Version 1
: Received: 17 May 2024 / Approved: 20 May 2024 / Online: 20 May 2024 (09:35:38 CEST)
How to cite:
Hashemi, F.; Young, S.; Hashemi, H.; Leiviskä, T.; Shafea, L.; Khedri, M.; Borj, B. P.; Sayyadi, A.; Hajivand, M. Water Footprint Reduction in Oil and Gas Refineries through Water Reuse: A Systematic Review. Preprints2024, 2024051253. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202405.1253.v1
Hashemi, F.; Young, S.; Hashemi, H.; Leiviskä, T.; Shafea, L.; Khedri, M.; Borj, B. P.; Sayyadi, A.; Hajivand, M. Water Footprint Reduction in Oil and Gas Refineries through Water Reuse: A Systematic Review. Preprints 2024, 2024051253. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202405.1253.v1
Hashemi, F.; Young, S.; Hashemi, H.; Leiviskä, T.; Shafea, L.; Khedri, M.; Borj, B. P.; Sayyadi, A.; Hajivand, M. Water Footprint Reduction in Oil and Gas Refineries through Water Reuse: A Systematic Review. Preprints2024, 2024051253. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202405.1253.v1
APA Style
Hashemi, F., Young, S., Hashemi, H., Leiviskä, T., Shafea, L., Khedri, M., Borj, B. P., Sayyadi, A., & Hajivand, M. (2024). Water Footprint Reduction in Oil and Gas Refineries through Water Reuse: A Systematic Review. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202405.1253.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Hashemi, F., Abbas Sayyadi and Marjan Hajivand. 2024 "Water Footprint Reduction in Oil and Gas Refineries through Water Reuse: A Systematic Review" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202405.1253.v1
Abstract
Oil and gas refineries are highly water-intensive industrial settings, with effluent containing a significant level of pollution stemming from diverse organic and inorganic compounds. Besides adhering to discharge standards for industrial effluent, incorporating treated oil refinery effluent (ORE) into the production cycle can play a pivotal role in curbing water consumption. In recent years, there has been research into different approaches to reclaiming ORE. Yet, selecting treatment methods that are technically, economically, and environmentally effective is crucial to preventing resource waste. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the last two decades of literature on methods and technologies used for ORE treatment. Based on the inclusion criteria, the final screening included 82 studies, with acceptable agreement assessed using Cohen's inter-examiner kappa equal to 0.86. The included studies were of biological treatment (n = 27), physicochemical processes (n = 12), advanced purification processes (n = 16), membrane-based technologies (n = 15), and green technologies (n = 13). This comprehensive review showed that the advanced membrane-based techniques are effective in the removal of pollutants from ORE for several reasons, such as reducing the consumption of chemicals, high efficiency, and ease of setup and maintenance. However, combined methods with a focus on membrane-based processes (e.g. UF-RO) are the most promising options for the reclamation of ORE. Since some effluent treatment methods require the use of chemicals and energy to run, future research should focus on environmentally friendly methods and the use of renewable energy.
Keywords
oil refinery effluent; reclamation and reuse; wastewater treatment; systematic review
Subject
Engineering, Other
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
