Review
Version 1
Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed
The California Coast and Living Shorelines - A Critical Look
Version 1
: Received: 5 January 2024 / Approved: 8 January 2024 / Online: 8 January 2024 (10:03:10 CET)
A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.
Griggs, G.B. The California Coast and Living Shorelines—A Critical Look. J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12, 199. Griggs, G.B. The California Coast and Living Shorelines—A Critical Look. J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12, 199.
Abstract
California and most other coastlines around the world are being impacted by both long-term sea-level rise and short-term extreme events. Because of California’s long and intensively developed coastline, it is an important area for evaluating responses to these challenges. The predominant historic approach to coastal erosion in California and globally has been the construction of hard coastal armoring such as seawalls and rock revetments. The concept of living shorelines – defined as using natural elements like plants, sand or rocks to stabilize the coastline – has been widely proposed as a soft or green response to coastal erosion and flooding. These approaches have very limited application in high-energy environments, however, such as California’s 1,100-mile-long outer coast and are not realistic solutions for protection from wave attack at high tides or long-term sea-level rise. Each of the state’s coastal communities need to identify their most vulnerable areas, develop adaptation plans, and plan eventual relocation strategies in response to an accelerating sea-level rise.
Keywords
living shorelines, coastal protection, shoreline erosion,
Subject
Environmental and Earth Sciences, Oceanography
Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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