SPECIALIZATION

ENGLISH
A REVIEWER FOR LICENSURE EXAMINATION FOR TEACHERS

1. Which hypothesis of Krashen’s Monitor Model proposes that when learners are exposed to
grammatical features a little beyond their current (i.e., I + 1), those features are “acquired”.
Acquisition results from comprehensible input, which is made understandable with the help
provided by the context.
A. acquisition/learning hypothesis
B. natural order hypothesis
C. input hypothesis
D. affective filter hypothesis

RATIO:
Input hypothesis proposes that when learners are exposed to grammatical features a little
beyond their
current (i.e., I + 1), those features are “acquired”.

2. All of the following are implications of Krashen’s Monitor Model EXCEPT _____.
A. Teachers should correct errors during the time they are committed as error correction is
valuable.
B. Teachers should not insist on learners conversing before they feel comfortable in doing so.
C. Teachers should not expect learners to learn “late structures” such as third person singular
early.
D. Teachers consider grammatical teaching is of limited value.

RATIO:
On the spot error-correction may have negative effects in terms of anxiety and inhibitions.

3. They view the language as a system of related elements or “building blocks” for the encoding
of meaning, the elements being phonemes (sounds), morphemes (words), tagmemes
(phrases/sentences/clauses).
A.structuralists
B. transformationalists
C. functionalists
D. interactionalists

RATIO
Structuralists believe that language is primarily vocal; language is system of systems, and
language is
arbitrary.

4. Which of the following is a view of a interactionalist?A. Language is primarily vocal.

B. Language is creative.
C. Language emphasizes the meaning and functions rather than the structures
D. Language is a vehicle for establishing interpersonal relationship.

RATIO
Interactionalists believe that language is a vehicle for establishing interpersonal relations.

5. Which theory on language teaching has given birth to the methods that are learner-centered,
allowing learners to work in pairs or groups in information gap tasks and problem-solving
activities where such communication strategies as information sharing, negotiation of
meaning, and interaction are used.
A. Structuralism
B. Behaviorism
 C. Cognitivism
D. Functionalism

RATIO
The functional view of language has resulted in communication-based methods such as
Communicative Language Teaching/Communicative Approach, Notional/Functional Approach,
Task-Based Language Teaching.

6. It is a branch of linguistics that deals with how words combine to form phrases, phrases
combine to form clauses, and clauses conjoin to make sentences.
A. morphology
B. syntax
C. semantics
D. pragmatics

RATIO
Syntax is a branch of linguistics that deals with how words combine to form phrases,
phrases combine to form clauses, and clauses conjoin to make sentences.

7. What is shown in the systematic variation of /t/ such as /t/ in top is aspirated, /t/ is stop is
released, and /t/ in pot is unreleased?
A. phoneme
B. consonant
C. variation
D. allophone

RATIO Allophones are variants or other ways of producing

a phoneme.

8. Which of the following sounds are produced by bringing the articulators near each other such
that the flow of air is impeded but not completely blocked. The air flow through the narrow
opening creates friction. A. p,b,t,d,k,g
B. ,v, ,ð,s,z,š, ,h
f
C. m,n,ŋ
D. l,r

RATIO
These sounds are called fricatives which are produced by bringing the articulators near
each other such that the flow of air is impeded but not completely blocked.

9. What is illustrated in following example? In English, the statement “Marian is a linguist” ends
with a fall in pitch, while as a question, “Marian is a linguist?” the pitch goes up.
A. stress
B. juncture
C. intonation
D. suprasegmentals

RATIO Intonation is the rise and fall of pitch which may contrast meanings
of sentences

10. Which of the following is an example derivational morpheme?

A. ful
help
B. stays
C. eaten
 D. longest

RATIO
Ful in helpful is a derivational morpheme which usually changes the form class of the words
to which they are attached.

11. The words “gym, mike, and TV” are formed through _____.
A. clipping
B. back formation
C. root creation
D. compounding

RATIO
Clipping or clipped form is a shortened form of a pre-existing forms ) e.g. gym <
gymnasium; mike < microphone, TV < television.
12. What morphophonemic process is involved in which units that occur in some contexts are
“lost” in others such as “l i b a r y” instead of “l i b r a r y”?
A. assimilation
B. dissimilation
C. epenthesis
D. metathesis

RATIO
Dissimilation is a process that results in two sounds becoming less alike in articulatory or
acoustic terms; a
process in which units which occur in some contexts are “lost” in others; e.g. “l i b a r y” instead
of “l i b r a r y”

13. Which syntactic structure is shown in the following examples? responsible officers, trusted
friend A. predication
B. complementation
C. modification
D. coordination

RATIO Structure of modification has two components; a head word

and a modifier.

14. What is made use in this example “I told Paul to close the door and he did so”?
A. homonymy
B. anaphora
C. deixis
D. hyponymy

RATIO:
Anaphora is a linguistic expression that refers to another linguistic expression (point
backwards). The pronoun refers back to its antecedent.

15. What category of illocutionary act is demonstrated in the following example? Recession will
worsen in Europe in the next five years. A. representative
B. commissive
C. directive
D. expressive

RATIO:
A. representative is an utterance used to describe some state of affairs: acts of stating,
asserting, denying, confessing, admitting, notifying, concluding, predicting, and so on.
16. What conversation maxim seems to have been violated in the following example?
A: How was the LET?
B: Well, the proctor is my former college professor.
A. maxim of quantity
B. maxim of quality
C. maxim of relation
D. maxim of manner

RATIO:
Maxim of relation – a participant’s contribution should be related to the subject of the
conversation – “Be relevant.”

17. This view emphasizes that native language comprises habits that a second language learner
must overcome. This is accomplished by forging new habits through repetition of pattern drills
with accompanying positive reinforcement.
A. Behaviorist learning
theory
B. Cognitive learning theory
C. Functional learning theory
D. Holistic learning theory

RATIO:
Behaviorism is a systematic approach to the understanding of human and animal behavior.
It assumes that the behavior of a human or animal is a consequence of that individual's history,
including especially reinforcement and punishment, and the individual's current motivational state
and controlling stimuli.

18. Overgeneralization errors such as “goed” and “keeped” are common in children’s speech.
Such errors suggest that children _____.
A. are repeating what was said to them, and should take note of them
B. do not know the past tense forms of those verbs, and experience difficulty
C. induce the rules for the past tense from the language to which they are exposedD. repeat
the teacher’s mistakes, and those errors are very hard to undo RATIO:
The term “overgeneralization” is most often used in connection with language acquisition
by children. For example, a young child may say "foots" instead of "feet," overgeneralizing the
morphological rule for making plural nouns.

19. This type of language is used to describe the kind of language a learner uses at a given time,
that is, his version of a given language, which deviates in certain ways from the language of
a mature speaker. A. dialect
B. native language
C. holophrastic speech
D.interlanguage
RATIO:
Interlanguage is a type of language (or linguistic system) used by second- and foreign-
language learners who are in the process of learning a target language.

20. According to cognitivists, errors in second language learning is considered _____.

A. basis for testing
B. part of learning process
C. as proofs of unsystematic way of learning
D. not part of natural progression in acquisition of English

RATIO:
Error and error correction can be valuable when it places the errors into the students’ focal
awareness.
21. What aptly describes “universal grammar”?
A. language used for communication by people who speak different first languages
B. rules applicable to all human languages
C. language with the same vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciationD. rules of grammar
that distinguish one language from the others

RATIO:
The concept of universal grammar states that all languages are built upon a common
grammar.

22. At the border of two countries there is a port where fishermen work. The fishermen do not
speak the same language, so they communicate using one that has been invented but only
for the purpose of trade. This scenario most accurately describes which of the following types
of language?
A. a dialect
B. a creole
C. a pidgin
D. a regionalism

RATIO:
A pidgin is a simplified language that is developed as a means of communication between
two or more groups who do not have a language in common.
23. If the second language learner “assimilates”, then he _____.
A. maintains its own life style and values and rejects those of the target language group
B. adapts to the life style and values of the target language group but maintains its own life
style and values for the intragroup use.
C. gives up his own life style and values and adopts those of the target language groupD.
maximizes the use of his first language and the target language

RATIO:
When a language learner assimilates, he considers the target language as his own
language.

24. The following are the areas of knowledge and skills of communicative competence EXCEPT
_____
A. grammatical competence
B. sociolinguistic competence
C. discourse competence
D. structural competence

RATIO:
The following are the areas of communicative competence: grammatical, sociolinguistic,
discourse, and
sociolinguistic.

25. Speaker A’s final remark functions as _____.

Speaker A: That’s the telephone.
Speaker B: I’m in the bath.
Speaker A: OK.
A. a request to answer the phone
B. an excuse for not complying
C. acceptance of an excuse
D. sarcasm

26. What is strategy is used by the second language learner in the following situation”
 “The student forgot the English term “train station”. He used the phrase “the place for
trains” instead. A. inference
B. paraphrase
C. generalization
D. adaptation

RATIO:
Paraphrasing is a restatement of a text or passage giving the meaning in another form.

27. What is the message of the short story, “The Centipede” by Rony V. Diaz?A. Childhood
memories are treasures.
B. Teasing or Taunting should only be done by adults.
C. Children should be responsible with what trick they do with their siblings.
D. Childhood relationships between siblings were sometimes painful.

SUMMARY:

When Eddie saw his sister beating his dog with a stick, he felt hate like a caged, angry
beast in his chest. He could not cry to his sister because she had a weak heart. He recalled the
things his sister did to him. For Eddie, his sister, Delia was the meanest creature he knew. He
remembered when he was furiously hit by his sister when she learned that the leg of her doll was
accidentally torn by him.

Nothing Eddie did ever pleased her. Destroying willfully anything he liked had become a
habit for her. She even told Berto to kill his monkey because it snickered at her one morning, while
she was brushing her teeth.
Eddie did not tell anything when she told Father that she did not like Eddie's pigeon house
because it stank and he had to give away his pigeons and Berto had to chop the house into
kindling wood. He learned how to hold himself because he knew they had to put up with her whims
to keep her calm and quiet. But when she dumped his butterflies into a waste can and burned
them in the backyard, he realized that she was spiting him.
Eddie got a big centipede that Berto found under the stack he chopped. He made sure
that it was dead and placed it in a white cloth. He unwrapped and threw it on the lap of his sister
whom he hated so much. His sister collapsed. Her voice dragged off into a painstaking
moan.Eddie was engulfed by a sudden feeling of pity and guilt. He cried kneeling before her,
telling her that the centipede was dead..

28. What problem is pointed out by the author in the story “How My Brother Brought Home a Wife”
by Manuel Arguilla?
A. How Filipinos live in the province
B. How Filipinos solve family problems
C. How Filipinos are affected by new technology
D. How Filipinos accept or treat a new family member

SUMMARY:
Baldo waited Maria and Leon in a station so that he would bring the two in their house.
Maria met Baldo at the first time. Leon and Maria rode in the cart with Baldo and Labang.

While they were in their journey, Leon asked Baldo on who told him to meet Maria and
Leon in the station. In their journey, Leon and Maria sang a song “Sky Sown with Stars”. When
they reached to their home, Leon saw his mother and asked on where was his Father

Baldo went upstairs to go to his father’s room and told the story to their journey. And when
Leon and Maria came into the father’s room, his father changed the topic to Labang.

29. What is the problem or conflict in the story “The Mats” by Francisco Arcellana?
A. Emilia’s indifference
 B. siblings’ rivalry
C. Mr. Angeles’ emotionality
D. Hunger in the family

SUMMARY:
Mr. Angeles travelled to southern Philippines and bought mats for his wife and children.
Each mat had the corresponding name of all his living offspring, even those who already died.
When he arrived home from his trip, he presented the mats to his family. As he unfolded one mat
after another, he narrated the emotions, longings and beautiful memories they had had as a
family. The sorrow heightened when the last two mats he opened were for his dead children which
made his wife reacted with grief, and told Mr.Angeles that there was no need for him to open
those mats for the two were already dead.

At that point, Mr. Angeles cried with pain while telling his wife that his children must always
be in their memory no matter where they were.

30. What truth about life was presented in the story “The Wedding Dance” by Amador Daguio?A.
Some men are not contented with one partner.
B. Women and men are born equal.
C. Culture goes beyond love.
D. Love conquers all.

SUMMARY:
"The Wedding Dance" by Amador Daguio, is a short story about a husband and wife,
Awiyao and Lumnay, who had been married for seven years. In spite of being in love with his wife,
Awiyao felt the need to marry again in order to have a son. At his second marriage celebration,
Awiyao went to check on Lumnay, knowing she was upset. Awiyao thought the answer to
Lumnay's sorrow would be to have her join the other women during the wedding dance. Lumnay
went out to join the wedding dance, but decided not to and left. She could not stand the idea of
her husband marrying another woman because she could not give him children.

31. The “Dead Stars” by Paz Marquez Benitez symbolizes ___________.

A. the love of Esperanza for Alfredo
B. the love of Alfredo for Julia
C. the love of Julia for Alfredo
D. the love of Alfredo for Esperanza

SUMMARY:

TO A LOST ONE
Angela Manalang-Gloria

I shall haunt you O my lost one, as the twilight

Haunts a re-entangled trail,
And your dreams will linger strangely with the music
Of a phantom lover’s tale,
You shall not forget, for I am past forgetting,
I shall come to you again
With the starlight and the scent of white
champacas, And the melody of rain.
You shall not forget. Dust will peer into
your Window, tragic-eyed and still,
And unbidden, startle you into
remembrance With its hand upon the
still.
32. What is the poem “To a Lost One” about?A. An appeal to be remembered by a lover
B. A threat to a lover
C. Beautiful memories of a dead person
D. A ghost that haunts a fastidious lover

33. What virtue of the writer is depicted in the poem?

A. forgiving
B. honest
C.romanticD. faithful

34. What does this line “I shall come to you again with the starlight, and the scent of champacas’?
A. The speaker with champacas will visit his lover at night.
B. The speaker wants his lover to keep and cherish their memories in her heart.
C. The speaker will rise from death to remind his lover of their sweet moments.
D. The speaker wants to give his lover fresh champacas.

35. This line “You shall not forget, for I am past forgetting” means __________.A. The speaker
wants to be left unforgotten.
B. The speaker wants his lover to forget her past.
C. The speaker wants his past not to be discussed.
D. The speaker wants his past not to be forgotten.

36. The line “I shall haunt you” has a/an __________ tone.
A. begging
B. appealing
C. romantic
D. commanding

37. “Lost One” may be pertained to _________.

A. lost feeling
B. past lover
C. abandoned person
D. ghost

38. It is a generally accepted first principle of oral interpretation that the reader must be true to(A)
the performance space
(B)the
author
(C) the method
(D) the audience
(E) his or her training

RATIO:
The interpreter must care about the author’s material and must want to share it with others.

39. Within the communication process, the area that causes the most breakdowns is _____.
(A)interference
(B) feedback
(C) the situation
(D) the channel
(E) the message

RATIO:
Only interference is a problem in and of itself.
40. David is preparing a speech about why Hollywood became the center of the motion picture
industry and the impact that its development as the center had on filmmaking. David’s speech
should be organized using which of the following methods?
(A) Spatial
(B) Chronological
(C) Cause-effect
(D) Problem-solution
(E) Topical

RATIO:
The speech answering this question could only use the cause-effect method of organization.

41. All of the following are correct descriptions of listening behavior EXCEPT:(A) Careful listening
can lead to anticipation of a speaker’s actions.
(B) People who learn to listen selectively can shut out what is undesirable.
(C) Listening comprises more than one-half of all communication.
(D) The ability to be a good listener comes naturally, and no training is necessary.(E)
Being an effective communicator means that one must listen to oneself.

RATIO:
Effective listening requires study and practice.

42. When a group is faced with a problem requiring immediate action, the most effective
leadership style is _____.
(A) authoritarian
(B) democratic
(C) laissez-faire
(D) charismatic
(E) permissive

RATIO:
Authoritarian style is most often considered appropriate and is in fact frequently welcomed
by group members due to its ability to get work done more quickly.

43. Schema activation is important to make sense of new information in light of what students
already know, and to make the necessary connection between the two. The following are good
activities for schema activation EXCEPT _____.
A. constructing graphic organizer
B. previewing a passage
C. brainstorming ideas
D. evaluating or assessing ideas
RATIO:
It is NOT a good activity for schema activation. Evaluation and assessment of idea can
come after schema
activation.

44. The following are concerns of teaching reading EXCEPT _____.

A. vocabulary development
B. comprehension development
C. output development
D. application

RATIO:
C is correct. It is not a concern of teaching reading.
45. The following are principles for designing effective and interesting reading lessons EXCEPT
_____.A. For reading lessons to be interesting and motivating they must focus on simple
themes.
B. Instructional activities have a teaching rather than a testing focus.
C. Lessons should be divided into pre-reading, during reading, and post-reading.
D. The major activity of the reading lesson is students reading texts.

RATIO:
Effective reading lesson should require students to do tasks that are complex.

46. Content-Based Instruction (CBI) is based on the common underlying principle that successful
language learning occurs when students are presented with target language material in a
meaningful, contextualized form, with the primary focus on _____.
A. understanding the lessons
B. acquiring information and knowledge
C. making connections between what they learn at school and what they
learn outside the schoolD. making meaning from what they learn RATIO:
CBI is designed to provide second-language learners instruction in content and language.

47. It is a vocabulary strategy which involves the process of breaking up of a word into its
meaningful components:
the root words, affixes, and suffixes.
A. contextual clues
B. structural analysis
C. summarizing
D. groupings

RATIO:
Structural analysis is the process of breaking up parts of a word into its meaningful
components: the root words, affixes, and suffixes.

48. Which of the following questions is best for activating students’ prior knowledge to feel that
they somehow connected to the topic “snakes” being studied?
A. What do you know about snakes? What snakes are common in your area?
B. What according to the selection are the types of snakes?
C. What did the writer suggest to the person who was bitten by snakes to do?
D. What is the importance of animals such as snakes in ecosystem?

RATIO:
Before discussing a text, discuss the topic that will be covered. Have the students share
what they already know about the topic.

49. If the students think about the knowledge of their own thoughts and the factors that influence
their thinking, they are engaged in the process of _____.
A. artistic thinking
B. metacognition
C. higher-order thinking
D. critical thinking

RATIO:
Metacognition is "thinking about one’s thinking."

50. Mrs. Torres wants to find out her students’ schema about storm surge. On the board she writes
the words “storm surge” and encircles them. She, then, asks her students what they know
about storm surge, and helps them cluster the information. What technique does Mrs. Torres
use?
 A. demonstration
B. vocabulary building
C. semantic mapping
D. deductive reasoning

RATIO:
Semantic mapping provides a visual guide for students to clarify textual information.

51. The underlined verbs in the following sentences are classified as _____.
The time is now.
The world became
flesh. We remain
silent.

A. intransitive
B. reflexive
C. transitive
D.ascriptive
RATIO
The verbs are called ascriptive verbs because they are followed by a noun phrase,
adjective phrase, or adverb of place or time (which may be a prepositional phrase). T

52. Which
of A. It is used to complete the verb phrase in certain constructions such as the following is
the emphatic, the the true
passive, or the perfect and progressive description of
an aspects. auxiliary verb?
negative, the

B. It occurs before the main verb, and denotes modification of the basic meaning of the
main verb.
C. It belongs to several classifications of verbs. It may take an impersonal it as a subject.
D. It is followed by noun or noun phrase functioning as its direct object.

RATIO:
Auxiliary (or Helping) verbs are used together with a main verb to show the verb’s tense or
to form a negative or question.

53. What preferred tense is used for “stage directions and synopses?
A. present
B. past
C. future
D. present perfect

54. The word “just” in the sentence below indicates _____.

“She has just eaten.”
A. an action that was true in the past and is still relevant to the present
B. a recently completed action
C.an action which was completed before another past actionD. an action continuing at
a given point in time

RATIO:
One of the ideas expressed in a present perfect tense verb is a recently completed action.

55. All of the following contains verbal EXCEPT _____.

A. Satisfied, the producer began paying the artists.
 B. Having recovered her voice, the soprano hit her top notes well.
C. mom arrived after you had
Your gone.
D. To see is to believe.

RATIO:
Choice C does not use verbal (gerund, infinitive, participle).

56. What type of mood is indicated in this sentence: “How did you come to know about that tragic
event?”
A. indicative
B. subjunctive
C. imperative
D. directive

RATIO Indicative mood states the fact or supposition; asks

a question.

57. The sentence “The child cried when his toy car got broken” follows ____ pattern.
A. N InV
B. N LV Adj.C. N TrV N
D. InV
N Adv.
58. “Mario, my older brother, fathers there good looking and smart children.” The underlined word
functions as _____.
A. a noun
B. a verb
C. an adjective
D. a possessive

59. Which of the following adjective phrases is syntactically correct?

A. the most unique
B. nearly unique
C. the very much unique
D. less unique

RATIO:
“Unique” is an example of an absolute adjective that do not admit comparative degree.

60. Which of the following is a gradable adjective?

A. absolute
B. clear
C. complete
D. impossible

RATIO:
Gradable adjective is an adjective that can be compared.

61. Which sentence has ditransitive verb?

A. Those guys are highly intelligent group of engineers.
B. Those mean boys tried to throw a rock through our windows.
C. Nobody will believe a ruffian like you.
D. My mother gave me this cardigan for Christmas.

RATIO:
A ditransitive verb requires both direct and an indirect object.
62. “When we arrived, they gave us badges.” Which of the following questions should be asked
to find the direct object?
A. What did we do?
B. When did we arrive?
C. What did they give us?
D. Who gave us badges?

RATIO:
Direct Object answers the question "What?" or "Whom?" after an action verb.

63. All of the following contain operator verbs EXCEPT ____.A. My father approves your marriage
proposal.
B. Will your father approve my marriage proposal?
C. My father won’t approve your marriage proposal.
D. Your father will approve my marriage proposal, won’t he?

RATIO:
An operator verb has 3 main functions:
1. It precedes the negative;
2. It is the verb of yes-no question.
3. It is also the verb of tag questions.

64. Each person’s vocabulary is a continuum. On the one end of the continuum are words the
person knows very well and for which he has a full rich understanding of their various
meanings. On the other end of the continuum are _____.
A. words he enjoys using regularly
B. new words that he has learned both the spelling and meaning for
C. words he doesn’t recognize
D. words he can recognize and figure out the meaning of based on context

RATIO
Words at the opposite of the continuum are words a person can understand with the help
of context clues.

65. Which of the following does NOT function as a pronoun?

A. I B. we C. you D. my

66. The President himself promised to stop the war. The underlined word is ______ pronoun.
A. an interrogative B. an intensive C. a reflexive D. a reciprocal

RATIO:
We use a reflexive pronoun when we want to refer back to the subject of the sentence or
clause.

67. The question “Is he coming?” has a _____ intonation.

A. falling B. sustained C. rising D. melodic

RATIO:
Rising Intonation /2, 3/ or
An intonation pattern that begins at /2/, rises to /3/ at the primary sentence stress, and
stays there to the end
of the utterance is a rising intonation pattern.

68. Which of the following sentences does NOT observe correct subject-verb agreement?A. The
mayor as well as his brothers is going to prison.
B. Neither of the two traffic lights is working.
 C. My assets were wiped out in the depression.
D. Neither the plates nor the serving bowl go on that shelf.

RATIO:
The verb in an “or, either/or, or neither/nor-sentence” agrees with the noun or pronoun closest
to it.

69. The pronoun in this sentence is _____.

“When she arrived, Suad was surprised to find her apartment door open.
A.cataphoric B. anaphoric C. deitic D. coreferential
RATIO:
A cataphoric reference unit refers to another unit that is introduced later on in the
text/speech.

70. The underlined word in this sentence functions as ______.

“We elected him chairman.”
A. direct object B. indirect object C. objective complement D. predicate nominative

RATIO:
An objective complement is a noun, adjective, or pronoun used in the predicate as
complement to a verb and
as qualifier of its direct object.

71). Which of the following words is derived from a French word?

A. Armadillo
B. Geography
C. Poultry
D. Laser

RATIO:
The word “poultry” is derived from the French word “poulet”.

72. The style of writing employed in this passage can be best described as _____.
A. standard English C. jargon B.
formal English D. dialect

The stars were shining, and the leaves rustled in the woods ever so mournful; and I heard
an owl, away off, who-whooing about somebody that was dead, and a whippowill and a dog crying
about somebody that was going to die; and the wind was trying to whisper something to me, and
I couldn’t make out what it was, and so it made the cold shivers run over me. -The Adventures of
Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain

RATIO:
“The passage use words in a regional dialect of English.

73. The author’s use of language in this passage helps to demonstrate the speaker’s ____
A. lack of intelligence C. good-heartedness
B. lack of education D. confusion

RATIO:
Huck is uneducated..

74. The author uses imagery in this section to illustrate Huck’s _____.
A. fear and loneliness
B. awareness of his environment
C. loss of his father
 D. moral dilemma

RATIO:
The imagery in this selection helps to illustrate Huck’s isolation and fear.

75. When doing research on the life of an important figure, you would probably give more
credence to a biography than you would to an autobiography, due to memoirist’s _____.
A. verbosity
B. creativity
C. subjectivity
D. experiences

The subjectivity of the author in writing his own life-story can be a problem.

76. Which type of logical fallacy is demonstrated by this argument?

It is essential that we reject the proposed changes to the company’s insurance plan. If we
don’t protest against these changes now, we’ll soon end up with no health coverage at all.
A. slippery slope
B. red herring
C. strawman
D. circular reasoning

RATIO:
The slippery slope argument involves reasoning that because of an initial event, a second
event, more extreme event must inevitable follow.

77. Which of the following works of literature was originally written in Modern English?
A. The Decameron
B. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight
C. War and Peace
D. Paradise Lost

RATIO:
Milton’s Paradise Lost which was published in 1667 in Modern English. through elimination.

78. The line is an example of ____.

I. apostrophe
II. personification
III. hyperbole
IV. metonymy

A. II only
B. I and II
only
C. I, II, and IV only
D. II and IV only

“They tell me you are wicked and I

believe them, for I have seen your
painted women under the gas lamps
luring the farm boys.
Chicago by Carl Sandburg

RATIO:
The “You” in this line is Chicago itself. This is a form of apostrophe and personification.
79. This poem is most likely influenced by which of the following?
A. Industrialization
B. Increased immigration
C. Western expansion
D. World War II patriotism

Hog Butcher for the World

Tool Maker, Stacker of Wheat,
Player with Railroads and the Nation’s
Freight Handler;
Stormy, husky,
brawling,
City of the Big Shoulders:
Chicago by Carl Sandburg

RATIO:
This poem is written during the early 1990s, a time Chicago experienced increased
industrialization.

80. The poetry of Walt Whitman is significant in the development of American literature
primarily because he _____.
A. used the epic form to tell distinctly American tales
B. developed his own poetic form and style instead of adhering to the traditional poetic
forms
C. commemorated in verse the lives of public leaders like Abraham Lincoln.
D. was heavily influenced by Emerson’s call for a new national poet.

RATIO:
Walt Whitman’s “Leaves of the Grass” departs from the metered, traditional poetic forms.

81. The following words: edit from editor, and beg from beggar are formed through _____.
A. blending B. back formation C. derivation D. clipping

RATIO:
Back-formation is the process of forming a new word (a neologism) by extracting actual or
supposed affixes from another word.

(1) The themes of liberty and freedom are central to much of American literature,
particularly the literature produced during the American Renaissance. (2) As the issues of
women’s rights and abolition came to the forefront of the American consciousness, writers delved
deep into an exploration of the meaning of freedom for the country and for individuals. (3) Three
such writers from this time period who focus on issues of freedom are Margaret Fuller, Harriet
Beecher Stowe, and Harriet Jacobs. (4) Each of these writers develop an answer to the question
posed by Stowe in Uncle Tom’s Cabin: “Liberty! – electric world! What is it?”

82 . Which of the following sentences should be revised in order to correct an error?

A. Sentence 1, to correct an error in comma use
B. Sentence 2, to correct an error in apostrophe use
C. Sentence 3, to correct an error in comma use
D. Sentence 4, to correct an error in agreement

RATIO:
The subject “each” which is an indefinite pronoun singular in meaning should take the
singular verb “develops”.
83. Which of the following English words is most commonly pronounced with the vowel sound / /
(i.e., schwa)?
A. where B. who C. what D. why

RATIO:
“What” has the schwa sound which is identified as central, neutral and relaxed.

84. Why do most fathers prefer a son _____ a daughter for his first-born child?
A. to B. than C. from D. over

RATIO:
“Prefer to” means to like or want somebody or something more than somebody or
something else.

85. I am going to sit and rest _______.

A. a little bit B. a while C. a little more D. while
a
RATIO:
Awhile (written as one word) is an adverb.
86. Which sentence has error in punctuation? A. “You’re a great friend,” Jose said.
B. Judith, my best friend went to a concert last Friday.
C. I have a lot of work to do; as such, I left for work a few minutes early.
D. According to the radio, surface streets were the best alternative to the congested
freeways.

RATIO:
An appositive phrase should be separated from the noun it renames and other words in
the sentence with a comma before and after it.

87. Unprepared for such a strong rebuttal, _____.

A. the lawyer’s attempt at winning the case failed
B. the lawyer’s attempt failed to win the case
C. the lawyer failed to win the case
D. the lawyer failed in his attempt to win the case

RATIO:
Both C and D use active voice, but it is only C that is not redundant.

88. ______ on the MTRCB to take action.

A. Whenever television is denounced by viewers for its violence, they call
B. Whenever television is denounced for its violence, viewers call
C. Whenever viewers denounce television for its violence, they call D. Whenever a
denunciation of television is voiced, they call

RATIO:
Only C uses active voice. Regular English sentences mostly use active voice.

89. Arthur Miller’s play, Death of a Salesman, has been called a “tragedy of the common man”
because it _____.A. depicts the fall from grace of an important person
B. fits Aristotle formal definition of tragedy
C. gives an ordinary salesman’s life weight and meaning
D. is written in a poetic and serious style

RATIO:
Miller’s play gave the importance to an ordinary salesman who was opposite to the
character in a traditional play.
90. He holds the distinction of being the first Asian to receive the Nobel Prize for literature.
A. Wole Soyinka
B. Yasunari Kawabata
C. Po Chu-I
D. Rabindranath Tagore

RATIO:
Tagore won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1913.

91. Which outline correctly organizes and categorizes information pertaining to the work of William
Shakespeare?

A. I. Plays
a. Tragedies 1. King Lear…
b. Histories
1. Richard III…
c. Comedies
1. Twelfth
Night… II. Poems

B. I. Plays
a. Tragedies 1. Hamlet…
b. Poems
1. My Mistress’ Eyes…
c. Comedies
1. All’s Well That Ends Well…
II. Histories

C. I. Plays
a. Tragedies 1. Comedies
b. Histories
1. Henry V…
c. Poems
1. Not Marble Nor the Gilded Monuments…
II. The Tempest

D. I. Plays
a. Tragedies 1. Hamlet…
b. Histories
1. King Lear…
c. Comedies
1. Titus
Adronicus… II. Poems

RATIO:
The two broadest categories, labelled I, II, should be plays and poems.

But how was I direct myself? I knew that I must travel in a southwesterly direction to reach
my destination, but the sun was only guide. I did not know the names of the towns that I was to
pass through, nor could I ask information from a single human being; but I did not despair. From
you only could I hope for succor, although towards you I felt no sentiment but that of hatred.
Unfeeling, heartless creator! You had endowed me with perceptions and passions and then cast
me abroad an object for the scorn and horror of mankind. But on you only had I any claim for pity
and redress, and from you I determined to seek that justice which I vainly attempted to gain from
any other being that wore the human form. -from Frankenstein, by Mary Shelley 92. The narrator
of this passage is _____.
 A. Victor C. the monster
B. Elizabeth D. the author

RATIO:
The clues “you were my father, my creator,” and “then cast me abroad an object for the
scorn and horror of mankind” indicate that was the monster who was speaking.

93. “A part of its orb was at length hid, and I waved my brand; it sank, and with a loud scream
I fired the straw, and heath, and bushes, which I had collected.” -from Frankenstein, by Mary
Shelley Which of the following is a correct restatement of the above?
A. When my branding iron sank, I screamed and shot at the bushes.
B. When the moon set, I screamed and burned the cottage.
C. When I could not find the orb, I screamed and kicked at the straw and the bushes.
D. I waited until the sun set, then I screamed and set fire to the forest.

RATIO:
The orb described here is the moon.

94. A Marxist interpretation of “Waiting for Godot” would probably focus on _____.
A. the poverty and despair of its working-class characters
B. the use of archetypes in the portrayals of the characters
C. the power imbalances in the relationships of the characters
D. the reliance of the two main characters on the eventual arrival of a “savior”

RATIO:
Marxist theory is that all relationships are power relationships, based on economic class
standing.

95. In paragraph below, the characters, Mandy Ringer and Dr. Clevenger, are mentioned in
order to emphasize which point about “Sapphira and the Slave Girl”?
A. A number of the characters in the novel are based on people Cather knew in her
childhood.
B. The novel displays Cather’s mixed feelings about slavery.
C. Cather took four years to complete the novel because she carefully researched her
characters.
D. One of Cather’s purposes in writing the novel was to paint a full portrait of life in rural
Virginia in the years
before the Civil
War.
E. The characters in the novel are portrayed in a positive light since Cather was a great
admirer of the old South.

The following passage analyzes one of Willa Cather’s (1873-1947) novels.

Sapphira and the Slave Girl was the last novel of Willa Cather’s illustrious literary career. Begun in
the late summer of 1937 and finally completed in 1941, it is often regarded by critics as one of her most
personal works. Although the story takes place in 1856, well before her birth, she drew heavily on vivid
childhood memories and tales handed down by older relatives to describe life in rural northern Virginia in
the middle of the 19th century. She even went on an extended journey to the area to give the story a further
ring of authenticity.

Of all Cather’s many novels, Sapphira and the Slave Girl is the one most concerned with providing
an overall picture of
day-to-day life in a specific era. A number of the novel’s characters, it would seem, are included in the story
only because they are representative of the types of people to be found in 19th-century rural Virginia;
indeed, a few of them play no part whatsoever in the unfolding of the plot. For instance, we are introduced
to a poor white woman, Mandy Ringer, who is portrayed as intelligent and content, despite the fact that
she has no formal education and must toil constantly in the fields. And we meet Dr. Clevenger, a country
doctor who, with his patrician manners, evokes a strong image of the pre-Civil War South.

The title, however, accurately suggests that the novel is mainly about slavery. Cather’s attitude
toward this institution may best be summed up as somewhat ambiguous. On the one hand, she displays
almost total indifference to the legal and political aspects of slavery when she misidentifies certain crucial
dates in its growth and development. Nor does she ever really offer a direct condemnation, of slavery. Yet,
on the other hand, the evil that was slavery gets through to us, albeit in typically subtle ways. Those
characters, like Mrs. Blake, who oppose the institution are portrayed in a sympathetic light. Furthermore,
the suffering of the slaves themselves and the pretty, nasty, often cruel, behavior of the slaveowners are
painted in stark terms.

Although Sapphira and the Slave Girl was certainly not meant to be a political tract, the novel is
sometimes considered to be a denunciation of bygone days. Nothing could be further from the truth. In
spite of her willingness to acknowledge that particular aspects of the past were far from ideal, Willa Cather
was, if anything, a bit of a romantic. Especially in the final years of her life, an increasing note of anger
about the emptiness of the present crept into her writings. Earlier generations, she concluded, had been
the real heroes, the real creators of all that was good in America.

RATIO:
The author mentions two characters who are included mainly to help complete Cather’s
portrait of rural Virginia. D is a good match and is the correct answer.

96. In context, “a bit of a romantic” suggests that Willa Cather ____.

A. condemned the evils of slavery
B. favored the past over the
present
C. disliked writing about life in the 1030s
D. denounced certain aspects of the 19th-century life
E. exaggerated the evils of earlier generations

RATIO:
The last paragraph refers to Cather as “a bit of a romantic” who cherished past creativity
over the present emptiness.

97. The works of Charles Dickens, Harriet Beecher Stowe, and Upton Sinclair _______.
A. examined 19th-century cultural values
B. broke with the literary traditions of the past
C. fought against the mistreatment of the working class
D. awakened readers to social wrongs

RATIO:
D is the only choice general enough to apply to all three authors.

98. The writing style used by Salman Rushdie and Gabriel Garcia Marquez is most often referred
to as _______.
A. Stream of Consciousness C. Social Realism
B. Magical Realism D. Minimalism

RATIO:
Marquez and Rushdie share a writing style which is “Magical Realism
99. At the border of two countries there is a port where fishermen work. The fishermen do not
speak the same language, so they communicate using one that has been invented by them
for the purpose of trade. This scenario above most accurately describes which of the following
types of language?
A. dialect B. creoleD. regionalism C. idgin
p
RATIO:
 A pidgin is a simplified language that develops as a means of communication between two
or more groups
that do not have a language in common.

100. He is known as the sky and thunder god in ancient Greek religion, who ruled as king of the
gods and goddesses of Mt. Olympus
A. Hephaestus B. Zeus C. Poseidon D. Hades

RATIO:
In Greek mythology, Zeus is the God of the sky, the ruler of the Olympian gods, and spiritual
father of gods and mortals. The Roman equivalent is Jupiter.

101. The Titanomachy was a ten-year series of battles fought in Thessaly, also known as the
War of the Titans, Battle of the Titans, Battle of the Gods, or just the Titan War. Zeus freed
his brothers and sisters from their father, Cronus. This shows that the Greeks value _____.
I. bravery
II. respect
III. persistence
IV.change

A. 1 and II only B. II and III only C. 1 and IV only D. II and IV only

RATIO:
Zeus rescued his brothers and sisters, and then started a war against his father, and the
Titans. Their winning was greatly attributed to Zeus. As a sign of respect for Zeus bravery he was
considered as the ruler of Mt. Olympus.

102. In the Middle Ages and Renaissance, it was commonly described as a symbol of purity and
grace, which could only be captured by a virgin.
A. TrollB. Dragon C. Kappa D. Unicorns

RATIO:
In the Middle Ages and Renaissance, unicorn was commonly described as an extremely
wild woodland creature, a symbol of purity and grace, which could only be captured by a virgin.

103. He was a fearless warrior & and king who one day saw the emptiness of his life and turned
his back on it, becoming a wanderer and sadhu. He refused to return to the world that is why
he is often alluded to as having refused the responsibility.
A. King MinosC. B. Muchukunda King Rama D. Jason
King
RATIO:
Muchukunda (cited in Mahabarata & Parunas) saw the emptiness of his life and turned his
back on it, becoming a wanderer and sadhu. He refused to return to the world.

104. The story of Cupid and Psyche depicts undying and devotion. What was Psyche’s mistake
that according to Cupid was a betrayal?
A. Psyche got infatuated with Zues.
B. Psyche believed her sisters persuasion that her lover was an ugly beast and would kill
her.
C. Psyche disobeyed her husband when she enlightened his face in the middle of the night.
D. Psyche left the house without her husband permission.

PART of the STORY:

Psyche had not yet seen her destined husband, Cupid. He came only in the hours of
darkness and fled before the dawn of morning, but his accents were full of love, and inspired a
like passion in her. She often begged him to stay and let her behold him, but he would not consent.
Her sisters who also were curious told her that her husband was a monster that was why he would
not allow reveal himself. So, one night when her husband had fallen into his first sleep, she silently
rose and uncovering her lamp beheld not a hideous monster, but the most beautiful and charming
of the gods, with his golden ringlets wandering over his snowy neck and crimson cheek, with two
dewy wings on his shoulders, whiter than snow, and with shining feathers like the tender blossoms
of spring.

105. Anthropomorphism is the attribution of a human form, human characteristics, or human

behaviour to nonhuman things, e.g. deities in mythology and animals in children’s stories.
What trait is this?
A. Anthropomorphic B. Ethereal C. God-like D. Anthropocentrism

RATIO:
Anthropomorphism is the showin g or treatin g of animal s, god s, and object s as if they
are huma n in appearanc e, characte r, or behaviou r:

106. Philippine mythology and superstitions are very diverse. It includes a collection of tales and
superstitions about magical creatures and entities like _____
A.kapre, aswang, matruculan, duwende, tiyanak,
etc.
B. sirena, syokoy, dugong, etc.
C. cherubs, Seraphims, Cherubims, thrones, guardian angels, etc.
D. Malakas at Maganda, Maria Makiling, etc.

RATIO:
To this day, Philippine myths still have an active role in the lives of rural Filipinos. The
countless myths circulating throughout the Filipino countryside contain a large variety of mythical
creatures.

107. In Greek mythology, she was the most beautiful woman in the world. A daughter of the god
Zeus*, she is best known for the part she played in causing the Trojan War. Some scholars
suggest that she was also a very ancient goddess associated with trees and birds.
A. Penelope, queen of Ithaca
B. Persephone, queen of the underworld
C. Helen of Troy
D. Hera, queen of Olympus

RATIO:
The mythological background of the Trojan war, Helen was the most beautiful mortal
woman in the world.

108. When Paris abducted Helen to Troy, all the Greek princes were bound by the oath to help
Menelaus recover Helen. Athena and Hera who were not chosen by Paris sided with the
Greeks who sent one thousand ships to Troy to. What does this indicate?

A. Serious decisions have serious consequences.

B. Paris was wrong in choosing Aphrodite as winner.
C. Hera and Athena harboured ill feelings.
D. Zeus ordered the goddesses to take side in the war.

109. He was the son of Zeus and Leto, twin brother of Artemis. He was the god of music, and
he is often depicted playing a golden lyre. He was also known as the Archer, far shooting with
a silver bow; the god of healing, giving the science of medicine to man; the god of light; and
the god of truth.
A. Mars B. Neptune C. Jupiter D. Apollo

RATIO:
 Apollo, in Greek and Roman mythology, is the god of prophecy, sunlight, music, and
healing. He was the son of Zeus and Leto, and Artemis was his twin sister.

110. Which of the following is the best description of traditional phonics instruction?
A. Students study lists of high-frequency words in order to increase reading speed and
comprehension.
B. Students are taught individual letter sounds and the rules of combining the sounds together to
make words
C. Students are immersed in written language, and is encourage to decode entire words using
context clues.
D. Students analyze patterns of organization and syntax as a way of learning to recognize common
structures.

RATIO:
B is a typical definition of traditional phonics instruction.

111. A student is conducting a research project and has learned of a website that may have
useful information. The domain extension for the site is .org. Which of the following
assumptions about the website is correct? A. All of the information on the site is current.
B. The site has been evaluated for bias and might belong to a profit agency..
C. The site mightnonprofit
belong to a agency.
D. The author of the site is well respected in his or field.

RATIO:
The .org extension means that the site may belong to a nonprofit organization.

112. In preparation for a writing unit on short stories, a teacher presents students with several
examples of short stories and works with them to identify defining characteristics of the genre.
Which of the following best describes this instructional strategy?
A. conferencing
B. discipline-based inquiry
C. self-regulated strategy development
D. introduction-body-conclusion strategy

RATIO:
Discipline-based inquiry is the practice of learning about a writing form by dissecting it and
investigating its parts.

113. In a holistic evaluation of student essays, evaluations are made on the basis of the _____
A. overall quality of number and variety of errors made by each student
B. overall quality of number of sentences, length and complexity demonstrated in each
essay
C. overall ability of each student to communicate in a variety of discourse modesD. overall
quality of each student’s essay in relation to the topic

RATIO Holistic evaluation is based on the integration of different

elements of writing.

114. What literary theory or approach is shown in the following passage?

A. Feminist Criticism
B. Psychoanalytic Theory
C. Reader-Response CriticismD. Romantic Theory

The difficulties involved in the governess’s effort to create a space for herself outside of
patriarchal boundaries are metaphorically represented in her struggle for the children. While she
believes she is engaged in a battle with the ghosts for the children’s souls, she is also,
symbolically, involved in overcoming patriarchal definitions of womanhood. Rejecting the
ineffectual role played by Mrs. Grose, the respectable matron character, the governess attempts
to define herself against the sexualized whose figure, Miss Jessel, as she tries, to supplant the
maleauthority figure, Peter Quint. Neitherof these roles can help her in her struggle for a subject
position, however, as is made clear when the governess cannot replace Miss Jessel for Flora, or
Quint for Miles.

RATIO:
Feminist Literary Criticism as shown in the paragraph focuses on the representation of
women in literature.

115. What literary theory or approach is shown in the following passage?

A. Marxist Literary theory
B. Psychoanalytic Theory
C. Postmodern Literary Theory
D. Deconstruction
Not only James’s governess fit the classic profile of the female sexual hysteric, she also
experiences the “hysterical fit” observed by turn-of-the-century clinicians. That her first
hallucination precipitates a “nervous explosion” of some intensity is clear from her own account.
Like that of the classic hysteric, her “mental activity...is split up, and only a part of it is conscious.”
Her initial fantasy of her handsome employer is conscious, but his transformation into a figure
embodying her fear of sexuality is generated by deep-rooted unconscious inhibitions.

RATIO:
Psychoanalytic Theory focuses more about the author’s life than the reader’s life.

116. What literary theory or approach is shown in the following passage?

A. Deconstruction
B. Psychoanalytic Theory
C. Reader-Response CriticismD. Marxist Literary Theory

What is even more troublesome is disagreement among critics about just what standards
are to be applied. Two “straight” readers, seeing the ghosts as real and the story as an attempt to
“turn the screws” of horror as thrillingly as possible, might flatly disagree with each other about
whether the literary experience of thrilling horror is good or bad for “us,” or for a given immature
reader, or for a former governess now incarcerated in a mental institution.
Because of all this variety, we have to ask our questions as if we were dealing not with one
The Turn of the Screw but many different ones.

RATIO:
In Reader-Response Criticism, literature has no fixed-single meaning.

117 (60 something). If a teacher uses only basal readers for teachings her students to read, she
is most likely believes in _____.
A.Primarily a whole language approach
B. Primarily a phonics
approach
C. A mixture of a whole language and phonics
D. Individualized reading instruction

RATIO:
Most of basal readers are phonics-based.

118. A parent walks into a classroom and sees the children in groups, each gathered around a
poster board. The children are writing ideas on the poster board in what looks like graffiti
 (writing on walls) to the parent. When the parent asks the teacher what the children are doing,
the teacher is likely to explain that ___.
A. this is playtime, and the children need playtime because recess has been taken out of
the program
B. the children are involved in brainstorming, which is part of the prewriting stage of the
writing processC. invented spelling and graffiti type expression is important to the child’s
development
D. the children are creating final versions of posters to be displayed in the school fair.

RATIO:
The scenario describes the prewriting activity of brainstorming.

119. Each of the following is an effective strategy for a teacher who is facilitating a whole-class
discussion EXCEPT _____.
A. having the students sit in a circle instead of traditional rows
B. breaking the class into smaller discussion groups before concluding the whole-class
discussion
C. pausing and allowing silence to promote student participationD. ensuring that all
questions require simple-sentence answers

RATIO:
D. is the only option that does NOT help a teacher facilitate a whole class discussion.
120. Which of the following activities will best help a teacher collect data that will inform instruction
to meet the individual needs of students?
A. concentric circles
B. K-W-L chart
C. book pass
D. reciprocal teaching

RATIO:
The K-W-L chart can be used to document what students know, what they want to know,
and what they learned.

121. When doing a cloze (fill-in-the-blank) activity, the teacher should _____.
A. leave the first and the last
sentence intact
B. give students the freedom to make up the first and last sentences
C. spell words wrong to see if the students can catch them
D. always use the first paragraph of the book

RATIO:
A. is correct as it is the first rule of using an interactive cloze activity.

122. The main reason for doing a cloze (fill-in-the-blank) activity with the children before reading
a book is for the purpose of providing a/an _____.
A. familiarity and identification of the characters in the book for comprehension
B. setting for the book to serve for the students to want to read the book
C. anticipatory set that will make the children be curious enough to want to read the bookD.
worksheet to grade that shows the students’ vocabulary development

RATIO:
The purpose of a cloze-activity is to get the students interested in the story and thus want
to read.

123. Which of the following best expresses the author’s attitude toward Lord Russell’s definition
of a proverb?A. dismissive
 B. sceptical
C. exuberant
D.favorable
E. Loyal

Proverbs are hard to define, but one could do worse than the pithy definition offered by an
18th-century British statesman, Lord John Russell. A proverb, Russell is said to have remarked at
breakfast, is “one man’s wit and all men’s wisdom.” Proverbs have been identified in all the world’s
spoken languages, and – unlike Lord Russell’s adage – they are almost always anonymous.
Interestingly, similar sayings seem to have developed independently in many parts of the world.
For example, the English saying, “A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush,” has counterparts
in Romania, Spain, and Iceland.

RATIO:
The author cites Russell’s definition because he considers it a good one.

124. What type of sonnet is illustrated Milton’s poem “When I Consider How My Light Is Spent?

When I Consider How My Light Is Spent

When I consider how my light is spent,

Ere half my days in this dark world and
wide,
And that one talent which is death to hide
Lodged with me useless, though my soul
more bent
To serve therewith my Maker, and present
My true account, lest He returning chide;
“Doth God exact day-labor, light denied?”
I fondly ask. But Patience, to prevent
That murmur, soon replies, “God doth not
need
Either man’s work or His own gifts. Who
best
Bear His mild yoke, they serve Him best.
His state
Is kingly: thousands at His bidding speed,
And post o’er land and ocean without rest;
They also serve who only stand and wait.”

A. Elizabethan
B. Petrarchan
C. English
D. Spenserian

RATIO:
Petrarchan sonnet is form of poetry that has an 8-line stanza with the rhyme scheme
abbaabba followed by 6 lines with various rhyme schemes, usually cdcdcd or cdede.

125. He is the pioneer in serial literature which is a printed format by which a single larger work,
often a work of narrative fiction is published in sequential installments.
A. Ernest Hemingway
B. Arthur Miller
C. Charles Dickens
D. Rudyard Kipling

RATIO:
 Charles Dickens pioneered the serial publication.

126. Using the Romantic Theory, the similitude and dissimilitude in this poem is _____.A. beauty
in isolation
B. humility in pride
C. abundance in poverty
D. enjoyment in despair

She Dwelt Among The Untrodden Ways

William Wordsworth

She dwelt among the untrodden ways

Beside the springs of Dove,
A maid whom there were none to
praise And very few to love:

A violet by a mossy
stone Half hidden from
the eye!
Fair as a star, when only
one Is shining in the sky.

She lived unknown, and few could know

When Lucy ceased to be;
But she is in her grave, and
oh, The difference to me!

RATIO:
Lucy was not well-known, she had few friends, but she made a difference in the life of the
speaker. The metaphor portrays Lucy’s beauty that only a few saw.

127. The use of the imagination is evident in the poem through the employment simply of _____.
A. synecdoche and metonymy
B. personification and hyperbole
C. allusion and litotes
D.simile metaphor
and
RATIO:
The second stanza uses simile and metaphor.

128. The romantic theorists will like the poem because _____.
A. the subjectis relatively simple, straightforward
matter language
B. it emphasizes the importance of nature as a whole
C. it illustrates the important lesson in life
D. the use of literary devices in the poem is very interesting

RATIO:A ....................................................................................................................................... 1
B ........................................................................................................................................ 1
C ........................................................................................................................................ 1

For Romantic theorist, the subject matter and the language of a poem should
be simple.

129. Based from the poem, a reader can infer that Romantic poets such Wordsworth sees
A. the city is more romantic than the country
 B. the city is a place of vice and other worldly things
C. the country is a place of virtue
D. the country is the most ideal since it is near the nature

RATIO:
The surroundings described in the poem are rural.

130. Which stanza implies that Lucy is an interesting woman?

D. None of the above

RATIO:
The word “springs” is associated with life and purity.