A One-Year Prospective Study of Work-Related Mental Health in the Intensivists of a COVID-19 Hub Hospital
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Questionnaire
2.3. Statistics
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | Baseline | 2nd Survey | 3rd Survey | X2 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | n | % | p | |
Participant | 154 | 105 | 120 | ||||
Resident | 58 | 37.7 | 55 | 52.4 | 68 | 56.7 | 0.004 |
Gender, male | 75 | 48.7 | 51 | 48.6 | 58 | 48.3 | 0.998 |
Age, < 35 years | 94 | 61.0 | 76 | 72.4 | 84 | 70.0 | 0.115 |
Reporting unprotected exposure to COVID-19 patients | 38 | 24.7 | 59 | 56.2 | 71 | 59.2 | 0.000 |
Reporting a false-positive swab test | - | - | 2 | 1.9 | 8 | 6.7 | - |
Reporting COVID-19 disease | - | - | 16 | 15.2 | 23 | 19.2 | 0.437 |
Asymptomatic COVID-19 case | - | - | 6 | 37.5 | 10 | 38.5 | 0.709 |
Mild COVID-19 case | - | - | 9 | 56.3 | 14 | 53.8 | 0.773 |
Moderate COVID-19 case | - | - | 1 | 6.3 | 2 | 7.7 | - |
Reporting long COVID | - | - | - | - | 10 | 38.5 | - |
Reporting post-COVID | - | - | - | - | 1 | 3.7 | - |
Reported Effect | Baseline | 2nd Survey | 3rd Survey | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | n | % | p | |
Increased/greatly increased workload | 77 | 50.0 | 83 | 83.0 | 98 | 84.5 | 0.000 |
The work became more repetitive and monotonous | 51 | 33.1 | 36 | 36.0 | 53 | 45.7 | 0.162 |
More frequent need to inform of the death of a relative | 61 | 39.6 | 65 | 65.0 | 81 | 69.8 | 0.000 |
Isolation at work | 42 | 42.0 | 47 | 40.5 | 0.669 | ||
Isolation in life | 81 | 81.0 | 78 | 67.2 | 0.008 | ||
Time for physical exercise was shorter/much shorter | 117 | 76.0 | 80 | 80.0 | 92 | 79.3 | 0.742 |
Time for meditation was shorter/much shorter | 72 | 46.8 | 65 | 65.0 | 74 | 63.8 | 0.006 |
Distressed (effort/reward weighted ratio > 1) | 117 | 76.0 | 80 | 80.0 | 83 | 72.8 | 0.468 |
Insomniac (SCI08 score ≤ 16; SCI02 score ≤ 4) | 58 | 43.3 | 33 | 33.0 | 32 | 28.1 | 0.037 |
Anxious (GADS anxiety score ≥ 5) | 40 | 26.0 | 31 | 31.0 | 29 | 25.4 | 0.599 |
Depressed (GADS depression score ≥ 2) | 75 | 48.7 | 63 | 63.0 | 73 | 64.0 | 0.017 |
Variable | 1st Wave | 2nd Wave | 3rd Wave | ANOVA | Bonferroni | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean ± s.d. | Mean ± s.d. | Mean ± s.d. | p | p | ||
Procedural Justice | 49.91 ± 13.64 | 53.60 ± 15.60 | 53.33 ± 15.67 | 0.079 | ||
Effort | 71.48 ± 16.59 | 77.91 ± 14.03 | 77.34 ± 14.52 | 0.001 | 1 vs. 2 0.003 | 1 vs. 3 0.006 |
Reward | 58.88 ± 13.13 | 59.36 ± 13.95 | 61.40 ± 13.97 | 0.304 | ||
Job stress | 1.30 ± 0.51 | 1.42 ± 0.56 | 1.37 ± 0.57 | 0.228 | ||
Sleep quality | 59.64 ± 25.11 | 65.13 ± 28.50 | 67.43 ± 27.31 | 0.051 | ||
Anxiety | 3.04 ± 2.32 | 3.34 ± 2.33 | 3.02 ± 1.93 | 0.487 | ||
Depression | 1.97 ± 1.87 | 2.71 ± 1.95 | 2.49 ± 1.91 | 0.007 | 1 vs. 2 0.008 | 1 vs. 3 n.s. |
Variable | ERI | |
---|---|---|
Standardised Beta | p | |
Isolation at work | 0.383 | 0.000 |
Procedural justice | −0.335 | 0.000 |
Age class. | 0.293 | 0.000 |
Determination coefficient of the model (R2) | 0.394 |
Variable | Sleep Quality | Anxiety | Depression | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Standardised Beta | p | Standardised Beta | p | Standardised Beta | p | |
Procedural justice | 0.062 | 0.628 | −0.022 | 0.845 | 0.027 | 0.810 |
Effort | −0.333 | 0.013 | 0.541 | 0.000 | 0.578 | 0.000 |
Reward | 0.066 | 0.613 | −0.084 | 0.473 | −0.057 | 0.622 |
Predictor | Dependent Variable OR (CI95%) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Anxious 1 | Depressed 2 | Burned Out 3 | Dissatisfied 4 | Happy 3 | Intention to Quit | |
Procedural justice | 1.063 (0.843–1.340) | 0.905 (0.729–1.124) | 1.062 (0.840–1.344) | 0.970 (0.765–1.230) | 1.252 * (1.000–1.568) | 0.870 (0.675–1.121) |
Effort | 1.721 (1.199–2.468) ** | 1.515 (1.095–2.096) * | 2.151 (1.435–3.224) *** | 1.459 (1.027–2.071) * | 0.765 (0.560–1.044) | 1.871 (1.230–2.847) ** |
Reward | 0.947 (0.825–1.087) | 0.926 (0.812–1.057) | 0.848 (0.737–0.975) * | 0.766 (0.655–0.894) *** | 1.049 (0.916–1.201) | 0.762 (0.650–0.892) *** |
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Magnavita, N.; Soave, P.M.; Antonelli, M. A One-Year Prospective Study of Work-Related Mental Health in the Intensivists of a COVID-19 Hub Hospital. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 9888. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18189888
Magnavita N, Soave PM, Antonelli M. A One-Year Prospective Study of Work-Related Mental Health in the Intensivists of a COVID-19 Hub Hospital. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(18):9888. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18189888
Chicago/Turabian StyleMagnavita, Nicola, Paolo Maurizio Soave, and Massimo Antonelli. 2021. "A One-Year Prospective Study of Work-Related Mental Health in the Intensivists of a COVID-19 Hub Hospital" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 18: 9888. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18189888