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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.2004.v1

Radiomics Features of FDG PET Images Predict ApoE4 and may Provide Clues for Further Studies on Alzheimer’s Disease

Ramin Rasi, Albert Guvenis

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Alzheimer’ s Disease (AD); Apolipoprotein E (ApoE); FDG PET; machine learning; radiomics

Online: 25 September 2024 (11:52:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1901.v1

The Impact of Data Packet Loss on Neural Decoding

Jiaqi Zheng, Yuan Li, Liangliang Chen, Fei Wang, Boxuan Gu, Qixiang Sun, Xiang Gao, Fan Zhou

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Neural Decoding; Packet Loss; Gilbert-Elliott Model

Online: 24 September 2024 (11:15:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1703.v1

A Novel Tiny Open-Source Board BioRon_EEG for Dry Active Electrode

ildar rakhmatulin

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Silver Chloride electrode; active EEG electrode; open-source

Online: 24 September 2024 (04:05:42 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1722.v1

An Overview of Software Sensor Applications in Biosystem Monitoring and Control

Nasem Badreldin, Xiaodong Cheng, Ali Youssef

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Software sensors; Biosystems; Monitoring; Control; Machine-Learning; Digital Agriculture

Online: 23 September 2024 (07:36:50 CEST)

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This review article explores the innovative application of software sensors for monitoring and controlling biosystems, emphasizing their advantage in managing the complexities of various biological processes. Biosystems—from cellular interactions to ecological dynamics—are characterized by intrinsic nonlinearity, temporal variability, and uncertainty, posing significant challenges for traditional monitoring approaches. A critical challenge highlighted is that what is typically measurable may not align with what needs to be monitored. Software sensors bridge this gap by combining hardware sensor data with advanced computational modelling techniques to indirectly infer hard-to-measure target variables, such as stress level, animal and human health indicators, and chemical soil properties. The article outlines advancements in sensor technologies and their integration into model-based monitoring and control systems, leveraging the capabilities of Internet of Things (IoT) devices, wearables, remote sensing, and smart sensors. It provides an overview of common methodologies for designing software sensors, focusing on the modelling process. The discussion contrasts hypothetico-deductive (mechanistic) models with inductive (data-driven) models, illustrating the trade-offs between model accuracy and interpretability. Specific case studies are presented, showcasing software sensor applications such as the use of Kalman filter in greenhouse control, remote detection of soil organic matter, and sound recognition algorithms for early detection of respiratory infections in animals. Key challenges in designing software sensors, including the complexity of biological systems, inherent temporal and individual variabilities, and the trade-offs between model simplicity and predictive performance, are also discussed. This article positions software sensor as remarkable tool for advancing biosystem management, driving forward the potential for sustainable practices in various sectors such as agriculture, healthcare, and environmental monitoring.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1539.v1

The Detection and Classification of Scaphoid Fracture in Radiograph by Using the Convolutional Neural Network

Ming-Huwi Horng, Tai-Hua Yang, Yung-Nien Sun, Rong-Shiang Li

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: medical image; scaphoid bone; scaphoid fractures,; multi-view detection and segmantation; convolutional neural network

Online: 19 September 2024 (13:53:32 CEST)

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Objective: Scaphoid fractures, particularly occult and non-displaced fractures, are difficult to detect using traditional X-ray methods due to their subtle appearance and variability in bone density. The study proposes a two-stage CNN approach to detect and classify scaphoid fractures using anterior-posterior (AP) and lateral (LA) X-ray views for more accurate diagnosis. Methods: The study emphasizes the use of multi-view X-ray images (AP and LA views) to improve fracture detection and classification. The multi-view fusion module helps integrate information from both views to enhance detection accuracy, particularly for occult fractures that may not be visible in a single view. The proposed method includes two stages that are stage 1: Detect the scaphoid bone using Faster R-CNN and Feature Pyramid Network (FPN) for region proposal and small object detection. The detection accuracy for scaphoid localization is 100% with Intersection over Union (IoU) scores of 0.8662 for AP views and 0.8478 for LA views. And stage 2: Perform fracture classification using a ResNet backbone and FPN combined with a multi-view fusion module to combine features from both AP and LA views. This stage achieves a classification accuracy of 89.94%, recall of 87.33%, and precision of 90.36%. Results: The proposed model performs well in both scaphoid bone detection and fracture classification. The multi-view fusion approach significantly improves recall and accuracy in detecting fractures compared to single-view approaches. In scaphoid detection, both AP and LA views achieved 100% detection accuracy. In fracture detection, using multi-view fusion, the accuracy for AP views reached 87.16%, and for LA views, it reached 83.83%. Conclusion: The multi-view fusion model effectively improves the detection of scaphoid fractures, particularly in cases of occult and non-displaced fractures. The model provides a reliable, automated approach to assist clinicians in detecting and diagnosing scaphoid fractures more efficiently.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1401.v1

Effects of Salt Concentration on a Magnetic Nanoparticle-Based Aggregation Assay with a Tunable Dynamic Range

Gabrielle Rose Moss, Christian Knopke, Solomon G Diamond

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: aggregation assay; magnetic particle spectroscopy; biosensor; tunable dynamic range

Online: 18 September 2024 (12:07:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1347.v1

Evaluating Stacked Dielectric Elastomer Actuators as Soft Motor Units for Forming Artificial Muscles in Biomimetic Rehabilitation Robots

Vahid Mohammadi, Sahel Mohammadi Ghalehney, Mohammad Tajdani, Samuel C.K. Lee, Ahad Behboodi

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Actuators; Muscles; Rehabilitation robotics; Soft robotics; SDEA; Force

Online: 18 September 2024 (10:26:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1297.v1

Development of Chitosan Scaffold Carrier Device for Absorption and Controlled Release of Iron Chloride Using In Vitro Methods of Characterization

Ingrid Russoni de Lima, Márcio Teodoro Fernandes, Cristiane Xavier Resende, Bonifácio Oliveira Fialho, Leonardo Martins Silva, Charle Correia da Silva, Gláucio Soares da Fonseca, Renata Antoum Simão, José Adilson Castro, Marcos Flávio de Campos

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: chitosan scaffold; physicochemical characterization; iron chloride; controlled release model simulation ;

Online: 17 September 2024 (11:55:11 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1220.v1

Revision of Robotic Prostheses Manufactured with 3D Printing: Advances, Challenges and Future Perspectives

Maxwell Salazar, Paola Portero, Marcelo Zambrano, Ricardo Rosero

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Robotic prostheses; 3D printing; personalized design

Online: 16 September 2024 (12:26:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1199.v1

A Soft Exoskeleton System Based-On Segmented Composite Proprioceptive Bending Actuators for Hand Rehabilitation ADL Tasks

Kai Li, Daohui Zhang, Yaqi Chu, Xingang Zhao, Shuheng Ren, Xudong Hou

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Joint stiffness predicted; extension angle; Segmented Composite Proprioceptive Bending Actuators (SCPBAs); bending resistance; soft hand exoskeleton system

Online: 16 September 2024 (10:15:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1059.v1

Thermal Bed Design for Temperature-Controlled DNA Amplification Using Optoelectronic Sensors

Guillermo Garcia-Torales, H. Torres-Ortega, Ruben Estrada-Marmolejo, Anuar B. Beltran-Gonzalez, Marija Strojnik

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: LAMP; DNA amplification; microfluidics; thermal control; optoelectronic sensors

Online: 14 September 2024 (10:11:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1029.v1

Foot-Floor Contact Sequences: A Metric for Gait Assessment in Parkinson’s Disease after Deep Brain Stimulation

Marco Ghislieri, Valentina Agostini, Laura Rizzi, Chiara Fronda, Marco Knaflitz, Michele Lanotte

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: DBS; foot-floor contact; gait analysis; locomotion; PD

Online: 13 September 2024 (03:02:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0869.v1

Effects of Cognitive Dual-Tasking on Biomechanics and Neuromuscular Control during the Transition to Walking from Standing or Sitting Postures in Young Adults

Angeloh Stout, Kaye Mabbun, Ke'Vaughn Waldon, Marvin Alvarez, Stacy Nguyen, Miguel Barcellano, Sandra Cuenca, Chuan-Fa Tang, Aanand Naik, Gu Eon Kang

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Dual-Task; Gait Initiation; Sit-to-Walk; Hesitation; Anticipatory Postural Adjustment

Online: 11 September 2024 (07:32:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1095.v2

Biomechanical Effects on Periodontal Ligaments during Expansion of the Maxillary Arch Using Thermoformed Aligners Modeled by Computational Methods

Gustavo Adolfo Rojas, Jose Isidro Garcia Melo, Juan Sebastian Aristizabal Mullet

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: amelocemental junction; FEM simulation; maxillary arch; thermo-formed aligners; complementary biomechanical attachments CBA

Online: 10 September 2024 (09:51:36 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0771.v1

Part-Prototypes Models in Medical Imaging: Applications and Current Challenges

Lisa Anita De Santi, Franco Italo Piparo, Filippo Bargagna, Maria Filomena Santarelli, Simona Celi, Vincenzo Positano

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Deep Learning; XAI; Interpretability-by-Design; Part-prototypes Models; Medical Imaging

Online: 10 September 2024 (07:35:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0608.v1

Comparing the Ground Reaction Forces, Toe Clearances, and Stride Lengths of Young and Older Adults Using a Novel Shoe Sensor System

Hide Matsumoto, Masaki Tomosada, Toshiaki Nishi, Yoshinori Sasaki, Ryota Sakurai, Takeshi Yamaguchi

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: shoe sensor system; aging; gait; ground reaction force; stride length; toe clearance

Online: 9 September 2024 (08:43:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0447.v1

A Zinc Oxide Nanorod-Based Electrochemical Biosensor for the Detection of Tumor Markers in Saliva

Junrong Li, Yihao Ding, Yuxuan Shi, Zhiying Liu, Jun Lin, Rui Cao, Miaomiao Wang, Yushuo Tan, Xiaolin Zong, Zhan Qu, Liping Du, Chunsheng Wu

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: carcinoembryonic antigen; oral squamous cell carcinoma; electrochemical; biosensor; saliva

Online: 6 September 2024 (12:01:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0404.v1

Further Development and Validation of an Interpretable Deep Learning Model for IR Image Based Breast Cancer Diagnosis

Yerken Mirasbekov, Nurduman Aidossov, Aigerim Mashekova, Vasilios Zarikas, Yong Zhao, Eddie Yin Kwee Ng, Anna Midlenko

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Breast cancer; Bayesian Networks; Convolutional Neural Network; Explainable artificial intelligence; Machine Learning; Thermography

Online: 5 September 2024 (11:00:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0299.v1

A New Tool for Extracting Static and Dynamic Parameters from [¹⁸F]F-DOPA PET/CT in Pediatric Gliomas

Michele Mureddu, Thomas Funck, Giovanni Morana, Andrea Rossi, Antonia Ramaglia, Claudia Milanaccio, Antonio Verrico, Gianluca Bottoni, Francesco Fiz, Arnoldo Piccardo, Marco Massimo Fato, Trò Rosella

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: automatic pipeline; brain gliomas; [¹⁸F]F-DOPA PET imaging; FLAIR MRI; pediatric gliomas

Online: 4 September 2024 (18:11:23 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0310.v1

Evaluating Mobility in Parkinson’s Disease through Wearable Sensors: A Systematic Review of Digital Biomarkers

Carlos Polvorinos-Fernández, Luis Sigcha, Luigi Borzì, Gabriella Olmo, César Asensio, Juan Manuel López, Guillermo de Arcas, Ignacio Pavón

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Parkinson’ s disease; digital biomarkers; motor symptoms; ; wearables; body-worn sensors; machine learning

Online: 4 September 2024 (08:32:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1897.v1

The Technical and Economic Aspects of Integrating Energy Sectors for Climate Neutrality

Dorel Stoica, Lucian Mihăescu, Gheorghe Lazăroiu, George Cristian Lăzăroiu

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: climate neutrality; green hydrogen; energy storage

Online: 27 August 2024 (16:36:28 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1704.v1

Human Centered Sensor Technologies for Soft Robotic Gripper: A Comprehensive Review

Md. Tasnim Rana, Md. Shariful Islam, Azizur Rahman

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: bio-robotics; gripper sensor; soft robotics; tactile sensing; sensor selection; PRISMA methodology; soft actuation

Online: 27 August 2024 (02:44:37 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1750.v1

Revolutionizing Patient Care: A Comprehensive Review of Recent Advances in Flexible Printed Heaters for Wearable Medical Applications

Hundessa Daba Nemomssa, Frederick Bossuyt, Bjorn Vandecasteele, Herbert De Pauw, Netsanet Workneh Gidi, Pieter Bauwens

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: flexible printed heater; conductive material; substrate material; heater design; wearable medical applications

Online: 23 August 2024 (15:17:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1614.v1

Evaluation and Prototype of Health Counseling LLM Using the Turing Test

Kenji Nakamura, Hisato Tatsuoka, Takuya Miyakawa, Hideki Ishii, Masahiro Onishi, Yoshiaki Ohyama

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Telemedicine; Health Counseling; Large Language Models (LLM); Turing Test; Health counseling; Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare; Remote Health Monitoring; Personal Health Record (PHR)

Online: 22 August 2024 (08:25:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1494.v1

A Dataset of Visible Light and Thermal Infrared Images for Health Monitoring of Caged Laying Hens in Large-scale Farming

Weihong Ma, Xingmeng Wang, Xianglong Xue, Mingyu Li, Simon X. Yang, Yuhang Guo, Ronghua Gao, Lepeng Song, Qifeng Li

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Chicken Head Detection; Laying Hen Counting; Caged Henhouse Health Inspection; Visible Light and Thermal Infrared Image Alignment; Deep Learning

Online: 21 August 2024 (09:44:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1211.v1

Surface Engineering of Ti6Al4V: Impact of Rhenium-Carbon Coatings with Molybdenum Anchors on Biocompatibility and Corrosion Behavior

Giovany Orozco-Hernández, Sara V. Mosquera-Diaz, Juliana V. Ramírez-Monroy, Willian Aperador, Adriana P. Corredor-Figueroa, Yaneth Pineda-Triana

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: ; Ti6Al4V; rhenium-carbon coatings; corrosion resistance; biocompatibility; surface roughness ;

Online: 16 August 2024 (07:09:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1178.v1

Achieving Real-time Prediction of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation Onset by Convolutional Neural Network and Sliding Window on R-R Interval Sequences

Wenjing Chen, Peirong Zheng, Yuxiang Bu, Yuanning Xu, Dakun Lai

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: arrhythmias; paroxysmal atrial fibrillation; electrocardiogram; heart rate variability; deep learning; onset prediction; real-time; monitoring; algorithm

Online: 15 August 2024 (14:29:37 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0973.v1

A Comprehensive Review on Viscoelastic Parameters Used for Engineering Materials Including Soft Materials and the Relationships between Different Damping Parameters

Hasan Koruk, Srinath Rajagopal

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: damping; complex modulus; loss factor; characterization; soft material; ultrasound; viscoelastic properties; viscosity; dynamic indentation; rheometry

Online: 14 August 2024 (09:29:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0943.v1

Research on Integrated Technology of Synthetic Biology Automated Casting Platform

Sidi Li, Cui Ma, Fan Yang, Shu Chen, Kai He

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Synthetic biology; Automation; Integrated technology

Online: 14 August 2024 (03:01:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0901.v1

Design, Simulation and Functional Testing of a Novel Ankle Ex-oskeleton with 3DOFs

Gani Sergazin, Nursultan Zhetenbayev, Gulzhamal Tursunbayeva, Arman Uzbekbayev, Aizada Sarina, Yerkebulan Nurgizat, Arailym Nussibaliyeva

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: ankle exoskeleton; motion assisting devices.; design and simulation; biomechanics

Online: 13 August 2024 (11:36:59 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0208.v2

Offsetting Dense Particle Sedimentation in Microfluidic Systems

Tochukwu D. Anyaduba, Jesus Rodriguez-Manzano

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: microfluidics; beads; sedimentation; cloud point; droplet microfluidics; phase change; surfactant; hindered settling; Richardson-Zaki; stokes law; fluid dynamics; fluid splitting; fluid metering; dense particles

Online: 12 August 2024 (03:34:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0676.v1

EEG-TCNTransformer: A Temporal Convolutional Transformer for Motor Imagery Brain-Computer Interfaces

Anh Hoang Phuc Nguyen, Oluwabunmi Oyefisayo, Maximilian Achim Pfeffer, Sai Ho Ling

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Brain-computer interface; motor imagery; electroencephalography; convolutional neural network; transformer; self-attention; bandpass filter

Online: 9 August 2024 (12:15:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0470.v1

STORMS: Occupational Telerehabilitation in Multiple Sclerosis

Silvana Dellepiane, Lucilla Vestito, Laura Mori, Carlo Trompetto, Fabio Bandini, Giulia Iaconi, Federica Ferraro, Giulia Genesio

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Internet of Medical Things; telerehabilitation; multiple sclerosis; remote patient monitoring; occupational rehabilitation

Online: 7 August 2024 (09:11:35 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0208.v1

Offsetting Dense Particle Sedimentation in Microfluidic Systems

Tochukwu Dubem Anyaduba

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: microfluidics; beads; sedimentation; cloud point; droplet microfluidics; phase change; surfactant; hindered settling; Richardson-Zaki; stokes law; fluid dynamics; fluid splitting; fluid metering; dense particles

Online: 6 August 2024 (03:47:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0141.v1

Loading Round Wood in Forestry Trucks and Forestry Platforms: A Case Study for Romania

Elena Camelia Mușat, Gheorghiță Lucian Abutnăriței, Dumitrel Daniel Hogea, Lucian Denis Miu, Vasile Nicolae Avram, Ștefan Saicu, Rudolf Alexandru Derczeni

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: wood transport; round wood; forestry trucks; forest; accessibility; Romania

Online: 2 August 2024 (06:41:07 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2538.v1

Flowrate Sensing and Measurement in Smart Inhalers

Ivan Mysovskikh, Mathew Legg, Serge Demidenko

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: smart inhaler; inhalation flowrate; airflow measurement

Online: 31 July 2024 (15:23:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2540.v1

Investigation of a Camera-Based Contactless Pulse Oximeter with Time-Division Multiplex Illumination on Piglets for Neonatological Applications

René Thull, Sybelle Goedicke-Fritz, Daniel Schmiech, Aly Marnach, Simon Müller, Christina Körbel, Matthias W. Laschke, Erol Tutdibi, Nasenien Nourkami-Tutdibi, Elisabeth Kaiser, Regine Weber, Michael Zemlin, Andreas R. Diewald

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Optical sensors; Nonlinear dynamical systems; Image sensors; Biomedical signal processing; Biomedical monitoring; In vivo; Neonatology

Online: 31 July 2024 (13:57:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2520.v1

A Platform Technology for VR Biofeedback Training under Operant Conditioning for Functional Lower Limb Weakness

Anirban Dutta, Abhijit Das

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: functional neurological disorder; functional motor disorder; operant conditioning; sensory attenuation and amplification; functional near-infrared spectroscopy; electroencephalography

Online: 31 July 2024 (09:39:24 CEST)

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Functional neurological disorder (FND) is a complex condition that involves a disruption in the brain's ability to properly integrate sensory input and prior expectations, leading to motor dysfunction in functional motor disorders (FMD). This study investigates the role of sensory attenuation and the sense of agency in FMD, focusing on how these mechanisms can be leveraged for therapeutic interventions. Sensory attenuation, the brain's ability to predict and reduce the intensity of self-generated sensory inputs, is impaired in FMD, leading to a reduced sense of agency. This impairment disrupts motor control and contributes to the perception of involuntary movements.We propose using a bipedal reaching virtual reality (VR) task combined with a haptic ankle device to explore and potentially rehabilitate these impairments. In this task, foot positions are represented by VR objects, with initial weighting favoring the unaffected limb. This weighting gradually shifts to the affected limb as its involvement increases under operant conditioning. The task occasionally introduces perturbations to probe motor-related processing and feedback correction, providing a sensitive measure of visuomotor control. Additionally, we incorporate neuroimaging techniques, specifically functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and electroencephalography (EEG), to monitor brain activity and assess the effectiveness of these interventions. This approach aims to enhance understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying FND and develop targeted therapies that improve motor control by leveraging the interplay between sensory attenuation and amplification.Our findings could provide valuable insights into the treatment of FND, emphasizing the importance of feedback modulation and the integration of modern technologies like VR and haptic feedback in therapeutic interventions. This research has the potential to significantly improve the prognosis and quality of life for individuals with FND.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2487.v1

Mechanical Behaviour of Breast Tissue: An In-Depth Systematic Review

Letlhogonolo Semakane, Turup Pandurangan Mohan, Harry Ngwangwa, Thanyani Pandelani, Fulufhelo Nemavhola

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Mechanical properties; Mechanical characterisation; breast tissues; soft tissue

Online: 31 July 2024 (07:04:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1991.v1

Leveraging Classifier Performance Using Heuristic Optimization for Detecting Cardiovascular Disease from PPG Signals

Sivamani Palanisamy, Harikumar Rajaguru

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: CVD, Dimensionality Reduction, LR, KNN, LDA, SVM

Online: 25 July 2024 (12:57:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1914.v1

Radiofrequency Enhancer to Recover Signal Dropouts in 7 Tesla Diffusion MRI

Varun Subramaniam, Andrew Frankini, Ameen Al Qadi, Mackenzie T Langan, Gaurav Verma, Bradley N Delman, Priti Balchandani, Akbar Alipour

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: ; RF resonator; diffusion MRI; inductive coupling; ultra-high field MRI ;

Online: 24 July 2024 (07:58:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1839.v1

Approximate and Sample Entropy of the Center of Pressure during Unperturbed Tandem Standing: Effect of Altering the Tolerance Window

Jayla Wesley, Samhita Rhodes, David W. Zeitler, Gordon Alderink

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: approximate entropy; sample entropy; tandem standing balance; center of pressure; complexity; tolerance; nonlinear time series; downsampling

Online: 24 July 2024 (07:05:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1861.v1

InfraRed Thermographic Measurements in Parkinson’s Disease Subjects

Antonio Cannuli, Fabrizio Freni, Antonino Quattrocchi, Andrea Venuto, Roberto Montanini

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: infrared thermography; Parkinson’s disease; autonomic dysfunction; thermoregulation

Online: 23 July 2024 (18:07:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1736.v1

Machine Learning Algorithm for Predicting Distant Metastasis of T1 and T2 Gallbladder Cancer Based on Seer Database

Zhentian Guo, Zongming Zhang, Limin Liu, Yue Zhao, Zhuo Liu, Chong Zhang, Hui Qi, Jinqiu Feng, Peijie Yao, Haiming Yuan

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: machine learning; SEER; gallbladder cancer; distant metastasis

Online: 22 July 2024 (17:31:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1378.v1

New Insights into the Effect of Temperature Variation on the Force Released by Superelastic Orthodontic Wires. Part II: Phase Transition Temperatures

Roberto De Santis, Vincenzo D'Antò, Martina Santoro, Antonio Gloria

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: NiTi; CuNiTi; Superelasticity; Experimental design; Bending; Plateau force; Mechanical and thermal measurements; Transition temperatures

Online: 17 July 2024 (13:46:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1326.v1

New Insights into the Force Released by Superelastic Orthodontic Wires. Part I: Force vs Deflection Diagrams

Antonio Gloria, Vincenzo D’Antò, Martina Santoro, Teresa Russo, Roberto De Santis

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: NiTi, CuNiTi, Superelasticity, Experimental design, Bending, Plateau force, Mechanical and thermal measurements

Online: 16 July 2024 (23:17:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1293.v1

Pilot Evaluation of Silicone Surrogates for Oral Mucosa Simulation in Craniofacial Surgical Training

Mitchell Dennis Cin, Krishna Sai Koka, Justin Darragh, Zahra Nourmohammadi, Usama Hamdan, David A. Zopf

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: silicone; mucosa; surgery; craniofacial; otolaryngology; plastics; plastic surgery; education

Online: 16 July 2024 (12:59:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1025.v1

Assessment of Adolescent Soccer Players' Physical Performance Using Inertial Measurement Units and Principal Component Analysis

Giacomo Villa, Foivos Papaioannou, Manuela Galli, Veronica Cimolin

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Soccer players performance; objective physical measurements; Inertial Measurement Units; Principal Component Analysis; wearable sensors; medical software

Online: 15 July 2024 (11:10:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1093.v1

IoT Wearable Sensors for Automatic Boxing Punch Recognition and Classification Based on Upper Limb Biomechanics

Saravanan Manoharan, John Warburton, Ravi Sadananda Hegde, Ranganathan Srinivasan, Babji Srinivasan

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: IoT Wearables; punch Detection and Classification; Computer Vision; Punch Key Performance Indicator (KPI)

Online: 14 July 2024 (03:11:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0785.v1

3D Simulation-Driven Design of a Microfluidic Immunosensor for Real-Time Monitoring of Sweat Biomarkers

Nessrine JEBARI, Elisabeth Dufour-Gergam, Mehdi AMMAR

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: microfluidic immunosensor; 3D simulation; capacitive sensing; magnetofluidic manipulation; real-time monitoring

Online: 10 July 2024 (11:54:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1090.v2

Efficient Hydroxyapatite Extraction From Salmon Bone Waste: An Improved Lab-Scaled Physico-Chemico-Biological Process

Francisco Muñoz, Ziyad S. Haidar, Andreu Puigdollers, Ignacio Guerra, Maria Cristina Padilla, Nicole Ortega, Mercedes Balcells, María José García

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Hydroxyapatite; Salmon Bone; Bone Repair; Biomaterial; Osteoregeneration; Process

Online: 9 July 2024 (10:47:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0616.v1

Distributed Wearable Ultrasound Sensors Predicts Isometric Ground Reaction Force

Erica L King, Shriniwas Patwardhan, Ahmed Bashatah, Meghan Magee, Margaret T Jones, Qi Wei, Siddhartha Sikdar, Parag V Chitnis

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: wearable ultrasound; force production; neuromuscular monitoring

Online: 9 July 2024 (02:55:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0392.v1

Enhanced Brain-to-Brain Communication Security via Adversarial Neural Network Training

Hossein Ahmadi, Ali Kuhestani, MohammadReza Keshavarzi, Luca Mesin

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Adversarial Neural Network Training; Brain-to-Brain Communication; Electroencephalogram; Adversarial Attacks; Neuro-engineering; Security Enhancement; Robustness; Machine Learning

Online: 4 July 2024 (14:29:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0370.v1

A Novel Design of Oral Appliance for Monitoring the EMG of the Genioglossus Muscle in Wakefulness

Thamer Y Marghalani, Haitham M Al-Angari, Ruwaa M Salamah

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Obstructive sleep apnea; Genioglossus muscle; Electromyogram; Oral appliance; OSA diagnosis; Dental de-vice.

Online: 4 July 2024 (09:18:54 CEST)

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Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent source of sleep-disordered breathing, generally caused by common factors in modern life. OSA is most commonly associated with dysfunctions in the genioglossus (GG) muscles. In this study, we present the first version of a medical device that measures the electromyogram (EMG) of the GG. The prototype is composed of a (custom-made) 3D-printed mouthpiece. Impressions were taken for the lower arch and scanned with a lab scanner to be converted into digital impressions. ExoCad software was used to design the appliance. Fusion 360 software was then used to modify the design and create tubes to house the electrodes in a bilateral configuration to secure excellent and continuous contact with the GG muscle. Silver-silver chloride electrodes were incorporated within the appliance through the created tubes to record the muscle EMG. In this preliminary prototype, the EMG amplifier was placed outside the mouth, and isolated electric wires were connected to the amplifier input. Simple tests that included a group of OSA patients and a control group were done during wakefulness to check the comfort and stability of the device, understand the nature of GG EMG, and study which OSA might affect the daytime performance of the GG. The GG EMG was acquired from the participants for 60 seconds at Rest state when the participant rested his tongue without doing any activity. Then, the subject pushes his tongue against the fontal teeth with steady force while keeping the mouth closed (Active state). Several features were extracted from the acquired EMG: The results showed that mean power and standard deviation were higher in the control group than in the OSA group (p < 0.01). Regarding the wavelength during active state, the control group had a significantly longer wavelength than the OSA group (p < 0.01). Meanwhile, the mean frequency was higher in the OSA group (p < 0.01) at rest. Future research should focus on developing the device to be more user-friendly and easily used at home during wakefulness and sleep.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0400.v1

Robust Detection of Cracked Eggs Using a Multi-Domain Training Method with NSFE-MMD for Practical Egg Production

Wei Fan, Yidan Huang, Jingjing Zhang, Xuehong Zhang, Qiaohua Wang, Yuxuan Cheng

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Cracked egg; unknown egg test domain; multi-domain training; MMD; robust and efficient

Online: 4 July 2024 (06:43:42 CEST)

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The presence of cracks reduces egg quality and safety, which are easy to cause food safety hazards to consumers. Machine vision-based methods for crack egg detection have made significant success on in-domain egg data. However, the performance of deep learning models usually decreases under practical industrial scenarios, such as the different egg varieties, origins, and environmental changes. Existing researches which rely on improving network structures or increasing training data volumes, can not effectively solve the problem of model performance decline on unknown egg testing data in practical egg production. To address these challenges, a novel and robust detection method is proposed to extract max domain-invariant features to enhance the model performance on unknown testing egg data. Firstly, multi-domain egg data is built on different egg origins and acquisition devices. Then, a multi-domain trained strategy is established by using Maximum Mean Discrepancy with Normalized Squared Feature Estimation (NSFE-MMD) to obtain the optimal matching egg training domain. With the NSFE-MMD method, the original deep learning model can be applied without network structure improvements, which reduces the extremely complex tuning process and hyperparameter adjustments. Finally, robust crack egg detection experiments are carried out on several unknown testing egg domains. The YOLOV5 model trained by proposed multi-domain trained method with NSFE-MMD has a detection mAP of 86.6\% on the unknown test domain 4, and the YOLOV8 model has a detection mAP of 88.8\% on domain 4, which is an increase of 8\% and 4.4\% compared to the best performance of models trained on a single domain, and an increase of 4.7\% and 3.7\% compared to models trained on all domains. In addition, the YOLOV5 model trained by the proposed multi-domain trained method has a detection mAP of 87.9\% on egg data of the unknown testing domain 5. The experimental results demonstrate the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed multi-domain trained method, which can be more suitable for the large quantity and variety of egg detection production.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1490.v2

Driving Reality vs Simulator: Data Distinctions

Natalia Piaseczna, Rafał Doniec, Szymon Sieciński, Klaudia Barańska, Marek Jędrychowski, Marcin Grzegorzek

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: electrooculography; driving simulation; real-world driving; data distinctions; biomedical signal processing

Online: 3 July 2024 (06:36:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0021.v1

Development of a surface EMG for gait analysis and rehabilitation of hemiparetic

Didier Pradon, Li Tong, Christos Chalitsios, Nicolas Roche

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: EMG; Validation; Stroke; Gait; Gait

Online: 1 July 2024 (11:18:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0012.v1

Residue from the Passion Fruit Processing Industry: Application of Mathematical Drying Models for Seeds

Mario Eduardo R. Moreira Cavalcanti-Mata, Maria Elita Martins Duarte, Francisco de Assis Mendes, Manoel Tolentino Leite Filho, Rafaela Duarte Almeida, Anna Sylvia R. R. M. Cavalcanti, Renata Duarte Almeida

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa, fatty acids, physicochemical characteristics, flour production, oil Extraction, drying.

Online: 1 July 2024 (11:02:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0058.v1

Determining the Optimal Window Duration to Enhance Emotion Recognition Based on Galvanic Skin Response and Photoplethysmography Signals

Marcos F. Bamonte, Marcelo Risk, Victor Herrero

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Emotion Recognition; Galvanic Skin Response; Photoplethysmography; Optimal window duration; Nonlinear features; Machine Learning

Online: 1 July 2024 (10:07:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0037.v1

Evaluation of in Vitro Serotonin-Induced Electrochemical Fouling Performance of Boron Doped Diamond Microelectrode using Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetry

Mason L. Perillo, Bhavna Gupta, James R. Siegenthaler, Isabelle E. Christensen, Brandon Kepros, Abu Mitul, Ming Han, Robert Rechenberg, Michael F. Becker, Wen Li, Erin K. Purcell

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Serotonin, Fast Scan Cyclic Voltammetry, Boron Doped Diamond, Sensing, Neuroscience, Biomedical Engineering, Dopamine, Electrochemical Fouling, Neurotransmitter Detection, Microelectrodes

Online: 1 July 2024 (09:20:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1948.v1

Machine Learning Meets Meta-heuristics: Bald Eagle Search Optimization and Red Deer Optimization for Feature Selection in Type II Diabetes Diagnosis

Harikumar Rajaguru, Dinesh Chellappan

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Classifiers; Bald Eagle Search Optimization; Red Deer Optimization; Diabetic Detection; Performance Analysis; Feature extraction.

Online: 27 June 2024 (13:53:21 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1805.v1

A Fluorescent Lateral Flow Immunoassay for Detection of Skeletal Muscle Troponin I in Serum for Muscle Injury Monitoring at Point-of-Care

De Ding Tang, Shuang Wu, Meng Qi Kong, Zhao Nan Liu, Zong Hao Li, Ying Han, Qiang Shi, Ning Chang, Yan Gong, Jie Hu

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: lateral flow immunoassay; sports medicine; exercise-induced muscle injury; point-of-care testing

Online: 26 June 2024 (09:58:53 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1747.v1

The Application of Convolutional Neural Networks in Organ-on-a-Chip Technology: A Review

William Anderson, Morteza Sarmadi

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Organ-on-a-chip, OoC, Convolutional Neural Network, CNN, Review, Applications, device parameters, super-resolution, cell trajectories, image classification, image segmentation

Online: 25 June 2024 (08:44:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1578.v1

Pilot Evaluation of Silicone Surrogates for Oral Mucosa Simulation in Craniofacial Surgical Training

Mitchell Dennis Cin, Krishna Sai Koka, Justin Darragh, Zahra Nourmohammadi, Usama Hamdan, David A. Zopf

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: silicone; mucosa; surgery; craniofacial; otolaryngology; plastics; plastic surgery; education

Online: 24 June 2024 (12:36:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1517.v1

Study of the Effects of Wall Thickness and Size Variations on the Rupture Risk of Cerebral Aneurysms Using FSI Simulations

Daniel Díaz, Álvaro Valencia

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Cerebral aneurysms; thickness; size; FSI; simulations; aneurysm removal.

Online: 21 June 2024 (11:28:37 CEST)

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Preprint TECHNICAL NOTE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1272.v1

Estimation of Inferior Vena Cava Size from Ultrasound Imaging in X-Plane

Piero Policastro, Luca Mesin

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Inferior vena cava; Ultrasound; Tracking

Online: 20 June 2024 (11:39:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1316.v1

Data Fusion Using Medical Records and Clinical Data to Support TB Diagnosis

Andrés F. Romero-Gómez, Alvaro D. Orjuela-Cañón, Andrés L. Jutinico, Carlos E. Awad, Erika Vergara, María A. Palencia

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: artificial intelligence; tuberculosis diagnosis; data fusion

Online: 19 June 2024 (07:21:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1216.v1

Roles of Micropillar Topography and Surface Energy on Cancer Cell Dynamics

Hoang Huy Vu, Nam-Trung Nguyen, Sharda Yadav, Thi Thanh Ha Nguyen, Navid Kashaninejad

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: superhydrophobic surfaces; micro/nanofabrication; micro pillars array; cell culture; breast cancer cell

Online: 18 June 2024 (11:57:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1174.v1

A Virtual Reality-Based Simulation Tool for Assessing the Risk of Falls in Older Adults

Muhammad Asif Ahmad, Élvio Rúbio Gouveia, Sergi Bermúdez i Badia

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Virtual Reality, Balance Assessment, Posturography, Ecological validity, Physical Fitness, Senior Fitness Tests

Online: 17 June 2024 (15:56:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1158.v1

Verification and Validation of Advanced Control Systems for A Spinal Joint Wear Simulator

Kaushikk Ravender Iyer, David Keeling, Richard M Hall

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Fuzzy-PI controller, SIMO fuzzy logic control system, Leeds spinal wear simulator, hardware-in-the-loop (HiL) simulation, activities of daily-living (ADL).

Online: 17 June 2024 (13:32:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1155.v1

Machine Learning (ML) Models to Enhance the Berlin Questionnaire (BQ) Detection of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) at-Risk Patients

Luana Conte, Giorgio De Nunzio, Francesco Giombi, Roberto Lupo, Caterina Arigliani, Federico Leone, Fabrizio Salamanca, Cosimo Petrelli, Paola Angelelli, Luigi De Benedetto, Michele Arigliani

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Obstructive Sleep Apnea; OSA; berlin questionnaire; Machine Learning; artificial intelligence

Online: 17 June 2024 (12:35:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0935.v1

A Choreographic Approach to Golf Swing Dynamics: Bridging Biomechanics and Laban Movement Analysis

Wangdo Kim, Albert H. Vette, Wanda Ottes, Colleen Wahl

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Laban Movement Analysis; Inertial Tensor; Biomechanical Analysis; Screw Algebra; Motion Tracking Sensors; Neurorehabilitation

Online: 13 June 2024 (23:50:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0893.v1

Sweat Electrolyte Detection Patch for Non-invasive Hydration Monitoring

Jorge A. Rodriguez, Daniela Diaz-Alonso

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: electrolyte sensor; galvanic cell; sweat ions; electrolyte; hydration levels

Online: 13 June 2024 (11:51:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0826.v1

Sequential Behavior of Broiler Chickens in Enriched Environments Under Varying Thermal Conditions Using the Generalized Sequential Pattern Algorithm: A Proof of Concept

Juliana M. Massari, Daniella J. Moura, Irenilza A. Nääs, Danilo F. Pereira, Stanley R. M. Oliveira, Tatiane Branco, Juliana de S. G. Barros

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: animal behavior; animal welfare; data mining; environment; machine learning; precision livestock farming

Online: 12 June 2024 (11:25:20 CEST)

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Behavior analysis is a widely used non-invasive tool in the practical production routine, as the animal acts as a biosensor capable of reflecting its degree of adaptation and discomfort to some environmental challenge. Predominantly, conventional statistics use occurrence data for behavioral evaluation and well-being estimation, disregarding the temporal sequence of events. The Generalized Sequential Pattern (GSP) algorithm is a data mining method that identifies recurrent sequences that exceed a user-specified support threshold, whose potential has not yet been investigated for broiler chickens in enriched environments. Enrichment aims to increase environmental complexity with promising effects on animal welfare, stimulating priority behaviors and potentially reducing the deleterious effects of heat stress. The objective was to validate the application of the GSP algorithm to identify temporal correlations between heat stress and the behavior of broiler chickens in enriched environments through proof of concept. Video image collection was carried out automatically for 48 continuous hours, analyzing a continuous period of seven hours, from 12:00 PM to 6:00 PM, during two consecutive days of tests for chickens housed in enriched and non-enriched environments under comfort and stress temperatures. Chickens at comfort temperature showed high motivation to perform the behaviors of Preening (P), Foraging (F), Lying down (Ld), Eating (E), and Walking (W) whose sequences <{Ld,P}>; <{Ld,F}>; <{P,F,P}>; <{Ld,P,F}> and <{E,W,F}> were the only ones observed in both treatments. All other sequential patterns (comfort and stress) were distinct, suggesting that environmental enrichment alters the behavioral pattern of broiler chickens. Heat stress drastically reduced the sequential patterns found at the 20% threshold level in the tested environments. The behavior of lying laterally "Ll" is a strong indicator of heat stress in broilers and was only frequent in the non-enriched environment, which may suggest that environmental enrichment provides the animal with better opportunities to adapt to stress-inducing challenges, such as heat.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0730.v1

Experimental Study on the Cutting Characteristics of King Grass Stalk under Different Physical Properties and Mechanical Parameters

Xiaolong Huan, Hanyue Pang, Sibiao Li, Decheng Wang, Yong You

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: King Grass; cutting characteristics; experimental device; parameter optimization

Online: 11 June 2024 (13:51:13 CEST)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0627.v1

The Standards of Over-the-Counter Cuffless Sphygmomanometers for Monitoring Blood Pressure

Ming Huang, Toshiyo Tamura, Shinjiro Umezu

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: cuffless sphygmomanometer; accuracy; long-term stability; over-the-counter device; standards; variability

Online: 11 June 2024 (08:46:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0572.v1

Impact of Hydroxyapatite on Gelatin/Oxidized Alginate 3D-Printed Cryogel Scaffolds

Ainur Zhanbassynova, Fariza Mukasheva, Madi Abilev, Dmitriy Berillo, Alexander Trifonov, Dana Akilbekova

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: 3D printing; cryogelation; hydroxyapatite; stem cells; bone tissue engineering

Online: 10 June 2024 (12:31:52 CEST)

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Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0545.v1

Smart Shoe Tightening System for People with CP

mudhar Muhi

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Shoe laces; Cerebral Palsy

Online: 10 June 2024 (09:27:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0352.v1

Visualization and Quantification of Facemask Leakage Flows and Interpersonal Transmission with Varying Face Coverings

Xiuhua Si, Jensen S. Xi, Mohamed Talaat, Jay Hoon Park, Ramaswamy Nagarajan, Michael Rein, Jinxiang Xi

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: face covering; mask fit; leakage flows; Schlieren optical imaging system; interpersonal transmission; self-inoculation; short-range airborne transmission; double masking

Online: 7 June 2024 (11:44:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0152.v1

Detecting Methotrexate in Pediatric Patients Using Artificial Neural Networks

Alejandro Medina Santiago, Jorge Antonio Orozco Torres, Jorge Iván Bermúdez Rodríguez, Julio Alberto Guzmán Rabasa, José Manuel Villegas Izaguirre, Gladys Falconi Alejandro

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Methotrexate; Artificial Neural Networks; Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL); Detection System

Online: 4 June 2024 (12:21:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.2023.v2

A Novel Battery-Supplied AFE EEG Circuit Capable of Muscle Movement Artifact Suppression

Athanasios Delis, George Tsavdaridis, Panayiotis Tsanakas

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: electroencephalography; EEG; muscle artifacts; notch filter; driving right leg; battery-based EEG signal acquisition system; biosignal filtering; low frequency signal; CMRR

Online: 3 June 2024 (16:04:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0029.v1

Rhythmic Mastery: Biomechanical Investigation of Cycle-tempo Induced Motor Control Changes in Elite Jump Rope Athletes

Qi Zhou, Yufeng Liu, Jianguo Kong, Xiuping Wang, Kai Zhang, Gongbing Shan

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: 3D motion analysis; biomechanical modeling; rope trajectory; acceleration characteristics; COG; ROM; contact time

Online: 3 June 2024 (08:59:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0049.v1

Assessing Hydrodynamic Resistance in Microfluidics: A Case Study

Florestan Ogheard, Thomas Schrøder Daugbjerg, Jan Sluše, Jan Geršl, Jose A. Wippold, Vania Silverio

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: hydrodynamic resistance; microfluidics; differential pressure; metrology; test method

Online: 3 June 2024 (07:49:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1993.v1

Magnetoelectric Nanoparticles for Wireless Peripheral Nerve Stimulation: A Computational Study

Valentina Galletta, Emma Chiaramello, Serena Fiocchi, Marta Parazzini, Paolo Ravazzani

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: magnetoelectric nanoparticles; peripheral nerve stimulation; numerical methods

Online: 30 May 2024 (08:14:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1982.v1

Investigating Elbow Dislocation and Instability: A 3D Finite Element Analysis Approach

Samer Al Kork, Karim Youssef, Sherif Said, Fahmi Elsayed, Taha Beyrouthy, Abdullah Karar, Zaher Al Barakeh, Edward Abraham, Farid Amirouche

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Finite Element Modeling; Elbow Dislocation; MRI; CT Scan; Simpleware ScanIP; bio-mechanics; Ansys; sport injury

Online: 29 May 2024 (14:59:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1930.v1

Algorithmic Implementation to Visually Controlled Interception: Harmonic Ratios and Stimulation Invariants

Wangdo Kim, Duarte Araujo, MooYoung Choi, Albert Vette, Eunice Ortiz

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: algorithmic implementation to perception; dynamic interception; harmonic ratios; stimulation invariants; motion perception

Online: 29 May 2024 (08:26:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1408.v1

Elasticity of Carrier Fluid: A Key Factor Affecting Mechanical Phenotyping in Deformability Cytometry

Jessica P. Houston, Hassan Pouraria

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Deformability Cytometry; Microfluidics; Elasticity; Carrier Fluid

Online: 23 May 2024 (11:41:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1478.v1

Drying of Cirina Forda Caterpillar: Experiments and Modeling

Célestin Bukamba Tshanga, Charlotte Van Engeland, Myriam Kapuku Kayiba, Bienvenu Kambashi Mutiaka, Jérôme Bindelle, Benoit Haut, Frédéric Debaste

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Solar drying; Cirina Forda; Drying kinetics; Shrinkage; Diffusion

Online: 23 May 2024 (10:46:48 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1318.v1

Methodological Approaches and Literature Analysis in the Study of Soil Carbon in Urban Green Spaces: A Systematic Review

Francisco Tomatis, Dileyni Diaz De Oleo, Adriana Correa-Guimaraes, Salvador Hernández-Navarro, Luis Manuel Navas-Gracia

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: soil; carbon; cities; urban green spaces; mitigation; climate change

Online: 21 May 2024 (07:21:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1125.v1

Design and Evaluation of a Powered Exoskeleton for Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury: An Experimental Study of Safety, Usability, and Kinematic Performance

Hideki Oyama, Hiroyasu Ikeda

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: assistive devices; rehabilitation robotics; lower limb; prototyping; gait analysis

Online: 16 May 2024 (18:16:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0806.v1

Integration of Laban Movement System’s Effort Theory in Biomechanical Analysis of Golf Swing: A Focus on the Initiation of the Downswing and Hip Turn Dynamics

Wangdo Kim, Albert H. Vette, Wanda Ottes, Colleen Wahl

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Laban Movement Analysis; Inertial Tensor; Biomechanical Analysis; Screw Algebra; Motion Tracking Sensors; Neurorehabilitation

Online: 13 May 2024 (07:56:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0688.v1

Characterization of Micro-threaded Stem Taper Surface of Cementless Hip Endoprostheses

Drago Dolinar, Boštjan Kocjančič, Klemen Avsec, Barbara Šetina Batič, Aleksandra Kocijan, Matjaz Godec, Mojca Debeljak, John T Grant, Timon Zupanc, Monika Jenko

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: total hip arthroplasty; stem micro-threaded taper; taper surface morphology , microstructure , corrosion; Ti implant alloy

Online: 13 May 2024 (04:33:02 CEST)

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We investigated the micro-threaded stem taper surface and the impact on premature failures, aseptic loosening, and infection. We have focused on the fretting, and crevice corrosion of micro-threaded tapers, as well as the characterization of microstructure and surface properties of two new and three retrieved Zweymüller stem tapers of cementless hip endoprostheses selected from a set of 45 stems. The retrievals examined were those in which the sole source of modularity with a metallic component was the head-stem taper interface between the Ti alloy taper stem and the ceramic head. To determine the surface chemistry and microstructures of both new and retrieved hip endoprostheses stem taper titanium alloy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed for morphological and microstructural analyses. At the same time, energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) was utilized for characterizing chemical element distribution, and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) was used for phase analysis. The micro-threated stem taper’s roughness for different manufacturers was investigated using an optical profilometer. Standard roughness pa-rameters Ra (average surface roughness) and Rz (mean peak to valley height of the roughness pro-file) were used in this investigation.Additionally, profile depth and peak spacing for different samples were investigated. The surface roughness results indicate no significant difference in roughness associated with varying survivorship times, ranging from 3 to 239 months, and across different manufacturers. Electrochemical studies revealed no fretting corrosion in retrieved stem tapers (ceramic head) that prematurely failed due to aseptic loosening after 239 months, infection after 3 months, and low-grade infection after a 32-month lifetime. Therefore, three retrieved ta-pers and two new ones for comparison underwent potentiodynamic measurements in Hank’s so-lution to ascertain the corrosion rate of new and retrieved stem taper surfaces. The results show a low corrosion rate for both new and retrieved samples that failed prematurely due to aseptic loosening. However, the corrosion rate of infected and low-grade infected tapers was higher. In conclusion, our study aligns with existing literature, suggesting that the use of ceramic heads de-creases the problem of taper corrosion and subsequently reduces premature failures in total hip arthroplasty.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0702.v1

Design and Implementation Low-Power Device for Non-Invasive Blood Glucose

Luis Miguel Pires, José Martins

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Blood glucose monitoring; Embedded systems; Heartbeat sensor; Near-IR sensors

Online: 10 May 2024 (20:06:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0631.v1

Ultrasound B-mode Visualization of Imperceptible Subwavelength Vibration in Magnetomotive Ultrasound Imaging

Wei-Hsiang Shen, Tzu-Min Yeh, Mei-Yi Liao, Meng-Lin Li

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: motion magnification; ultrasound imaging; magnetomotive ultrasound; shear wave propagation

Online: 10 May 2024 (13:09:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0623.v1

Comparison of Machine Learning Algorithms Fed with Mobility-Related and Baropodometric Measurements to Identify Temporomandibular Disorders

Juri Taborri, Luca Molinaro, Luca Russo, Valerio Palmerini, Alin Larion, Stefano Rossi

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: machine learning; temporomandibular disorder; inertial sensors; pressure platform; clinical assessment

Online: 9 May 2024 (16:53:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0519.v1

Enhancing the Dispersity and Electrochemical Properties of Chitosan-Coated Carbon Nanotubes for Manufacturing High-Sensitivity Biosensors with Optimal Electrical Conductivity

Dong Sup Kim, Abdus Sobhan, Jun-Hyun Oh, Jinyoung Lee

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Dispersity; Biosensor; Single-walled carbon nanotube; Electrical Conductivity; Sensitivity

Online: 8 May 2024 (15:45:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0321.v1

MRI-Based Brain Tumor Classification Using Dilated Parallel Deep Convolutional Neural Network with Ensemble of Machine Learning Classifiers

Takowa Rahman, Md. Saiful Islam, Jia Uddin

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Brain tumor classification; data augmentation; receptive field; grid effect; multiscale dilated parallel convolution; machine learning classifiers

Online: 7 May 2024 (16:38:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0364.v1

Process Synthesis, Design and Techno-Economic Assessment of Bio-Succinic Acid Production

Georgios Melitos, Nikiforos Misailidis, Demetri Petrides, Michael C. Georgiadis

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: succinic acid; fermentation; bioprocess modelling; techno-economic assessment; optimization

Online: 7 May 2024 (10:43:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0221.v1

Assessment of Thermal Osteonecrosis during Bone Drilling Using a Three-Dimensional Finite Element Model

Yung-Chuan Chen, Yi-Jung Tsai, Hao-Yuan Hsiao, Yen-Wei Chiu, You-Yao Hong Hong, Yuan-Kun Tu, Chih-Kun Hsiao

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: bone drilling; FE model; thermal bone necrosis; feed force

Online: 6 May 2024 (09:58:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0056.v1

A Device-on-Chip Solution for Real-Time Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy Using FPGA

Christopher Moore, Ulas Sunar, Wei Lin

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: diffuse correlation spectroscopy; FPGA; device-on-chip; FPGA correlator

Online: 1 May 2024 (08:18:05 CEST)

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