PreprintReviewVersion 1Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed
The Use of Hydrogel-Delivered Extracellular Vesicles in Recovery of Motor Function in Stroke: A Testable Experimental Hypothesis for Clinical Translation including Behavioral and Neuroimaging Assessment Approaches
Version 1
: Received: 26 May 2020 / Approved: 28 May 2020 / Online: 28 May 2020 (13:08:32 CEST)
How to cite:
Tsintou, M.; Dalamagkas, K.; Moore, T. L.; Rathi, Y.; Kubicki, M.; Rosene, D. L.; Makris, N. The Use of Hydrogel-Delivered Extracellular Vesicles in Recovery of Motor Function in Stroke: A Testable Experimental Hypothesis for Clinical Translation including Behavioral and Neuroimaging Assessment Approaches. Preprints2020, 2020050460. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202005.0460.v1
Tsintou, M.; Dalamagkas, K.; Moore, T. L.; Rathi, Y.; Kubicki, M.; Rosene, D. L.; Makris, N. The Use of Hydrogel-Delivered Extracellular Vesicles in Recovery of Motor Function in Stroke: A Testable Experimental Hypothesis for Clinical Translation including Behavioral and Neuroimaging Assessment Approaches. Preprints 2020, 2020050460. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202005.0460.v1
Tsintou, M.; Dalamagkas, K.; Moore, T. L.; Rathi, Y.; Kubicki, M.; Rosene, D. L.; Makris, N. The Use of Hydrogel-Delivered Extracellular Vesicles in Recovery of Motor Function in Stroke: A Testable Experimental Hypothesis for Clinical Translation including Behavioral and Neuroimaging Assessment Approaches. Preprints2020, 2020050460. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202005.0460.v1
APA Style
Tsintou, M., Dalamagkas, K., Moore, T. L., Rathi, Y., Kubicki, M., Rosene, D. L., & Makris, N. (2020). <strong>The Use of Hydrogel-Delivered Extracellular Vesicles in Recovery of Motor Function in Stroke: A Testable Experimental Hypothesis for Clinical Translation including Behavioral and Neuroimaging Assessment Approaches</strong>. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202005.0460.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Tsintou, M., Douglas L Rosene and Nikos Makris. 2020 "<strong>The Use of Hydrogel-Delivered Extracellular Vesicles in Recovery of Motor Function in Stroke: A Testable Experimental Hypothesis for Clinical Translation including Behavioral and Neuroimaging Assessment Approaches</strong>" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202005.0460.v1
Abstract
Neural tissue engineering, nanotechnology and neuroregeneration are diverse biomedical disciplines that have been working together in recent decades to solve the complex problems linked to central nervous system (CNS) repair. It is known that the CNS demonstrates a very limited regenerative capacity because of a microenvironment that impedes effective regenerative processes, making development of CNS therapeutics challenging. Given the high prevalence of CNS conditions such as stroke that damage the brain and place a severe burden on afflicted individuals and on society, it is of utmost significance to explore the optimum methodologies for finding treatments that could be applied to humans for restoration of function to pre-injury levels. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), also known as exosomes, when derived from mesenchymal stem cells, are one of the most promising approaches that have been attempted thus far, as EVs deliver factors that stimulate recovery by acting at the nanoscale level on intercellular communication while avoiding the risks linked to stem cell transplantation. At the same time, advances in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine have offered the potential of using hydrogels as bio-scaffolds in order to provide the stroma required for neural repair to occur, as well as the release of biomolecules facilitating or inducing the reparative processes. This review introduces a novel experimental hypothesis regarding the benefits that could be offered if EVs were to be combined with biocompatible injectable hydrogels. The rationale behind this hypothesis is presented, analyzing how a hydrogel might prolong the retention of EVs and maximize the localized benefit to the brain. This sustained delivery of EVs would be coupled with essential guidance cues and structural support from the hydrogel until neural tissue remodeling and regeneration occur. Finally, the importance of including non-human primate (NHP) models in the clinical translation pipeline, as well as the added benefit of multi-modal neuroimage analysis to establish non-invasive, in vivo, quantifiable imaging-based biomarkers for CNS repair are discussed, aiming for more effective and safe clinical translation of such regenerative therapies to humans.
Biology and Life Sciences, Neuroscience and Neurology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.