Version 1
: Received: 11 July 2019 / Approved: 12 July 2019 / Online: 12 July 2019 (11:54:29 CEST)
Version 2
: Received: 19 July 2019 / Approved: 23 July 2019 / Online: 23 July 2019 (10:34:50 CEST)
von Arx, C.; Capozzi, M.; López-Jiménez, E.; Ottaiano, A.; Tatangelo, F.; Di Mauro, A.; Nasti, G.; Tornesello, M.L.; Tafuto, S. Updates on the Role of Molecular Alterations and NOTCH Signalling in the Development of Neuroendocrine Neoplasms. J. Clin. Med.2019, 8, 1277.
von Arx, C.; Capozzi, M.; López-Jiménez, E.; Ottaiano, A.; Tatangelo, F.; Di Mauro, A.; Nasti, G.; Tornesello, M.L.; Tafuto, S. Updates on the Role of Molecular Alterations and NOTCH Signalling in the Development of Neuroendocrine Neoplasms. J. Clin. Med. 2019, 8, 1277.
von Arx, C.; Capozzi, M.; López-Jiménez, E.; Ottaiano, A.; Tatangelo, F.; Di Mauro, A.; Nasti, G.; Tornesello, M.L.; Tafuto, S. Updates on the Role of Molecular Alterations and NOTCH Signalling in the Development of Neuroendocrine Neoplasms. J. Clin. Med.2019, 8, 1277.
von Arx, C.; Capozzi, M.; López-Jiménez, E.; Ottaiano, A.; Tatangelo, F.; Di Mauro, A.; Nasti, G.; Tornesello, M.L.; Tafuto, S. Updates on the Role of Molecular Alterations and NOTCH Signalling in the Development of Neuroendocrine Neoplasms. J. Clin. Med. 2019, 8, 1277.
Abstract
Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) comprise a heterogeneous group of rare malignancies mainly originated from hormones secreting cells, which are widespread in human tissues. The identification of mutations in ATRX/DAXX genes in sporadic NENs, as well as the high burden of mutations scattered throughout MEN-1 gene in both sporadic and inherited syndromes, provided new insights into the molecular biology of tumour development. Other molecular mechanisms, such as the NOTCH signaling pathway, have shown to play an important role in the pathogenesis of NENs. NOTCH receptors are expressed on neuroendocrine cells and generally, act as tumour suppressor proteins, but in some contexts can function as oncogenes. The biological heterogeneity of NENs suggests that to fully understand the roles and the potential therapeutic implications of gene mutations and NOTCH signaling in NENs, a comprehensive analysis of genetic alterations, NOTCH expression patterns and their potential roles across all NEN subtypes is required.
Keywords
Neuroendocrine Neoplasms; NOTCH; cancer driven genes; mutational mechanism; germline mutations.; small cell lung carcinoma; pancreatic NET; small bowel NET; medullary thyroid carcinoma; malignant castration-resistant prostatic cells
Subject
Medicine and Pharmacology, Oncology and Oncogenics
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Commenter: Claudia von Arx
Commenter's Conflict of Interests: Author