industrial supplies and 
materials; consumer goods; and foods, feeds, and beverages more than offset higher capital goods prices. 
Despite the August drop, nonfuel import prices advanced 1.3 percent over the past 12 months, and last 
declined on an over-the-year basis in February 2024. 

Foods, Feeds, and Beverages: The price index for foods, feeds, and beverages fell 0.1 percent in August 
following a 1.5-percent advance the previous month. Lower prices for feedstuff and foodgrains contributed 
to the decrease in foods, feeds, and beverages prices. 

Nonfuel Industrial Supplies and Materials: Nonfuel industrial supplies and materials prices decreased 0.4 
percent in August, after edging down 0.1 percent in July. Lower prices in August for unfinished metals and 
agricultural products used for industrial supplies and materials drove the overall decrease. 

Finished Goods: Prices for the major finished goods import categories were mixed in August. Capital goods 
prices ticked up 0.1 percent, after being unchanged in July. Higher prices for industrial and service 
machinery and semiconductors led the August advance. In contrast, prices for consumer goods edged down 
0.1 percent in August, after declining 0.2 percent in each of the previous 2 months. The August decrease 
was led by lower prices for gem diamonds and for toys, shooting, and sporting goods. The price index for 
automotive vehicles was unchanged in August following a 0.4-percent increase in July. 

Table A. Percent change in Import and Export Price Indexes, selected categories

Month	IMPORTS			EXPORTS
	All imports	Fuel imports	Nonfuel imports	All exports	Agri- cultural exports	Non- agricultural exports
2023
August	0.6	8.8	-0.2	1.2	-1.9	1.6
September	0.5	6.4	-0.2	0.5	-1.1	0.7
October	-0.6	-3.9	-0.2	-0.9	-1.0	-0.9
November	-0.5	-6.3	0.1	-0.7	0.0	-0.8
December	-0.7	-8.0	0.1	-0.7	-0.3	-0.7
2024
January	0.7	1.7	0.6	0.7	-1.4	0.9
February	0.2	1.1	0.1	0.7	0.8	0.7
March	0.6	5.0	0.2	0.1	-1.0	0.3
April	0.9	3.9	0.6	0.7	-0.4	0.8
May	-0.1	0.2	-0.2	-0.7	0.3	-0.8
June	(r)0.1	-1.7	0.2	-0.3	(r)1.1	(r)-0.5
July	0.1	(r)1.1	0.1	(r)0.5	(r)-2.0	(r)0.8
August	-0.3	-3.0	-0.1	-0.7	-2.0	-0.6
Aug. 2022 to 2023	-3.0	-18.2	-0.9	-5.7	-7.4	-5.6
Aug. 2023 to 2024	0.8	-4.6	1.3	-0.7	-6.9	-0.1
Footnotes (r) Revised

Exports 

U.S. export prices declined 0.7 percent in August following a 0.5-percent increase the previous month. 
Lower prices for nonagricultural and agricultural exports each contributed to the decrease in U.S. export 
prices in August. U.S. export prices fell 0.7 percent for the year ended in August, the first over-the-year 
drop since April 2024. (See table 2.)

Agricultural Exports: The price index for agricultural exports declined 2.0 percent for the second 
consecutive month in August. The August and July drops are the largest 1-month decreases since the index 
fell 2.3 percent in May 2023. A 9.8-percent decline in soybeans prices led the August drop. Lower prices for 
corn, wheat, and fruit in August also contributed to the decrease in agricultural prices. Higher nuts prices in 
August partially offset the declines. Prices for agricultural exports fell 6.9 percent over the past year. 

All Exports Excluding Agriculture: Nonagricultural export prices decreased 0.6 percent in August 
following a 0.8-percent advance the previous month. Lower prices in August for nonagricultural industrial 
supplies and materials and for capital goods more than offset higher prices for consumer goods, automotive 
vehicles, and nonagricultural foods. Nonagricultural export prices fell 0.1 percent for the year ended in 
August, the first 12-month decrease for the index since a 0.7-percent decline in March 2024. 

Nonagricultural Industrial Supplies and Materials: Prices for nonagricultural industrial supplies and 
materials declined 1.1 percent in August, after advancing 1.9 percent in July. The August drop was mostly 
driven by a 2.9-percent decrease in export fuel prices. Nonagricultural industrial supplies and materials 
prices fell 1.6 percent over the past year, the largest 12-month decline since March 2024. 

Finished Goods: Prices for the major finished goods export categories were mixed in August. The price 
index for capital goods fell 0.2 percent, the first monthly decline for the index since November 2023. A 3.0-
percent drop in semiconductor prices led the August decrease. In contrast, consumer goods prices rose 0.1 
percent in August following decreases of 0.1 percent in July and 0.3 percent in June. Prices for automotive 
vehicles advanced 0.1 percent in August, after increasing 0.3 percent the previous month. Higher prices for 
trucks, buses, and special purpose vehicles in August drove the rise in automotive vehicles prices. 

More information for the major import and export price indexes can be found at 
www.bls.gov/web/ximpim/largest.htm.

Measures of Import and Export Prices by Locality

Imports by Locality of Origin: Prices for imports from China decreased 0.2 percent in August, after the 
index was unchanged for 5 consecutive months. Import prices from China last increased on a monthly basis 
in October 2022. The price index for imports from China declined 1.4 percent for the year ended in August. 
Prices for imports from Japan were unchanged in August, after ticking up 0.1 percent in July. Import prices 
from Japan fell 0.2 percent on a 12-month basis for the second consecutive month in August. The price 
index for imports from Canada declined 1.4 percent in August following a 1.7-percent advance the previous 
month. The August drop was the largest monthly decrease since December 2023. Import prices from 
Mexico fell 0.3 percent in August, after rising 0.9 percent in July. In contrast, prices for imports from the 
European Union rose 0.2 percent in August following a 0.4-percent drop the previous month. (See table 7.)

Exports by Locality of Destination: Export prices to China declined 1.7 percent in August, the largest 1-
month decrease since June 2023. Prices for exports to China fell 3.5 percent over the past year. The price 
index for exports to Japan also decreased 1.7 percent in August, the largest monthly drop since November 
2023. Despite the August decline, export prices to Japan rose 0.2 percent from August 2023 to August 2024. 
Prices for exports to Canada decreased 0.5 percent in August, after declining 0.2 percent the previous 
month. The price index for exports to Mexico fell 1.0 percent in August following a 0.9-percent increase in 
July. Export prices to the European Union decreased 1.7 percent in August, after rising 1.1 percent the 
previous month. (See table 8.)

Terms of Trade Indexes: Terms of trade indexes are based on country, region, or grouping and measure 
the change in the purchasing power of exports relative to imports. U.S. terms of trade with China declined 
1.5 percent in August, the largest monthly drop since May 2023. Lower export prices to China in August 
more than offset lower import prices from China. U.S. terms of trade with China declined 2.2 percent for the 
year ended in August. U.S. terms of trade with Japan decreased 1.7 percent in August following a 0.5-
percent drop the previous month. Despite the August decline, the index for U.S. terms of trade with Japan 
rose 0.4 percent over the past 12 months. U.S. terms of trade with Mexico and the European Union 
decreased 0.6 percent and 1.9 percent, respectively, in August. In contrast, the index for U.S. terms of trade 
with Canada advanced 0.9 percent in August, after decreasing 1.8 percent in July. (See table 9.)

Import and Export Services

Imports: Import air passenger fares fell 12.4 percent in August following an 11.3-percent drop the previous 
month. The August decline was the largest 1-month decrease since August 2023. A 15.9-percent drop in 
European air passenger fares in August drove the overall decline. The index for import air passenger fares 
declined 2.8 percent over the past year. Prices for import air freight increased 2.5 percent in August, after 
advancing 13.6 percent in July. Higher prices for Asian air freight in August led the overall increase. Import 
air freight prices rose 22.1 percent for the year ended in August, the largest 12-month advance since a 27.0-
percent rise in January 2022. (See table 10.)

Exports: Export air passenger fares declined 8.1 percent in August following increases of 0.6 percent and 
10.6 percent the previous 2 months. The August drop was the largest monthly decline since February 2024. 
Lower European, Latin American/Caribbean, and Asian fares in August all contributed to the decrease. 
Export air passenger fares fell 4.0 percent over the past 12 months. Prices for export air freight fell 3.4 
percent in August, after advancing 3.7 percent in July. A 10.2-percent drop in European export air freight 
prices in August drove the overall decrease. Export air freight prices declined 5.3 percent from August 2023 
to August 2024. 

U.S. Import and Export Price Index data for September 2024 are scheduled for release on 
Wednesday, October 16, 2024, at 8:30 a.m. (ET).

Table 1. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: August 2023 to August 2024 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	End Use	Relative import- ance Jul. 2024(1)	Index		Percent change
			Jul. 2024	Aug. 2024	Annual	Monthly
					Aug. 2023 to Aug. 2024	Apr. 2024 to May 2024	May 2024 to Jun. 2024	Jun. 2024 to Jul. 2024	Jul. 2024 to Aug. 2024
All commodities		100.000	141.8	141.4	0.8	-0.1	0.1	0.1	-0.3
All imports excluding food and fuels (Dec. 2010=100)		84.092	109.0	108.9	1.1	-0.1	0.2	0.0	-0.1
All imports excluding petroleum		91.809	124.9	124.8	1.2	-0.2	0.2	0.1	-0.1
All imports excluding fuels (Dec. 2001=100)		91.437	129.0	128.9	1.3	-0.2	0.2	0.1	-0.1
Foods, feeds, & beverages	0	7.345	225.2	225.0	4.8	-1.5	1.1	1.5	-0.1
Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages, excluding distilled beverages	00	6.024	254.9	254.4	6.7	-1.8	1.3	1.8	-0.2
Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled beverages)	01	1.321	153.1	153.9	-2.5	0.1	0.2	-0.1	0.5
Industrial supplies & materials	1	23.545	250.0	246.6	-0.2	-0.1	-0.2	0.3	-1.4
Industrial supplies & materials excluding petroleum		15.365	203.1	202.2	1.5	-0.4	0.7	-0.1	-0.4
Industrial supplies & materials excluding fuels (Dec. 2001=100)		14.969	229.4	228.4	2.6	-0.2	0.6	-0.1	-0.4
Industrial supplies & materials, durable		9.584	223.9	223.3	2.9	0.8	1.1	0.0	-0.3
Industrial supplies & materials nondurable excluding petroleum		5.770	178.6	177.3	-0.7	-2.2	0.1	-0.3	-0.7
Fuels & lubricants	10	8.563	295.4	286.4	-4.6	0.2	-1.7	1.1	-3.0
Petroleum & petroleum products	100	8.191	323.3	313.1	-3.2	0.6	-2.0	1.1	-3.2
Crude petroleum	10000	5.669	336.4	325.9	-2.0	-2.1	-1.3	3.0	-3.1
Fuels, n.e.s.-coals & gas	101	0.220	105.9	105.3	-37.6	-12.3	7.6	-0.7	-0.6
Natural gas	10110	0.124	72.4	69.7	-51.7	-14.4	-3.1	2.0	-3.7
Paper & paper base stocks	11	0.550	144.8	145.5	3.9	1.4	1.1	2.3	0.5
Materials associated with nondurable supplies & materials	12	4.848	198.9	197.2	1.9	-2.2	-0.3	-0.6	-0.9
Unfinished metals related to durable goods	14	3.570	334.0	327.5	4.2	1.9	1.5	-0.1	-1.9
Finished metals related to durable goods	15	2.709	229.7	232.9	7.3	1.0	1.5	0.1	1.4
Capital goods	2	28.364	93.6	93.7	0.3	-0.1	0.1	0.0	0.1
Nonelectrical machinery	21	22.462	84.3	84.5	0.2	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.2
Transportation equipment excluding motor vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)	22	1.626	156.9	157.1	2.5	-0.5	-0.7	-0.9	0.1
Automotive vehicles, parts & engines	3	13.567	121.3	121.3	2.3	0.0	0.0	0.4	0.0
Automotive vehicles, parts and engines, 2 digit (Dec. 2023=100)	30	13.567	101.9	101.9	-	0.0	0.1	0.4	0.0
Consumer goods, excluding automotives	4	27.179	110.5	110.4	0.5	0.1	-0.2	-0.2	-0.1
Nondurables, manufactured	40	13.687	128.2	128.2	2.5	0.0	0.1	-0.1	0.0
Durables, manufactured	41	12.570	94.5	94.4	-0.9	0.0	0.0	-0.1	-0.1
Nonmanufactured consumer goods	42	0.921	118.0	115.6	-6.0	1.0	-5.3	-0.9	-2.0
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 2. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: August 2023 to August 2024 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	End Use	Relative import- ance Jul. 2024(1)	Index		Percent change
			Jul. 2024	Aug. 2024	Annual	Monthly
					Aug. 2023 to Aug. 2024	Apr. 2024 to May 2024	May 2024 to Jun. 2024	Jun. 2024 to Jul. 2024	Jul. 2024 to Aug. 2024
All commodities		100.000	149.2	148.2	-0.7	-0.7	-0.3	0.5	-0.7
Agricultural commodities		9.301	224.7	220.1	-6.9	0.3	1.1	-2.0	-2.0
All exports excluding food and fuels (Dec. 2010=100)		75.430	116.2	116.2	2.1	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.0
All exports excluding fuels (June 2022=100)		84.004	100.5	100.2	1.4	0.2	0.1	0.0	-0.3
Nonagricultural commodities		90.699	143.2	142.4	-0.1	-0.8	-0.5	0.8	-0.6
Foods, feeds, & beverages	0	8.574	228.3	224.1	-5.8	1.0	1.1	-1.7	-1.8
Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages, excluding distilled beverages	00	8.192	230.3	225.8	-6.0	1.0	1.2	-1.8	-2.0
Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled beverages)	01	0.382	190.7	191.9	-0.7	1.1	0.6	1.1	0.6
Industrial supplies & materials	1	38.339	200.6	198.3	-2.0	-2.1	-1.0	1.8	-1.1
Industrial supplies & materials excluding fuels (Dec. 2020=100)		22.368	119.3	119.4	4.5	0.1	0.3	0.4	0.1
Industrial supplies & materials, durable		11.307	221.6	222.1	6.6	1.2	0.6	0.0	0.2
Industrial supplies & materials, nondurable		27.032	190.1	186.8	-5.2	-3.4	-1.6	2.6	-1.7
Agricultural industrial supplies & materials	10	1.083	196.6	191.5	-12.8	-4.1	0.3	-3.7	-2.6
Nonagricultural industrial supplies & materials		37.256	200.8	198.5	-1.6	-2.0	-1.0	1.9	-1.1
Fuels & lubricants	11	15.996	236.0	229.1	-9.9	-4.9	-2.6	3.8	-2.9
Nonagricultural supplies & materials excluding fuels & building materials	12	20.502	200.1	200.5	5.6	0.4	0.3	0.6	0.2
Selected building materials	13	0.758	151.4	152.1	3.3	-1.0	0.0	1.0	0.5
Capital goods	2	31.684	123.4	123.1	1.4	0.1	0.0	0.0	-0.2
Nonelectrical machinery	21	22.551	102.9	102.5	0.9	0.2	0.0	-0.1	-0.4
Transportation equipment excluding motor vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)	22	5.617	219.2	219.5	4.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1
Automotive vehicles, parts & engines	3	8.694	129.4	129.5	4.0	0.2	0.0	0.3	0.1
Vehicles-passenger (Dec. 2023=100)	30	8.694	101.8	101.9	-	0.2	0.0	0.3	0.1
Consumer goods, excluding automotives	4	12.709	117.6	117.7	-1.5	0.0	-0.3	-0.1	0.1
Nondurables, manufactured	40	6.763	108.0	108.0	-2.5	0.0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Durables, manufactured	41	4.849	121.1	121.2	0.9	0.1	0.0	-0.7	0.1
Nonmanufactured consumer goods (Dec. 2018=100)	42	1.097	120.9	121.6	-5.1	-0.2	-3.8	-0.2	0.6
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 3. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: August 2023 to August 2024 [December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	NAICS	Relative import- ance Jul. 2024(1)	Index		Percent change
			Jul. 2024	Aug. 2024	Annual	Monthly
					Aug. 2023 to Aug. 2024	Apr. 2024 to May 2024	May 2024 to Jun. 2024	Jun. 2024 to Jul. 2024	Jul. 2024 to Aug. 2024
Nonmanufacturing		8.446	158.4	155.0	0.1	-2.9	-0.7	3.3	-2.1
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	11	2.262	243.3	242.7	9.8	-4.2	1.0	4.2	-0.2
Crop production	111	1.895	256.9	255.3	11.2	-5.1	1.5	4.9	-0.6
Animal production (Dec. 2022=100)	112	0.247	121.8	124.6	5.4	0.5	-3.9	4.0	2.3
Mining	21	6.184	150.8	146.6	-3.2	-2.4	-1.3	3.0	-2.8
Oil and gas extraction	211	5.930	149.0	144.4	-3.9	-2.5	-1.5	3.0	-3.1
Mining (except oil and gas) (Dec. 2022=100)	212	0.254	116.1	122.3	10.9	0.9	5.0	0.2	5.3
Manufacturing		91.250	122.9	122.7	0.5	0.2	0.0	-0.1	-0.2
Manufacturing, part 1	31	11.950	140.7	140.7	1.3	-0.4	0.2	-0.6	0.0
Food manufacturing	311	4.449	196.4	195.9	4.1	-0.9	0.5	-0.6	-0.3
Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	312	1.167	142.4	142.6	1.1	-0.1	-0.1	0.2	0.1
Textile mills (Dec. 2023=100)	313	0.325	102.9	102.9	-	0.2	0.2	0.5	0.0
Textile product mills (Dec. 2023=100)	314	0.887	100.1	99.7	-	0.1	0.0	0.0	-0.4
Apparel manufacturing	315	3.478	118.6	118.9	0.2	-0.1	-0.1	-0.2	0.3
Manufacturing, part 2	32	18.939	142.8	142.2	-1.0	0.8	-0.2	-0.6	-0.4
Paper manufacturing	322	1.021	124.7	124.9	1.8	0.8	0.6	1.3	0.2
Printing and related support activities (Dec. 2023=100)	323	0.147	100.7	100.7	-	0.0	0.7	0.0	0.0
Petroleum and coal products manufacturing	324	2.309	140.7	135.8	-7.5	7.7	-3.1	-3.4	-3.5
Chemical manufacturing	325	11.007	151.0	151.1	1.3	0.0	0.2	-0.5	0.1
Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	326	2.530	131.7	131.8	-1.4	-0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing	327	1.085	144.1	144.6	-0.9	0.4	-0.3	-0.1	0.3
Manufacturing, part 3	33	60.361	113.4	113.4	0.9	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.0
Primary metal manufacturing	331	4.928	236.6	234.4	7.2	2.1	1.4	-0.2	-0.9
Fabricated metal product manufacturing	332	3.160	145.2	145.1	-1.8	0.2	0.4	-0.2	-0.1
Machinery manufacturing	333	7.928	132.1	132.4	0.4	-0.1	0.0	0.2	0.2
Computer and electronic product manufacturing	334	16.370	72.1	72.2	-0.4	-0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1
Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing	335	6.223	125.3	125.1	-2.1	-0.3	-0.2	0.1	-0.2
Transportation equipment manufacturing	336	13.981	120.3	120.3	2.3	-0.1	-0.1	0.4	0.0
Furniture and related product manufacturing	337	1.848	127.9	128.0	-0.7	0.1	0.2	-0.2	0.1
Miscellaneous manufacturing	339	5.922	130.9	130.4	1.8	0.0	0.5	0.4	-0.4
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 4. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: August 2023 to August 2024 [December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	NAICS	Relative import- ance Jul. 2024(1)	Index		Percent change
			Jul. 2024	Aug. 2024	Annual	Monthly
					Aug. 2023 to Aug. 2024	Apr. 2024 to May 2024	May 2024 to Jun. 2024	Jun. 2024 to Jul. 2024	Jul. 2024 to Aug. 2024
Nonmanufacturing		14.038	167.9	163.9	-7.7	-2.4	-0.2	-0.6	-2.4
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	11	4.324	177.8	169.6	-14.3	0.5	0.2	-3.8	-4.6
Crop production	111	4.037	186.9	177.4	-15.2	0.8	0.4	-4.1	-5.1
Mining	21	9.714	106.9	105.4	-4.5	-3.6	-0.4	0.8	-1.4
Oil and gas extraction (Dec. 2021=100)	211	8.414	94.8	93.5	-5.2	-4.7	-0.3	1.3	-1.4
Mining (except oil and gas)	212	1.300	133.1	131.3	-0.8	3.2	-1.2	-1.8	-1.4
Manufacturing		84.316	135.4	134.7	0.0	-0.4	-0.3	0.7	-0.5
Manufacturing, part 1	31	6.406	170.7	170.8	-1.3	-0.2	1.3	-0.4	0.1
Food manufacturing	311	4.654	202.9	203.5	-0.6	0.1	2.0	-0.2	0.3
Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	312	0.492	131.6	131.2	-6.7	-2.1	-1.5	-0.5	-0.3
Manufacturing, part 2	32	25.790	135.5	133.7	-3.9	-1.8	-1.4	2.5	-1.3
Wood product manufacturing (Dec. 2017=100)	321	0.445	124.3	124.7	9.0	-1.5	0.7	1.6	0.3
Petroleum and coal products manufacturing	324	6.015	147.5	138.4	-17.0	-6.5	-6.3	8.9	-6.2
Chemical manufacturing	325	14.623	132.3	132.4	0.2	-0.5	0.0	0.8	0.1
Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	326	2.237	134.7	135.1	1.0	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.3
Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing	327	0.729	131.4	131.1	-1.4	-0.1	-0.3	-0.1	-0.2
Manufacturing, part 3	33	52.120	131.8	131.7	2.3	0.2	0.0	0.0	-0.1
Primary metal manufacturing	331	4.751	217.2	218.5	9.5	1.6	1.7	-0.1	0.6
Machinery manufacturing	333	9.585	153.2	153.2	1.9	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.0
Computer and electronic product manufacturing	334	12.500	82.9	82.2	-1.0	0.0	-0.4	-0.4	-0.8
Transportation equipment manufacturing	336	13.382	150.1	150.3	4.2	0.1	0.0	0.2	0.1
Furniture and related product manufacturing (Dec. 2023=100)	337	0.354	102.3	102.3	-	0.4	0.0	0.0	0.0
Miscellaneous manufacturing	339	5.066	142.0	142.3	2.7	0.1	-0.4	-0.1	0.2
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: August 2023 to August 2024 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Harmo- nized system	Relative importance Jul. 2024(1)	Index		Percent change
			Jul. 2024	Aug. 2024	Annual	Monthly
					Aug. 2023 to Aug. 2024	Apr. 2024 to May 2024	May 2024 to Jun. 2024	Jun. 2024 to Jul. 2024	Jul. 2024 to Aug. 2024
Live animals; animal products	I	1.489	241.6	243.7	1.8	0.3	-0.3	0.2	0.9
Meat and edible meat offal	02	0.435	350.3	360.8	7.5	1.5	-1.5	-0.6	3.0
Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other aquatic invertebrates	03	0.691	147.8	149.2	-1.3	0.2	0.1	-0.8	0.9
Vegetable products	II	2.158	262.0	261.6	2.6	-3.9	0.1	4.4	-0.2
Edible vegetables, roots, and tubers	07	0.732	704.6	704.9	34.5	-12.5	26.5	17.4	0.0
Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons	08	0.645	104.8	106.4	-13.5	-4.4	-15.6	-0.5	1.5
Coffee, tea, mate and spices	09	0.425	322.0	318.2	7.0	0.5	5.7	0.8	-1.2
Animal or vegetable fats and oils (Dec. 2009=100)	III	0.448	149.4	146.4	-1.9	-0.4	-0.4	-1.1	-2.0
Animal or vegetable fats and oils and their cleavage products; prepared (Dec. 2023=100)	15	0.448	100.5	98.6	-	-0.4	-0.4	-1.2	-1.9
Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and tobacco	IV	3.580	208.2	208.1	5.7	-1.2	0.2	-0.4	0.0
Sugars and sugar confectionary (Dec. 2021=100)	17	0.234	122.7	126.8	8.9	0.4	0.6	-4.7	3.3
Cocoa and cocoa preparations (Dec. 2009=100)	18	0.444	231.6	227.6	82.1	-10.8	-1.1	-2.8	-1.7
Preparations of cereals, flour, starch or milk; bakers' wares (Dec. 2023=100)	19	0.487	99.7	99.9	-	0.0	0.2	-0.4	0.2
Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec. 2022=100)	21	0.386	92.2	92.6	-5.3	1.0	0.1	0.3	0.4
Beverages, spirits, and vinegar	22	1.106	155.3	155.6	0.6	0.0	-0.1	0.2	0.2
Mineral products	V	8.611	302.5	293.8	-4.5	0.2	-1.8	1.2	-2.9
Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous substances and mineral waxes	27	8.312	296.0	286.5	-4.9	0.2	-1.9	1.3	-3.2
Products of the chemical or allied industries	VI	10.661	172.7	172.5	1.0	-0.1	0.2	-0.5	-0.1
Organic chemicals	29	2.185	136.4	136.5	-4.0	0.0	0.1	-0.3	0.1
Pharmaceutical products	30	5.583	156.0	156.0	6.0	0.1	0.2	-0.5	0.0
Fertilizers (Dec. 2022=100)	31	0.202	58.7	56.6	-19.3	-3.3	-1.8	-2.7	-3.6
Tanning extracts; dye, pigments, varnish, paints & putty (Dec. 2022=100)	32	0.193	100.6	101.0	-1.8	0.7	-0.6	-0.1	0.4
Miscellaneous chemical products	38	0.871	111.8	112.3	-5.0	-0.7	0.7	-0.5	0.4
Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and articles thereof	VII	3.734	154.0	154.7	-0.8	-0.1	0.3	-0.1	0.5
Plastics and articles thereof	39	2.475	150.2	150.8	-2.4	-0.1	0.1	-0.6	0.4
Rubber and articles thereof	40	1.259	164.8	165.4	2.4	0.0	0.6	0.8	0.4
Printed matter (Dec. 2023=100)	49	0.167	100.1	100.1	-	0.0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Textile and textile articles	XI	4.508	120.8	120.7	0.2	0.2	0.0	-0.1	-0.1
Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, knitted or crocheted (Dec. 2023=100)	61	1.921	99.4	99.4	-	-0.4	-0.1	-0.2	0.0
Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, not knitted or crocheted	62	1.420	127.7	127.8	0.9	0.4	0.0	0.1	0.1
Made-up or worn textile articles (Dec. 2023=100)	63	0.616	99.4	98.8	-	0.1	0.0	-0.1	-0.6
Headgear, umbrellas, artificial flowers, etc.	XII	1.441	126.8	127.3	0.4	-0.4	0.1	0.3	0.4
Footwear and parts of such articles	64	1.182	124.2	124.1	0.3	-0.2	0.2	0.4	-0.1
Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, ceramics, glass etc.	XIII	0.935	137.6	137.5	-0.4	0.9	-0.4	0.0	-0.1
Articles of stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, or mica (Dec. 2020=100)	68	0.323	100.7	100.7	-2.1	-0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
Glass and glassware (Dec. 2021=100)	70	0.341	110.5	110.4	1.9	2.5	-1.5	0.0	-0.1
Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation jewelry, and coins	XIV	3.274	244.9	245.3	9.2	0.5	1.3	1.2	0.2
Pearls, precious stones, precious metals jewelry, coin (Dec. 2023=100)	71	3.274	108.8	109.0	-	0.5	1.2	1.2	0.2
Base metals and articles of base metals	XV	5.899	231.9	228.6	-0.9	1.5	0.5	-0.6	-1.4
Articles of iron or steel	73	1.697	190.2	190.1	-5.5	-0.1	-0.4	-0.3	-0.1
Copper and articles thereof	74	0.567	440.2	400.9	5.3	6.6	0.4	-3.0	-8.9
Aluminum and articles thereof	76	1.130	201.4	199.8	7.1	3.8	4.3	-0.9	-0.8
Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and forks, of base metal; parts thereof	82	0.401	130.8	130.9	-1.3	-0.7	-0.7	0.2	0.1
Miscellaneous articles of base metal	83	0.504	142.2	142.1	-3.1	-0.1	0.0	0.2	-0.1
Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image and sound recorders, parts, etc.	XVI	30.172	82.1	82.1	-0.6	-0.1	-0.1	0.0	0.0
Machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof	84	15.149	89.5	89.6	-0.1	-0.1	0.0	-0.2	0.1
Electrical machinery and equip, sound and TV recorders & reproducers, parts	85	15.023	75.1	75.1	-0.9	-0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated transport equipment	XVII	11.816	124.8	124.8	2.1	0.0	0.0	0.6	0.0
Motor vehicles and their parts	87	11.044	123.9	123.9	2.1	-0.1	0.1	0.6	0.0
Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof (Dec. 2020=100)	88	0.633	110.4	110.5	2.7	1.0	0.5	0.1	0.1
Optical, photo, measuring, medical & musical instruments; & timepieces	XVIII	4.214	112.3	112.4	3.6	-0.3	1.2	0.2	0.1
Optical, photographic, measuring and medical instruments	90	3.914	107.9	107.9	3.8	-0.1	1.2	0.1	0.0
Miscellaneous manufactured articles	XX	4.542	120.5	120.1	-0.1	0.1	0.1	-0.1	-0.3
Furniture & stuffed furnishings; lamps & lighting fittings, nesoi; prefab bldgs	94	2.522	127.1	127.0	-0.2	0.2	0.2	-0.2	-0.1
Toys, games and sports equipment; parts and accessories thereof	95	1.709	107.1	106.4	-0.3	0.0	0.0	0.0	-0.7
Miscellaneous manufactured articles	96	0.311	152.6	152.6	3.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: August 2023 to August 2024 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Harmo- nized system	Relative import- ance Jul. 2024(1)	Index		Percent change
			Jul. 2024	Aug. 2024	Annual	Monthly
					Aug. 2023 to Aug. 2024	Apr. 2024 to May 2024	May 2024 to Jun. 2024	Jun. 2024 to Jul. 2024	Jul. 2024 to Aug. 2024
Live animals; animal products	I	2.025	275.3	276.1	7.0	0.6	1.4	-0.5	0.3
Meat & edible meat offal (Dec. 2006=100)	02	1.321	240.8	240.9	8.6	0.9	2.3	-0.9	0.0
Vegetable products	II	3.933	231.2	220.6	-15.5	1.9	0.1	-3.4	-4.6
Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons	08	0.870	152.9	155.1	19.4	3.1	3.5	-2.4	1.4
Cereals	10	1.066	218.2	208.8	-22.6	4.2	-0.5	-8.0	-4.3
Oilseeds and misc. grains, seeds, fruits, plants, straw and fodder	12	1.611	238.3	216.6	-25.5	0.2	-0.7	-1.3	-9.1
Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and tobacco	IV	2.879	182.1	182.6	-2.4	-1.0	1.9	-0.3	0.3
Preparations of cereals, flour, starch or milk; bakers' wares (Dec. 2023=100)	19	0.297	101.0	101.0	-	0.1	0.7	0.0	0.0
Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec. 2017=100)	21	0.637	120.9	122.7	2.7	-0.8	3.5	-2.7	1.5
Residues and waste from the food industries; prepared animal feed	23	0.592	248.4	249.1	-14.8	-1.9	-1.2	1.3	0.3
Mineral products	V	15.783	284.4	275.3	-9.6	-4.7	-2.6	3.8	-3.2
Ores, slag and ash (Dec. 2012=100)	26	0.449	134.6	131.1	4.7	12.1	0.7	-0.8	-2.6
Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous substances and mineral waxes	27	15.140	271.9	263.0	-10.2	-5.2	-2.7	4.0	-3.3
Products of the chemical or allied industries	VI	12.482	158.9	159.5	-1.1	-0.3	-0.1	0.9	0.4
Pharmaceutical products	30	4.380	104.7	104.8	-3.5	0.1	0.2	0.8	0.1
Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery cosmetic or toilet preparations	33	0.795	145.3	145.1	-2.3	-0.3	-0.1	-0.8	-0.1
Miscellaneous chemical products	38	2.294	194.1	194.1	0.5	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Rubber and articles thereof	40	0.922	193.3	193.5	13.6	1.5	0.0	0.2	0.1
Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, baskets and wickerwork (Dec. 2014=100)	IX	0.479	111.8	112.6	6.3	-2.4	0.1	1.8	0.7
Wood and articles of wood; wood charcoal (Dec. 2023=100)	44	0.479	104.2	105.0	-	-2.4	0.1	1.8	0.8
Woodpulp and recovered paper (Dec. 2019=100)	47	0.573	173.2	175.2	28.8	0.6	0.3	0.0	1.2
Cotton, including yarns and woven fabrics thereof	52	0.559	148.4	139.3	-15.3	-6.9	4.0	-7.8	-6.1
Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, ceramics, glass etc.	XIII	0.743	153.6	153.9	3.4	-0.1	-0.3	0.4	0.2
Glass and glassware (Dec. 2019=100)	70	0.354	115.5	115.0	0.6	0.3	-0.2	0.4	-0.4
Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation jewelry, and coins	XIV	5.148	337.6	343.2	11.3	1.2	-0.3	0.0	1.7
Pearls, precious stones, precious metals; jewelry, coin (Dec. 2023=100)	71	5.148	108.1	109.9	-	1.1	-0.3	0.0	1.7
Base metals and articles of base metals	XV	4.512	213.7	211.2	1.1	0.9	0.8	-0.4	-1.2
Copper and articles thereof	74	0.619	300.4	279.0	6.1	8.3	1.0	-3.4	-7.1
Aluminum and articles thereof	76	0.759	157.7	156.4	10.5	4.0	2.4	-0.5	-0.8
Miscellaneous articles of base metal (Dec. 2022=100)	83	0.338	106.8	106.8	3.7	0.0	0.0	1.0	0.0
Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image and sound recorders, parts, etc.	XVI	26.434	108.5	108.1	1.4	0.2	-0.1	0.0	-0.4
Machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof	84	15.672	133.8	133.9	2.4	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1
Electrical machinery and equipment and parts and accessories thereof	85	10.761	82.3	81.3	-0.1	0.1	-0.4	-0.2	-1.2
Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated transport equipment	XVII	9.759	155.7	155.9	3.5	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.1
Motor vehicles and their parts	87	7.277	129.9	130.0	3.5	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1
Optical, photo, measuring, medical & musical instruments; & timepieces	XVIII	5.838	121.3	121.3	2.5	0.0	0.5	0.2	0.0
Optical, photographic, measuring and medical instruments (Dec. 2023=100)	90	5.782	102.0	102.0	-	0.0	0.4	0.2	0.0
Miscellaneous manufactured articles	XX	1.157	135.7	136.0	0.5	0.0	0.1	-0.4	0.2
Furniture; stuffed furnishings; lamps and lighting fittings nesoi	94	0.578	151.0	151.0	1.5	0.5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Toys, games and sports equipment; parts and accessories thereof	95	0.438	116.3	116.4	-1.2	-0.6	-0.8	-1.3	0.1
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 7. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes by locality of origin: August 2023 to August 2024 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Relative import- ance Jul. 2024(1)	Index		Percent change
		Jul. 2024	Aug. 2024	Annual	Monthly
				Aug. 2023 to Aug. 2024	Apr. 2024 to May 2024	May 2024 to Jun. 2024	Jun. 2024 to Jul. 2024	Jul. 2024 to Aug. 2024
Industrialized Countries(2)	100.000	147.9	147.5	0.8	-0.1	-0.1	0.3	-0.3
Nonmanufacturing	11.252	266.8	259.0	-2.6	-1.7	-0.9	4.6	-2.9
Manufacturing	88.409	138.6	138.7	1.4	0.1	0.1	-0.3	0.1
Canada	100.000	176.3	173.8	-2.1	-0.8	-0.2	1.7	-1.4
Nonmanufacturing	32.908	260.8	252.8	-3.4	-2.1	-0.8	4.7	-3.1
Manufacturing	66.347	157.2	156.2	-1.3	-0.1	0.1	0.4	-0.6
European Union	100.000	158.4	158.7	1.4	0.2	0.1	-0.4	0.2
Manufacturing	99.336	154.1	154.4	1.5	0.2	0.1	-0.3	0.2
France (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	158.0	158.1	3.7	0.0	0.0	-0.3	0.1
Germany (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	124.9	125.3	0.5	-0.1	0.2	0.1	0.3
United Kingdom (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	139.1	139.0	1.9	0.3	0.4	-0.5	-0.1
Latin America(3)	100.000	175.6	174.6	2.5	-0.6	0.3	0.5	-0.6
Nonmanufacturing	13.718	343.6	338.2	1.0	-3.3	0.6	3.2	-1.6
Manufacturing	86.048	141.5	140.9	2.8	-0.2	0.3	0.1	-0.4
Mexico (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	149.2	148.7	1.5	-0.5	0.1	0.9	-0.3
Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)	9.253	193.7	189.7	-0.3	-4.4	0.7	8.3	-2.1
Manufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)	90.518	101.0	100.9	1.8	-0.1	0.1	0.1	-0.1
Pacific Rim (Dec. 2003=100)(4)	100.000	102.1	102.1	-0.7	-0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
China (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	100.5	100.3	-1.4	0.0	0.0	0.0	-0.2
Japan	100.000	101.1	101.1	-0.2	0.1	-0.1	0.1	0.0
Taiwan (Dec. 2018=100)	100.000	108.7	109.5	-0.1	-0.1	-0.3	0.7	0.7
Asian NICs(5)	100.000	94.8	94.6	-1.4	-0.2	-0.1	0.5	-0.2
ASEAN (Dec. 2003=100)(6)	100.000	99.8	99.8	-1.5	-0.4	-0.7	0.2	0.0
Asia Near East (Dec. 2003=100)(7)	100.000	215.7	216.9	-3.0	-2.7	-3.7	1.7	0.6
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values. (2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. (3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. (4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries. (5) Asian Newly Industrialized Countries - Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan. (6) Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. (7) Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Regions are not mutually exclusive. Dash = Not available

Table 8. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes by locality of destination: August 2023 to August 2024 [December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Relative import- ance Jul. 2024(1)	Index		Percent change
		Jul. 2024	Aug. 2024	Annual	Monthly
				Aug. 2023 to Aug. 2024	Apr. 2024 to May 2024	May 2024 to Jun. 2024	Jun. 2024 to Jul. 2024	Jul. 2024 to Aug. 2024
Industrialized Countries(2)	100.000	123.4	122.6	1.8	-0.7	0.7	0.4	-0.6
Nonmanufacturing	15.016	145.5	140.6	-2.0	-4.9	2.1	2.0	-3.4
Manufacturing	83.451	120.7	120.5	2.2	0.0	0.5	0.1	-0.2
Canada	100.000	128.8	128.2	0.1	-0.2	0.2	-0.2	-0.5
Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2020=100)	7.216	133.6	129.0	-5.6	-1.2	0.4	-2.2	-3.4
Manufacturing (Dec. 2020=100)	91.081	120.3	120.0	0.3	-0.1	0.2	0.0	-0.2
European Union	100.000	123.6	121.5	2.6	-1.1	0.0	1.1	-1.7
Nonmanufacturing	23.079	147.8	139.3	-3.8	-4.8	-0.6	2.5	-5.8
Manufacturing	75.229	118.6	118.2	3.8	-0.1	0.2	0.9	-0.3
Germany	100.000	125.0	124.6	5.7	0.0	0.2	0.3	-0.3
Latin America(3)	100.000	124.6	122.9	-1.9	-1.6	-1.0	1.8	-1.4
Nonmanufacturing	7.156	137.0	129.8	-6.8	-0.9	3.5	-2.8	-5.3
Manufacturing	92.285	123.8	122.4	-1.8	-1.7	-1.2	2.1	-1.1
Mexico	100.000	125.0	123.8	-1.4	-1.0	-0.1	0.9	-1.0
Nonmanufacturing	5.758	111.6	104.8	-12.9	1.0	8.5	-5.6	-6.1
Manufacturing	93.387	126.8	126.0	-0.9	-1.1	-0.6	1.3	-0.6
Pacific Rim(4)	100.000	114.6	113.1	-0.4	-0.8	0.4	-0.4	-1.3
Nonmanufacturing	20.514	119.8	111.8	-9.3	-2.8	0.6	0.0	-6.7
Manufacturing	78.212	114.8	115.0	1.9	-0.4	0.5	-0.6	0.2
China	100.000	106.4	104.6	-3.5	-0.5	-0.2	-0.7	-1.7
Nonmanufacturing	24.112	101.9	94.9	-14.9	-1.4	-0.6	-0.9	-6.9
Manufacturing	74.208	110.0	110.2	0.5	-0.4	0.0	-0.6	0.2
Japan	100.000	112.5	110.6	0.2	-0.1	1.5	-0.4	-1.7
Nonmanufacturing	21.376	124.1	115.7	-3.4	-2.5	2.9	-0.1	-6.8
Manufacturing	77.332	109.6	109.4	1.2	0.5	1.1	-0.4	-0.2
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values. (2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. (3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. (4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Regions are not mutually exclusive. Dash = Not available

Table 9. U.S. terms of trade indexes and percent changes by locality: August 2023 to August 2024(1) [December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Index		Percent change
	Jul. 2024	Aug. 2024	Annual	Monthly
			Aug. 2023 to Aug. 2024	Apr. 2024 to May 2024	May 2024 to Jun. 2024	Jun. 2024 to Jul. 2024	Jul. 2024 to Aug. 2024
Industrialized Countries(2)	102.1	101.7	1.0	-0.5	0.7	0.1	-0.4
Canada	96.0	96.9	2.2	0.6	0.4	-1.8	0.9
European Union	105.0	103.0	1.2	-1.2	-0.1	1.5	-1.9
Germany	115.2	114.5	5.2	0.1	0.0	0.3	-0.6
Latin America(3)	105.7	104.8	-4.4	-1.0	-1.2	1.3	-0.9
Mexico	108.1	107.4	-2.9	-0.5	-0.2	0.0	-0.6
Pacific Rim(4)	110.4	109.0	0.3	-0.7	0.5	-0.5	-1.3
China	106.0	104.4	-2.2	-0.5	-0.2	-0.7	-1.5
Japan	106.3	104.5	0.4	-0.2	1.6	-0.5	-1.7
Footnotes (1) Terms of trade indexes are derived by dividing the export price index by the corresponding import price index and multiplying by 100. (2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. (3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. (4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Regions are not mutually exclusive. Dash = Not available

Table 10. U.S. international price indexes and percent changes for selected transportation services: August 2023 to August 2024 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Relative import- ance Jul. 2024(1)	Index		Percent change
		Jul. 2024	Aug. 2024	Annual	Monthly
				Aug. 2023 to Aug. 2024	Apr. 2024 to May 2024	May 2024 to Jun. 2024	Jun. 2024 to Jul. 2024	Jul. 2024 to Aug. 2024
Air Freight
Import Air Freight	100.000	264.3	271.0	22.1	-0.7	0.7	13.6	2.5
Europe (Dec. 2003=100)	19.365	157.5	153.2	-23.9	5.6	-6.2	6.2	-2.7
Asia	79.709	290.7	302.7	42.4	-2.4	2.7	16.3	4.1
Export Air Freight	100.000	174.6	168.6	-5.3	-1.9	-0.3	3.7	-3.4
Europe (Dec. 2006=100)	29.349	140.0	125.7	-12.0	-0.6	-0.6	14.0	-10.2
Asia (Dec. 2011=100)	47.808	134.7	134.3	-5.3	-2.8	-0.3	-2.0	-0.3
Inbound Air Freight	100.000	183.6	184.3	14.5	-4.2	3.5	5.9	0.4
Europe (Dec. 2003=100)	24.257	137.0	130.9	-17.7	2.7	-6.6	5.7	-4.5
Asia	63.476	185.9	190.9	33.8	-3.9	6.0	6.8	2.7
Outbound Air Freight	100.000	167.8	164.5	-1.5	-0.7	1.4	0.0	-2.0
Europe (Dec. 2003=100)	37.278	172.9	160.3	-6.9	0.3	-0.4	9.4	-7.3
Asia	41.769	171.7	176.1	0.5	-1.6	3.9	-7.7	2.6
Air Passenger Fares
Import Air Passenger Fares	100.000	175.5	153.8	-2.8	0.4	9.0	-11.3	-12.4
Europe	48.204	196.5	165.2	-6.0	7.3	7.7	-12.3	-15.9
Asia	12.170	166.1	151.0	-8.9	2.4	9.5	-11.8	-9.1
Latin America/Caribbean	10.001	148.3	135.6	-4.9	-3.2	8.8	-1.0	-8.6
Export Air Passenger Fares	100.000	196.6	180.6	-4.0	-3.0	10.6	0.6	-8.1
Europe	39.225	250.3	216.7	-8.1	5.2	15.5	-1.0	-13.4
Asia	11.875	200.7	198.8	-11.1	-0.7	5.1	1.0	-0.9
Latin America/Caribbean	30.527	185.8	174.4	-4.3	-13.5	12.7	3.9	-6.1
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

                                                TECHNICAL NOTE                                                

Import and Export Goods and Services Price Indexes - All indexes use a modified Laspeyres 
formula and are not seasonally adjusted. Price indexes are reweighted annually, with a 2-year lag in the 
weights. Published series use a base year of 2000=100 where possible. More detailed index series and 
additional information may be obtained at www.bls.gov/mxp or by calling (202) 691-7101.

Merchandise Goods Classification Systems - The merchandise price indexes are published using three 
classification systems. Items are classified by end use according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis 
Classification System, by industry according to the North American Industry Classification System 
(NAICS), and by product category according to the Harmonized System (HS). While classification by 
end use and product category are self-explanatory, some notes are in order for classifying items by 
industry. In the NAICS imports and exports tables, items are classified by output industry, not input 
industry. As an example, NAICS import index 326 (plastics and rubber products manufacturing) 
includes outputs such as manufactured plastic rather than inputs such as petroleum. The NAICS 
classification structure also matches the classification system used by the Producer Price Index (PPI) to 
produce the NAICS primary products indexes.

Import Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United 
States Annotated (TSUSA). Import prices are based on U.S. dollar prices paid by the U.S. importer. The 
prices are generally either "free on board" (f.o.b.) foreign port or "cost, insurance, and freight" (c.i.f.) 
U.S. port transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual industry. The index for crude 
petroleum is calculated from data collected by the U.S. Department of Energy.  

Export Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Schedule B classification system 
of the U.S. Bureau of the Census. The prices used are generally either "free alongside ship" (f.a.s.) 
factory or "free on board" (f.o.b.) transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual 
industry. Prices used in the grain index, excluding rice, are obtained from the U.S. Department of 
Agriculture.

Services Price Indexes - Indexes for import and export air passenger fares calculate changes in the 
average revenue received per passenger by foreign carriers from U.S. residents and by U.S. carriers from 
foreign residents, respectively. Data are obtained from an airline consulting service and report on tickets 
sold by travel agencies, travel websites, and directly by the airlines. Taxes and fees are included in both 
the import and export air passenger fares indexes. Import air passenger fares data have used the airline 
consulting service source since September 2008. Before April 2018, the export air passenger fares data 
were collected directly by BLS from U.S. airlines. The air freight indexes are calculated from data 
collected directly from airlines. These data exclude mail and passenger baggage. The scope of the 
service being priced is the movement of freight from airport to airport only, and does not include any 
ground transportation or port service. The air freight indexes are presented using two definitions: 
balance of payments (which represents transactions between U.S. and foreign residents) and 
international (which represents transactions inbound to and outbound from the United States.) Fact 
sheets specifying detailed information for each services industry are available at www.bls.gov/mxp 
under "MXP Publications."

Import Price Indexes by Locality of Origin - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 
collected for the import price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and, 
beginning with January 2002, are based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 
covering goods-producing industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and 
manufactured goods are defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Export Price Indexes by Locality of Destination - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 
collected for the export price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and are 
based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) covering goods-producing 
industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and manufactured goods are 
defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Terms of Trade Indexes - Terms of trade indexes measure the relative price of exports in terms of 
import prices for a specific country, region, or grouping. The indexes are calculated as one country, 
region, or grouping's all-export goods price index divided by the corresponding all-import goods price 
index on a scale of 100. 
   
Relative Importance - A relative importance is a specific index's price-updated value share (expressed 
as a percentage) of overall imports or exports at a specific point in time. Relative importance values are 
affected by the trade weights at the point indexes are reweighted and index changes relative to other 
indexes since the reweight point. If an index is rising in value relative to other indexes over time, the 
relative importance will increase as well. 
 
Revision Policy - To reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents, monthly data 
may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. After 3 months, no further data 
revisions take place. For example, data first published in the January release will be subject to revision 
in the releases for February, March, and April.

Rounding Policy - Index values are rounded to the tenth decimal place after being calculated. All 
percent changes are then derived from the rounded index values and subsequently rounded to the tenth 
decimal place.

Uses of the Data - The primary use of the indexes is to deflate trade statistics, notably the foreign trade 
sector of the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) constructed by the Department of 
Commerce. Other published indexes are useful for general market analysis. For trade in international 
services, balance of payments indexes are used for deflating NIPA, while international indexes are more 
appropriate for market analysis. 

Additional Information - More detailed data are available on the Import/Export Price Indexes home 
page at www.bls.gov/mxp. For import and export price indexes data requests, send an email to 
[email protected].   

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