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Impact of sarcopenia on long-term outcomes in hepatocellular carcinoma treated with trans-arterial radioembolization: A retrospective multi-center study
Nam, H.; Yang, H.; Chun, H.S.; Lee, H.A.; Nam, J.Y.; Jang, J.W.; Seo, Y.S.; Kim, D.Y.; Kim, Y.J.; Bae, S.H. Impact of Low Skeletal Muscle Mass on Long-Term Outcomes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with Trans-Arterial Radioembolization: A Retrospective Multi-Center Study. Cancers2023, 15, 5195.
Nam, H.; Yang, H.; Chun, H.S.; Lee, H.A.; Nam, J.Y.; Jang, J.W.; Seo, Y.S.; Kim, D.Y.; Kim, Y.J.; Bae, S.H. Impact of Low Skeletal Muscle Mass on Long-Term Outcomes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with Trans-Arterial Radioembolization: A Retrospective Multi-Center Study. Cancers 2023, 15, 5195.
Nam, H.; Yang, H.; Chun, H.S.; Lee, H.A.; Nam, J.Y.; Jang, J.W.; Seo, Y.S.; Kim, D.Y.; Kim, Y.J.; Bae, S.H. Impact of Low Skeletal Muscle Mass on Long-Term Outcomes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with Trans-Arterial Radioembolization: A Retrospective Multi-Center Study. Cancers2023, 15, 5195.
Nam, H.; Yang, H.; Chun, H.S.; Lee, H.A.; Nam, J.Y.; Jang, J.W.; Seo, Y.S.; Kim, D.Y.; Kim, Y.J.; Bae, S.H. Impact of Low Skeletal Muscle Mass on Long-Term Outcomes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with Trans-Arterial Radioembolization: A Retrospective Multi-Center Study. Cancers 2023, 15, 5195.
Abstract
Trans-arterial radioembolization (TARE) is a form of radiation therapy performed for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) via selective intra-arterial injection of Yttrium-90 loaded microspheres. This was a multicenter retrospective study of consecutive patients with HCC who underwent TARE between July 2009 and May 2019. Using pre-treatment computed tomography imaging, the total cross-sectional area (cm2) of the abdominal skeletal muscle at the third lumbar vertebra was measured. The skeletal muscle index (SMI) was calculated by normalizing the muscle area to patient height. In total, 347 patients (median age, 65 years; 284 male) were included in the study. A total of 108 (31.1%) patients had portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) and 126 (36.3%) were classified as sarcopenic. The median overall survival (OS) was 28.1 months (95% CI, 24.8-35.7) and median progression-free survival was 8.0 months (95% CI, 6.4-9.4). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that sarcopenia (hazard ratio [HR], 1.36; 95% CI, 1.00-1.85, p = 0.05), PVTT (HR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.33-2.49, p < 0.01), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) (≥200 ng/mL) (HR 1.41; 95% CI, 1.04-1.92, p = 0.03), and albumin-bilirubin grade (2-3) (HR 1.74; 95% CI, 1.24-2.43, p < 0.01) were independently associated with poor OS. TARE provided favorable long-term outcomes for patients with advanced HCC. Pre-treatment sarcopenia independently associated with survival, suggesting its utility as a surrogate biomarker for identifying TARE candidates.
Medicine and Pharmacology, Gastroenterology and Hepatology
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