08ANNEXES

Annex A
EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
________________________________________________________ Experimental Results
Specimen H50/1
Concrete properties
f’c = 49.9 MPa fsp = 3.6 MPa 1080 mm 1080 mm
Longitudinal reinforcement
B-500-S fyk = 500MPa 1φ20 1φ20
2φ32
ρl = 2.24% 2 φ32 bars in one layer
2600 mm
Transversal reinforcement
1φ20 1φ20
None 2φ32
200 mm
Cast: Jan 11, 2002

Tested: Feb 20, 2002
359 mm
400 mm
Test duration: 37 min
Test control: 0.003 mm/s
2φ32
Summary of Test Observations
Beam specimen H50/1 did not contain shear reinforcement. For personal safety reasons, as a
fragile failure was expected, the crack control was not carried out. However, a shear crack
was noticed to appear at V = 95 KN. The beam collapsed at V = 99.69 KN. The longitudinal
reinforcement did not reach the yielding strain.
120
100
Shear Force (KN)
80
60
40
20
0
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00
νxy (m ε )
A.1
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H50/1
Shear Deformations Longitudinal reinforcement
Time Shear
strain νxy T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 εl1 εl2 εl3
sec KN me mm mm mm mm mm mm me me me
0 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01
398 3.92 -0.01 0.03 0.02 0.07 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.03
450 5.42 0.00 0.04 0.03 0.12 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.03
534 8.43 -0.01 0.06 0.04 0.19 0.14 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.05
576 10.12 -0.01 0.07 0.05 0.24 0.19 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.06
616 11.81 -0.02 0.08 0.06 0.27 0.25 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.07
660 13.86 -0.01 0.09 0.07 0.31 0.31 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.03 0.09
700 15.87 -0.02 0.10 0.08 0.35 0.37 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.04 0.11
736 17.80 -0.01 0.12 0.09 0.38 0.43 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.04 0.13
770 19.73 -0.01 0.13 0.11 0.42 0.48 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.05 0.15
804 21.76 0.00 0.14 0.12 0.45 0.53 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.05 0.17
834 23.59 0.00 0.15 0.13 0.49 0.58 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.06 0.18
862 25.35 0.00 0.16 0.14 0.52 0.62 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.07 0.20
900 27.81 0.01 0.18 0.15 0.58 0.68 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.08 0.23
934 30.04 0.01 0.20 0.17 0.64 0.75 0.01 0.00 0.04 0.09 0.25
986 33.45 0.02 0.22 0.19 0.73 0.87 0.01 0.00 0.04 0.11 0.30
1014 35.24 0.02 0.22 0.20 0.78 0.94 0.01 0.00 0.05 0.12 0.32
1042 37.00 0.02 0.24 0.22 0.82 1.00 0.01 0.00 0.05 0.13 0.34
1068 38.68 0.02 0.25 0.22 0.86 1.06 0.02 0.00 0.05 0.14 0.37
1092 40.14 0.03 0.26 0.23 0.90 1.11 0.02 0.01 0.05 0.15 0.39
1118 41.75 0.04 0.27 0.24 0.93 1.16 0.02 0.00 0.05 0.16 0.41
1148 43.63 0.06 0.28 0.26 0.98 1.22 0.03 0.00 0.05 0.17 0.44
1172 45.23 0.07 0.29 0.27 1.01 1.27 0.03 0.00 0.06 0.19 0.46
1202 47.02 0.09 0.30 0.28 1.06 1.34 0.04 0.00 0.06 0.23 0.49
1230 48.62 0.11 0.31 0.30 1.11 1.41 0.05 0.00 0.06 0.28 0.51
1264 50.71 0.14 0.32 0.31 1.18 1.50 0.06 0.00 0.06 0.31 0.54
1294 52.56 0.14 0.33 0.33 1.25 1.58 0.07 0.01 0.07 0.35 0.56
1324 54.48 0.17 0.35 0.34 1.31 1.64 0.08 0.00 0.07 0.37 0.59
1350 56.17 0.18 0.35 0.36 1.36 1.70 0.08 0.01 0.07 0.40 0.61
1378 57.85 0.19 0.36 0.37 1.41 1.75 0.09 0.00 0.07 0.43 0.63
1404 59.51 0.20 0.37 0.38 1.45 1.81 0.09 0.01 0.07 0.45 0.65
1446 62.09 0.24 0.39 0.40 1.52 1.91 0.11 0.00 0.08 0.48 0.68
1482 64.21 0.25 0.40 0.42 1.58 2.01 0.11 0.00 0.08 0.51 0.70
1514 66.27 0.26 0.41 0.44 1.65 2.10 0.12 0.01 0.08 0.53 0.73
1546 68.23 0.32 0.42 0.45 1.72 2.18 0.13 -0.01 0.09 0.57 0.75
1578 70.37 0.29 0.43 0.47 1.80 2.25 0.13 0.01 0.09 0.61 0.77
1610 72.37 0.31 0.44 0.49 1.88 2.32 0.14 0.01 0.09 0.64 0.80
1642 74.38 0.34 0.45 0.50 1.95 2.39 0.15 0.00 0.10 0.67 0.82
1672 76.21 0.35 0.46 0.52 2.01 2.46 0.16 0.01 0.10 0.69 0.84
1706 78.41 0.36 0.47 0.53 2.08 2.55 0.16 0.01 0.10 0.72 0.87
1740 80.51 0.39 0.48 0.55 2.14 2.65 0.17 0.01 0.11 0.74 0.89
1774 82.64 0.41 0.49 0.56 2.21 2.74 0.18 0.01 0.11 0.77 0.91
1808 84.70 0.43 0.50 0.58 2.31 2.82 0.19 0.01 0.12 0.79 0.94
1848 87.19 0.45 0.51 0.59 2.43 2.90 0.20 0.01 0.12 0.82 0.96
1886 89.45 0.48 0.52 0.61 2.52 2.99 0.21 0.01 0.13 0.84 0.98
1934 92.23 0.52 0.53 0.63 2.62 3.12 0.23 0.01 0.13 0.87 1.01
1968 94.15 0.56 0.55 0.64 2.70 3.22 0.24 0.00 0.14 0.89 1.03
2024 96.25 0.66 0.56 0.65 2.88 3.37 0.29 0.01 0.14 0.92 1.05
2058 98.10 0.71 0.57 0.67 3.00 3.44 0.31 0.01 0.15 0.94 1.07
2096 99.69 0.83 0.58 0.67 3.11 3.53 0.36 0.01 0.15 0.96 1.08
2110 32.91 17.51 0.55 0.24 5.06 4.18 7.36 -0.07 0.10 0.49 0.52
A.2
Specimen H50/1
120 120
T3
T2 εl 1
100 100
εl 3
Shear Force (KN)

80 80
Shear Force (KN)
T4
εl 2
T1
60 60
40
T3 T4 40
20 20
T1 T2 εl1 εl2 εl3

0 0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50
Deformation (mm) Long. rebar strain (me)
Specimen H50/1 – Cracking control
Vfail = 99.69 KN
Test set-up for beam H50/1 Cracking at failure (V = 99.69 KN)
A.3
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
A.4
Specimen H50/2
Concrete properties
B-500-S fyk = 500MPa 1φ20 2φ32
φ6/260
2600 mm
Transversal reinforcement 1φ20 1φ20

B-500-S fy = 530 MPa 2φ32
ρw = 0.577 MPa stirrups φ6 @ 260 mm 2φ8
200 mm
φ6/260
Cast: Jan 11, 2002
353 mm
400 mm
2φ32
Beam specimen H50/2 contained the minimum amount of web reinforcement proposed in this
document. At load stage 3, the first shear crack was observed (V = 85 KN). Stirrup 3 yielded
suddenly for V = 118 KN, and stirrup 4 for V = 160 KN. The failure took place for a shear
strength of 177.64 KN. The longitudinal reinforcement did not reach the yielding strain.
200
180
160
140
Shear Force (KN)
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00
νxy (m ε )
A.5
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H50/2
Time Shear
0 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01
339 12.83 0.01 0.08 0.05 0.36 0.30 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.06
378 15.97 0.00 0.10 0.06 0.46 0.37 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.09
411 18.93 0.00 0.13 0.09 0.54 0.43 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.12
450 22.36 0.00 0.15 0.11 0.64 0.51 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.04 0.16
486 25.71 0.01 0.17 0.13 0.74 0.58 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.06 0.21
522 29.16 0.01 0.19 0.16 0.86 0.66 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.07 0.26
564 33.17 0.01 0.22 0.19 1.00 0.76 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.08 0.32
612 37.73 0.01 0.25 0.22 1.15 0.88 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.11 0.40
636 39.98 0.02 0.27 0.24 1.23 0.94 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.12 0.43
678 44.02 0.02 0.30 0.27 1.36 1.03 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.15 0.47
753 51.11 0.03 0.35 0.32 1.63 1.21 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.29 0.57
786 54.24 0.05 0.37 0.34 1.74 1.30 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.36 0.60
816 57.02 0.05 0.39 0.36 1.83 1.39 0.02 0.00 0.03 0.41 0.64
846 59.97 0.06 0.41 0.38 1.94 1.46 0.03 0.00 0.03 0.45 0.67
882 63.47 0.08 0.43 0.40 2.07 1.55 0.03 0.00 0.03 0.50 0.71
918 66.93 0.10 0.46 0.42 2.20 1.64 0.04 0.00 0.03 0.54 0.75
951 70.22 0.11 0.48 0.44 2.31 1.72 0.05 0.00 0.03 0.58 0.79
990 74.17 0.14 0.50 0.47 2.44 1.84 0.05 0.00 0.03 0.62 0.83
1056 80.42 0.27 0.54 0.50 2.69 2.05 0.11 0.00 0.03 0.67 0.89
1077 82.44 0.30 0.55 0.52 2.77 2.11 0.13 0.00 0.03 0.69 0.92
1104 85.21 0.34 0.57 0.53 2.86 2.18 0.14 0.00 0.04 0.71 0.95
1137 88.62 0.39 0.59 0.55 2.97 2.27 0.16 0.00 0.04 0.73 0.98
1203 95.18 0.50 0.63 0.59 3.24 2.48 0.21 0.00 0.05 0.78 1.06
1233 98.23 0.54 0.65 0.61 3.36 2.58 0.22 0.00 0.05 0.79 1.09
1260 100.97 0.57 0.67 0.62 3.46 2.66 0.24 0.00 0.05 0.81 1.12
1326 107.55 0.66 0.71 0.66 3.72 2.86 0.27 -0.01 0.07 0.85 1.18
1350 109.83 0.68 0.72 0.68 3.83 2.94 0.28 0.00 0.08 0.87 1.21
1383 112.91 0.74 0.74 0.70 3.97 3.05 0.31 -0.01 0.09 0.89 1.24
1464 118.58 0.88 0.78 0.74 4.34 3.32 0.37 0.00 0.16 0.94 1.30
1491 117.53 1.25 0.78 0.75 4.49 3.53 0.53 0.00 0.21 0.99 1.28
1515 118.98 1.49 0.78 0.75 4.60 3.68 0.63 0.00 0.26 1.02 1.29
1548 121.51 1.72 0.80 0.77 4.75 3.85 0.75 0.01 0.33 1.04 1.31
1599 125.25 2.00 0.82 0.80 5.00 4.09 0.89 0.04 0.46 1.09 1.35
1638 128.31 2.12 0.84 0.82 5.17 4.27 0.96 0.06 0.54 1.12 1.38
1695 132.13 2.28 0.87 0.84 5.43 4.52 1.09 0.12 0.69 1.15 1.41
1737 134.97 2.40 0.88 0.86 5.64 4.70 1.20 0.18 0.79 1.18 1.44
1773 137.27 2.53 0.90 0.88 5.79 4.87 1.32 0.24 0.87 1.20 1.46
1839 141.15 2.75 0.93 0.90 6.12 5.16 1.54 0.38 1.03 1.24 1.49
1971 147.81 3.07 0.98 0.94 6.75 5.84 2.04 0.73 1.46 1.31 1.54
2025 151.10 3.12 1.00 0.96 6.99 6.10 2.18 0.86 1.59 1.34 1.57
2097 154.02 3.21 1.02 0.97 7.34 6.38 2.33 0.97 1.70 1.38 1.59
2163 158.11 3.43 1.04 1.00 7.64 6.67 2.54 1.08 1.81 1.43 1.63
2232 162.22 3.57 1.07 1.02 7.98 6.97 2.72 1.21 1.92 1.53 1.67
2298 165.87 3.74 1.09 1.04 8.30 7.24 2.91 1.32 2.02 1.71 1.71
2355 169.04 4.03 1.11 1.06 8.58 7.46 3.12 1.42 2.10 1.86 1.73
2454 173.55 4.51 1.14 1.08 9.08 7.82 3.45 1.53 2.21 2.25 1.77
2529 176.41 5.13 1.15 1.10 9.46 8.13 3.78 1.60 2.29 2.42 1.79
2619 177.64 6.02 1.16 1.11 9.91 8.59 4.25 1.70 2.38 2.45 1.80
2628 176.28 6.10 1.16 1.11 9.96 8.66 4.33 1.74 2.40 2.45 1.80
2631 116.09 3.00 0.78 0.87 10.23 10.64 4.46 3.19 2.66 1.62 1.30
A.6
Specimen H50/2 - Continuation

Shear Transversal reinforcement strains
Time Shear
strain νxy εs1 εs2 εs3 εs4 εs5
sec KN me me me me me me
0 0 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
339 13 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00
378 16 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00
411 19 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00
450 22 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00
486 26 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00
522 29 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00
564 33 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 -0.01
612 38 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 -0.01
636 40 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 -0.02
678 44 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 -0.02
753 51 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.01 -0.02
786 54 0.05 0.01 0.01 0.01 -0.02
816 57 0.05 0.01 0.01 0.01 -0.02
846 60 0.06 0.01 0.01 0.02 -0.02
882 63 0.08 0.00 0.02 0.02 -0.02
918 67 0.10 0.00 0.02 0.02 -0.02
951 70 0.11 0.01 0.02 0.02 -0.02
990 74 0.14 0.00 0.02 0.03 -0.01
1056 80 0.27 0.00 0.02 0.03 0.08
1077 82 0.30 0.00 0.02 0.03 0.11
1104 85 0.34 0.00 0.02 0.03 0.16
1137 89 0.39 0.00 0.02 0.03 0.21
1203 95 0.50 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.36
1233 98 0.54 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.42
1260 101 0.57 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.47
1326 108 0.66 -0.01 -0.01 0.00 0.57
1350 110 0.68 -0.01 -0.01 0.03 0.62
1383 113 0.74 0.00 -0.01 0.08 0.70
1464 119 0.88 0.00 -0.01 0.39 1.04
1491 118 1.25 0.00 0.00 1.81 1.24
1515 119 1.49 0.00 0.00 2.46 1.34
1548 122 1.72 0.00 0.01 3.60 1.41
1599 125 2.00 0.00 0.01 12.59 1.51
1638 128 2.12 0.00 0.02 12.81 1.59
1695 132 2.28 0.00 0.04 12.80 1.77
1737 135 2.40 0.00 0.06 12.80 1.90
1773 137 2.53 0.00 0.07 12.79 1.99
1839 141 2.75 -0.01 0.10 12.79 2.09
1971 148 3.07 -0.02 0.18 12.79 2.24
2025 151 3.12 -0.02 0.20 12.79 2.33
2097 154 3.21 -0.02 0.22 12.79 2.41
2163 158 3.43 -0.03 0.23 12.79 2.58
2232 162 3.57 -0.03 0.24 12.79 2.91
2298 166 3.74 -0.03 0.25 12.79 4.44
2355 169 4.03 -0.03 0.26 12.79 6.65
2454 174 4.51 -0.04 0.27 12.79 12.81
2529 176 5.13 -0.04 0.28 12.79 12.79
2619 178 6.02 -0.04 0.29 12.79 12.79
2628 176 6.10 -0.04 0.29 12.79 12.79
2631 116 3.00 -0.02 0.32 12.79 12.79
A.7
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H50/2
200 200
180 180
T2 T3
160 160
140 140
εl 1
Shear Force (KN)

Shear Force (KN)
T4
120 120
T1 εl 2
100 100
εl 3
80 80
T3 T4
60 60
40 40
20 20

0 0
0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00
200
180
εs 2
160
εs 1 εs 4
140
Shear Force (KN)
120
εs 3
100
80
60
εs 1 εs 3
40
20 εs 2 εs 4
0
0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00
Stirrup Strains (me)
A.8
V = 40 KN
V = 60 KN
V = 85 KN
V = 110 KN
V = 130 KN
V = 178 KN
failure
A.9
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H50/2
Test set-up for beam H50/2
Cracking at failure (V = 178 KN)
A.10
Specimen H50/3
Concrete properties
B-500-S fyk = 500MPa 1φ20
φ8/210 2φ32
ρl = 2.29% 2 φ32 bars in one layer 2600 mm

B-500-S fy = 540 MPa 2φ32
2φ8
ρw = 1.29 MPa stirrups φ8 @ 210 mm 200 mm
φ8/210
Cast: Jan 11, 2002
351 mm
400 mm
2φ32
First flexural crack was noticed at load stage 1 (V = 30 KN). For V = 90 KN shear cracks
appeared. Stirrup 4 yielded for V = 180 KN. Longitudinal reinforcement did not reach the
yielding strain. The specimen failed at V = 242.07 KN.
300
250
Shear Force (KN)
200
150
100
50
0
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00
νxy (m ε )
A.11
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H50/3
Time Shear
0 0.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
270 5.01 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.10 0.12 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01
378 10.37 0.01 0.05 0.05 0.29 0.27 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02
456 15.91 0.01 0.09 0.09 0.47 0.43 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.04
510 20.64 0.01 0.13 0.12 0.64 0.55 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.08
561 25.56 0.01 0.17 0.15 0.81 0.66 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.14
627 32.03 0.00 0.22 0.19 1.04 0.82 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.07 0.26
657 35.03 0.01 0.24 0.21 1.16 0.91 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.08 0.31
708 40.02 0.01 0.29 0.25 1.37 1.05 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.09 0.38
735 42.62 0.01 0.30 0.26 1.47 1.12 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.09 0.42
792 48.13 0.01 0.34 0.29 1.70 1.27 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.12 0.48
864 55.02 0.00 0.38 0.35 2.00 1.49 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.24 0.56
912 60.13 0.01 0.41 0.39 2.21 1.65 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.32 0.62
960 65.04 0.01 0.44 0.44 2.43 1.78 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.38 0.67
1011 70.18 0.02 0.47 0.49 2.64 1.92 0.00 -0.01 0.02 0.43 0.72
1062 75.51 0.02 0.50 0.54 2.85 2.08 0.00 -0.01 0.02 0.48 0.77
1110 80.60 0.03 0.53 0.59 3.06 2.23 0.00 -0.01 0.02 0.53 0.82
1152 85.01 0.03 0.55 0.62 3.22 2.34 0.00 -0.02 0.02 0.58 0.87
1203 90.28 0.11 0.58 0.66 3.45 2.48 0.03 -0.02 0.03 0.63 0.92
1254 95.26 0.17 0.61 0.69 3.67 2.64 0.05 -0.02 0.03 0.67 0.97
1308 100.22 0.26 0.64 0.72 3.89 2.81 0.08 -0.03 0.03 0.70 1.02
1365 105.15 0.42 0.68 0.75 4.15 2.95 0.15 -0.03 0.03 0.75 1.07
1416 109.98 0.51 0.71 0.77 4.35 3.08 0.18 -0.04 0.04 0.78 1.11
1476 115.24 0.70 0.74 0.81 4.62 3.29 0.26 -0.04 0.06 0.83 1.16
1551 120.84 1.01 0.78 0.84 4.96 3.58 0.39 -0.04 0.08 0.94 1.22
1599 125.39 1.09 0.81 0.87 5.19 3.74 0.43 -0.04 0.09 0.98 1.26
1650 130.23 1.22 0.84 0.90 5.43 3.92 0.48 -0.04 0.11 1.02 1.30
1707 135.31 1.33 0.87 0.94 5.70 4.09 0.53 -0.04 0.14 1.06 1.35
1761 140.27 1.49 0.90 0.98 5.96 4.26 0.59 -0.04 0.22 1.10 1.39
1818 145.34 1.65 0.93 1.02 6.22 4.47 0.66 -0.04 0.32 1.14 1.44
1881 150.18 1.73 0.96 1.07 6.54 4.71 0.69 -0.04 0.57 1.18 1.49
1938 155.19 1.90 0.98 1.10 6.81 4.89 0.76 -0.04 0.62 1.23 1.53
1995 160.48 1.99 1.01 1.15 7.09 5.09 0.80 -0.04 0.69 1.28 1.58
2046 165.12 2.15 1.03 1.18 7.33 5.24 0.87 -0.05 0.74 1.32 1.62
2097 169.83 2.22 1.06 1.21 7.58 5.40 0.90 -0.04 0.80 1.37 1.67
2160 175.52 2.39 1.08 1.25 7.85 5.63 0.97 -0.05 0.87 1.43 1.72
2238 182.37 2.61 1.12 1.28 8.21 5.87 1.06 -0.05 0.95 1.52 1.78
2328 189.09 2.34 1.16 1.32 8.60 6.22 0.94 -0.05 1.11 1.64 1.84
2412 195.31 2.69 1.18 1.35 8.95 6.54 1.09 -0.05 1.17 1.72 1.90
2478 200.42 2.94 1.21 1.38 9.25 6.81 1.20 -0.05 1.22 1.78 1.95
2553 205.69 3.36 1.25 1.40 9.57 7.09 1.38 -0.05 1.27 1.84 1.99
2625 210.70 3.77 1.28 1.43 9.91 7.41 1.55 -0.05 1.33 1.90 2.04
2700 216.15 4.15 1.32 1.47 10.27 7.72 1.71 -0.05 1.40 1.96 2.09
2778 221.50 4.59 1.35 1.50 10.64 8.06 1.90 -0.05 1.47 2.03 2.14
2859 227.22 5.08 1.39 1.53 11.06 8.40 2.11 -0.05 1.57 2.10 2.19
2955 233.21 5.58 1.43 1.58 11.58 8.80 2.32 -0.05 1.70 2.17 2.25
3024 237.30 6.04 1.45 1.61 11.95 9.12 2.51 -0.05 1.79 2.24 2.30
3087 240.65 6.47 1.47 1.64 12.29 9.39 2.69 -0.05 1.90 2.31 2.36
3135 242.07 6.85 1.48 1.65 12.57 9.66 2.85 -0.06 2.01 2.35 2.39
3270 234.22 8.37 1.46 1.62 13.39 10.78 3.44 -0.11 2.31 2.18 2.36
3279 146.31 7.99 1.04 1.12 28.31 13.73 3.22 -0.17 2.26 1.58
A.12

Time Shear
strain νxy εs1 εs2 εs3 εs4
sec KN me me me me me
0 0.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
270 5.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
378 10.37 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00
456 15.91 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00
510 20.64 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.01
561 25.56 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.01
627 32.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.01
657 35.03 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.01
708 40.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.02
735 42.62 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.02
792 48.13 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 -0.04
864 55.02 0.00 0.00 -0.01 0.03 -0.04
912 60.13 0.01 0.00 -0.01 0.04 -0.04
960 65.04 0.01 0.01 -0.01 0.05 -0.04
1011 70.18 0.02 0.01 -0.01 0.07 -0.04
1062 75.51 0.02 0.01 -0.01 0.08 -0.04
1110 80.60 0.03 0.01 -0.01 0.09 -0.04
1152 85.01 0.03 0.01 -0.01 0.10 -0.04
1203 90.28 0.11 0.01 0.00 0.11 -0.03
1254 95.26 0.17 0.02 -0.01 0.11 0.00
1308 100.22 0.26 0.02 -0.02 0.12 0.20
1365 105.15 0.42 0.02 -0.03 0.13 0.65
1416 109.98 0.51 0.02 -0.03 0.13 0.83
1476 115.24 0.70 -0.01 0.00 0.15 1.00
1551 120.84 1.01 0.00 0.15 0.17 1.16
1599 125.39 1.09 0.00 0.24 0.18 1.25
1650 130.23 1.22 0.00 0.36 0.20 1.35
1707 135.31 1.33 0.00 0.44 0.22 1.48
1761 140.27 1.49 0.00 0.51 0.24 1.58
1818 145.34 1.65 0.00 0.60 0.26 1.70
1881 150.18 1.73 0.05 0.69 0.32 1.80
1938 155.19 1.90 0.09 0.75 0.36 1.90
1995 160.48 1.99 0.13 0.81 0.41 2.00
2046 165.12 2.15 0.18 0.86 0.46 2.08
2097 169.83 2.22 0.23 0.92 0.51 2.17
2160 175.52 2.39 0.30 1.00 0.59 2.28
2238 182.37 2.61 0.37 1.09 0.70 2.44
2328 189.09 2.34 0.77 1.45 0.88 2.74
2412 195.31 2.69 1.00 1.61 1.23 3.04
2478 200.42 2.94 1.10 1.70 1.42 3.28
2553 205.69 3.36 1.19 1.83 1.60 3.56
2625 210.70 3.77 1.27 1.95 1.73 3.87
2700 216.15 4.15 1.36 2.09 1.82 4.24
2778 221.50 4.59 1.47 2.24 1.89 4.66
2859 227.22 5.08 1.57 2.42 1.95 5.10
2955 233.21 5.58 1.68 2.67 2.02 5.64
3024 237.30 6.04 1.75 2.88 2.06 6.11
3087 240.65 6.47 1.82 3.13 2.11 6.60
3135 242.07 6.85 1.88 3.49 2.15 7.13
3270 234.22 8.37 2.00 4.67 2.31 7.65
3279 146.31 7.99 1.93 4.64 2.28 5.49
A.13
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H50/3
300 300
T2
250 250
T3
Shear Force (KN)

200 200
Shear Force (KN)
T1 εl 1
150 150
T4 εl 2
100
T3 T4 100
εl 3
50 50

0 0
0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50
300
εs 3
250
Shear Force (KN)
200
εs 1
εs 2
150
εs 4
100
εs 2 εs 4
50
εs 1 εs 3
0
0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00
A.14
V = 35 KN
V = 42 KN
V = 60 KN
V = 85 KN
V = 110 KN
V = 130 KN
V = 150 KN
V = 242 KN
failure
A.15
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H50/3
Cracking for V = 130 KN Cracking at failure (V = 242.07 KN)
A.16
Specimen H50/4
Concrete properties
B-500-S fyk = 500MPa
1φ20 2φ32 + 1φ25
ρl = 2.99% 2 φ32 + 1 φ25 bars in one layer φ8/210
2600 mm
1φ20 1φ20
B-500-S fy = 540 MPa 2φ32 + 2φ25
200 mm
Cast: Jan 11, 2002 φ8/210
351 mm
400 mm
Summary of Test Observations 2φ32 + 1φ25
The test was to be stopped before cracking to adjust transducer 2. A flexural crack was
noticed at stage 1 (V = 30 KN). For V = 110 KN shear cracks appeared. Longitudinal
reinforcement did not reach the yielding strain. The specimen failed at V = 246.34 KN.
300
250
Shear Force (KN)
200
150
100
50
0
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00
νxy (m ε )
A.17
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H50/4
Time Shear
0 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
195 4.97 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.15 0.13 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01
270 10.01 0.00 0.05 0.03 0.31 0.25 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.03
327 14.85 0.01 0.09 0.07 0.47 0.35 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.02 0.05
381 20.00 0.01 0.13 0.11 0.63 0.49 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.04 0.08
438 25.39 0.02 0.17 0.14 0.79 0.62 0.01 0.00 0.04 0.05 0.13
522 35.24 0.02 0.25 0.21 1.11 0.84 0.01 0.00 0.05 0.09 0.23
672 40.64 0.04 0.29 0.36 1.29 0.98 0.01 0.00 0.06 0.11 0.31
684 42.27 0.04 0.31 0.37 1.33 1.02 0.01 0.00 0.07 0.12 0.32
723 47.12 0.04 0.34 0.41 1.50 1.15 0.02 0.00 0.08 0.14 0.37
783 54.56 0.06 0.39 0.47 1.75 1.33 0.02 0.00 0.08 0.20 0.44
828 60.07 0.08 0.42 0.51 1.93 1.46 0.03 -0.01 0.09 0.22 0.49
873 65.56 0.12 0.45 0.55 2.13 1.61 0.05 0.00 0.10 0.25 0.54
924 72.01 0.17 0.49 0.59 2.35 1.78 0.06 -0.01 0.10 0.29 0.59
975 78.62 0.23 0.52 0.63 2.57 1.93 0.09 -0.01 0.11 0.32 0.65
1029 85.08 0.27 0.56 0.67 2.82 2.09 0.10 -0.01 0.12 0.37 0.70
1083 91.96 0.31 0.60 0.70 3.06 2.28 0.12 -0.01 0.13 0.42 0.76
1140 99.12 0.40 0.64 0.74 3.35 2.46 0.16 -0.01 0.14 0.47 0.81
1194 105.37 0.56 0.68 0.78 3.61 2.65 0.21 -0.03 0.15 0.52 0.86
1236 110.34 0.64 0.72 0.82 3.83 2.80 0.24 -0.03 0.15 0.56 0.90
1287 116.44 0.72 0.75 0.87 4.09 2.98 0.27 -0.03 0.17 0.61 0.94
1338 122.56 0.82 0.80 0.93 4.34 3.14 0.32 -0.03 0.19 0.66 0.99
1401 130.02 0.98 0.84 0.99 4.66 3.38 0.38 -0.03 0.23 0.74 1.05
1467 134.13 1.49 0.88 1.02 5.02 3.67 0.59 -0.04 0.43 1.02 1.08
1521 140.13 1.77 0.91 1.06 5.29 3.92 0.71 -0.04 0.57 1.07 1.12
1566 145.29 1.88 0.94 1.09 5.51 4.08 0.75 -0.04 0.61 1.12 1.16
1608 149.98 1.97 0.96 1.12 5.71 4.22 0.79 -0.04 0.65 1.17 1.19
1659 155.76 2.09 0.99 1.15 5.94 4.41 0.84 -0.04 0.70 1.22 1.24
1701 160.39 2.18 1.01 1.18 6.14 4.58 0.88 -0.04 0.75 1.27 1.27
1749 165.27 2.30 1.04 1.20 6.36 4.76 0.93 -0.04 0.84 1.31 1.30
1803 171.02 2.44 1.07 1.24 6.59 4.95 0.99 -0.04 0.92 1.35 1.34
1842 175.10 2.57 1.09 1.25 6.78 5.12 1.04 -0.05 0.96 1.38 1.37
1896 180.48 2.74 1.11 1.28 7.00 5.31 1.12 -0.04 1.02 1.41 1.41
1947 185.49 2.91 1.14 1.31 7.25 5.50 1.19 -0.04 1.07 1.44 1.45
1995 190.26 3.08 1.17 1.34 7.47 5.70 1.26 -0.04 1.11 1.46 1.48
2043 195.16 3.25 1.19 1.37 7.69 5.89 1.33 -0.04 1.17 1.48 1.52
2094 200.19 3.47 1.22 1.40 7.95 6.10 1.42 -0.06 1.23 1.49 1.56
2142 204.91 3.65 1.24 1.44 8.18 6.33 1.49 -0.05 1.29 1.50 1.60
2187 209.31 3.85 1.27 1.47 8.43 6.51 1.58 -0.06 1.33 1.49 1.63
2238 214.35 4.10 1.30 1.51 8.69 6.75 1.69 -0.05 1.38 1.51 1.67
2286 218.90 4.41 1.33 1.55 8.96 6.96 1.80 -0.07 1.44 1.53 1.70
2337 223.80 4.67 1.36 1.58 9.24 7.18 1.91 -0.07 1.50 1.56 1.74
2391 228.80 4.93 1.40 1.61 9.55 7.44 2.02 -0.07 1.56 1.58 1.78
2439 233.07 5.18 1.43 1.64 9.83 7.64 2.13 -0.07 1.62 1.60 1.81
2490 237.36 5.55 1.45 1.66 10.12 7.88 2.27 -0.09 1.69 1.63 1.84
2562 242.85 6.35 1.49 1.70 10.53 8.22 2.50 -0.20 1.78 1.65 1.89
2592 244.80 6.73 1.50 1.70 10.72 8.38 2.58 -0.27 1.83 1.65 1.90
2631 246.34 7.18 1.51 1.71 10.94 8.63 2.71 -0.34 1.90 1.65 1.91
2646 244.84 7.56 1.51 1.71 11.03 8.75 2.75 -0.46 1.93 1.63 1.90
2649 225.66 8.05 1.45 1.66 11.12 9.16 2.72 -0.70 1.97 1.49 1.79
2679 215.69 8.38 1.39 1.61 11.35 9.68 2.83 -0.73 2.06 1.33 1.72
A.18

Time Shear
0 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
195 4.97 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
270 10.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
327 14.85 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
381 20.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00
438 25.39 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00
522 35.24 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.00
672 40.64 0.04 0.01 0.01 0.03 -0.01
684 42.27 0.04 0.01 0.00 0.03 -0.01
723 47.12 0.04 0.01 0.00 0.03 -0.02
783 54.56 0.06 0.01 0.00 0.03 -0.03
828 60.07 0.08 0.01 0.00 0.05 -0.04
873 65.56 0.12 0.01 0.00 0.06 -0.04
924 72.01 0.17 0.02 0.00 0.09 -0.04
975 78.62 0.23 0.02 0.00 0.10 -0.04
1029 85.08 0.27 0.02 0.00 0.08 -0.04
1083 91.96 0.31 0.02 0.00 0.08 -0.03
1140 99.12 0.40 0.02 0.00 0.09 -0.02
1194 105.37 0.56 0.03 -0.01 0.10 -0.01
1236 110.34 0.64 0.03 0.01 0.14 -0.01
1287 116.44 0.72 0.03 0.10 0.18 0.00
1338 122.56 0.82 0.03 0.19 0.22 0.01
1401 130.02 0.98 0.03 0.30 0.31 0.02
1467 134.13 1.49 0.03 1.21 0.58 0.05
1521 140.13 1.77 0.03 1.71 0.66 0.06
1566 145.29 1.88 0.04 1.85 0.71 0.06
1608 149.98 1.97 0.04 1.96 0.77 0.06
1659 155.76 2.09 0.04 2.13 0.84 0.07
1701 160.39 2.18 0.05 2.28 0.90 0.08
1749 165.27 2.30 0.11 2.45 0.98 0.10
1803 171.02 2.44 0.21 2.60 1.06 0.15
1842 175.10 2.57 0.25 2.70 1.12 0.19
1896 180.48 2.74 0.31 2.81 1.20 0.29
1947 185.49 2.91 0.35 2.90 1.28 0.39
1995 190.26 3.08 0.40 2.99 1.35 0.50
2043 195.16 3.25 0.45 3.09 1.44 0.59
2094 200.19 3.47 0.51 3.21 1.58 0.67
2142 204.91 3.65 0.56 3.29 1.76 0.74
2187 209.31 3.85 0.60 3.35 1.91 0.81
2238 214.35 4.10 0.65 3.42 2.04 0.89
2286 218.90 4.41 0.69 3.51 2.12 0.96
2337 223.80 4.67 0.74 3.61 2.20 1.03
2391 228.80 4.93 0.79 3.75 2.28 1.10
2439 233.07 5.18 0.83 3.91 2.37 1.16
2490 237.36 5.55 0.87 4.10 2.45 1.23
2562 242.85 6.35 0.91 4.38 2.58 1.31
2592 244.80 6.73 0.93 4.51 2.63 1.34
2631 246.34 7.18 0.95 4.70 2.71 1.37
2646 244.84 7.56 0.97 4.81 2.74 1.36
2649 225.66 8.05 0.98 5.01 2.75 1.33
2679 215.69 8.38 1.00 5.34 2.84 1.32
A.19
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H50/4
300 300
T2
250 250
T3
Shear Force (KN)

200 200
Shear Force (KN)
T1 εl 1
150 150
T4 εl 2
100
T3 T4 100
εl 3
50 50

0 0
0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50
300
250
εs 1
εs 3
Shear Force (KN)
200
εs 4
150
εs 2
100
εs 2 εs 4
50
εs 1 εs 3
0
0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00
A.20
V = 35 KN
V = 42 KN
V = 60 KN
V = 85 KN
V = 110 KN
V = 130 KN
V = 150 KN
V = 195 KN
V = 246.3 KN
failure
A.21
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H50/4
Cracking for V = 195 KN Cracking at failure (V = 242.34 KN)
A.22
Specimen H50/5
Concrete properties
B-500-S fyk = 500MPa 1φ20 4φ8 2φ32 1φ20

No stirrups at the tested zone 2φ32
4 φ8 bars distributed along the web 2φ8 200 mm
Cast: Jan 11, 2002 4φ8
359 mm
400 mm
2φ32
Beam specimen H50/5 did not contain stirrups but longitudinal bars distributed in the web.
First flexural crack was reported at V = 25 KN. At load stage 4, a shear crack was observed
(V = 85 KN). The beam collapsed briskly under a shear force of V = 129.65 KN.
140
120
100
Shear Force (KN)
80
60
40
20
0
0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50
νxy (m ε )
A.23
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H50/5
Time Shear
0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02
348 3.46 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.24 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.03
429 6.92 0.02 0.04 0.02 0.45 0.33 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.04
459 8.77 0.01 0.04 0.03 0.54 0.38 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.05
483 10.07 0.01 0.05 0.04 0.61 0.43 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.06
540 14.14 0.02 0.08 0.06 0.78 0.54 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.08
576 16.83 0.02 0.10 0.08 0.88 0.62 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.04 0.09
597 18.41 0.02 0.11 0.09 0.96 0.67 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.04 0.10
624 20.59 0.02 0.12 0.11 1.06 0.74 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.05 0.13
654 22.83 0.04 0.14 0.12 1.16 0.82 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.05 0.24
681 25.06 0.05 0.16 0.14 1.25 0.89 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.05 0.28
717 28.01 0.05 0.18 0.17 1.37 0.98 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.06 0.35
741 30.14 0.05 0.20 0.18 1.46 1.03 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.07 0.38
789 34.36 0.06 0.23 0.22 1.66 1.16 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.10 0.45
816 37.02 0.07 0.26 0.25 1.77 1.24 0.03 0.00 0.02 0.12 0.50
840 39.50 0.08 0.27 0.27 1.86 1.31 0.03 0.00 0.02 0.14 0.54
870 42.76 0.10 0.30 0.30 1.97 1.41 0.04 0.00 0.02 0.16 0.58
888 44.66 0.12 0.31 0.32 2.05 1.47 0.05 0.00 0.02 0.21 0.61
903 46.27 0.14 0.32 0.34 2.11 1.51 0.05 0.00 0.02 0.23 0.63
921 48.20 0.16 0.34 0.35 2.19 1.56 0.06 -0.01 0.02 0.26 0.66
948 51.07 0.18 0.36 0.38 2.31 1.63 0.07 -0.01 0.02 0.29 0.70
975 53.84 0.22 0.38 0.40 2.41 1.71 0.09 0.00 0.02 0.33 0.73
1002 56.77 0.24 0.39 0.42 2.52 1.80 0.10 0.00 0.03 0.37 0.77
1032 60.14 0.29 0.41 0.44 2.66 1.90 0.12 0.00 0.03 0.42 0.81
1056 62.83 0.32 0.43 0.46 2.77 1.98 0.13 0.00 0.03 0.46 0.84
1077 65.20 0.35 0.44 0.48 2.86 2.04 0.14 0.00 0.03 0.49 0.86
1098 67.60 0.38 0.45 0.50 2.95 2.11 0.16 0.00 0.03 0.52 0.89
1122 70.29 0.40 0.46 0.51 3.05 2.18 0.17 0.00 0.03 0.56 0.92
1146 72.95 0.43 0.48 0.53 3.16 2.24 0.18 0.00 0.03 0.60 0.95
1173 75.94 0.45 0.49 0.56 3.29 2.33 0.19 0.00 0.03 0.64 0.98
1197 78.64 0.48 0.51 0.57 3.41 2.41 0.20 0.00 0.03 0.68 1.01
1239 83.37 0.53 0.53 0.61 3.59 2.56 0.22 0.00 0.03 0.73 1.06
1254 85.08 0.40 0.54 0.62 3.67 2.60 0.23 0.06 0.03 0.75 1.08
1281 88.17 0.43 0.56 0.64 3.81 2.69 0.25 0.06 0.04 0.79 1.11
1308 91.26 0.46 0.57 0.67 3.95 2.77 0.26 0.06 0.04 0.82 1.14
1332 94.09 0.50 0.60 0.69 4.06 2.84 0.27 0.06 0.04 0.85 1.17
1353 96.43 0.52 0.61 0.71 4.16 2.91 0.28 0.06 0.04 0.88 1.19
1377 99.12 0.55 0.62 0.73 4.28 2.99 0.30 0.06 0.04 0.90 1.22
1407 102.52 0.59 0.64 0.76 4.44 3.10 0.31 0.06 0.04 0.94 1.25
1437 105.88 0.63 0.67 0.79 4.60 3.20 0.33 0.06 0.04 0.98 1.28
1461 108.59 0.67 0.68 0.82 4.71 3.27 0.34 0.06 0.04 1.01 1.31
1482 110.95 0.69 0.70 0.83 4.81 3.34 0.35 0.06 0.05 1.03 1.34
1503 113.34 0.70 0.72 0.86 4.92 3.40 0.36 0.06 0.05 1.06 1.36
1530 116.27 0.75 0.74 0.88 5.06 3.50 0.38 0.06 0.05 1.10 1.39
1560 119.56 0.80 0.76 0.90 5.21 3.61 0.40 0.06 0.05 1.13 1.42
1584 122.13 0.85 0.78 0.92 5.32 3.71 0.42 0.06 0.05 1.16 1.45
1614 125.11 0.89 0.80 0.94 5.48 3.81 0.43 0.06 0.06 1.19 1.48
1650 128.00 0.95 0.83 0.96 5.67 3.93 0.46 0.06 0.09 1.22 1.51
1686 129.65 1.09 0.84 0.97 5.85 4.13 0.51 0.05 0.20 1.25 1.53
1713 124.61 1.93 0.82 0.96 6.03 4.44 0.87 0.06 0.64 1.27 1.48
1716 97.14 2.90 0.66 0.81 6.20 5.31 2.31 1.08 1.19 1.17 1.19
A.24
Specimen H50/5
140 140
T4
T3
120
T2 120
εl 1
100 100
Shear Force (KN)

Shear Force (KN)
T1
80 80
εl 2
60 60
εl 3
T3 T4
40 40
20 20

0 0
0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50
Photographs of the beam specimen
A.25
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
V = 25 KN
V = 48 KN
V = 60 KN
V = 85 KN
V = 102 KN
V = 122 KN
V = 129.7 KN
failure
A.26
Specimen H60/1
Concrete properties
B-500-S fyk = 500MPa 1φ20 1φ20
2φ32
2600 mm
1φ20 1φ20
None 2φ32
200 mm
Cast: February 23, 2001
Tested: April 9, 2001
359 mm
400 mm
2φ32
Beam H60/1 did not contain transversal reinforcement. For safety reasons, as a fragile failure
was expected, the crack control was not carried out. From the LVDT’s readings, flexural
cracking was noticed for V = 30 KN. A shear crack was noticed, from the control cubicle, for
V = 104 KN. The specimen failed violently at V = 108.14 KN. The strain gauge attached to
the longitudinal reinforcement did not measure correctly.
120
100
Shear Force (KN)
80
60
40
20
0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
Time (sec)
A.27
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H60/1
Time Shear Deformations Concrete strains 1 Concrete strains 2
T1 T2 T3 T4 ex1 ey1 exy1 ex2 ey2 exy2
sec KN mm mm mm mm me me me me me me
0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00E3 0.00E3 0.00E3 0.00E3 0.00E3 0.00E3
42 1.83 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02 1.74E-3 -9.78E-3 -2.03E-3 -5.09E-3 -1.30E-3 5.33E-3
86 2.42 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.03 1.58E-3 -9.55E-3 -2.31E-3 -5.15E-3 -2.62E-3 5.81E-3
130 3.10 0.01 0.00 0.04 0.07 1.69E-3 -9.78E-3 -2.80E-3 -5.25E-3 -3.40E-3 6.58E-3
174 3.88 0.02 0.01 0.06 0.09 1.92E-3 -9.20E-3 -3.26E-3 -5.29E-3 1.82E-3 6.86E-3
218 4.82 0.03 0.01 0.09 0.13 2.04E-3 -9.48E-3 -3.70E-3 -5.66E-3 1.88E-3 7.89E-3
262 5.92 0.03 0.01 0.11 0.16 1.87E-3 -9.93E-3 -4.71E-3 -5.83E-3 2.80E-3 8.71E-3
306 7.16 0.04 0.02 0.14 0.20 2.06E-3 -1.02E-3 -5.27E-3 -5.91E-3 4.62E-3 9.57E-3
348 8.40 0.05 0.03 0.16 0.23 1.92E-3 -1.03E-3 -6.01E-3 -6.21E-3 3.93E-3 1.07E-3
394 9.88 0.06 0.03 0.20 0.27 1.62E-3 -1.00E-3 -6.98E-3 -6.20E-3 7.67E-3 1.18E-3
438 11.24 0.07 0.04 0.22 0.30 1.66E-3 -9.93E-3 -7.65E-3 -6.42E-3 6.17E-3 1.29E-3
482 12.78 0.08 0.05 0.25 0.34 1.65E-3 -9.32E-3 -8.83E-3 -6.57E-3 8.77E-3 1.34E-3
526 14.47 0.09 0.06 0.28 0.39 1.36E-3 -9.22E-3 -9.77E-3 -6.63E-3 6.82E-3 1.45E-3
570 16.39 0.10 0.07 0.32 0.44 1.59E-3 -1.07E-3 -1.09E-3 -5.93E-3 6.89E-3 1.60E-3
614 18.45 0.12 0.08 0.35 0.50 1.35E-3 -1.06E-3 -1.21E-3 -6.30E-3 5.36E-3 1.76E-3
658 20.57 0.13 0.09 0.39 0.57 6.71E-3 -5.98E-3 -1.29E-3 -6.08E-3 5.53E-3 1.98E-3
702 22.76 0.15 0.10 0.42 0.64 4.36E-3 -7.48E-3 -1.36E-3 -6.10E-3 5.57E-3 2.04E-3
746 24.94 0.16 0.11 0.46 0.70 1.37E-3 -5.20E-3 -1.42E-3 -5.90E-3 5.30E-3 2.28E-3
790 27.57 0.18 0.13 0.50 0.77 1.87E-3 -4.71E-3 -1.52E-3 -6.05E-3 4.15E-3 2.44E-3
834 30.33 0.20 0.14 0.54 0.85 3.44E-3 -3.96E-3 -1.64E-3 -6.04E-3 1.28E-3 2.63E-3
878 32.94 0.22 0.16 0.60 0.92 1.40E-3 -8.59E-3 -1.97E-3 -5.58E-3 -5.22E-3 2.89E-3
922 35.45 0.23 0.17 0.65 1.01 1.50E-3 -1.11E-3 -2.29E-3 -5.23E-3 -5.22E-3 3.01E-3
970 38.56 0.25 0.19 0.72 1.14 1.45E-3 -1.22E-3 -2.43E-3 -5.06E-3 -8.41E-3 3.18E-3
1016 41.35 0.27 0.21 0.78 1.25 1.33E-3 -1.31E-3 -2.65E-3 -4.75E-3 -9.14E-3 3.31E-3
1060 43.97 0.29 0.22 0.86 1.36 1.32E-3 -1.41E-3 -2.98E-3 -4.97E-3 -7.47E-3 3.46E-3
1106 47.00 0.31 0.24 0.93 1.46 1.28E-3 -1.50E-3 -3.25E-3 -5.28E-3 -1.69E-3 3.68E-3
1150 49.85 0.33 0.26 0.99 1.56 9.88E-3 -1.66E-3 -3.43E-3 -5.26E-3 6.58E-3 3.85E-3
1212 53.99 0.37 0.29 1.08 1.74 8.12E-3 -1.96E-3 -3.81E-3 -4.65E-3 1.12E-3 3.99E-3
1258 56.99 0.39 0.31 1.15 1.86 2.88E-3 -1.45E-3 -4.08E-3 -4.42E-3 7.58E-3 4.20E-3
1306 60.31 0.41 0.34 1.24 1.97 -3.51E-3 -1.91E-3 -4.13E-3 -4.86E-3 6.77E-3 4.35E-3
1350 62.81 0.43 0.35 1.32 2.07 -1.49E-3 -3.44E-3 3.38E-3 -5.55E-3 1.29E-3 4.53E-3
1394 65.78 0.45 0.38 1.41 2.19 -2.50E-3 -3.71E-3 8.69E-3 4.78E-3 -1.93E-3 4.53E-3
1468 70.35 0.48 0.41 1.55 2.41 -3.80E-3 -4.17E-3 5.62E-3 6.88E-3 -7.88E-3 4.44E-3
1518 73.64 0.50 0.43 1.65 2.53 -4.93E-3 -4.25E-3 1.53E-3 6.66E-3 -9.16E-3 4.57E-3
1570 77.06 0.53 0.46 1.75 2.66 -5.92E-3 -4.53E-3 -2.30E-3 4.54E-3 -9.22E-3 4.63E-3
1616 80.04 0.55 0.48 1.86 2.78 -6.79E-3 -4.74E-3 -8.47E-3 -4.23E-3 -8.76E-3 4.64E-3
1660 82.85 0.56 0.49 1.97 2.91 -7.38E-3 -5.03E-3 -1.46E-3 -3.47E-3 -9.11E-3 4.69E-3
1704 85.56 0.58 0.51 2.08 3.03 -7.93E-3 -5.16E-3 -2.29E-3 -8.30E-3 -9.68E-3 4.81E-3
1748 88.46 0.60 0.53 2.19 3.14 -8.48E-3 -5.45E-3 -2.90E-3 -9.69E-3 -1.11E-3 4.93E-3
1796 91.30 0.62 0.55 2.30 3.26 -8.90E-3 -5.71E-3 -4.00E-3 -1.33E-3 -1.14E-3 5.06E-3
1874 96.17 0.65 0.58 2.51 3.48 -9.70E-3 -4.38E-3 -5.93E-3 -1.94E-3 -1.04E-3 5.44E-3
1918 98.73 0.67 0.60 2.64 3.60 -1.01E3 -3.64E-3 -6.69E-3 -2.27E-3 -9.53E-3 5.66E-3
1962 101.37 0.69 0.61 2.75 3.71 -1.03E3 -1.26E-3 -7.47E-3 -2.70E-3 -7.86E-3 5.85E-3
2006 103.84 0.70 0.63 2.88 3.82 -1.05E3 1.91E-3 -7.91E-3 -3.17E-3 -6.64E-3 6.10E-3
2048 105.73 0.72 0.64 3.04 3.94 -1.07E3 3.91E-3 -8.01E-3 -3.52E-3 -5.70E-3 6.30E-3
2094 107.36 0.73 0.65 3.22 4.08 -1.10E3 5.26E-3 -8.10E-3 -3.81E-3 -4.47E-3 6.55E-3
2118 108.14 0.73 0.66 3.31 4.15 -1.11E3 6.06E-3 -8.04E-3 -3.99E-3 -3.90E-3 6.71E-3
2136 106.94 0.73 0.66 3.43 4.21 -1.11E3 6.59E-3 -7.80E-3 -4.10E-3 -3.41E-3 6.73E-3
2152 104.05 0.72 0.65 3.61 4.26 -1.10E3 6.59E-3 -7.60E-3 -4.06E-3 -3.22E-3 6.60E-3
2170 25.32 0.19 0.06 6.19 5.09 -6.32E-3 2.80E-3 -2.50E-3 -2.39E-3 -4.61E-3 2.40E-3
A.28
Specimen H60/1
120
T2 T4
T3
100
80
Shear Force (KN)

T1
60
40 T3 T4
20
T1 T2
0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0
Deformation (mm)
Cracking control
V = 108.1 KN
A.29
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
A.30
Specimen H60/2
Concrete properties
B-500-S fyk = 500MPa 1φ20
φ6/200 2φ32

2φ32
B-500-S fy = 530 MPa
2φ8
φ6/200
353 mm
400 mm
2φ32
Beam specimen H60/2 contained the minimum amount of shear reinforcement for a 75 MPa
concrete. Flexural cracking was noticed at V = 40 KN. At load stage 3 (V = 95 KN), the first
shear crack was observed. Temposonic 1 had to be readjusted during the test, but all the other
instruments worked properly. Stirrup 3 yielded for V = 140 KN. The other stirrups did not
yield. Failure took place for a shear strength V = 179.74 KN, when the shear crack reached
the top face of the beam. The longitudinal reinforcement did not yield.
200
180
160
Shear strength(KN)
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000
Time (sec)
A.31
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H60/2
Time Shear Deformations Long reinf Transversal reinforcement
T1 T2 T3 T4 ε εs1 εs2 εs3 εs4 εs5
sec KN mm Mm mm mm me Me me me me me
0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
203 5.37 0.04 0.02 0.17 0.13 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01
373 10.07 0.07 0.04 0.29 0.25 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01
490 16.44 0.11 0.08 0.44 0.41 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01
548 20.04 0.15 0.11 0.52 0.53 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01
623 25.14 0.20 0.15 0.65 0.68 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01
653 27.17 0.21 0.16 0.71 0.74 0.12 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01
700 30.57 0.23 0.18 0.79 0.84 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01
770 35.94 0.26 0.21 0.93 1.04 0.22 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01
798 37.90 0.29 0.23 0.98 1.13 0.23 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00
898 45.70 0.34 0.27 1.19 1.42 0.36 0.00 0.00 0.06 -0.03
950 50.12 0.38 0.30 1.31 1.59 0.41 0.00 0.00 0.08 -0.04
1013 55.74 0.41 0.33 1.45 1.82 0.47 0.01 0.00 0.10 -0.04
1075 61.09 0.42 0.35 1.58 2.01 0.52 0.01 -0.01 0.12 -0.04
1118 64.67 0.45 0.37 1.68 2.16 0.56 0.01 -0.02 0.14 -0.04
1145 67.32 0.46 0.39 1.74 2.27 0.58 0.01 -0.03 0.15 -0.04
1173 70.03 0.47 0.40 1.81 2.38 0.60 0.01 -0.03 0.16 -0.04
1228 75.29 0.50 0.43 1.94 2.56 0.65 0.01 -0.04 0.19 -0.04
1278 80.05 0.52 0.45 2.05 2.75 0.70 0.02 -0.04 0.21 -0.04
1318 83.93 0.56 0.48 2.14 2.92 0.74 0.02 -0.04 0.23 -0.04
1350 86.92 0.58 0.49 2.21 3.04 0.78 0.02 -0.04 0.25 -0.04
1385 90.21 0.61 0.52 2.29 3.17 0.82 0.02 -0.03 0.26 -0.02
1418 93.14 0.63 0.54 2.37 3.31 0.87 0.02 0.01 0.28 -0.01
1440 94.96 0.64 0.55 2.42 3.41 0.90 0.02 0.06 0.28 0.00
1473 97.39 0.66 0.57 2.51 3.56 0.95 0.02 0.15 0.29 0.05
1533 101.93 0.70 0.60 2.64 3.79 1.04 0.02 1.05 0.30 0.14
1550 103.47 0.72 0.62 2.68 3.87 1.07 0.02 1.20 0.30 0.17
1608 108.57 0.77 0.65 2.83 4.13 1.15 0.02 1.52 0.31 0.25
1678 114.64 0.83 0.70 3.03 4.41 1.25 0.02 1.92 0.32 0.41
1705 117.01 0.85 0.72 3.10 4.54 1.26 0.02 2.12 0.32 0.50
1735 119.70 0.87 0.74 3.18 4.68 1.30 0.01 2.34 0.33 0.52
1790 124.21 0.91 0.77 3.31 4.89 1.38 0.03 2.76 0.35 0.58
1860 128.51 0.95 0.81 3.50 5.22 1.44 0.81 2.98 0.41 0.66
1910 132.52 0.97 0.83 3.64 5.42 1.50 0.90 2.98 0.42 0.72
1963 136.21 1.01 0.86 3.81 5.64 1.55 0.99 2.95 0.43 0.77
2023 140.14 1.03 0.88 4.03 5.92 1.61 1.07 2.98 0.45 0.82
2085 145.03 1.03 0.91 4.24 6.18 1.68 1.19 4.49 0.47 0.87
2113 147.16 1.04 0.92 4.33 6.32 1.71 1.23 7.08 0.48 0.89
2153 150.12 1.06 0.94 4.45 6.49 1.76 1.30 12.05 0.49 0.93
2208 154.24 1.08 0.96 4.65 6.73 1.81 1.41 16.27 0.50 0.97
2295 158.87 1.11 0.99 4.93 7.12 1.88 1.48 19.15 0.53 1.02
2345 162.12 1.13 1.01 5.10 7.35 1.92 1.52 17.98 0.56 1.05
2388 164.84 1.14 1.03 5.27 7.56 1.96 1.56 14.42 0.58 1.07
2468 169.69 1.17 1.06 5.56 7.93 2.03 1.62 7.79 0.61 1.09
2548 174.46 1.19 1.08 5.83 8.29 2.09 1.68 7.47 0.65 1.12
2578 176.39 1.20 1.09 5.93 8.43 2.11 1.71 7.41 0.66 1.13
2608 178.25 1.21 1.10 6.02 8.59 2.14 1.74 7.37 0.67 1.14
2638 179.74 1.22 1.11 6.11 8.73 2.16 1.76 7.36 0.68 1.15
2643 179.25 1.22 1.11 6.13 8.75 2.16 1.76 7.39 0.69 1.14
2645 135.02 1.05 1.10 5.94 8.91 1.72 1.63 6.00 0.65 1.03
2648 133.70 1.04 1.10 5.94 8.92 1.70 1.62 6.05 0.65 1.02
A.32

Time Shear Concrete strains 1 Concrete strains 2
εx1 εy1 εxy1 εx2 εy2 εxy2
0 0.00 0.00E+3 0.00E+3 0.00E3 0.00E3 0.00E3 0.00E3
203 5.37 3.91E-3 -1.49E-3 -2.43E-3 -2.09E-3 -3.74E-3 6.62E-3
373 10.07 4.11E-3 -1.67E-3 -4.34E-3 -1.91E-3 -3.71E-3 8.53E-3
490 16.44 0.00366 -0.0014 -0.0074 -0.002 -0.0037 0.01159
548 20.04 3.19E-3 -2.08E-3 -9.47E-3 -2.16E-3 -3.90E-3 1.35E-3
623 25.14 7.19E-3 -2.51E-3 -1.01E-3 -1.94E-3 -4.59E-3 1.59E-3
653 27.17 0.0039 0.00103 -0.0069 -0.0016 -0.0053 0.01654
700 30.57 -2.56E-3 6.70E-3 9.52E-3 -1.10E-3 -5.56E-3 1.73E-3
770 35.94 0.004 0.01718 0.00923 -0.0007 -0.0058 0.02038
798 37.90 -4.47E-3 2.05E-3 1.20E-3 -5.74E-3 -6.20E-3 2.14E-3
898 45.70 -1.32E-3 5.12E-3 5.25E-3 1.11E-3 -6.95E-3 2.48E-3
950 50.12 -2.42E-3 3.62E-3 1.01E-3 1.58E-3 -7.29E-3 2.63E-3
1013 55.74 -3.35E-3 1.57E-3 1.41E-3 3.02E-3 -8.76E-3 2.68E-3
1075 61.09 3.58E-3 5.84E-3 1.78E-3 2.30E-3 -9.31E-3 3.11E-3
1118 64.67 -4.66E-3 -1.03E-3 2.02E-3 2.71E-3 -1.09E-3 3.20E-3
1145 67.32 0.00384 -0.0142 0.21459 0.00272 -0.0113 0.03247
1173 70.03 -5.26E-3 -1.69E-3 2.22E-3 1.99E-3 -1.19E-3 3.31E-3
1228 75.29 -5.65E-3 -2.26E-3 2.31E-3 2.52E-3 -1.26E-3 3.24E-3
1278 80.05 -5.93E-3 -2.86E-3 2.34E-3 -1.69E-3 -1.23E-3 3.18E-3
1318 83.93 -6.04E-3 -3.19E-3 2.32E-3 -1.49E-3 -1.05E-3 3.28E-3
1350 86.92 0.00382 -0.0334 0.22545 0.00035 -0.0035 0.03361
1385 90.21 -5.97E-3 -3.17E-3 2.11E-3 2.05E-3 1.61E-3 3.79E-3
1418 93.14 -5.79E-3 -2.85E-3 1.95E-3 2.00E-3 -3.60E-3 4.29E-3
1440 94.96 -5.60E-3 -2.24E-3 1.81E-3 1.57E-3 -1.38E-3 4.52E-3
1473 97.39 0.00391 0.00522 0.13701 -0.0116 -0.0229 0.04933
1533 101.93 0.00386 0.00855 0.08626 -0.0423 -0.0213 0.0681
1550 103.47 -3.14E-3 9.27E-3 7.66E-3 -4.79E-3 -1.99E-3 7.18E-3
1608 108.57 -2.72E-3 1.10E-3 5.51E-3 -5.74E-3 -1.82E-3 8.13E-3
1678 114.64 -2.23E-3 1.39E-3 2.90E-3 -6.76E-3 -1.56E-3 9.24E-3
1705 117.01 -2.05E-3 1.55E-3 1.97E-3 -7.11E-3 -1.52E-3 9.61E-3
1735 119.70 0.0041 0.01863 0.01143 -0.0758 -0.0147 0.10113
1790 124.21 -1.57E-3 2.33E-3 -2.31E-3 -7.98E-3 -1.74E-3 1.07E-3
1860 128.51 0.00418 0.0248 -0.0158 -0.0046 0.02378 0.08506
1910 132.52 -1.20E-3 2.60E-3 -2.43E-3 4.55E-3 3.76E-3 8.27E-3
1963 136.21 -1.06E-3 2.71E-3 -3.23E-3 2.34E-3 7.05E-3 7.59E-3
2023 140.14 -9.36E-3 2.99E-3 -3.73E-3 4.04E-3 1.21E-3 6.46E-3
2085 145.03 0.00385 0.03339 -0.045 0.05741 0.17924 0.05333
2113 147.16 -7.01E-3 3.40E-3 -4.91E-3 6.55E-3 2.09E-3 4.85E-3
2153 150.12 0.00393 0.03535 -0.0539 0.0832 0.24971 0.04056
2208 154.24 -5.29E-3 3.74E-3 -5.94E-3 1.05E-3 3.13E-3 2.61E-3
2295 158.87 -4.96E-3 3.86E-3 -6.33E-3 1.38E-3 4.35E-3 -8.50E-3
2345 162.12 -4.61E-3 4.08E-3 -6.61E-3 1.69E-3 5.40E-3 -4.42E-3
2388 164.84 -4.42E-3 4.24E-3 -6.87E-3 1.83E-3 6.03E-3 -6.82E-3
2468 169.69 -4.15E-3 4.31E-3 -7.63E-3 2.08E-3 7.27E-3 -1.22E-3
2548 174.46 -4.03E-3 4.06E-3 -9.32E-3 2.44E-3 9.07E-3 -2.04E-3
2578 176.39 -3.89E-3 4.19E-3 -9.67E-3 2.51E-3 9.53E-3 -2.26E-3
2608 178.25 -3.74E-3 4.28E-3 -9.95E-3 2.59E-3 9.98E-3 -2.47E-3
2638 179.74 -3.71E-3 4.41E-3 -1.02E-3 2.64E-3 1.04E+3 -2.66E-3
2643 179.25 -3.62E-3 4.44E-3 -1.04E-3 2.67E-3 1.04E+3 -2.71E-3
2645 135.02 3.47E-3 3.23E-3 -1.78E-3 3.24E-3 9.24E-3 -3.23E-3
2648 133.70 0.00434 0.03151 -0.1795 0.32712 0.91502 -0.3216
A.33
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H60/2
200 200
180 180
T2 T3
160 160
140 140
Shear Force (KN)

Shear Force (KN)
120 120
T1 T4
100 100
εl
80 80
T3 T4
60 60
40 40
20 20
T1 T2 εl
0 0
0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50
200
180
εs 5
160
εs 2
140
Shear Force (KN)
120
εs 3
100
80
εs 1 εs 3 εs 5
εs 4
60
εs 2 εs 4
40
20
0
0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00
A.34
V = 50 KN
V = 84 KN
V = 95 KN
V = 117 KN
V = 140 KN
V = 162 KN
V = 180 KN
failure
A.35
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H60/2
Cracking at failure (V = 179.74 KN)
A.36
Specimen H60/3
Concrete properties
B-500-S fyk = 500MPa 1φ20
φ8/210 2φ32

B-500-S fy = 530 MPa 2φ32
2φ8
φ8/210
351 mm
400 mm
2φ32
Beam specimen H60/3 failed under a combination of high shear and flexural strains. Although
stirrups 3, 4 and 5 had yielded, the shear crack did not reach the top face of the section at
failure (V = 258.78 KN). The longitudinal rebar strain equalled the yielding strain just before
the collapse. The failure was relatively ductile, as the shear crack did not cross completely the
beam.
300
250
Shear Force (KN)
200
150
100
50
0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500
Time (sec)
A.37
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H60/3
sec KN mm mm mm mm me Me me me me me
0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
165 5.02 0.03 0.01 0.11 0.13 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
338 14.75 0.09 0.06 0.29 0.41 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00
413 20.18 0.13 0.09 0.40 0.56 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00
475 25.29 0.17 0.12 0.50 0.72 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00
540 30.88 0.21 0.15 0.60 0.87 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00
618 37.25 0.26 0.19 0.73 1.09 0.12 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01
698 44.09 0.31 0.24 0.88 1.35 0.16 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 -0.01
765 50.04 0.35 0.28 1.02 1.55 0.21 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 -0.03
815 54.57 0.38 0.32 1.13 1.72 0.27 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 -0.04
888 61.16 0.43 0.37 1.29 1.98 0.45 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 -0.04
958 67.92 0.47 0.43 1.45 2.22 0.54 -0.01 0.00 -0.01 0.01 -0.05
1015 73.32 0.50 0.46 1.61 2.45 0.60 -0.01 0.00 -0.04 0.00 -0.05
1048 75.95 0.52 0.48 1.70 2.55 0.63 -0.01 0.00 0.04 0.00 -0.05
1093 79.99 0.55 0.51 1.81 2.69 0.67 -0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 -0.04
1145 85.17 0.58 0.54 1.95 2.90 0.71 -0.01 0.01 -0.06 -0.01 -0.04
1255 94.98 0.64 0.59 2.32 3.32 0.85 -0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.04
1333 102.14 0.69 0.63 2.57 3.65 0.91 -0.02 0.02 0.01 0.17 0.25
1420 110.28 0.74 0.67 2.90 4.02 1.03 -0.02 0.02 -0.05 0.84 0.41
1475 115.61 0.78 0.70 3.08 4.25 1.08 -0.02 0.03 -0.06 1.09 0.48
1490 117.09 0.79 0.71 3.14 4.30 1.10 -0.02 0.03 -0.07 1.15 0.49
1565 122.86 0.83 0.74 3.42 4.64 1.15 -0.02 0.03 -0.10 1.40 0.57
1633 129.01 0.88 0.77 3.63 4.92 1.21 -0.01 -0.01 -0.02 1.63 0.65
1643 129.96 0.89 0.78 3.67 4.96 1.22 -0.01 -0.01 -0.11 1.66 0.66
1688 134.42 0.91 0.80 3.82 5.16 1.26 -0.01 -0.01 -0.05 1.79 0.72
1743 139.84 0.95 0.84 4.00 5.40 1.32 -0.01 -0.01 0.96 1.94 0.79
1800 145.35 0.99 0.87 4.17 5.63 1.38 -0.02 -0.01 3.14 2.15 0.88
1850 150.05 1.02 0.90 4.32 5.87 1.44 -0.02 -0.01 5.71 2.35 0.97
1928 157.47 1.06 0.95 4.56 6.19 1.55 -0.02 0.00 25.50 2.54 1.09
2008 164.94 1.11 1.00 4.78 6.55 1.67 -0.02 0.00 2.71 1.22
2010 165.19 1.11 1.00 4.78 6.56 1.67 -0.02 0.00 2.72 1.23
2055 169.42 1.13 1.02 4.91 6.75 1.73 -0.02 0.01 2.81 1.30
2110 174.66 1.17 1.06 5.07 7.01 1.80 -0.02 0.01 2.93 1.39
2168 180.02 1.20 1.09 5.21 7.25 1.88 -0.02 0.01 3.04 1.50
2230 185.31 1.23 1.12 5.36 7.55 1.94 -0.02 0.02 3.12 1.63
2288 190.02 1.26 1.14 5.51 7.79 2.00 -0.02 0.02 3.18 1.81
2345 195.10 1.29 1.17 5.66 8.06 2.06 -0.02 0.02 3.27 1.91
2408 199.75 1.32 1.19 5.81 8.33 2.10 -0.02 0.03 3.49 2.04
2490 205.72 1.35 1.22 6.00 8.72 2.15 -0.02 0.03 3.67 2.19
2535 209.71 1.38 1.24 6.12 8.91 2.19 -0.02 0.03 3.71 2.26
2598 215.26 1.41 1.27 6.28 9.21 2.25 -0.02 0.03 3.77 2.36
2648 219.76 1.44 1.30 6.41 9.44 2.29 -0.02 0.03 3.84 2.44
2713 225.20 1.47 1.32 6.57 9.74 2.35 -0.02 0.04 3.91 2.54
2780 230.27 1.50 1.35 6.75 10.03 2.40 -0.02 0.04 3.99 2.65
2850 235.57 1.54 1.39 6.94 10.37 2.46 -0.02 0.04 4.12 2.74
2948 242.29 1.58 1.44 7.23 10.81 2.53 -0.03 0.05 4.57 2.86
3025 247.29 1.61 1.47 7.48 11.19 2.64 -0.03 0.05 7.08 2.96
3125 253.23 1.64 1.51 7.85 11.67 2.75 -0.03 0.06 9.85 3.10
3248 258.78 1.67 1.55 8.34 12.26 2.84 -0.03 0.06 11.99 3.23
3255 258.18 1.67 1.55 8.39 12.30 2.84 -0.03 0.06 12.08 3.23
3305 246.03 1.62 1.53 8.66 12.64 2.77 -0.03 0.06 12.20 3.26
A.38

0 0.00 0.00E3 0.00E3 0.00E3 0.00E3 0.00E3 0.00E3
165 5.02 5.75E-3 -8.01E-3 -5.89E-3 -2.62E-3 2.65E-3 7.50E-3
338 14.75 2.46E-3 -1.66E-3 -1.70E-3 -2.64E-3 2.21E-3 1.84E-3
413 20.18 3.15E-3 -1.94E-3 -2.28E-3 -2.47E-3 1.96E-3 2.43E-3
475 25.29 4.30E-3 -1.45E-3 -2.75E-3 -1.86E-3 1.31E-3 2.92E-3
540 30.88 2.90E-3 -1.94E-3 -3.18E-3 -8.05E-3 6.76E-3 3.51E-3
618 37.25 9.96E-3 -3.17E-3 -3.49E-3 7.13E-3 3.01E-3 4.14E-3
698 44.09 1.61E-3 -2.28E-3 -3.29E-3 1.89E-3 -5.98E-3 4.79E-3
765 50.04 6.16E-3 -4.42E-3 -3.28E-3 2.78E-3 -1.25E-3 5.33E-3
815 54.57 -2.59E-3 -7.23E-3 -3.21E-3 4.00E-3 -1.48E-3 5.70E-3
888 61.16 -1.93E-3 -1.60E-3 1.70E-3 3.05E-3 -1.55E-3 6.22E-3
958 67.92 -4.65E-3 -1.45E-3 2.84E-3 4.09E-3 -3.38E-3 6.84E-3
1015 73.32 -5.88E-3 -1.42E-3 2.57E-3 4.65E-3 -6.32E-3 7.23E-3
1048 75.95 -6.35E-3 -1.62E-3 2.42E-3 1.81E-3 -7.03E-3 7.70E-3
1093 79.99 -6.99E-3 -1.95E-3 1.95E-3 4.44E-3 -2.17E-3 7.92E-3
1145 85.17 -7.81E-3 -1.44E-3 1.45E-3 -1.03E-3 -2.66E-3 7.05E-3
1255 94.98 -7.60E-3 -1.35E-3 -3.21E-3 -1.60E-3 -2.29E-3 7.18E-3
1333 102.14 -8.61E-3 1.41E-3 -2.96E-3 -2.02E-3 -2.00E-3 8.08E-3
1420 110.28 -1.28E3 1.28E3 -8.62E-3 -3.26E-3 -1.34E-3 9.23E-3
1475 115.61 -1.28E3 1.27E3 -9.90E-3 -4.03E-3 -4.81E-3 9.96E-3
1490 117.09 -1.28E3 1.27E3 -1.02E-3 -4.22E-3 -2.40E-3 1.01E-3
1565 122.86 -1.28E3 1.27E3 -1.14E-3 -5.71E-3 1.89E-3 1.15E-3
1633 129.01 -1.28E3 1.27E3 -1.30E-3 -9.93E-3 1.48E-3 1.14E-3
1643 129.96 -1.28E3 1.27E3 -1.33E-3 -1.03E-3 1.23E-3 1.17E-3
1688 134.42 -1.28E3 1.27E3 -1.43E-3 -1.16E-3 6.06E-3 1.26E-3
1743 139.84 -1.28E3 1.27E3 -1.54E-3 -1.27E-3 4.34E-3 1.33E-3
1800 145.35 -1.28E3 1.27E3 -1.69E-3 -1.38E-3 5.83E-3 1.38E-3
1850 150.05 -1.28E3 1.27E3 -1.85E-3 -1.53E-3 7.33E-3 1.45E-3
1928 157.47 -1.28E3 1.27E3 -2.06E-3 -1.66E-3 5.72E-3 1.65E-3
2008 164.94 -1.28E3 1.27E3 -2.33E-3 -1.87E-3 4.30E-3 1.95E-3
2010 165.19 -1.28E3 1.27E3 -2.34E-3 -1.87E-3 4.31E-3 1.95E-3
2055 169.42 -1.28E3 1.27E3 -2.45E-3 -1.96E-3 4.79E-3 2.04E-3
2110 174.66 -1.28E3 1.27E3 -2.61E-3 -2.04E-3 6.00E-3 2.13E-3
2168 180.02 -1.28E3 1.27E3 -2.79E-3 -2.13E-3 8.40E-3 2.20E-3
2230 185.31 -1.28E3 1.27E3 -2.88E-3 -2.25E-3 1.36E-3 2.31E-3
2288 190.02 -1.28E3 1.27E3 -3.02E-3 -2.29E-3 8.51E-3 2.39E-3
2345 195.10 -1.28E3 1.27E3 -3.13E-3 -2.17E-3 -2.14E-3 2.57E-3
2408 199.75 -1.28E3 1.27E3 -3.30E-3 -2.04E-3 -4.01E-3 2.65E-3
2490 205.72 -1.28E3 1.27E3 -2.95E-3 -2.36E-3 -2.23E-3 2.59E-3
2535 209.71 -1.28E3 1.27E3 -2.83E-3 -2.40E-3 -2.04E-3 2.60E-3
2598 215.26 -1.28E3 1.27E3 -2.85E-3 -2.45E-3 -1.94E-3 2.64E-3
2648 219.76 -1.28E3 1.27E3 -2.77E-3 -2.50E-3 -1.77E-3 2.65E-3
2713 225.20 -1.28E3 1.27E3 -2.71E-3 -2.57E-3 -1.67E-3 2.68E-3
2780 230.27 -1.28E3 1.27E3 -2.67E-3 -2.64E-3 -1.56E-3 2.71E-3
2850 235.57 -1.28E3 1.27E3 -2.61E-3 -2.70E-3 -1.43E-3 2.74E-3
2948 242.29 -1.28E3 1.27E3 -2.58E-3 -2.78E-3 -1.11E-3 2.75E-3
3025 247.29 -1.28E3 1.27E3 -2.66E-3 -2.84E-3 -7.64E-3 2.74E-3
3125 253.23 -1.28E3 1.27E3 -2.74E-3 -2.92E-3 -4.04E-3 2.75E-3
3248 258.78 -1.28E3 1.27E3 -2.80E-3 -3.03E-3 -4.85E-3 2.76E-3
3255 258.18 -1.28E3 1.27E3 -2.79E-3 -3.03E-3 -8.47E-3 2.76E-3
3305 246.03 -1.28E3 1.27E3 -2.62E-3 -2.99E-3 1.74E-3 2.64E-3
A.39
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H60/3
300 300
T2 T3
250 250
Shear Force (KN)

200 200
Shear Force (KN)
T1 T4
150 150
εl
100
T3 T4 100
50 50
T1 T2 εl
0 0
0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00
300
250
εs 2
εs 5
Shear Force (KN)
200
150
εs 3
εs 1 εs 4
100
εs 1 εs 3 εs 5
50
εs 2 εs 4
0
0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00
A.40
Specimen H60/3– Cracking control
V = 50 KN
V = 80 KN
V = 95 KN
V = 117 KN
V = 130 KN
V = 165 KN
V = 258.8 KN
failure
A.41
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H60/3
Test set-up for beam H60-3
Cracking at failure (V = 258.74 KN)
A.42
Specimen H60/4
Concrete properties
1φ20 2φ32 + 1φ25
ρl = 2.99% 2 φ32 + 1 φ25 bars in one layer φ8/210
2600 mm
1φ20 1φ20
B-500-S fy = 530 MPa 2φ32 + 2φ25
200 mm
Cast: February 23, 2001 φ8/210
351 mm
400 mm
2φ32 + 1φ25
Problems were noticed with the hydraulics, and the beam specimen was heavily loaded by
accident before testing it. It was possible to stop the force and the beam did not collapse,
although it was completely cracked. Therefore, the cracks were not controlling during the test.
The failure happened with a surprisingly high V = 308.71 KN, after the longitudinal
reinforcement yielding. Strain gauges at stirrups 2, 4 and 5 did not report significant data.
350
300
250
Shear Force (KN)
200
150
100
50
0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500
Time (sec)
A.43
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H60/4
sec KN mm mm mm mm me Me me me me me
0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
210 10.60 0.05 0.03 0.14 0.33 -0.01 0.00 0.01
270 15.11 0.07 0.05 0.28 0.48 0.01 0.00 0.02
328 20.00 0.10 0.08 0.44 0.65 0.05 0.00 0.05
383 25.07 0.13 0.11 0.64 0.85 0.08 0.00 0.10
488 36.06 0.21 0.18 1.00 1.20 0.17 0.00 0.24
540 41.78 0.25 0.22 1.11 1.41 0.22 0.00 0.33
658 55.38 0.34 0.33 1.41 1.87 0.37 0.00 0.54
695 60.00 0.37 0.36 1.51 2.02 0.43 0.00 0.61
740 65.57 0.40 0.41 1.63 2.19 0.49 0.00 0.69
818 75.44 0.47 0.48 1.82 2.53 0.61 0.00 0.85
855 80.29 0.50 0.51 1.92 2.68 0.67 0.00 0.93
900 86.19 0.54 0.55 2.05 2.87 0.74 0.00 1.02
938 91.16 0.57 0.57 2.15 3.05 0.80 0.00 1.10
980 96.88 0.60 0.61 2.26 3.22 0.87 0.00 1.20
1025 102.91 0.64 0.64 2.37 3.41 0.94 -0.01 1.29
1063 108.00 0.67 0.66 2.47 3.59 1.00 -0.01 1.38
1100 113.13 0.70 0.69 2.58 3.75 1.06 -0.01 1.46
1140 118.65 0.73 0.72 2.70 3.92 1.12 -0.01 1.55
1185 124.84 0.78 0.75 2.83 4.12 1.20 -0.01 1.65
1228 130.77 0.82 0.78 2.95 4.31 1.27 -0.01 1.74
1298 140.61 0.89 0.84 3.19 4.61 1.39 -0.01 1.90
1333 145.54 0.92 0.88 3.30 4.77 1.45 -0.01 1.98
1370 150.81 0.95 0.91 3.42 4.93 1.52 -0.01 2.07
1415 157.16 1.00 0.96 3.57 5.12 1.60 -0.01 2.17
1460 163.42 1.04 1.00 3.75 5.34 1.68 -0.01 2.28
1503 169.34 1.08 1.03 3.92 5.53 1.75 -0.02 2.38
1540 174.42 1.11 1.06 4.06 5.69 1.82 -0.01 2.48
1588 180.54 1.15 1.10 4.24 5.94 1.91 -0.02 2.62
1635 186.81 1.19 1.13 4.46 6.15 2.00 -0.02 2.81
1685 193.27 1.23 1.16 4.65 6.41 2.10 -0.02 3.03
1730 199.00 1.26 1.19 4.85 6.63 2.19 -0.03 3.27
1783 205.55 1.30 1.22 5.08 6.88 2.29 -0.03 3.63
1823 210.53 1.33 1.25 5.23 7.10 2.37 -0.03 4.00
1883 217.07 1.38 1.28 5.47 7.38 2.69 -0.04 4.60
1948 224.71 1.43 1.33 5.72 7.71 2.85 -0.04 5.47
1998 230.73 1.46 1.36 5.89 7.94 3.00 0.08 6.19
2060 237.85 1.51 1.41 6.12 8.26 3.15 -0.08 7.17
2123 244.69 1.55 1.46 6.33 8.55 3.17 -0.05 8.30
2173 249.86 1.58 1.49 6.48 8.81 3.24 -0.04 9.34
2230 255.66 1.61 1.53 6.68 9.08 3.35 -0.05 10.66
2288 261.52 1.65 1.58 6.85 9.38 3.45 0.05 12.00
2365 269.16 1.69 1.63 7.09 9.75 3.56 -0.05 13.84
2433 275.26 1.73 1.66 7.29 10.10 3.66 -0.06 15.50
2505 281.50 1.76 1.70 7.48 10.46 3.75 -0.06 17.17
2638 292.50 1.83 1.76 7.87 11.13 3.99 -0.06 20.19
2700 297.20 1.87 1.79 8.04 11.42 4.09 -0.06 21.22
2823 305.19 1.93 1.85 8.41 12.06 4.20 -0.01 17.68
2893 308.71 1.96 1.88 8.62 12.42 4.37 -0.07 7.58
2933 307.94 1.97 1.88 8.73 12.62 0.01 7.37
2948 129.42 1.05 0.73 8.12 13.10 0.03 7.46
A.44

0 0.00 0 0 0 0 0 0
210 10.60 0.001928 0.00303 -0.01096 0.0007559 -0.00162 0.01589
270 15.11 0.001881 0.00451 -0.01485 0.0017006 -0.00197 0.02131
328 20.00 0.002449 0.00747 -0.0172 0.0024475 -0.00193 0.02651
383 25.07 0.005134 0.01114 -0.0188 0.0026817 -0.00174 0.03158
488 36.06 0.012133 0.01911 -0.02291 0.0010068 -0.00194 0.04113
540 41.78 0.016303 0.02186 -0.02533 -0.000148 -0.00208 0.04557
658 55.38 0.025672 0.02533 -0.03364 -0.003017 -0.00252 0.05631
695 60.00 0.028863 0.02631 -0.03624 -0.003869 -0.00244 0.05991
740 65.57 0.032386 0.02735 -0.03961 -0.005165 -0.0025 0.06371
818 75.44 0.038869 0.02881 -0.04528 -0.0074 -0.00254 0.07098
855 80.29 0.042025 0.02946 -0.04843 -0.008287 -0.00232 0.07448
900 86.19 0.045722 0.03044 -0.0517 -0.009441 -0.00231 0.07849
938 91.16 0.048808 0.03077 -0.05503 -0.010553 -0.00212 0.0819
980 96.88 0.052537 0.03174 -0.05823 -0.011973 -0.00238 0.08619
1025 102.91 0.05641 0.03205 -0.06203 -0.013412 -0.00239 0.09047
1063 108.00 0.059926 0.0331 -0.06506 -0.014564 -0.00239 0.09427
1100 113.13 0.063355 0.0333 -0.06886 -0.015772 -0.00251 0.09795
1140 118.65 0.067223 0.03428 -0.0717 -0.01688 -0.00245 0.10211
1185 124.84 0.071705 0.03498 -0.07636 -0.018562 -0.00245 0.10708
1228 130.77 0.075589 0.03546 -0.0798 -0.019892 -0.00241 0.11146
1298 140.61 0.083013 0.03673 -0.08647 -0.021719 -0.00209 0.11851
1333 145.54 0.08667 0.03717 -0.08934 -0.023072 -0.00207 0.12207
1370 150.81 0.090925 0.03794 -0.09334 -0.024303 -0.00165 0.12595
1415 157.16 0.096057 0.03855 -0.09752 -0.026081 -0.00117 0.13081
1460 163.42 0.1011 0.03888 -0.10237 -0.02767 -0.00102 0.13575
1503 169.34 0.10539 0.03881 -0.10626 -0.029479 -0.00058 0.13968
1540 174.42 0.109102 0.03946 -0.11043 -0.030911 9.33E-06 0.14382
1588 180.54 0.113844 0.03944 -0.11435 -0.032959 -0.00036 0.14806
1635 186.81 0.119911 0.03979 -0.11962 -0.035616 -0.00347 0.1517
1685 193.27 0.125761 0.04182 -0.12348 -0.03808 -0.00811 0.15553
1730 199.00 0.13039 0.04293 -0.12739 -0.041001 -0.01062 0.15864
1783 205.55 0.131557 0.0451 -0.12886 -0.044655 -0.01309 0.16198
1823 210.53 0.134808 0.04941 -0.13073 -0.047779 -0.01359 0.16492
1883 217.07 0.147991 0.05938 -0.13526 -0.053512 -0.01292 0.16731
1948 224.71 0.149564 0.06441 -0.13584 -0.060968 -0.01071 0.17042
1998 230.73 0.150319 0.06556 -0.13631 -0.065879 -0.00484 0.17005
2060 237.85 0.150877 0.06625 -0.13582 -0.068309 0.034966 0.14591
2123 244.69 0.152009 0.0757 -0.13718 -0.064517 0.14013 0.0926
2173 249.86 0.152169 0.08554 -0.13799 0.1795119 12.80035 -0.22466
2230 255.66 0.151334 0.10655 -0.13609 0.5039659 12.76882 -12.8268
2288 261.52 0.147179 0.12568 -0.13171 2.792754 12.75714 -12.8016
2365 269.16 0.146773 0.12678 -0.12508 12.77359 12.74854 -12.788
2433 275.26 0.141172 0.13563 -0.11523 12.76436 12.74535 -12.7841
2505 281.50 0.138914 0.13547 -0.11061 12.75947 12.74365 -12.7824
2638 292.50 0.140197 0.13121 -0.10732 12.75661 12.74248 -12.7817
2700 297.20 0.139719 0.13029 -0.10709 12.75607 12.74248 -12.7818
2823 305.19 0.134313 0.13145 -0.10571 12.75565 12.74216 -12.7821
2893 308.71 0.133248 0.12757 -0.10305 12.75554 12.74248 -12.7824
2933 307.94 0.133851 0.12675 -0.10268 12.75576 12.74238 -12.7827
2948 129.42 0.228417 0.1351 -0.16327 12.75554 12.74216 -12.7825
A.45
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H60/4
350 350
300 T2 T3 300
250 250
Shear Force (KN)

Shear Force (KN)
200 200
T1 T4
εl
150 150
T3 T4
100 100
50 50
T1 T2 εl
0 0
0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00
350
300
250
Shear Force (KN)
200
εs 3
150
εs 1
100
εs 1 εs 3 εs 5
50
εs 2 εs 4
0
0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00
A.46
Specimen H60/4– Cracking control
V = 309 KN
failure
Cracking at failure (V = 259 KN) Detail of the compression flange at failure
A.47
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
A.48
Specimen H75/1
Concrete properties
B-500-S fyk = 500MPa 1φ20 1φ20
2φ32
2600 mm
1φ20 1φ20
None 2φ32
200 mm
359 mm
400 mm
2φ32
Beam specimen H75/1 did not contain transversal reinforcement. Cracks were not observed
from a near position for security reasons. The specimen failed very briskly for V = 99.93 KN,
and the crack clearly divided the beam in two pieces. At failure, the longitudinal
reinforcement strain at the critical section was equal to 0.84·10-3.
120
100
Shear Force (KN)
80
60
40
20
0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
Time (sec)
A.49
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H75/1
Time Shear Deformations Long rein Concrete strains 1 Concrete strains 2
T1 T2 T3 T4 εl εx1 εy1 εxy1 εx2 εy2 εxy2
sec KN mm mm mm mm me me me me me me me
0 1.96 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.0379 0.01604 0.00585 -0.01698 0.01384 0.0064
64 2.85 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.0378 0.01731 0.00538 -0.01644 0.01409 0.007
118 4.00 0.01 0.01 0.04 0.05 0.02 0.0379 0.01805 0.00423 -0.01522 0.0143 0.0084
192 5.84 0.02 0.02 0.08 0.10 0.03 0.0383 0.01749 0.00255 -0.01599 0.01415 0.0102
246 7.44 0.03 0.02 0.12 0.15 0.04 0.0385 0.01752 0.00101 -0.01653 0.01417 0.0121
322 10.03 0.05 0.04 0.17 0.23 0.05 0.0392 0.01702 -0.0011 -0.01723 0.01417 0.0147
414 13.62 0.08 0.06 0.25 0.36 0.08 0.0407 0.0176 -0.0039 -0.01735 0.01428 0.018
448 15.05 0.09 0.07 0.29 0.40 0.09 0.0415 0.01732 -0.0052 -0.01716 0.01444 0.0193
488 16.82 0.10 0.09 0.34 0.46 0.10 0.0427 0.01766 -0.0066 -0.01771 0.01434 0.0211
520 18.30 0.11 0.10 0.37 0.50 0.11 0.0434 0.01719 -0.0076 -0.01866 0.01433 0.0224
556 20.01 0.13 0.10 0.41 0.55 0.13 0.0446 0.01731 -0.009 -0.01981 0.01434 0.0241
596 22.03 0.14 0.11 0.45 0.61 0.14 0.0458 0.01818 -0.0109 -0.0207 0.01438 0.026
660 25.31 0.17 0.14 0.52 0.70 0.17 0.0479 0.01819 -0.0135 -0.02071 0.01465 0.0288
692 27.06 0.18 0.15 0.55 0.76 0.18 0.0492 0.01785 -0.0148 -0.02032 0.0147 0.0303
720 28.63 0.19 0.16 0.59 0.81 0.19 0.0502 0.01872 -0.0159 -0.02017 0.01481 0.0318
748 30.16 0.20 0.17 0.61 0.87 0.20 0.0513 0.01883 -0.0172 -0.02012 0.01493 0.033
780 32.03 0.22 0.19 0.65 0.93 0.22 0.0526 0.02203 -0.0185 -0.02001 0.01509 0.0346
816 34.10 0.23 0.21 0.70 0.99 0.24 0.0539 0.01961 -0.0199 -0.02063 0.01534 0.0358
870 37.38 0.26 0.22 0.77 1.09 0.26 0.0565 0.02012 -0.0224 -0.02189 0.01543 0.0389
900 39.23 0.27 0.23 0.81 1.13 0.27 0.0577 0.01988 -0.0239 -0.02367 0.01545 0.0401
928 40.99 0.28 0.25 0.86 1.18 0.29 0.0589 0.02 -0.0252 -0.02425 0.01543 0.042
958 42.87 0.29 0.26 0.90 1.24 0.30 0.0603 0.02018 -0.0267 -0.02454 0.01538 0.0435
984 44.57 0.30 0.27 0.93 1.28 0.32 0.0615 0.02021 -0.028 -0.02567 0.01552 0.0449
1012 46.33 0.31 0.28 0.98 1.34 0.33 0.063 0.0205 -0.0294 -0.02691 0.01564 0.0464
1038 48.09 0.32 0.29 1.01 1.40 0.34 0.0643 0.02349 -0.0308 -0.02794 0.01579 0.0478
1072 50.35 0.34 0.30 1.06 1.47 0.36 0.0661 0.02031 -0.0328 -0.02985 0.01614 0.0493
1102 52.32 0.35 0.31 1.10 1.53 0.38 0.068 0.02104 -0.0339 -0.03089 0.01622 0.0515
1130 54.23 0.36 0.32 1.14 1.59 0.39 0.069 0.02158 -0.0354 -0.03116 0.01639 0.0527
1160 56.32 0.37 0.34 1.18 1.65 0.41 0.0708 0.02205 -0.037 -0.03141 0.01643 0.0538
1186 58.07 0.38 0.35 1.22 1.69 0.42 0.0724 0.02203 -0.0383 -0.03183 0.01673 0.0557
1236 61.55 0.40 0.36 1.30 1.79 0.45 0.0759 0.02302 -0.0412 -0.03204 0.01693 0.0584
1262 63.33 0.41 0.38 1.34 1.84 0.47 0.078 0.02299 -0.043 -0.03224 0.01697 0.0599
1290 65.29 0.42 0.39 1.39 1.91 0.49 0.0802 0.02318 -0.0445 -0.03183 0.01707 0.0612
1316 67.08 0.43 0.39 1.44 1.97 0.50 0.0825 0.02403 -0.0462 -0.03162 0.01731 0.0629
1340 68.66 0.45 0.40 1.48 2.03 0.52 0.0852 0.0238 -0.0479 -0.03298 0.0174 0.0641
1364 70.29 0.46 0.41 1.52 2.09 0.53 0.0879 0.02495 -0.0498 -0.03306 0.01746 0.0653
1416 73.61 0.47 0.43 1.61 2.20 0.56 0.0969 0.02702 -0.0541 -0.02778 0.01487 0.0696
1444 75.25 0.48 0.44 1.65 2.25 0.58 0.1027 0.02867 -0.0563 -0.02665 0.01271 0.072
1480 77.35 0.49 0.45 1.71 2.33 0.60 0.111 0.02944 -0.0587 -0.02367 0.00764 0.0749
1530 80.07 0.51 0.47 1.79 2.44 0.63 0.1251 0.03168 -0.0633 -0.00113 -0.0276 0.0759
1574 82.46 0.53 0.49 1.86 2.55 0.66 0.1359 0.03109 -0.0667 -0.01158 -0.0399 0.0759
1612 84.54 0.54 0.50 1.94 2.65 0.68 0.1435 0.03154 -0.0707 -0.01703 -0.0434 0.0751
1650 86.50 0.55 0.52 2.00 2.74 0.70 0.1505 0.03292 -0.0756 -0.02212 -0.0445 0.0762
1684 88.32 0.57 0.52 2.07 2.82 0.72 0.1566 0.0341 -0.0791 -0.03177 -0.0446 0.0773
1716 89.93 0.58 0.53 2.13 2.89 0.73 0.1607 0.03457 -0.0805 -0.03982 -0.0456 0.0804
1754 92.03 0.59 0.55 2.20 2.97 0.76 0.1653 0.03419 -0.0813 -0.04767 -0.0454 0.0841
1794 94.09 0.60 0.57 2.26 3.08 0.78 0.1686 0.03429 -0.0812 -0.05525 -0.0442 0.0877
1834 96.18 0.62 0.58 2.33 3.19 0.80 0.173 0.03494 -0.0839 -0.06073 -0.044 0.0912
1876 98.22 0.63 0.60 2.41 3.30 0.82 0.1781 0.03575 -0.0855 -0.07193 -0.0395 0.0944
1918 99.93 0.65 0.61 2.49 3.40 0.84 0.1825 0.03432 -0.0878 -0.08597 -0.0307 0.103
1922 10.69 0.10 0.05 2.67 4.58 0.11 0.0897 -0.0019 -0.0421 -0.04914 -0.0005 0.0068
A.50
Specimen H75/1
120 120
T4
T2
100 100
T3
Shear Force (KN)

80 80
Shear Force (KN)
T1
60 60
εl
40 T3 T4 40
20 20
εl
T1 T2
0 0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50
V = 99.9 KN
failure
A.51
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H75/1
Cracking at failure (V = 99.93 KN) Detail of the crack surface
A.52
Specimen H75/2
Concrete properties
B-500-S fyk = 500MPa 1φ20
φ6/200 2φ32

2φ32
B-500-S fy = 530 MPa
2φ8
φ6/200
353 mm
400 mm
2φ32
Beam specimen H75/2 contained the minimum amount of shear reinforcement for a 75 MPa
concrete beam. At load stage 3, the first shear crack was observed (V = 95 KN). No problem
happened during the test. Stirrups 4 and 5 yielded for a very low load, even before that shear
cracking was observed. Stirrup 3 yielded for a shear force of 130 KN. The failure took place
for a shear strength of 203.94 KN, just after the yielding of the longitudinal reinforcement. It
could be appreciate local crushing of the concrete just below the load application zone.
250
200
Shear Force (KN)
150
100
50
0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000
Time (sec)
A.53
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H75/2
0 1.83 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.13 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
73 4.60 0.01 0.00 0.08 0.08 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01
140 8.56 0.04 0.01 0.20 0.19 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02
198 12.64 0.07 0.02 0.32 0.31 0.19 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02
253 16.90 0.11 0.04 0.45 0.46 0.22 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.04
300 20.93 0.15 0.05 0.56 0.59 0.24 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.05
343 24.84 0.18 0.07 0.65 0.70 0.27 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.09 0.11
375 28.32 0.21 0.08 0.72 0.78 0.29 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.12 0.20
445 36.16 0.27 0.12 0.87 1.01 0.35 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.38 0.70
490 40.62 0.31 0.14 0.98 1.17 0.39 -0.01 0.00 0.01 0.20 0.80
528 44.13 0.33 0.17 1.07 1.29 0.44 -0.02 0.00 0.01 0.34 0.80
585 49.57 0.37 0.20 1.21 1.50 0.49 -0.02 0.00 0.01 0.15 0.80
633 54.16 0.40 0.24 1.31 1.70 0.55 -0.02 0.00 0.02 0.49 0.80
680 58.78 0.44 0.27 1.43 1.86 0.60 -0.02 0.00 0.02 0.55 0.80
725 63.02 0.46 0.30 1.56 2.03 0.65 -0.02 0.00 0.02 0.96 0.80
770 67.12 0.49 0.32 1.67 2.24 0.69 -0.02 -0.01 0.03 1.46 0.80
828 72.85 0.53 0.36 1.82 2.46 0.75 -0.02 -0.01 0.03 2.18 0.80
878 77.71 0.57 0.40 1.94 2.67 0.80 -0.02 -0.01 0.04 3.95 0.80
945 84.11 0.61 0.43 2.12 2.97 0.87 -0.02 0.00 0.04 3.01 0.85
955 85.01 0.61 0.44 2.14 3.00 0.88 -0.02 0.00 0.04 3.83 1.49
998 88.85 0.64 0.46 2.26 3.18 0.91 -0.02 0.00 0.04 5.08 5.20
1043 92.92 0.67 0.48 2.37 3.40 0.95 -0.02 0.00 0.04 8.00 12.07
1085 95.22 0.68 0.50 2.47 3.58 1.09 -0.02 0.00 0.06 12.51
1135 99.82 0.72 0.52 2.60 3.80 1.15 -0.02 0.00 0.06 12.50
1188 104.51 0.74 0.55 2.76 4.05 1.20 -0.02 0.00 0.06
1240 108.90 0.77 0.57 2.91 4.26 1.24 -0.02 0.00 0.06
1285 112.65 0.79 0.60 3.03 4.48 1.28 -0.02 -0.01 0.07
1340 117.44 0.82 0.63 3.20 4.71 1.32 -0.02 -0.02 0.08
1385 121.32 0.85 0.65 3.35 4.90 1.34 -0.02 -0.02 0.12
1443 125.78 0.87 0.68 3.54 5.18 1.38 -0.02 -0.02 0.28
1513 128.67 0.89 0.71 3.77 5.50 1.41 -0.02 0.01 2.34
1558 132.39 0.91 0.73 3.94 5.72 1.44 -0.02 0.01 2.43
1625 137.43 0.94 0.77 4.15 6.01 1.48 -0.02 0.02 2.52
1658 140.05 0.96 0.79 4.27 6.17 1.50 -0.02 0.02 2.56
1723 144.58 0.98 0.83 4.52 6.46 1.53 -0.02 0.03 2.71
1775 148.12 1.01 0.86 4.71 6.72 1.61 -0.02 0.04 3.19
1838 152.24 1.03 0.89 4.93 7.01 1.66 -0.03 0.04 4.16
1920 157.13 1.06 0.93 5.23 7.43 1.83 -0.03 0.04 8.82
2003 162.72 1.09 0.96 5.54 7.81 1.95 -0.03 0.05 11.41
2090 166.53 1.11 0.98 5.85 8.23 2.15 -0.03 0.05 12.70
2120 168.41 1.13 1.00 5.94 8.39 2.20 -0.03 0.05
2220 172.75 1.16 1.02 6.25 8.87 2.34 -0.03 0.06
2325 178.95 1.20 1.06 6.55 9.39 2.47 -0.03 0.07
2425 184.64 1.23 1.09 6.84 9.88 2.58 -0.03 0.08
2525 190.15 1.27 1.12 7.11 10.36 2.68 -0.03 0.08
2618 195.23 1.30 1.15 7.37 10.79 2.78 -0.03 0.09
2730 200.93 1.34 1.19 7.66 11.33 2.90 -0.03 0.09
2818 203.94 1.36 1.20 7.89 11.74 6.42 -0.03 0.10
2830 199.61 1.35 1.20 7.91 11.83 6.46 -0.03 0.10
2833 175.44 1.29 1.17 7.86 11.93 6.47 -0.03 0.09
2848 146.79 1.08 1.07 7.77 12.16 5.51 -0.02 0.07
A.54

0 1.83 -0.06495 -0.00938 -0.00996 -0.005498 -0.00161 0.00242
73 4.60 -0.06491 -0.00924 -0.01014 -0.006248 -0.00121 0.00325
140 8.56 -0.0668 -0.00934 -0.01013 -0.00727 -0.00114 0.00456
198 12.64 -0.06959 -0.00889 -0.00996 -0.007912 -0.00072 0.00588
253 16.90 -0.07315 -0.00869 -0.0098 -0.00854 -0.00077 0.00685
300 20.93 -0.07664 -0.00895 -0.00992 -0.009237 -0.0004 0.0076
343 24.84 -0.0799 -0.00892 -0.01032 -0.010152 -0.00044 0.00947
375 28.32 -0.08243 -0.00898 -0.01151 -0.011006 -0.00063 0.01095
445 36.16 -0.07971 -0.00653 -0.02161 -0.012058 -0.00093 0.01555
490 40.62 -0.0745 -0.00166 -0.03275 -0.01282 -0.0012 0.01793
528 44.13 -0.06868 0.00255 -0.03997 -0.012465 -0.0027 0.01968
585 49.57 -0.03493 0.01345 -0.05664 -0.014172 -0.00532 0.02296
633 54.16 -0.02294 0.02254 -0.06657 -0.014814 -0.00995 0.02377
680 58.78 -0.01423 0.03151 -0.07327 -0.013863 -0.01349 0.02197
725 63.02 -0.01054 0.04068 -0.077 -0.015301 -0.01668 0.02028
770 67.12 -0.00825 0.0475 -0.08092 -0.045584 -0.01443 0.01699
828 72.85 -0.00629 0.05579 -0.0837 -0.05464 -0.0141 0.0205
878 77.71 -0.00592 0.06082 -0.08497 -0.060669 -0.01366 0.02521
945 84.11 0.006104 0.064 -0.08026 -0.032317 -0.03175 0.03403
955 85.01 0.008439 0.06404 -0.07995 -0.019849 -0.04156 0.03209
998 88.85 0.013904 0.06783 -0.0797 -0.021085 -0.05782 0.02421
1043 92.92 0.01357 0.06615 -0.07983 -0.047344 -0.05615 0.02934
1085 95.22 0.076242 0.02345 -0.07192 -0.064854 -0.05278 0.03525
1135 99.82 0.113605 0.00325 -0.09031 -0.068337 -0.06002 0.03839
1188 104.51 0.143992 -0.00113 -0.10231 -0.071862 -0.06574 0.04262
1240 108.90 0.177907 0.00619 -0.1139 -0.074648 -0.06455 0.03671
1285 112.65 0.203301 0.00354 -0.12379 -0.083211 -0.04403 0.03131
1340 117.44 0.220058 0.01147 -0.12937 -0.091105 -0.02481 0.03683
1385 121.32 0.226153 0.06045 -0.13154 -0.097492 -0.01036 0.04323
1443 125.78 0.228395 0.17515 -0.13467 -0.105679 0.011862 0.06806
1513 128.67 -12.8093 0.40552 -0.14512 -0.190965 -0.04727 0.15104
1558 132.39 -12.7966 0.4593 -0.14795 -0.205878 -0.0393 0.16561
1625 137.43 -12.7876 0.6563 -0.14897 -0.227422 12.76372 0.18872
1658 140.05 -12.7855 0.7925 -0.14797 -0.235788 12.75661 0.19836
1723 144.58 -12.7834 1.41208 -0.14978 -0.255099 12.74896 0.21778
1775 148.12 -12.7823 12.7681 -0.15418 -0.268597 12.74588 0.23164
1838 152.24 -12.7818 12.7546 -0.16632 -0.282718 12.74397 0.24486
1920 157.13 -12.7817 12.7469 -0.18178 -0.301577 12.74259 0.26177
2003 162.72 -12.7816 12.7444 -0.17958 -0.31869 12.74185 0.27951
2090 166.53 -12.7821 12.7433 -0.18091 -0.339771 12.74174 0.29676
2120 168.41 -12.782 12.7432 -0.17889 -0.346955 12.74174 0.30434
2220 172.75 -12.7821 12.743 -0.17059 -0.382511 12.74163 0.33154
2325 178.95 -12.7824 12.743 -0.16875 -0.412075 12.74174 0.36
2425 184.64 -12.7825 12.743 -0.1672 -0.438965 12.74174 0.38449
2525 190.15 -12.7827 12.7433 -0.16648 -0.469077 12.74163 0.40779
2618 195.23 -12.7831 12.7435 -0.16643 -0.492527 12.74216 0.42666
2730 200.93 -12.783 12.7438 -0.16703 -0.516849 12.74216 0.44501
2818 203.94 -12.7831 12.744 -0.16476 -0.530875 12.74206 0.45645
2830 199.61 -12.7834 12.7439 -0.15615 -0.534746 12.74227 0.46014
2833 175.44 -12.7833 12.744 -0.14765 -0.534151 12.74195 0.45953
2848 146.79 -12.7834 12.7438 -0.16337 -0.474912 12.74227 0.40224
A.55
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H75/2
250 250
T2 T3
200 200
Shear Force (KN)

Shear Force (KN)
εl
150 150
T1
T4
100 100
T3 T4
50 50
T1 T2 εl
0 0
0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00
250
200
εs 2
Shear Force (KN)
150
εs 1
εs 3
100
εs 5 εs 1 εs 3 εs 5
50
εs 4
εs 2 εs 4
0
0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00
A.56
V = 67 KN
V = 85 KN
V = 95 KN
V = 117 KN
V = 140 KN
V = 167 KN
V = 204 KN
failure
A.57
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H75/2
Cracking at failure (V = 203.94 KN) Local crushing of the concrete
A.58
Specimen H75/3
Concrete properties
1080 mm 1080 mm
f’c = 68.9 MPa fsp = 4.0 MPa
1φ20
B-500-S fyk = 500MPa φ8/210 2φ32
Transversal reinforcement 1φ20

2φ32
1φ20
B-500-S fy = 530 MPa 2φ8
φ8/210
351 mm
400 mm
2φ32
The strain gauge attached to stirrup 1 did not work properly. At load stage 3 ( V = 95 KN), the
first shear crack was observed. Furthermore, the stirrup strain graph shows that stirrups 3, 4
and 5 increased considerably their strain for V = 85 KN, and yielded for V ≈ 150 KN. The
beam failed briskly for V = 269.35 KN.
300
250
Shear Force (KN)
200
150
100
50
0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000
Time (sec)
A.59
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H75/3
0 1.49 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
125 5.16 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.10 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
240 10.84 0.05 0.02 0.14 0.28 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01
333 15.87 0.09 0.04 0.29 0.43 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01
398 20.22 0.13 0.05 0.44 0.57 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01
473 25.84 0.17 0.08 0.63 0.77 0.09 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01
525 30.01 0.20 0.11 0.76 0.90 0.12 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01
600 35.72 0.24 0.14 1.01 1.14 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01
658 40.19 0.28 0.17 1.21 1.36 0.24 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01
730 45.96 0.32 0.21 1.44 1.60 0.31 0.00 0.00 0.02 -0.01
798 51.95 0.36 0.24 1.70 1.87 0.37 0.00 0.00 0.02 -0.01
860 57.57 0.41 0.27 1.89 2.08 0.43 0.00 0.00 0.01 -0.02
950 65.88 0.47 0.32 2.16 2.44 0.51 0.00 0.01 0.00 -0.02
995 70.13 0.51 0.34 2.29 2.61 0.55 0.00 0.01 0.00 -0.03
1050 75.05 0.55 0.37 2.45 2.82 0.60 0.01 0.01 0.00 -0.03
1088 78.61 0.57 0.39 2.55 3.00 0.64 0.01 0.01 0.02 -0.03
1138 83.13 0.61 0.41 2.70 3.19 0.68 0.01 0.02 0.05 -0.04
1245 92.16 0.66 0.45 2.99 3.66 0.91 0.02 0.16 0.10 0.23
1283 95.66 0.68 0.47 3.09 3.81 0.97 0.02 0.25 0.12 0.35
1338 100.52 0.71 0.50 3.23 4.06 1.06 0.03 0.47 0.14 0.64
1395 105.19 0.74 0.53 3.37 4.31 1.13 0.03 0.59 0.15 0.89
1495 113.81 0.79 0.57 3.65 4.77 1.23 0.04 1.11 0.18 1.20
1535 117.45 0.81 0.60 3.76 4.93 1.27 0.04 1.26 0.20 1.31
1633 124.95 0.85 0.65 4.07 5.38 1.34 0.03 2.09 0.29 1.51
1698 130.45 0.88 0.69 4.24 5.64 1.40 0.03 2.32 0.34 1.62
1753 135.42 0.91 0.73 4.40 5.91 1.45 0.03 2.59 0.42 1.74
1808 140.10 0.93 0.76 4.58 6.12 1.49 0.03 2.87 0.63 1.87
1868 145.33 0.96 0.81 4.75 6.39 1.54 0.03 3.19 0.87 2.01
1990 155.91 1.01 0.87 5.21 6.93 1.63 0.03 3.70 1.75 2.35
2050 160.75 1.04 0.91 5.44 7.19 1.66 0.03 3.93 2.45 2.56
2118 166.40 1.08 0.94 5.73 7.50 1.70 0.03 4.36 2.99 2.76
2163 170.15 1.10 0.96 5.91 7.71 1.73 0.04 4.80 3.48 2.87
2228 175.63 1.13 0.99 6.21 8.00 1.77 0.04 5.97 4.33 3.07
2315 183.04 1.18 1.03 6.57 8.41 1.82 0.04 8.16 5.76 3.41
2405 190.27 1.22 1.07 6.96 8.84 1.81 0.05 10.14 6.33 4.17
2490 197.43 1.26 1.12 7.30 9.24 1.86 0.05 12.24 6.63 4.90
2570 204.07 1.30 1.16 7.59 9.59 1.92 0.07 12.74 7.11 5.62
2623 208.43 1.32 1.19 7.79 9.85 1.96 0.07 12.75 7.56 6.17
2740 217.53 1.37 1.25 8.21 10.38 2.05 0.19 12.76 9.02 7.51
2840 224.17 1.41 1.31 8.59 10.83 2.13 0.73 12.76 10.29 8.87
2923 230.13 1.45 1.36 8.86 11.21 2.20 0.81 12.75 12.16 10.06
3018 236.50 1.48 1.40 9.19 11.67 2.29 0.90 12.75 12.76 11.37
3113 242.39 1.52 1.45 9.51 12.11 2.37 0.98 12.75 12.65 12.59
3238 249.03 1.57 1.49 9.97 12.70 2.47 1.08 12.75 12.56 12.72
3330 253.70 1.60 1.52 10.35 13.13 2.56 1.14 12.75 11.47 12.73
3418 257.87 1.63 1.55 10.75 13.55 2.66 1.19 12.75 9.52 12.74
3623 265.59 1.69 1.60 12.02 14.57 2.82 1.23 12.75 7.33 12.73
3743 269.35 1.72 1.63 12.77 15.16 2.93 1.25 12.75 6.96 12.73
3750 269.14 1.72 1.63 12.83 15.20 2.93 1.25 12.75 6.98 12.73
3753 189.12 1.32 0.94 15.48 15.49 2.14 1.18 12.75 6.51 12.70
0 1.49 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
A.60

0 1.49 0.004104 -8.6E-05 -0.00491 -0.004004 -0.00297 0.00494
125 5.16 0.005307 0.00023 -0.0088 -0.005058 -0.00329 0.00856
240 10.84 0.006245 0.00026 -0.01396 -0.00674 -0.00351 0.01426
333 15.87 0.004313 -0.00128 -0.01684 -0.007931 -0.00356 0.01901
398 20.22 0.004682 -0.0019 -0.02028 -0.00915 -0.00429 0.02451
473 25.84 0.005767 -0.00127 -0.02265 -0.010048 -0.00529 0.03051
525 30.01 0.00472 -0.0014 -0.02341 -0.010859 -0.00591 0.03416
600 35.72 0.008714 -0.00035 -0.02086 -0.011661 -0.00661 0.0406
658 40.19 0.004515 0.00063 -0.01888 -0.011824 -0.00701 0.04449
730 45.96 -0.01805 -0.00226 -0.02583 -0.012994 -0.0069 0.04929
798 51.95 -0.0812 0.00557 -0.05647 -0.013039 -0.00801 0.05438
860 57.57 -0.30301 0.04433 -0.09669 -0.012101 -0.01124 0.05838
950 65.88 -0.52593 0.12501 -0.11803 -0.01311 -0.01285 0.06434
995 70.13 -0.62987 0.12079 -0.1272 -0.013859 -0.01369 0.06638
1050 75.05 -0.74613 0.15178 -0.14517 -0.015633 -0.0158 0.06244
1088 78.61 -0.78313 0.15726 -0.14998 -0.016721 -0.01556 0.06268
1138 83.13 -0.68593 0.21583 -0.15164 -0.003864 -0.01293 0.06293
1245 92.16 -0.55037 0.25197 -0.1331 0.0325939 -0.06491 0.04527
1283 95.66 -0.51965 0.26072 -0.13218 0.0287257 -0.07361 0.04546
1338 100.52 -0.47592 0.27382 -0.13171 0.0130569 -0.08047 0.05425
1395 105.19 -0.43955 0.28077 -0.13274 -6.51E-05 -0.08565 0.06615
1495 113.81 -0.38332 0.2978 -0.13443 -0.070505 -0.11842 0.15172
1535 117.45 -0.36527 0.29911 -0.13351 -0.099523 -0.12587 0.17696
1633 124.95 -0.32312 0.27685 -0.122 -0.200994 -0.13428 0.22709
1698 130.45 -0.3191 0.27274 -0.12366 -0.229674 -0.13886 0.2447
1753 135.42 -0.31678 0.27121 -0.12517 -0.250924 -0.14314 0.26118
1808 140.10 -0.32261 0.27415 -0.12808 -0.271387 -0.14485 0.27772
1868 145.33 -0.33914 0.2833 -0.12735 -0.293657 -0.14651 0.29087
1990 155.91 -12.8104 0.97339 -0.07592 -0.331325 -0.15255 0.31095
2050 160.75 -12.797 12.7707 -0.15074 -0.350305 -0.15462 0.32146
2118 166.40 -12.7908 12.7579 -0.19818 -0.366546 -0.15711 0.33379
2163 170.15 -12.7888 12.754 -0.21448 -0.376176 -0.15979 0.34247
2228 175.63 -12.787 12.7509 -0.22013 -0.38901 -0.16179 0.35451
2315 183.04 -12.7862 12.7493 -0.22267 -0.399655 -0.16642 0.36562
2405 190.27 -12.786 12.7485 -0.23724 -0.410362 -0.16933 0.37311
2490 197.43 -12.7859 12.7481 -0.24925 -0.416779 -0.1728 0.38241
2570 204.07 -12.7862 12.748 -0.25511 -0.421384 -0.1764 0.39268
2623 208.43 -12.7862 12.7482 -0.25515 -0.426989 -0.17823 0.40049
2740 217.53 -12.7861 12.748 -0.25238 -0.436186 -0.20325 0.41978
2840 224.17 -12.7863 12.7477 -0.2436 -0.473516 -0.2267 0.41514
2923 230.13 -12.7864 12.7477 -0.2301 -0.490717 -0.21584 0.43484
3018 236.50 -12.7865 12.7475 -0.21093 -0.512243 -0.19117 0.46369
3113 242.39 -12.7867 12.7474 -0.19703 -0.535683 -0.14851 0.49346
3238 249.03 -12.7873 12.7473 -0.18177 -0.560154 -0.01899 0.5382
3330 253.70 -12.7876 12.7477 -0.17229 -0.587227 0.025623 0.56076
3418 257.87 -12.7877 12.7478 -0.16443 -0.612123 0.043439 0.57749
3623 265.59 -12.788 12.7483 -0.15015 -0.658447 0.110232 0.61591
3743 269.35 -12.7879 12.7477 -0.14875 -0.667057 0.130101 0.62441
3750 269.14 -12.7878 12.7478 -0.14865 -0.66365 0.132681 0.62201
3753 189.12 -12.788 12.7478 -0.12683 -0.970372 0.088174 0.44686
0 1.49 0.004104 -8.6E-05 -0.00491 -0.004004 -0.00297 0.00494
A.61
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H75/3
300 300
T2 T3
250 250
Shear Force (KN)

200 200
Shear Force (KN)
T1 T4
150 150
εl
100
T3 T4 100
50 50
T1 T2 εl
0 0
0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50
300
250
εs 2
Shear Force (KN)
200
εs 4
150
εs 3
100
εs 5
εs 1 εs 3 εs 5
50
εs 2 εs 4
0
0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00
A.62
V = 58 KN
V = 83 KN
V = 95 KN
V = 117 KN
V = 140 KN
V = 167 KN
V = 269.3 KN
failure
A.63
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H75/3
Cracking at failure (V = 269.35 KN) Detail of the crack at failure
A.64
Specimen H75/4
Concrete properties 1080 mm 1080 mm

f’c = 68.9 MPa fsp = 4.0 MPa
Longitudinal reinforcement 1φ20

φ8/210 2φ32 + 1φ25
2600 mm
ρl = 2.99% 2 φ32 + 1 φ25 bars in one layer
1φ20 1φ20
Transversal reinforcement 2φ32 + 2φ25
B-500-S fy = 530 MPa 2φ8
200 mm
ρw = 1.267 MPa stirrups φ8 @ 210 mm
φ8/210
351 mm
400 mm
2φ32 + 1φ25
All the instrumentation performed correctly in this test, except the gauge on the longitudinal
reinforcement, which behaved oddly for V = 205 KN. Between load stages 3 and 4 ( V = 95-
117 KN) the first shear cracks were observed. Stirrup 3 yielded suddenly for a shear strength
V = 105 KN. The other stirrups did not reach the yield strain. The beam failed briskly for V =
255.23 KN.
300
250
Shear Force (KN)
200
150
100
50
0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000
Time (sec)
A.65
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H75/4
0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
188 9.94 0.05 0.02 0.23 0.23 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
258 15.04 0.09 0.06 0.34 0.39 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
318 20.04 0.13 0.09 0.45 0.52 0.22 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
363 24.07 0.15 0.11 0.53 0.62 0.26 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00
403 28.04 0.18 0.14 0.62 0.72 0.32 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00
458 33.73 0.22 0.18 0.74 0.90 0.33 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00
508 38.50 0.25 0.21 0.85 1.08 0.15 -0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 -0.01
545 42.57 0.28 0.25 0.93 1.19 0.19 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 -0.01
615 50.14 0.33 0.31 1.11 1.46 0.25 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 -0.03
690 58.93 0.38 0.38 1.30 1.73 0.32 -0.01 0.00 0.00 -0.02 -0.04
723 62.86 0.41 0.41 1.38 1.84 0.35 -0.02 0.00 0.00 -0.02 -0.04
788 70.35 0.46 0.46 1.53 2.12 0.40 -0.02 0.01 0.00 -0.02 -0.05
828 75.25 0.50 0.49 1.64 2.27 0.43 -0.02 0.01 -0.01 -0.02 -0.06
858 78.79 0.52 0.51 1.72 2.39 0.45 -0.02 0.01 -0.01 -0.02 -0.07
893 83.06 0.56 0.53 1.81 2.54 0.47 -0.02 0.01 -0.01 -0.02 -0.07
928 87.31 0.59 0.56 1.90 2.70 0.50 -0.02 0.01 -0.01 -0.02 -0.08
995 95.19 0.64 0.60 2.06 2.97 0.54 -0.02 0.02 -0.01 -0.02 -0.09
1030 99.43 0.67 0.62 2.15 3.15 0.57 -0.02 0.02 0.00 -0.02 -0.09
1068 103.86 0.70 0.65 2.25 3.32 0.59 -0.02 0.02 0.06 -0.01 -0.10
1105 106.85 0.73 0.67 2.36 3.48 0.62 -0.02 0.03 8.39 0.06 -0.09
1158 112.67 0.76 0.70 2.50 3.75 0.66 -0.02 0.02 25.52 0.08 -0.08
1203 117.58 0.79 0.73 2.63 3.96 0.70 -0.02 0.02 25.49 0.09 -0.07
1255 123.54 0.83 0.77 2.79 4.20 0.74 -0.01 0.02 25.48 0.11 -0.06
1300 127.49 0.86 0.79 2.97 4.44 0.78 -0.01 0.01 25.48 0.16 -0.05
1345 132.52 0.89 0.83 3.14 4.64 0.81 -0.01 0.01 25.48 0.19 -0.05
1380 136.74 0.91 0.86 3.26 4.81 0.85 -0.01 0.01 25.48 0.22 -0.05
1408 140.03 0.94 0.88 3.37 4.96 0.88 -0.01 0.01 25.48 0.24 -0.05
1455 145.65 0.98 0.92 3.57 5.17 0.94 -0.02 0.02 25.47 0.28 -0.04
1513 150.50 1.01 0.95 3.79 5.47 1.15 -0.02 0.02 25.48 0.31 0.83
1553 155.30 1.04 0.98 3.98 5.66 1.19 -0.02 0.02 25.48 0.32 1.02
1608 161.92 1.09 1.02 4.25 5.91 1.23 -0.03 0.02 25.48 0.34 1.22
1648 166.49 1.12 1.04 4.43 6.13 1.26 -0.03 0.02 25.48 0.37 1.35
1705 172.49 1.16 1.07 4.75 6.39 1.29 -0.03 0.02 25.48 0.42 1.52
1755 177.20 1.19 1.10 4.98 6.66 1.32 -0.03 0.10 25.48 0.47 1.64
1810 182.67 1.22 1.13 5.25 6.92 1.35 -0.05 0.47 25.48 0.64 1.80
1855 187.91 1.25 1.15 5.43 7.15 1.38 -0.05 0.56 25.48 0.85 1.93
1903 193.58 1.29 1.18 5.62 7.39 1.42 -0.05 0.64 25.48 1.01 2.06
1948 198.87 1.32 1.21 5.81 7.59 1.45 -0.05 0.71 25.48 1.20 2.17
2008 206.06 1.36 1.24 6.01 7.91 1.50 -0.05 0.81 25.48 1.37 2.32
2078 213.74 1.40 1.29 6.26 8.25 3.94 -0.06 0.92 25.48 1.56 2.50
2133 219.48 1.43 1.32 6.45 8.54 3.99 -0.06 1.08 25.48 1.71 2.64
2220 228.34 1.48 1.38 6.73 8.99 4.06 -0.06 1.43 25.48 1.90 2.91
2278 233.35 1.51 1.42 6.92 9.27 4.12 -0.06 1.43 25.48 1.99 3.07
2335 238.19 1.54 1.45 7.11 9.58 4.19 -0.06 1.54 25.48 2.06 3.21
2385 242.87 1.56 1.48 7.27 9.82 4.24 -0.06 1.60 25.48 2.11 3.33
2438 247.85 1.60 1.52 7.45 10.11 4.30 -0.06 1.63 25.48 2.16 3.46
2485 251.71 1.62 1.54 7.58 10.34 4.35 -0.06 1.71 25.48 2.21 3.53
2530 255.23 1.64 1.57 7.71 10.58 4.39 -0.06 1.82 25.48 2.25 3.60
2555 254.49 1.64 1.57 7.76 10.73 4.38 -0.06 1.78 25.48 2.28 3.55
2558 158.80 1.15 1.10 7.26 11.04 3.46 -0.04 1.57 25.48 1.61 1.21
A.66

0 0.00 0 0 0 0 0 0
188 9.94 0.004845 0.00021 -0.01225 -0.004678 0.000855 0.01335
258 15.04 0.003843 -6.7E-05 -0.01709 -0.005947 0.000668 0.01852
318 20.04 0.001271 -0.00057 -0.02177 -0.007136 7.34E-05 0.02297
363 24.07 -0.00082 -0.00153 -0.028 -0.0086 -0.00028 0.02745
403 28.04 -0.00364 -0.00132 -0.0309 -0.009393 -0.00051 0.03121
458 33.73 -0.00753 -0.00214 -0.03536 -0.01051 -0.0007 0.03701
508 38.50 -0.03679 0.00731 -0.02609 -0.011966 -0.00088 0.04147
545 42.57 -0.07304 0.02735 -0.01243 -0.013967 -0.00062 0.04702
615 50.14 -0.16307 0.10241 0.010398 -0.016313 -0.00056 0.05555
690 58.93 -0.21573 0.16286 0.003456 -0.018527 -0.00069 0.06454
723 62.86 -0.24761 0.18941 0.003625 -0.019352 -0.00078 0.06846
788 70.35 -0.30871 0.24593 0.001646 -0.020443 -0.00123 0.07311
828 75.25 -0.34581 0.29113 -0.01173 -0.024845 -0.00094 0.07181
858 78.79 -0.39257 0.34776 -0.02846 -0.030846 -0.00112 0.07204
893 83.06 -0.43451 0.40403 -0.04369 -0.033944 -0.00155 0.0742
928 87.31 -0.46557 0.46394 -0.06339 -0.035679 -0.00768 0.07733
995 95.19 -0.51023 0.60529 -0.09715 -0.037172 -0.02897 0.07943
1030 99.43 -0.53672 0.67923 -0.11001 -0.042618 -0.03358 0.08307
1068 103.86 -0.55548 0.75933 -0.11853 -0.054237 -0.03483 0.08896
1105 106.85 -0.54208 0.86561 -0.09342 -0.083319 -0.02287 0.11089
1158 112.67 -0.52062 0.9075 -0.08668 -0.095901 -0.02129 0.12632
1203 117.58 -0.5154 0.9326 -0.1022 -0.105314 -0.02384 0.13634
1255 123.54 -0.51564 0.9712 -0.12823 -0.115276 -0.02508 0.1477
1300 127.49 -0.53709 1.02397 -0.1551 -0.124739 -0.0201 0.1568
1345 132.52 -0.55003 1.07038 -0.16783 -0.130765 -0.01777 0.1633
1380 136.74 -0.56046 1.11671 -0.1807 -0.136434 -0.01512 0.16837
1408 140.03 -0.57102 1.15162 -0.1879 -0.140211 -0.01371 0.17297
1455 145.65 -0.56584 1.19077 -0.19758 -0.14407 -0.00757 0.17618
1513 150.50 -0.38428 1.16637 -0.2262 -0.15156 0.003628 0.17676
1553 155.30 -0.37587 1.18916 -0.23398 -0.156032 0.00978 0.17969
1608 161.92 -0.36753 1.22056 -0.24269 -0.159909 0.021383 0.1803
1648 166.49 -0.35542 1.25025 -0.25389 -0.148506 0.050655 0.16489
1705 172.49 -0.34704 1.27537 -0.26768 -0.109503 0.156673 0.12437
1755 177.20 -0.34793 1.25997 -0.28028 0.5216654 2.746219 -0.31016
1810 182.67 -0.32777 1.1179 -0.28801 12.77359 12.76138 -0.65893
1855 187.91 -0.27908 1.08197 -0.29274 12.76372 12.75193 -0.72212
1903 193.58 -0.24685 1.07379 -0.29877 12.75788 12.74641 -0.78983
1948 198.87 -0.21068 1.0644 -0.30322 12.75469 12.74323 -0.85942
2008 206.06 -0.17473 1.06229 -0.30807 12.75225 12.74089 -0.96134
2078 213.74 -0.13909 1.06521 -0.30589 12.75066 12.73951 -1.10498
2133 219.48 -0.11704 1.06937 -0.30265 12.75013 12.73898 -1.23923
2220 228.34 -0.08903 1.07231 -0.30286 12.7497 12.73866 -1.54891
2278 233.35 -0.07147 1.07117 -0.30341 12.74949 12.73845 -1.85211
2335 238.19 -0.05866 1.07376 -0.3018 12.74854 12.73686 -12.8106
2385 242.87 -0.04626 1.07624 -0.30346 12.74854 12.73643 -12.791
2438 247.85 -0.03088 1.07868 -0.30675 12.74875 12.73611 -12.7821
2485 251.71 -0.01829 1.07989 -0.3102 12.74864 12.73558 -12.7783
2530 255.23 -0.00269 1.08032 -0.32186 12.74875 12.73558 -12.7762
2555 254.49 0.01864 1.07764 -0.34228 12.74864 12.73526 -12.7752
2558 158.80 0.210109 0.78116 -0.57291 12.748 12.73452 -12.7748
A.67
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H75/4
300 300
T2
250 250
T3
Shear Force (KN)

200 200
Shear Force (KN)
T4
T1
150 150
εl
100 T3 T4 100
50 50
εl
T1 T2
0 0
0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00
300
250
εs 2
Shear Force (KN)
200
εs 5
150
εs 4
100
εs 3
εs 1 εs 3 εs 5
50
εs 1
εs 2 εs 4
0
0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00
A.68
V = 50 KN
V = 83 KN
V = 95 KN
V = 117 KN
V = 140 KN
V = 167 KN
V = 255.2 KN
failure
A.69
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H75/4
Cracking at failure (V = 255.23 KN) Detail of the compression flange at failure
A.70
Specimen H100/1
Concrete properties
B-500-S fyk = 500MPa 1φ20 1φ20
2φ32
2600 mm
1φ20 1φ20
None 2φ32
200 mm
Cast: Jan 11, 2002

Tested: Apr 9, 2002
359 mm
400 mm
2φ32
Beam specimen H100/1 did not contain shear reinforcement. For personal safety reasons, as a
fragile failure was expected, the crack control was not carried out. At the formation of a first
shear crack on the right side, the beam loosed load, although as it can be seen in the shear
strain graph, it took it again until the collapse. In §4.3 it is explained this behaviour. It has
been considered that the collapse happened at the first peak for V =117.85 KN. The collapse
was the most fragile observed.
140
120
100
Shear Force (KN)
80
60
40
20
0
0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00
νxy (m ε )
A.71
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H100/1
Time Shear
0 0.31 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.08 0.00
552 5.31 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.13 0.06 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01
778 10.54 0.01 0.04 0.08 0.27 0.21 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.03
854 13.00 0.01 0.06 0.09 0.35 0.30 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.04
926 15.52 0.02 0.07 0.11 0.41 0.38 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.05
990 18.05 0.02 0.09 0.14 0.48 0.46 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.07
1050 20.66 0.02 0.10 0.16 0.54 0.52 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.09
1106 23.34 0.03 0.12 0.18 0.59 0.58 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.11
1154 25.81 0.03 0.14 0.20 0.65 0.64 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.06 0.13
1206 28.61 0.02 0.16 0.23 0.69 0.71 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.08 0.16
1256 31.61 0.03 0.18 0.26 0.76 0.79 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.09 0.20
1298 34.03 0.03 0.20 0.28 0.82 0.88 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.11 0.24
1344 36.57 0.04 0.22 0.30 0.89 0.98 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.13 0.28
1388 39.05 0.04 0.24 0.33 0.96 1.06 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.15 0.32
1438 41.79 0.04 0.27 0.35 1.04 1.14 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.18 0.36
1494 44.86 0.05 0.28 0.37 1.12 1.24 0.03 0.00 0.02 0.22 0.41
1542 47.78 0.08 0.31 0.39 1.19 1.35 0.04 0.00 0.02 0.26 0.44
1596 51.06 0.09 0.33 0.41 1.27 1.49 0.04 0.00 0.02 0.31 0.49
1638 53.61 0.11 0.35 0.43 1.33 1.59 0.05 0.00 0.02 0.34 0.52
1678 56.16 0.11 0.37 0.45 1.40 1.67 0.05 0.00 0.02 0.37 0.56
1720 58.76 0.13 0.39 0.47 1.48 1.76 0.06 0.00 0.02 0.40 0.60
1760 61.19 0.14 0.40 0.48 1.54 1.83 0.06 0.01 0.03 0.42 0.63
1802 63.65 0.15 0.42 0.50 1.61 1.93 0.07 0.01 0.03 0.45 0.66
1852 66.88 0.16 0.43 0.52 1.69 2.09 0.07 0.00 0.03 0.48 0.70
1896 69.59 0.18 0.45 0.54 1.75 2.20 0.08 0.00 0.03 0.51 0.74
1948 72.44 0.19 0.47 0.56 1.83 2.31 0.09 0.00 0.03 0.55 0.78
1986 75.02 0.21 0.48 0.57 1.89 2.40 0.09 0.00 0.03 0.57 0.81
2028 77.77 0.22 0.50 0.59 1.96 2.52 0.10 0.00 0.04 0.60 0.84
2074 80.88 0.23 0.52 0.61 2.05 2.67 0.10 0.01 0.04 0.63 0.88
2112 83.51 0.25 0.53 0.64 2.11 2.77 0.11 0.00 0.04 0.66 0.91
2158 86.40 0.25 0.54 0.65 2.19 2.88 0.11 0.00 0.05 0.68 0.94
2200 89.32 0.26 0.57 0.67 2.26 2.98 0.12 0.00 0.05 0.71 0.97
2240 92.03 0.28 0.58 0.69 2.32 3.11 0.12 0.00 0.06 0.74 1.01
2290 95.40 0.30 0.59 0.72 2.40 3.28 0.13 0.00 0.06 0.78 1.04
2340 98.14 0.32 0.61 0.74 2.48 3.40 0.14 0.00 0.07 0.81 1.07
2376 100.52 0.33 0.63 0.76 2.55 3.48 0.14 0.00 0.07 0.83 1.10
2414 102.97 0.35 0.64 0.78 2.62 3.59 0.15 0.00 0.07 0.85 1.13
2454 105.54 0.36 0.66 0.80 2.69 3.73 0.16 0.00 0.08 0.87 1.15
2494 108.00 0.37 0.67 0.82 2.76 3.86 0.16 0.00 0.08 0.89 1.18
2536 110.49 0.39 0.69 0.83 2.83 3.96 0.17 0.00 0.09 0.91 1.20
2578 113.06 0.42 0.71 0.85 2.89 4.06 0.18 0.00 0.09 0.93 1.23
2628 115.83 0.46 0.72 0.87 2.99 4.20 0.20 0.00 0.11 0.96 1.26
2658 117.21 0.47 0.73 0.88 3.05 4.31 0.20 0.00 0.13 0.97 1.28
2686 117.85 0.53 0.74 0.89 3.13 4.40 0.23 0.00 0.17 0.99 1.29
2708 109.46 0.53 0.71 0.86 3.15 4.51 0.23 0.00 0.18 0.95 1.20
2746 106.91 0.53 0.70 0.84 3.22 4.63 0.23 0.00 0.18 0.94 1.17
2804 109.85 0.53 0.71 0.85 3.32 4.81 0.23 0.00 0.18 0.95 1.19
2870 113.56 0.54 0.73 0.86 3.42 5.00 0.23 0.00 0.19 0.98 1.22
2954 117.90 0.57 0.74 0.89 3.56 5.19 0.25 0.00 0.21 1.01 1.25
2996 118.87 0.62 0.75 0.90 3.65 5.30 0.27 0.00 0.25 1.03 1.26
3002 11.84 5.00 0.18 0.13 8.28 6.39 66.35 1.93 12.80 12.83 0.28
A.72
Specimen H100/1
140 140
εl 1
T3 T4
120 T2 120
100 100
Shear Force (KN)

Shear Force (KN)
εl 3
80 80
T1 εl 2
60 60
T3 T4
40 40
20 20

0 0
0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50
V = 118 KN
(failure)
A.73
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Test set-up and cracking for beam H100/1 Crack surface at failure
Shear cracking on the right side before failure
A.74
Specimen H100/2
Concrete properties
1080 mm 1080 mm
f’c = 87.0 MPa fsp = 4.1 MPa
1φ20 2φ32
B-500-S fyk = 500MPa φ6/165

2φ32
B-500-S fy = 530 MPa 2φ8
φ6/165
Cast: Jan 11, 2002
353 mm
Tested: Apr 10, 2002
400 mm
2φ32
Beam specimen H100/2 contained the minimum amount of web reinforcement proposed in
this document for a 100 MPa concrete. The first flexural crack was noticed for V = 40 KN. At
load stage 4 (V = 110 KN), a shear crack was reported. Strain of the stirrup flattened suddenly
for V = 130 KN. The beam specimen failed at a shear strength of 225.55 KN. The
longitudinal reinforcement did not reach the yielding strain.
250
200
Shear Force (KN)
150
100
50
0
0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00 14.00 16.00 18.00 20.00
νxy (m ε )
A.75
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H100/2
Time Shear
0 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
60 6.56 0.00 0.03 0.04 0.10 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02
165 14.01 0.01 0.07 0.10 0.26 0.39 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.06
225 18.88 0.00 0.10 0.15 0.38 0.53 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.15
276 23.55 0.00 0.14 0.18 0.49 0.65 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.22
369 32.91 0.01 0.21 0.26 0.65 0.94 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.08 0.36
441 40.02 0.01 0.26 0.30 0.84 1.17 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.45
489 44.54 0.02 0.30 0.33 0.98 1.33 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.11 0.50
534 49.09 0.04 0.32 0.36 1.10 1.50 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.12 0.55
588 54.57 0.06 0.36 0.39 1.22 1.69 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.15 0.61
639 59.98 0.08 0.39 0.43 1.37 1.87 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.19 0.67
684 64.23 0.09 0.42 0.45 1.54 2.06 0.04 0.00 0.01 0.25 0.74
726 68.62 0.11 0.44 0.48 1.66 2.21 0.05 0.00 0.01 0.33 0.80
771 73.32 0.14 0.47 0.51 1.78 2.37 0.06 0.00 0.01 0.40 0.85
855 82.02 0.18 0.52 0.57 2.09 2.71 0.08 0.00 0.01 0.52 0.95
885 85.09 0.21 0.53 0.59 2.19 2.82 0.09 0.00 0.01 0.57 0.99
930 89.61 0.25 0.56 0.63 2.32 2.98 0.10 0.00 0.01 0.64 1.04
969 93.73 0.27 0.59 0.66 2.44 3.15 0.11 0.00 0.02 0.69 1.09
1011 98.14 0.31 0.61 0.69 2.61 3.32 0.13 0.00 0.02 0.74 1.14
1056 102.51 0.36 0.64 0.72 2.76 3.49 0.15 0.00 0.02 0.79 1.19
1101 106.47 0.41 0.67 0.75 2.89 3.69 0.17 0.00 0.02 0.86 1.24
1137 109.96 0.44 0.69 0.78 2.99 3.85 0.19 0.00 0.02 0.91 1.28
1188 114.83 0.50 0.73 0.81 3.17 4.05 0.21 0.00 0.03 0.99 1.33
1233 119.11 0.57 0.76 0.83 3.33 4.25 0.24 0.00 0.03 1.07 1.38
1287 124.11 0.67 0.80 0.87 3.48 4.49 0.28 0.00 0.04 1.19 1.43
1356 130.21 0.84 0.84 0.90 3.70 4.79 0.33 -0.02 0.05 1.28 1.49
1431 135.08 1.09 0.87 0.93 4.01 5.14 0.42 -0.04 0.30 1.35 1.54
1485 140.06 1.25 0.90 0.96 4.18 5.38 0.49 -0.04 0.48 1.39 1.59
1530 144.17 1.39 0.93 0.99 4.35 5.59 0.55 -0.04 0.62 1.43 1.64
1572 148.10 1.49 0.95 1.01 4.48 5.75 0.59 -0.05 0.69 1.47 1.68
1632 153.17 1.68 0.98 1.04 4.64 6.03 0.65 -0.06 0.81 1.52 1.73
1728 161.21 1.95 1.02 1.08 4.99 6.43 0.76 -0.06 1.01 1.58 1.81
1776 165.12 2.13 1.04 1.11 5.14 6.65 0.84 -0.07 1.11 1.61 1.85
1824 168.85 2.36 1.06 1.13 5.31 6.85 0.94 -0.06 1.22 1.64 1.89
1869 172.56 2.62 1.08 1.15 5.51 7.04 1.05 -0.06 1.29 1.66 1.92
1899 175.16 2.77 1.09 1.17 5.61 7.18 1.11 -0.06 1.33 1.68 1.95
1953 179.85 2.98 1.11 1.20 5.83 7.41 1.20 -0.06 1.40 1.71 1.99
2025 185.16 3.31 1.14 1.24 6.17 7.73 1.34 -0.06 1.54 1.74 2.05
2076 189.47 3.52 1.17 1.27 6.35 7.95 1.43 -0.06 1.61 1.78 2.10
2145 194.31 4.14 1.19 1.30 6.70 8.28 1.63 -0.12 1.68 1.77 2.15
2205 194.40 4.65 1.21 1.31 7.08 8.58 1.93 -0.04 1.75 1.58 2.15
2268 198.51 4.95 1.22 1.33 7.46 8.92 2.20 0.10 1.79 1.48 2.18
2331 203.00 5.22 1.25 1.35 7.86 9.22 2.38 0.17 1.85 1.45 2.23
2406 208.28 5.40 1.29 1.39 8.26 9.61 2.54 0.25 1.91 1.43 2.28
2472 212.89 5.69 1.32 1.41 8.58 9.95 2.73 0.31 1.98 1.41 2.32
2532 216.85 5.98 1.34 1.43 8.93 10.25 2.90 0.36 2.04 1.40 2.36
2592 220.64 6.18 1.37 1.45 9.18 10.56 3.03 0.41 2.10 1.40 2.40
2646 223.58 6.42 1.39 1.47 9.46 10.83 3.15 0.43 2.15 1.39 2.43
2682 225.55 6.75 1.40 1.48 9.62 11.00 3.29 0.42 2.19 1.39 2.45
2811 215.35 10.45 1.37 1.44 10.67 11.68 4.55 0.12 2.49 1.16 2.36
2814 155.24 50.00 1.09 1.15 45.81 11.92 3.63 77.32 2.76 0.59 1.81
A.76

Time Shear
strain νxy εs2 εs3 εs4 εs5 εs6
0 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.05
60 6.56 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.05
165 14.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.06
225 18.88 0.00 0.00 -0.01 0.00 0.00 -0.06
276 23.55 0.00 0.00 -0.01 0.00 0.00 -0.07
369 32.91 0.01 0.00 -0.01 0.00 0.00 -0.06
441 40.02 0.01 -0.01 -0.01 0.00 -0.01 -0.04
489 44.54 0.02 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.03
534 49.09 0.04 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.02 -0.02
588 54.57 0.06 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.03 -0.02
639 59.98 0.08 -0.01 0.00 -0.01 -0.04 0.00
684 64.23 0.09 -0.01 0.00 -0.02 -0.04 0.00
726 68.62 0.11 -0.01 0.00 -0.03 -0.04 0.01
771 73.32 0.14 -0.01 0.01 -0.04 -0.05 0.00
855 82.02 0.18 0.00 0.05 -0.05 -0.05 -0.03
885 85.09 0.21 0.00 0.08 -0.05 -0.04 -0.03
930 89.61 0.25 0.00 0.14 -0.06 -0.04 -0.04
969 93.73 0.27 0.00 0.18 -0.06 -0.03 -0.03
1011 98.14 0.31 0.01 0.21 -0.06 -0.03 -0.02
1056 102.51 0.36 0.01 0.24 -0.06 -0.02 0.03
1101 106.47 0.41 0.01 0.28 -0.06 0.00 0.11
1137 109.96 0.44 0.01 0.32 -0.06 0.01 0.17
1188 114.83 0.50 0.00 0.37 -0.06 0.02 0.27
1233 119.11 0.57 0.00 0.46 -0.04 0.03 0.37
1287 124.11 0.67 0.00 0.55 -0.04 0.04 0.47
1356 130.21 0.84 -0.01 0.68 -0.02 0.04 0.62
1431 135.08 1.09 0.00 1.85 0.01 0.05 0.71
1485 140.06 1.25 0.01 2.23 0.02 0.07 0.78
1530 144.17 1.39 0.02 2.53 0.04 0.09 0.85
1572 148.10 1.49 0.03 2.77 0.05 0.14 0.92
1632 153.17 1.68 0.04 3.30 0.12 0.22 1.06
1728 161.21 1.95 0.07 7.33 0.51 0.36 1.23
1776 165.12 2.13 0.08 10.53 0.68 0.41 1.32
1824 168.85 2.36 0.09 12.74 0.78 0.46 1.39
1869 172.56 2.62 0.09 12.77 0.85 0.47 1.46
1899 175.16 2.77 0.09 12.77 0.88 0.49 1.52
1953 179.85 2.98 0.09 12.76 0.94 0.52 1.61
2025 185.16 3.31 0.11 12.76 1.03 0.59 1.76
2076 189.47 3.52 0.13 12.76 1.08 0.63 1.86
2145 194.31 4.14 0.14 12.76 1.16 0.98 2.05
2205 194.40 4.65 0.15 12.76 1.21 3.54 2.34
2268 198.51 4.95 0.16 12.76 1.23 8.56 2.53
2331 203.00 5.22 0.16 12.76 1.24 12.76 2.76
2406 208.28 5.40 0.17 12.76 1.27 12.76 3.07
2472 212.89 5.69 0.17 12.76 1.29 12.75 3.40
2532 216.85 5.98 0.18 12.76 1.32 12.75 3.83
2592 220.64 6.18 0.18 12.76 1.34 12.75 4.30
2646 223.58 6.42 0.18 12.76 1.37 12.75 4.70
2682 225.55 6.75 0.19 12.76 1.39 12.75 4.99
2811 215.35 10.45 0.21 12.76 1.75 12.75 4.95
2814 155.24 50.00 0.22 12.75 12.82 12.74 3.58
A.77
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H100/2
250 250
T3
T2
200 200
Shear Force (KN)

T4
Shear Force (KN)
εl 1
150 150
T1
εl 2
εl 3
100 100
T3 T4
50 50

0 0
0.0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 12.5 15.0 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00
250
εs 2
εs 4
εs 5
200
Shear Force (KN)
εs 6
150
εs 3
100
εs 3 εs 5
50
εs 2 εs 4 εs 6
0
0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00
A.78
V = 40 KN
V = 60 KN
V = 85 KN
V = 110 KN
V = 130 KN
V = 140 KN
V = 165 KN
V = 175 KN
V = 225.5 KN
failure
A.79
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H100/2
Test set-up for beam 100/2
Detail of the web cracking at failure Cracking at failure (V = 225.55 KN)
A.80
Specimen H100/3
Concrete properties
B-500-S fyk = 500MPa 1φ20
φ8/210 2φ32

B-500-S fy = 540 MPa 2φ32
2φ8
φ8/210
Cast: Jan 11, 2002
351 mm
400 mm
2φ32
Transducer T5 had to be readjusted at the beginning of the test before flexural cracking. First
flexural crack was noticed for a shear force V = 42 KN, although it had happened earlier. The
first shear crack was reported at V = 110 KN, when stirrups 1, 2 and 4 started working.
Stirrup 3 had started for V = 85 KN. The longitudinal reinforcement at mid span yielded for V
= 230 KN. The specimen failed when the shear force equalled 253.64 KN.
300
250
Shear Force (KN)
200
150
100
50
0
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00
νxy (m ε )
A.81
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H100/3
Time Shear
0 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
148 10.06 0.00 0.06 0.09 0.18 0.22 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.04
284 20.62 0.00 0.13 0.18 0.56 0.45 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.11
336 25.01 0.00 0.16 0.22 0.71 0.58 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.16
392 30.04 0.01 0.19 0.25 0.89 0.71 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.24
448 35.19 0.00 0.22 0.29 1.11 0.83 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.07 0.32
532 42.70 0.00 0.26 0.34 1.38 1.07 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.09 0.46
580 47.39 0.00 0.29 0.37 1.59 1.21 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.10 0.52
636 52.67 0.03 0.33 0.41 1.78 1.36 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.12 0.58
708 60.07 0.04 0.36 0.45 2.04 1.55 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.16 0.67
760 65.40 0.05 0.39 0.49 2.25 1.71 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.19 0.74
804 70.05 0.07 0.42 0.52 2.39 1.84 0.03 0.00 0.02 0.22 0.79
852 75.34 0.07 0.44 0.56 2.56 1.97 0.03 0.00 0.02 0.25 0.85
896 80.02 0.09 0.47 0.59 2.76 2.12 0.04 0.00 0.02 0.32 0.90
944 85.24 0.09 0.50 0.63 2.93 2.29 0.04 0.00 0.02 0.38 0.95
1000 90.49 0.12 0.53 0.67 3.16 2.49 0.06 0.01 0.02 0.60 1.01
1052 95.07 0.24 0.56 0.71 3.41 2.69 0.10 0.00 0.03 0.73 1.05
1100 99.83 0.35 0.59 0.74 3.59 2.89 0.15 0.00 0.03 0.71 1.11
1152 105.40 0.43 0.63 0.79 3.85 3.06 0.19 0.00 0.03 0.72 1.18
1200 109.99 0.62 0.66 0.81 4.06 3.22 0.27 0.00 0.04 0.72 1.22
1224 110.86 0.65 0.67 0.82 4.16 3.36 0.28 0.00 0.11 0.71 1.24
1268 115.17 0.71 0.70 0.84 4.41 3.53 0.31 0.00 0.18 0.73 1.28
1344 120.73 0.81 0.74 0.88 4.78 3.78 0.34 0.00 0.27 0.75 1.34
1388 125.42 0.87 0.77 0.91 5.06 3.95 0.37 0.00 0.33 0.76 1.39
1436 130.16 0.94 0.80 0.94 5.28 4.13 0.40 0.00 0.47 0.77 1.44
1488 135.38 1.03 0.83 0.96 5.60 4.31 0.44 0.00 0.55 0.78 1.50
1536 140.27 1.12 0.86 0.99 5.83 4.51 0.48 0.00 0.62 0.79 1.55
1584 145.03 1.23 0.88 1.02 6.13 4.69 0.53 0.00 0.70 0.79 1.60
1644 150.26 1.35 0.91 1.05 6.42 4.90 0.58 0.01 0.82 0.79 1.65
1696 155.19 1.50 0.93 1.09 6.73 5.10 0.65 0.01 0.91 0.79 1.71
1748 160.11 1.68 0.95 1.12 6.96 5.27 0.72 0.01 0.97 0.81 1.76
1796 164.71 1.81 0.98 1.15 7.21 5.42 0.78 0.01 1.02 0.82 1.80
1852 170.31 1.97 1.00 1.19 7.46 5.64 0.85 0.01 1.08 0.83 1.86
1904 175.33 2.11 1.03 1.23 7.70 5.84 0.92 0.02 1.14 0.83 1.91
1956 180.47 2.26 1.06 1.26 7.94 6.02 0.98 0.03 1.21 0.83 1.97
2008 185.37 2.41 1.08 1.30 8.13 6.24 1.06 0.04 1.28 0.81 2.02
2060 190.20 2.63 1.11 1.32 8.38 6.44 1.14 0.03 1.35 0.80 2.07
2112 194.92 2.74 1.14 1.36 8.58 6.64 1.23 0.06 1.42 0.78 2.12
2172 200.13 2.97 1.17 1.39 8.85 6.90 1.35 0.09 1.52 0.77 2.18
2232 205.47 3.21 1.20 1.42 9.12 7.13 1.46 0.10 1.60 0.78 2.23
2288 210.53 3.40 1.24 1.45 9.36 7.37 1.56 0.12 1.67 0.79 2.28
2340 215.03 3.57 1.27 1.47 9.63 7.57 1.66 0.14 1.73 0.80 2.33
2408 220.65 3.84 1.30 1.50 9.96 7.86 1.80 0.17 1.81 0.81 2.39
2476 225.54 4.09 1.33 1.53 10.33 8.14 1.94 0.21 1.87 0.80 2.45
2548 230.59 4.38 1.36 1.55 10.78 8.50 2.13 0.27 1.93 0.77 2.51
2620 235.50 4.64 1.39 1.58 11.25 8.85 2.31 0.34 1.97 0.76 2.64
2708 240.50 4.97 1.42 1.61 11.80 9.30 2.54 0.43 2.03 0.75 2.76
2800 245.33 5.35 1.44 1.64 12.33 9.81 2.81 0.54 2.10 0.74 2.89
2892 249.71 4.88 1.47 1.66 12.80 10.32 2.72 0.65 2.16 0.75 3.01
2988 253.64 5.19 1.49 1.68 13.26 10.86 2.99 0.79 2.23 0.77 3.13
2996 113.60 9.98 0.82 0.91 13.88 15.09 2.87 -1.37 1.82 -2.64 1.71
A.82

Time Shear
0 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
148 10.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
284 20.62 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01
336 25.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01
392 30.04 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02
448 35.19 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03
532 42.70 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03
580 47.39 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02
636 52.67 0.03 0.00 0.00 -0.01 0.00
708 60.07 0.04 0.01 0.00 0.00 -0.01
760 65.40 0.05 0.01 0.00 0.00 -0.03
804 70.05 0.07 0.01 0.00 0.00 -0.03
852 75.34 0.07 0.01 -0.01 0.00 -0.05
896 80.02 0.09 0.01 -0.01 0.00 -0.05
944 85.24 0.09 0.01 -0.01 0.01 -0.06
1000 90.49 0.12 0.02 -0.01 0.55 -0.09
1052 95.07 0.24 0.01 0.00 1.19 -0.09
1100 99.83 0.35 0.00 -0.01 1.65 -0.06
1152 105.40 0.43 0.00 -0.01 1.90 -0.04
1200 109.99 0.62 -0.01 -0.01 2.06 0.31
1224 110.86 0.65 0.00 0.07 2.15 0.35
1268 115.17 0.71 0.04 0.14 2.27 0.42
1344 120.73 0.81 0.13 0.26 2.42 0.51
1388 125.42 0.87 0.16 0.32 2.56 0.60
1436 130.16 0.94 0.23 0.46 2.72 0.68
1488 135.38 1.03 0.30 0.58 2.97 0.78
1536 140.27 1.12 0.36 0.70 3.19 0.87
1584 145.03 1.23 0.41 0.82 3.45 0.97
1644 150.26 1.35 0.49 0.97 3.73 1.12
1696 155.19 1.50 0.58 1.11 3.82 1.31
1748 160.11 1.68 0.64 1.23 3.96 1.50
1796 164.71 1.81 0.67 1.33 4.13 1.63
1852 170.31 1.97 0.71 1.46 4.54 1.76
1904 175.33 2.11 0.75 1.58 5.04 1.89
1956 180.47 2.26 0.78 1.70 5.71 2.01
2008 185.37 2.41 0.80 1.85 6.60 2.13
2060 190.20 2.63 0.82 1.99 7.55 2.27
2112 194.92 2.74 0.84 2.14 8.65 2.40
2172 200.13 2.97 0.87 2.37 10.03 2.60
2232 205.47 3.21 0.89 2.56 11.19 2.84
2288 210.53 3.40 0.91 2.71 12.22 3.08
2340 215.03 3.57 0.92 2.84 12.77 3.34
2408 220.65 3.84 0.94 2.98 12.79 3.83
2476 225.54 4.09 0.95 3.08 12.28 4.37
2548 230.59 4.38 0.96 3.17 11.12 5.20
2620 235.50 4.64 0.98 3.24 10.38 6.11
2708 240.50 4.97 0.99 3.31 10.17 7.12
2800 245.33 5.35 1.00 3.37 8.81 8.12
2892 249.71 4.88 1.01 3.44 8.03 8.82
2988 253.64 5.19 1.02 3.52 6.90 9.53
2996 113.60 9.98 0.97 2.91 12.81 12.78
A.83
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H100/3
300 300
εl 3
T2
250 250
T3 εl 1
Shear Force (KN)

200 200
Shear Force (KN)
T1 T4
150 150
T3 εl 2
100 T4 100
50 50
εl1 εl2 εl3

T1 T2
0 0
0.0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 12.5 15.0 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50
300
250
εs 1
Shear Force (KN)
200
εs 2
εs 4
150
100
εs 3
εs 2 εs 4
50
εs 1 εs 3
0
0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00
A.84
V = 42 KN
V = 60 KN
V = 85 KN
V = 110 KN
V = 130 KN
V = 150 KN
V = 195 KN
V = 253.6 KN
failure
A.85
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H100/3
Cracking at failure (V = 253.64 KN) Detail of the shear crack
A.86
Specimen H100/4
Concrete properties
B-500-S fyk = 500MPa 1φ20
φ8/210 2φ32 + 1φ25
ρl = 2.99% 2 φ32 + 1 φ25 bars in one layer
2600 mm
1φ20 1φ20
B-500-S fy = 540 MPa 2φ32 + 2φ25
200 mm
φ8/210
Cast: Jan 11, 2002
351 mm
400 mm
2φ32 + 1φ25
First flexural crack was reported in beam specimen H100/4 for a shear force V = 35 KN. A
shear crack started to develop at V = 85 KN, although it was when the shear force equalled to
110 KN when the strain of the stirrup 2 increased considerably. The longitudinal
reinforcement did not reach the yielding strain. The specimen collapsed at V = 266.53 KN.
300
250
Shear Force (KN)
200
150
100
50
0
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00
νxy (m ε )
A.87
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H100/4
Time Shear
sec KN me mm mm mm mm mm mm me me Me
0 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
128 10.22 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.40 0.24 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.04
232 20.04 0.00 0.11 0.14 0.70 0.46 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.11
316 30.06 0.01 0.16 0.22 0.99 0.65 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.20
356 35.00 0.00 0.18 0.25 1.15 0.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.29
380 38.18 0.00 0.20 0.28 1.22 0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.33
412 42.34 0.00 0.22 0.31 1.32 0.91 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.08 0.38
508 55.14 0.01 0.30 0.41 1.71 1.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.12 0.51
544 59.99 0.01 0.32 0.45 1.83 1.30 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.14 0.55
588 65.82 0.01 0.36 0.50 1.99 1.44 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.25 0.61
624 70.46 0.03 0.40 0.53 2.16 1.57 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.38 0.65
660 75.32 0.05 0.43 0.56 2.30 1.68 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.44 0.69
696 80.01 0.07 0.46 0.59 2.42 1.78 0.04 0.01 0.01 0.50 0.73
736 85.38 0.13 0.50 0.63 2.57 1.91 0.06 0.01 0.01 0.54 0.78
772 90.25 0.16 0.54 0.66 2.73 2.04 0.07 0.00 0.01 0.59 0.82
812 95.70 0.23 0.58 0.69 2.89 2.17 0.10 0.00 0.01 0.62 0.86
848 100.48 0.30 0.61 0.72 3.01 2.28 0.13 0.00 0.01 0.66 0.90
888 105.10 0.38 0.63 0.75 3.19 2.39 0.16 0.00 0.01 0.70 0.94
928 110.21 0.45 0.66 0.78 3.38 2.53 0.19 0.00 0.02 0.73 0.99
972 115.89 0.55 0.69 0.81 3.55 2.69 0.23 0.00 0.03 0.76 1.04
1040 122.97 0.74 0.73 0.86 3.88 2.96 0.32 0.01 0.06 0.80 1.09
1096 129.88 0.89 0.76 0.91 4.11 3.17 0.38 0.01 0.09 0.83 1.15
1144 135.22 1.05 0.79 0.95 4.37 3.36 0.45 0.01 0.14 0.86 1.19
1184 140.12 1.13 0.81 0.98 4.57 3.48 0.48 0.00 0.16 0.88 1.23
1236 145.16 1.23 0.83 1.02 4.82 3.65 0.53 0.01 0.20 0.90 1.28
1276 150.11 1.34 0.86 1.05 5.06 3.80 0.57 0.01 0.23 0.91 1.31
1320 155.29 1.45 0.88 1.09 5.27 3.95 0.62 0.01 0.28 0.93 1.36
1360 160.20 1.55 0.91 1.12 5.51 4.08 0.66 0.01 0.33 0.95 1.39
1400 165.08 1.69 0.94 1.15 5.73 4.23 0.72 0.00 0.39 0.97 1.43
1444 170.37 1.85 0.97 1.17 5.96 4.41 0.79 0.01 0.45 0.98 1.47
1484 175.05 2.01 1.00 1.20 6.21 4.55 0.86 0.00 0.52 0.99 1.51
1528 180.42 2.15 1.04 1.23 6.41 4.70 0.91 0.00 0.58 1.01 1.55
1568 185.19 2.29 1.07 1.25 6.65 4.86 0.97 0.00 0.65 1.02 1.58
1608 189.91 2.44 1.10 1.28 6.86 5.02 1.02 -0.01 0.71 1.03 1.62
1652 195.02 2.59 1.13 1.30 7.05 5.19 1.08 -0.02 0.78 1.03 1.66
1700 200.12 2.79 1.16 1.33 7.32 5.40 1.15 -0.03 0.89 1.02 1.69
1764 205.54 3.31 1.19 1.36 7.59 5.76 1.37 -0.03 0.99 0.89 1.74
1808 210.27 3.55 1.22 1.39 7.81 5.97 1.48 -0.03 1.05 0.86 1.77
1856 215.19 3.76 1.24 1.41 8.02 6.20 1.58 -0.02 1.12 0.83 1.81
1908 220.14 4.02 1.27 1.44 8.23 6.45 1.70 0.00 1.19 0.77 1.85
1964 225.23 4.37 1.29 1.47 8.50 6.75 1.88 0.03 1.26 0.69 1.89
2020 230.49 4.73 1.32 1.50 8.71 7.02 2.06 0.06 1.34 0.65 1.93
2072 235.26 4.95 1.34 1.53 8.97 7.29 2.19 0.09 1.42 0.61 1.97
2132 240.54 5.20 1.37 1.57 9.22 7.57 2.35 0.15 1.50 0.57 2.01
2184 245.09 5.55 1.39 1.59 9.48 7.84 2.55 0.19 1.58 0.54 2.04
2256 249.91 5.90 1.41 1.62 9.82 8.16 2.76 0.26 1.66 0.51 2.08
2332 255.29 6.30 1.44 1.66 10.25 8.56 3.04 0.36 1.76 0.45 2.12
2408 260.24 6.77 1.46 1.68 10.71 8.98 3.37 0.50 1.87 0.38 2.16
2480 264.13 7.34 1.49 1.70 11.17 9.41 3.77 0.66 1.98 0.26 2.19
2528 266.53 7.62 1.50 1.72 11.47 9.71 4.01 0.77 2.06 0.18 2.20
2532 191.03 7.56 1.26 1.37 11.83 11.71 3.85 0.64 2.46 12.82 1.70
A.88

Time Shear
0 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
128 10.22 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00
232 20.04 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00
316 30.06 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01
356 35.00 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01
380 38.18 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.01
412 42.34 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.01
508 55.14 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.00
544 59.99 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.00
588 65.82 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 -0.01
624 70.46 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.00 -0.01
660 75.32 0.05 0.01 0.02 0.01 -0.01
696 80.01 0.07 0.01 0.02 0.05 -0.01
736 85.38 0.13 0.01 0.02 0.07 0.01
772 90.25 0.16 0.01 0.02 0.08 0.02
812 95.70 0.23 0.01 0.02 0.09 0.04
848 100.48 0.30 0.01 0.02 0.11 0.06
888 105.10 0.38 0.01 0.02 0.15 0.08
928 110.21 0.45 0.01 0.02 0.18 0.11
972 115.89 0.55 0.00 0.02 0.22 0.15
1040 122.97 0.74 0.02 1.07 0.32 0.22
1096 129.88 0.89 0.02 1.48 0.37 0.28
1144 135.22 1.05 0.03 1.98 0.41 0.34
1184 140.12 1.13 0.03 2.16 0.44 0.39
1236 145.16 1.23 0.03 2.37 0.47 0.54
1276 150.11 1.34 0.03 2.58 0.50 0.68
1320 155.29 1.45 0.04 2.87 0.56 0.79
1360 160.20 1.55 0.04 3.19 0.62 0.88
1400 165.08 1.69 0.04 3.56 0.70 0.97
1444 170.37 1.85 0.05 4.09 0.80 1.07
1484 175.05 2.01 0.05 4.63 0.88 1.17
1528 180.42 2.15 0.06 5.27 0.97 1.28
1568 185.19 2.29 0.06 5.97 1.10 1.39
1608 189.91 2.44 0.07 6.60 1.28 1.50
1652 195.02 2.59 0.08 7.35 1.45 1.61
1700 200.12 2.79 0.08 8.51 1.66 1.73
1764 205.54 3.31 0.10 8.83 2.30 1.90
1808 210.27 3.55 0.11 9.22 2.64 2.01
1856 215.19 3.76 0.19 9.99 3.01 2.13
1908 220.14 4.02 0.24 10.92 3.47 2.24
1964 225.23 4.37 0.27 12.03 3.99 2.36
2020 230.49 4.73 0.29 12.72 4.46 2.51
2072 235.26 4.95 0.31 12.74 4.89 2.66
2132 240.54 5.20 0.33 12.74 5.43 2.86
2184 245.09 5.55 0.35 12.74 5.96 3.04
2256 249.91 5.90 0.37 12.74 6.64 3.29
2332 255.29 6.30 0.39 11.87 7.57 3.53
2408 260.24 6.77 0.40 9.93 8.63 3.74
2480 264.13 7.34 0.42 9.39 9.63 3.92
2528 266.53 7.62 0.43 9.19 10.12 4.02
2532 191.03 7.56 0.48 12.75 12.79 2.93
A.89
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H100/4
300 300
T2
250 250
T3
Shear Force (KN)

200 200
Shear Force (KN)
εl 1
εl 3
T4
T1
150 150
100 T3 T4 100
εl 2
50 50
εl1 εl2 εl3

T1 T2
0 0
0.0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 12.5 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50
300
εs 1
250
εs 4
Shear Force (KN)
200
εs 3
150
εs 2
100
εs 2 εs 4
50
εs 1 εs 3
0
0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00
A.90
V = 35 KN
V = 42 KN
V = 60 KN
V = 85 KN
V = 110 KN
V = 130 KN
V = 150 KN
V = 195 KN
V = 220 KN
V = 235 KN
V = 266.5 KN
failure
A.91
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H100/4
Shear crack prior to the beam failure Cracking at failure (V = 266.53 KN)
A.92
Specimen H100/5
Concrete properties
B-500-S fyk = 500MPa 1φ20 4φ8 2φ32 1φ20

No stirrups at the tested zone 2φ32
4 φ8 bars distributed along the web 2φ8 200 mm
Cast: Apr 16, 2002 4φ8
359 mm
400 mm
2φ32
Beam specimen H100/5 did not contain stirrups but longitudinal bars distributed along the
web. First flexural crack was reported at V = 25 KN. A shear crack was observed for a shear
force V = 85 KN. The beam collapsed briskly for V = 140.90 KN.
160
140
120
Shear Force (KN)
100
80
60
40
20
0
-0.25 0.25 0.75 1.25 1.75 2.25 2.75 3.25
νxy (m ε )
A.93
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
Specimen H100/5
Time Shear
sec KN Me mm mm mm mm mm mm me me me
0 0.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
42 5.53 -0.01 0.02 0.05 0.18 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02
135 7.57 -0.05 0.03 0.05 0.23 0.19 -0.02 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.03
201 10.03 -0.07 0.04 0.07 0.32 0.24 -0.02 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.05
261 12.53 -0.08 0.05 0.09 0.42 0.29 -0.02 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.07
321 15.26 -0.08 0.07 0.11 0.53 0.36 -0.02 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.09
369 17.68 -0.09 0.08 0.12 0.60 0.41 -0.02 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.12
414 20.04 -0.10 0.09 0.14 0.66 0.47 -0.03 0.01 0.01 0.04 0.14
459 22.50 -0.09 0.11 0.15 0.73 0.52 -0.03 0.01 0.01 0.04 0.18
504 25.08 -0.10 0.12 0.17 0.79 0.58 -0.03 0.02 0.01 0.05 0.22
555 28.09 -0.09 0.14 0.19 0.89 0.65 -0.02 0.02 0.02 0.06 0.27
606 30.83 -0.10 0.15 0.21 1.01 0.72 -0.02 0.02 0.02 0.07 0.36
633 32.50 -0.09 0.16 0.23 1.07 0.76 -0.02 0.02 0.02 0.07 0.38
672 34.96 -0.09 0.17 0.24 1.15 0.81 -0.02 0.02 0.02 0.08 0.42
723 38.14 -0.09 0.19 0.27 1.24 0.88 -0.02 0.02 0.02 0.10 0.46
789 41.99 -0.09 0.22 0.30 1.35 0.98 -0.02 0.02 0.02 0.11 0.50
834 44.63 -0.07 0.23 0.31 1.44 1.07 -0.01 0.02 0.02 0.13 0.53
876 47.26 -0.07 0.25 0.34 1.55 1.14 -0.01 0.02 0.03 0.14 0.57
939 51.14 -0.05 0.28 0.37 1.69 1.24 0.00 0.02 0.03 0.16 0.61
984 53.79 -0.05 0.30 0.39 1.77 1.31 0.00 0.02 0.03 0.17 0.64
1029 56.37 -0.04 0.32 0.41 1.85 1.38 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.19 0.67
1086 59.93 -0.03 0.34 0.44 1.96 1.47 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.23 0.72
1137 63.06 -0.01 0.36 0.46 2.08 1.56 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.26 0.75
1176 65.86 -0.01 0.38 0.48 2.18 1.64 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.28 0.77
1215 68.20 0.00 0.40 0.50 2.27 1.71 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.30 0.80
1269 71.49 0.01 0.43 0.53 2.37 1.80 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.34 0.83
1308 74.06 0.02 0.44 0.55 2.44 1.87 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.37 0.86
1353 76.97 0.04 0.46 0.56 2.53 1.94 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.39 0.89
1392 79.47 0.05 0.48 0.58 2.62 2.00 0.04 0.02 0.03 0.42 0.92
1434 82.16 0.06 0.49 0.60 2.72 2.08 0.04 0.02 0.03 0.45 0.95
1479 85.01 0.07 0.51 0.62 2.83 2.16 0.04 0.01 0.03 0.48 0.98
1518 87.59 0.07 0.52 0.64 2.91 2.24 0.04 0.01 0.03 0.50 1.01
1563 90.56 0.07 0.54 0.66 3.00 2.32 0.04 0.02 0.03 0.53 1.04
1599 92.87 0.07 0.55 0.67 3.06 2.39 0.05 0.01 0.04 0.55 1.06
1641 95.56 0.09 0.56 0.69 3.16 2.45 0.05 0.02 0.04 0.57 1.09
1695 99.03 0.11 0.58 0.71 3.31 2.53 0.06 0.01 0.04 0.60 1.12
1743 102.13 0.12 0.60 0.73 3.42 2.62 0.07 0.01 0.04 0.63 1.15
1797 105.53 0.13 0.61 0.75 3.53 2.72 0.07 0.01 0.04 0.67 1.19
1842 108.49 0.15 0.63 0.77 3.62 2.80 0.08 0.01 0.04 0.71 1.21
1890 111.51 0.18 0.64 0.79 3.74 2.89 0.09 0.01 0.04 0.74 1.24
1941 114.66 0.24 0.66 0.81 3.90 2.98 0.11 0.01 0.05 0.77 1.27
1992 117.51 0.28 0.67 0.82 4.02 3.05 0.13 0.01 0.05 0.79 1.30
2052 120.52 0.33 0.69 0.85 4.15 3.16 0.15 0.01 0.06 0.82 1.32
2076 122.00 0.36 0.69 0.86 4.21 3.20 0.17 0.01 0.06 0.83 1.34
2127 125.13 0.43 0.71 0.87 4.37 3.29 0.20 0.01 0.08 0.86 1.37
2184 128.19 0.55 0.72 0.90 4.55 3.38 0.24 0.01 0.09 0.89 1.40
2229 131.12 0.59 0.74 0.92 4.65 3.47 0.26 0.01 0.10 0.92 1.43
2280 134.28 0.63 0.75 0.94 4.78 3.56 0.28 0.01 0.11 0.94 1.46
2337 137.78 0.69 0.77 0.97 4.98 3.66 0.30 0.01 0.14 0.97 1.49
2394 140.90 0.76 0.79 0.99 5.15 3.76 0.33 0.01 0.22 1.00 1.52
2403 106.58 2.86 0.68 0.80 5.36 4.81 1.98 0.76 1.74 0.97 1.16
A.94
Specimen H100/5
160 160
140 140
T1
T3 εl 1
120 120
T2
Shear Force (KN)

Shear Force (KN)
100 100
T4 εl 2
80 80
εl 3
60 60
T3 T4
40 40
20 20

0 0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50
A.95
Annex A ___________________________________________________________________________________
V = 25 KN
V = 35 KN
V = 42 KN
V = 60 KN
V = 85 KN
V = 102 KN
V = 122 KN
V = 137 KN
V = 140.9 KN
failure
A.96
Annex B
MATERIAL PROPERTIES
B.1 Concrete properties
B.2 Reinforcement steel properties

_________________________________________________________ Material Properties
B.1 Concrete properties
Standard 150 mm x 300 mm cylinders were tested to obtain the concrete compressive
and splitting strength at the age of the tests. Figure B.1 shows details of the test
configuration.
Test results for each cylinder are summarized in Table B.1. Concrete compressive
strength equalled 49.9 MPa for concrete mix H50, 60.8 MPa for H60, 68.9 for H75, and
87 MPA for concrete mix H100. The standard deviation was equal to, respectively, 1.38
MPa, 1.56 MPa, 1.65 MPa, and 1.90 MPa. The cylinders had been polished in one face,
in order to have two parallel surfaces.
a) b)
Figure B.1:Concrete properties. a) Compression test; b) Splitting test
Compression tests
H50 H60 H75 H100
Failure Failure Failure Failure
Strength Strength Strength Strength
load load load load
84.5 47.8 108.1 61.2 122.0 69.1 150.2 85.0
89.4 50.6 110.9 62.8 125.5 71.0 157.1 88.9
89.2 50.5 104.4 59.1 199.9 67.8 156.7 88.7
89.4 50.6 108.9 61.6 121.3 68.6 154.6 87.5
104.9 59.3 124.2 70.3 150.2 85.0
Average 49.9 60.8 68.9 87.0
Est. dev. 1.38 1.56 1.65 1.90
Splitting tests
254.8 3.60 332.4 4.70 285.8 4.04 273.0 3.86
271.7 3.84 266.4 3.77 212.4 3.00 265.1 3.75
209.1 2.96 332.9 4.71 284.3 4.02 287.6 4.07
242.1 3.43 293.6 4.15 279.5 3.95 320.3 4.53
279.4 3.95 220.9 3.13
284.7 4.03 281.7 3.99
Average 3.46 4.22 3.69 4.05
Est. dev. 0.37 0.40 0.49 0.34
Table B.1: Concrete properties. Summary of test results.
B.1
Annex B _____________________________________________________________________________
The splitting strength is represented in Figure B.2 versus the concrete compressive
strength. It can be seen that it increased as the concrete compressive strength increased,
but the increase seemed proportional to the square root of the compressive strength and
not to the 2/3 power. However, it is not possible to extract conclusions with only four
concretes. The standard deviation was similar for the four concrete mixes (Table B.1).
5,0
α·fc2/3
4,5
4,0
3,5
α·fc0,5
3,0
(MPa)
2,5
2,0
f
1,5
1,0
0,5
0,0
40 50 60 70 80 90
fc (MPa)
Figure B.2:Concrete splitting strength vs. compressive strength.
B.2 Reinforcement steel properties
Rebars utilized as shear reinforcement were tested in the Structural Technology

Laboratory. The test procedure followed EN 10002-1 and UNE 4-474-92 Standards.
Photographs in Figure B.3 give details of the test set-up.
a) b)
Figure B.3:Reinforcement steel properties. a) Tension test; b) Detail of the failure of a reinforcing bar.
B.2
_________________________________________________________ Material Properties
During the first phase of the experimental campaign some problems happened when
testing the shear reinforcement. Results were very different when a strain gauge was
attached. During the second phase this error was corrected, and some rebars of the first
phase were tested again.
Figure B.4 shows the force-deformation curve for two different 8-mm rebar and the
actual yield strength. It can be seen that the curves are practically identical.
Table B.2 summarizes the experimental results.
35
30
25
Force (KN)
20
15
10
0
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000
µε
Figure B.4:Reinforcement steel properties. Force-deformation curve for two 8-mm bar diameter.
Area fy fu
Size - series 2
mm MPa MPa
φ6 - H60 and H75 28.27 530 680
φ8 - H60 and H75 50.27 530 685
φ6 - H50 and H100 28.27 530 680
φ8 - H50 and H100 50.27 540 672
Table B.2: Properties of web reinforcing bars
B.3
Annex C
EXPERIMENTAL DATABASE
Annex C _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ Experimental Database
Beams without web reinforcement Vpred (KN) Vtest/Vpred

ANN
b d fc ρl Vtest ACI ACI ACI ACI
Author ID a/d EHE EC-2 LRFD Resp ANN Eq. 6.1 Eq. 6.3 EHE EC-2 LRFD Resp ANN Eq. 6.1 Eq. 6.3
mm mm MPa % KN 11-5 11-3 11-5 11-3
b40b4 V 305 368 34.8 1.85 2.76 155.7 117.2 140.7 121.6 114.8 110.4 141.5 136.7 116.1 124.1 1.33 1.11 1.28 1.36 1.41 1.10 1.14 1.34 1.25
b56b2 T 305 368 14.7 1.85 3.86 100.1 88.0 105.5 80.1 73.9 71.7 93.5 118.5 103.4 104.5 1.14 0.95 1.25 1.35 1.40 1.07 0.84 0.97 0.96
b56a4 T 305 375 25 2.41 3.8 137.9 109.4 131.2 106.1 98.6 95.3 125.4 141.6 123.2 134.6 1.26 1.05 1.30 1.40 1.45 1.10 0.97 1.12 1.02
b56b4 T 305 368 27.2 1.85 3.86 122.3 108.0 129.6 100.3 96.1 97.6 118.8 125.0 108.8 118.2 1.13 0.94 1.22 1.27 1.25 1.03 0.98 1.12 1.04
b56e4 T 305 368 28.4 1.24 3.86 109 95.9 115.0 90.8 93.8 99.7 103.8 108.2 90.1 97.6 1.14 0.95 1.20 1.16 1.09 1.05 1.01 1.21 1.12
Morrow b56a6 T 308 356 39.9 3.79 4 177.9 123.9 148.7 135.8 122.7 115.4 161.8 165.9 146.0 154.4 1.44 1.20 1.31 1.45 1.54 1.10 1.07 1.22 1.15
Viest
(1957) b56b6 T 305 372 45.7 1.83 3.83 136.8 129.0 154.8 121.0 122.2 127.8 142.5 135.3 124.9 131.5 1.06 0.88 1.13 1.12 1.07 0.96 1.01 1.10 1.04
b113b4 T 305 365 32.6 1.87 7.86 104.3 114.4 137.2 84.1 96.0 105.9 97.5 97.9 114.1 122.4 0.91 0.76 1.24 1.09 0.98 1.07 1.07 0.91 0.85
b70b2 T 305 365 16.3 1.87 4.87 88.96 90.8 108.9 76.7 73.4 74.9 89.0 111.4 103.9 106.6 0.98 0.82 1.16 1.21 1.19 1.00 0.80 0.86 0.83
b70a4 V 305 368 27.2 2.46 4.83 132.3 110.8 133.0 101.0 96.0 97.6 119.2 132.3 125.5 136.3 1.19 1.00 1.31 1.38 1.36 1.11 1.00 1.05 0.97
b70a6 T 305 356 45 3.83 5 177.9 127.7 153.2 130.8 121.9 121.4 158.9 157.4 152.0 159.5 1.39 1.16 1.36 1.46 1.47 1.12 1.13 1.17 1.12
b84b4 T 305 363 27.2 1.88 5.87 111.2 107.4 128.9 86.9 89.8 96.2 102.0 109.1 108.6 117.9 1.04 0.86 1.28 1.24 1.16 1.09 1.02 1.02 0.94
F11 T 177.8 273 20.6 1.2 4 44.81 39.4 47.2 33.9 34.8 36.7 40.7 44.6 39.5 41.7 1.14 0.95 1.32 1.29 1.22 1.10 1.01 1.13 1.08
F12 V 177.8 273 20.6 2.5 4 54.48 46.7 56.0 41.6 38.4 36.7 49.5 63.4 56.0 59.1 1.17 0.97 1.31 1.42 1.48 1.10 0.86 0.97 0.92
F8 T 177.8 273 39.9 1 4 45.97 46.2 55.4 40.3 46.6 51.1 44.2 47.7 41.8 43.4 1.00 0.83 1.14 0.99 0.90 1.04 0.96 1.10 1.06
F13 T 177.8 273 39.9 1.2 4 46.35 49.1 58.9 42.9 47.1 51.1 51.5 50.9 45.8 47.6 0.94 0.79 1.08 0.98 0.91 0.90 0.91 1.01 0.97
Elzanaty F14 T 177.8 273 39.9 2.5 4 64.93 58.2 69.8 52.8 50.7 51.1 61.3 71.2 66.2 68.7 1.12 0.93 1.23 1.28 1.27 1.06 0.91 0.98 0.95
Nilson
F1 T 177.8 273 65.5 1.2 4 58.69 56.2 69.5 50.6 59.4 65.5 57.5 59.4 53.0 51.6 1.04 0.84 1.16 0.99 0.90 1.02 0.99 1.11 1.14
Slate
(1986) F2 T 177.8 273 65.5 2.5 4 67.21 66.7 82.4 62.8 63.1 65.5 71.5 82.3 76.6 74.5 1.01 0.82 1.07 1.07 1.03 0.94 0.82 0.88 0.90
F9 T 177.8 273 79.2 1.6 4 63.67 61.9 81.4 53.1 62.5 67.7 67.0 71.3 64.4 59.6 1.03 0.78 1.20 1.02 0.94 0.95 0.89 0.99 1.07
F10 T 177.8 273 65.5 3.3 4 78.53 66.7 82.4 68.3 65.3 65.5 78.5 94.1 88.0 85.6 1.18 0.95 1.15 1.20 1.20 1.00 0.83 0.89 0.92
F15 T 177.8 273 79.2 2.5 4 68.29 66.7 87.7 60.4 64.9 67.7 75.0 88.2 80.6 74.5 1.02 0.78 1.13 1.05 1.01 0.91 0.77 0.85 0.92
F6 T 177.8 273 63.4 2.5 6 61.9 66.7 81.5 54.8 59.4 64.4 63.8 67.1 75.9 74.5 0.93 0.76 1.13 1.04 0.96 0.97 0.92 0.82 0.83
A0-3-3b T 152 298 22.6 3.36 3.6 64.6 44.0 52.8 45.2 40.8 35.9 53.8 67.1 51.8 55.5 1.47 1.22 1.43 1.58 1.80 1.20 0.96 1.25 1.16
A0-3-3c T 152 298 29.5 2.32 3.6 66.8 48.1 57.7 48.8 42.1 41.0 57.6 57.3 53.1 56.9 1.39 1.16 1.37 1.59 1.63 1.16 1.17 1.26 1.17
Mphonde A0-7-3a T 152 298 40.9 3.36 3.6 82.16 53.7 64.4 56.7 51.4 48.3 67.3 75.1 64.3 67.0 1.53 1.28 1.45 1.60 1.70 1.22 1.09 1.28 1.23
Frantz A0-7-3b T 152 298 45.2 3.36 3.6 82.79 55.5 66.6 58.7 53.5 50.8 69.6 77.0 67.2 69.4 1.49 1.24 1.41 1.55 1.63 1.19 1.07 1.23 1.19
(1984)
A0-11-3a V 152 298 81.4 3.36 3.6 89.69 61.0 81.0 63.6 64.2 63.2 76.7 94.5 84.4 79.0 1.47 1.11 1.41 1.40 1.42 1.17 0.95 1.06 1.14
A0-11-3b T 152 298 81.1 3.36 3.6 89.38 61.0 80.9 63.4 64.2 63.2 76.4 94.3 84.4 79.0 1.47 1.10 1.41 1.39 1.42 1.17 0.95 1.06 1.13
A0-15-3a T 152 298 88.4 3.36 3.6 93.45 61.0 83.2 65.3 64.2 63.2 78.5 97.9 85.9 79.0 1.53 1.12 1.43 1.46 1.48 1.19 0.95 1.09 1.18
C.1

ANN
mm mm MPa % KN 11-5 11-3 11-5 11-3
A0-15-3b T 152 298 101.8 3.36 3.6 100 61.0 86.7 68.5 64.2 63.2 82.7 104.1 87.7 79.0 1.64 1.15 1.46 1.56 1.58 1.21 0.96 1.14 1.27
A0-15-3c T 152 298 99.8 3.36 3.6 97.84 61.0 86.7 68.4 64.2 63.2 82.2 103.2 87.9 79.0 1.60 1.13 1.43 1.52 1.55 1.19 0.95 1.11 1.24
Mphonde
Frantz A0-3-2 T 152 298 22.4 3.36 2.5 77.77 43.9 52.7 49.9 48.0 35.7 55.2 74.8 51.8 55.3 1.77 1.48 1.56 1.62 2.18 1.41 1.04 1.50 1.41
(1984)
A0-7-2 V 152 298 49.1 3.36 2.5 117.9 57.0 68.4 67.0 62.7 52.9 77.1 87.8 69.7 71.5 2.07 1.72 1.76 1.88 2.23 1.53 1.34 1.69 1.65
A0-11-2 T 152 298 86.2 3.36 2.5 111.3 61.0 82.6 73.2 71.5 63.2 86.3 106.2 85.5 79.0 1.83 1.35 1.52 1.56 1.76 1.29 1.05 1.30 1.41
M100-S0 T 150 203 83.3 3.22 3.94 65 44.9 60.1 44.2 42.1 42.5 46.1 73.1 66.2 57.1 1.45 1.08 1.47 1.54 1.53 1.41 0.89 0.98 1.14
M100-S3 T 150 203 83.3 3.22 2.96 96.9 44.9 60.1 48.7 45.0 42.5 51.5 80.9 66.2 57.1 2.16 1.61 1.99 2.15 2.28 1.88 1.20 1.46 1.70
M100-S4 T 150 203 83.3 3.22 3.94 80.7 44.9 60.1 44.3 42.1 42.5 46.1 73.1 66.2 57.1 1.80 1.34 1.82 1.92 1.90 1.75 1.10 1.22 1.41
M80-S0 V 150 203 72.2 3.22 3.94 58 44.9 57.3 43.3 42.1 42.5 45.0 68.3 63.2 57.1 1.29 1.01 1.34 1.38 1.37 1.29 0.85 0.92 1.02
Islam
Pam M80-S4 T 150 203 72.2 3.22 3.94 72.1 44.9 57.3 43.4 42.1 42.5 45.1 68.2 63.2 57.1 1.61 1.26 1.66 1.71 1.70 1.60 1.06 1.14 1.26
Kwan M60-S0 T 150 207 50.8 2.02 3.86 45.5 43.1 51.7 36.1 35.4 36.9 38.2 47.3 44.9 44.4 1.06 0.88 1.26 1.29 1.23 1.19 0.96 1.01 1.03
(1998)
M60-S4 T 150 207 50.8 2.02 3.86 51.9 43.1 51.7 36.0 35.4 36.9 38.2 47.3 44.9 44.4 1.20 1.00 1.44 1.47 1.41 1.36 1.10 1.16 1.17
M40-S0 T 150 205 34.4 3.19 3.9 55 37.6 45.1 35.0 31.6 30.1 37.2 53.5 45.1 47.0 1.46 1.22 1.57 1.74 1.83 1.48 1.03 1.22 1.17
M25-S0 T 150 207 26.6 2.02 3.86 47.5 34.7 41.7 28.6 26.6 26.7 30.8 39.8 36.2 39.0 1.37 1.14 1.66 1.78 1.78 1.54 1.19 1.31 1.22
M25-S3 T 150 207 26.6 2.02 2.9 56.5 34.7 41.7 31.2 28.5 26.7 34.0 44.3 36.2 39.0 1.63 1.36 1.81 1.98 2.12 1.66 1.27 1.56 1.45
B100 T 300 925 36 1 2.92 225 201.4 241.6 189.1 262.6 277.5 197.5 233.1 163.5 190.5 1.12 0.93 1.19 0.86 0.81 1.14 0.97 1.38 1.18
B100-R T 300 925 36 1 2.92 249 201.4 241.6 190.1 262.6 277.5 197.5 233.1 163.5 190.5 1.24 1.03 1.31 0.95 0.90 1.26 1.07 1.52 1.31
B100L T 300 925 39 1 2.92 223 206.8 248.2 193.9 272.3 288.8 183.5 232.2 165.4 193.6 1.08 0.90 1.15 0.82 0.77 1.22 0.96 1.35 1.15
B100L-R T 300 925 39 1 2.92 235 206.8 248.2 194.2 272.3 288.8 183.6 232.2 165.4 193.6 1.14 0.95 1.21 0.86 0.81 1.28 1.01 1.42 1.21
B100B T 300 925 39 1 2.92 204 206.8 248.2 194.3 272.3 288.8 197.3 232.2 165.4 193.6 0.99 0.82 1.05 0.75 0.71 1.03 0.88 1.23 1.05
BN100 V 300 925 37 0.75 2.92 192 184.6 221.5 173.0 259.7 281.3 202.1 216.9 142.2 165.9 1.04 0.87 1.11 0.74 0.68 0.95 0.89 1.35 1.16
BN50 T 300 450 37 0.81 3 131.7 104.8 125.8 102.1 126.7 136.9 116.8 124.5 88.6 95.8 1.26 1.05 1.29 1.04 0.96 1.13 1.06 1.49 1.37
Collins
Kuchma BN25 T 300 225 37 0.88 3 72.9 62.8 75.4 59.8 63.7 68.4 71.2 65.1 56.5 58.5 1.16 0.97 1.22 1.14 1.07 1.02 1.12 1.29 1.25
(1999)
BN12 T 300 110 37 0.9 3.07 40 37.4 38.2 32.3 31.1 33.5 37.6 37.6 34.3 35.1 1.07 1.05 1.24 1.28 1.20 1.06 1.06 1.16 1.14
SE100A-45 V 295 920 50 1.03 2.5 200.8 222.1 266.5 223.1 306.1 319.8 242.0 225.6 169.5 202.1 0.90 0.75 0.90 0.66 0.63 0.83 0.89 1.18 0.99
SE100A-45-R T 295 920 50 1.03 2.5 235.7 222.1 266.5 222.4 306.1 319.8 242.0 225.6 169.5 202.1 1.06 0.88 1.06 0.77 0.74 0.97 1.04 1.39 1.17
SE50A-45 T 169 459 53 1.03 2.72 68.6 73.3 87.9 73.8 88.6 94.1 77.7 77.7 61.8 66.5 0.94 0.78 0.93 0.77 0.73 0.88 0.88 1.11 1.03
SE50A-45-R T 169 459 53 1.03 2.72 80.5 73.3 87.9 73.2 88.6 94.1 77.7 77.7 61.8 66.5 1.10 0.92 1.10 0.91 0.86 1.04 1.04 1.30 1.21
SE100A-83 T 295 920 86 1.03 2.5 184 236.0 319.3 143.3 356.3 378.4 164.3 210.0 170.1 209.6 0.78 0.58 1.28 0.52 0.49 1.12 0.88 1.08 0.88
SE50A-83 V 169 459 91 1.03 2.72 73.1 76.4 105.3 64.3 100.7 108.2 76.9 85.4 66.9 68.1 0.96 0.69 1.14 0.73 0.68 0.95 0.86 1.09 1.07
C.2

ANN
mm mm MPa % KN 11-5 11-3 11-5 11-3
B100H V 300 925 98 1 2.92 193 238.7 337.4 225.5 356.5 387.0 264.4 207.4 167.5 211.0 0.81 0.57 0.86 0.54 0.50 0.73 0.93 1.15 0.91
B100HE T 300 925 98 1 2.92 217 238.7 337.4 225.3 356.5 387.0 261.4 207.4 167.5 211.0 0.91 0.64 0.96 0.61 0.56 0.83 1.05 1.30 1.03
Collins BH100 T 300 925 99 0.75 2.92 193 216.9 307.6 204.7 350.3 387.0 257.3 191.1 144.8 182.7 0.89 0.63 0.94 0.55 0.50 0.75 1.01 1.33 1.06
Kuchma
(1999) BH50 T 300 450 99 0.81 3 131.7 123.2 174.6 125.1 170.7 188.2 144.7 132.9 104.7 105.6 1.07 0.75 1.05 0.77 0.70 0.91 0.99 1.26 1.25
BH25 T 300 225 99 0.88 3 84.8 73.8 104.6 81.3 85.8 94.1 82.3 84.4 77.0 64.4 1.15 0.81 1.04 0.99 0.90 1.03 1.01 1.10 1.32
BRL100 T 300 925 94 0.5 2.92 163 189.5 264.1 172.7 344.1 387.0 209.0 178.5 119.3 149.2 0.86 0.62 0.94 0.47 0.42 0.78 0.91 1.37 1.09
A8 T 127 208 60.8 1.77 3 48.92 37.2 44.8 34.9 33.4 34.3 41.8 41.7 38.0 36.5 1.32 1.09 1.40 1.46 1.43 1.17 1.17 1.29 1.34
A1 T 127 203 60.8 3.93 4 57.83 38.0 45.8 38.8 34.5 33.5 41.9 56.1 50.4 48.3 1.52 1.26 1.49 1.68 1.73 1.38 1.03 1.15 1.20
A2 T 127 203 60.8 3.93 3 68.95 38.0 45.8 42.3 37.4 33.5 46.3 63.4 50.4 48.3 1.81 1.51 1.63 1.84 2.06 1.49 1.09 1.37 1.43
A3 T 127 203 60.8 3.93 2.7 68.95 38.0 45.8 43.4 38.9 33.5 47.6 65.7 50.4 48.3 1.81 1.51 1.59 1.77 2.06 1.45 1.05 1.37 1.43
B1 T 127 202 67 5.04 4 51.21 37.9 47.1 42.3 37.4 35.0 44.5 62.3 52.9 49.0 1.35 1.09 1.21 1.37 1.46 1.15 0.82 0.97 1.04
B2 T 127 202 67 5.04 3 68.94 37.9 47.1 45.7 41.1 35.0 48.9 70.5 52.9 49.0 1.82 1.46 1.51 1.68 1.97 1.41 0.98 1.30 1.41
Ahmad
Khaloo C1 T 127 184 64.3 6.64 4 54.28 35.3 42.5 45.2 35.6 31.2 44.5 54.8 48.9 45.4 1.54 1.28 1.20 1.52 1.74 1.22 0.99 1.11 1.20
Poveda C2 V 127 184 64.3 6.64 3 75.63 35.3 42.5 49.1 40.1 31.2 43.7 62.2 48.9 45.4 2.14 1.78 1.54 1.89 2.42 1.73 1.22 1.55 1.67
(1986)
C3 T 127 184 64.3 6.64 2.7 68.95 35.3 42.5 50.7 42.4 31.2 43.6 64.6 48.9 45.4 1.95 1.62 1.36 1.63 2.21 1.58 1.07 1.41 1.52
C7 T 127 207 64.3 3.26 4 45.39 38.6 47.4 38.1 35.0 35.1 45.8 52.9 52.4 49.3 1.18 0.96 1.19 1.30 1.29 0.99 0.86 0.87 0.92
C8 T 127 207 64.3 3.26 3 44.48 38.6 47.4 41.6 37.5 35.1 49.4 59.6 52.4 49.3 1.15 0.94 1.07 1.19 1.27 0.90 0.75 0.85 0.90
C9 T 127 207 64.3 3.26 2.7 45.39 38.6 47.4 42.8 38.8 35.1 50.4 61.7 52.4 49.3 1.18 0.96 1.06 1.17 1.29 0.90 0.74 0.87 0.92
B7 V 127 208 66.9 2.25 4 44.62 38.7 48.2 35.7 34.3 36.0 43.3 43.8 44.2 41.1 1.15 0.93 1.25 1.30 1.24 1.03 1.02 1.01 1.09
B8 T 127 208 66.9 2.25 3 46.7 38.7 48.2 38.9 36.0 36.0 47.2 49.4 44.2 41.1 1.21 0.97 1.20 1.30 1.30 0.99 0.95 1.06 1.14
Yoon N1-S T 375 655 36 2.8 3.23 249 238.0 285.6 254.1 263.4 245.6 168.2 299.9 263.5 295.3 1.05 0.87 0.98 0.95 1.01 1.48 0.83 0.94 0.84
Cook
M1-S T 375 655 67 2.8 3.23 296 282.1 351.3 293.1 340.1 335.1 205.6 307.0 293.3 331.9 1.05 0.84 1.01 0.87 0.88 1.44 0.96 1.01 0.89
Mitchell
(1996) H1-S T 375 655 87 2.8 3.23 327 282.1 383.2 292.0 346.4 342.5 219.5 307.4 295.9 331.9 1.16 0.85 1.12 0.94 0.95 1.49 1.06 1.10 0.99
Ahmad et al LNN-3 T 127 215.9 40.3 1.04 3 22.64 28.0 33.6 26.0 27.3 29.0 29.8 28.5 26.0 26.5 0.81 0.67 0.87 0.83 0.78 0.76 0.79 0.87 0.85
(1995) LHN-3 T 127 215.9 89.1 2.07 3 43.39 39.8 54.5 39.1 37.6 38.2 44.3 54.8 47.5 40.6 1.09 0.80 1.11 1.15 1.13 0.98 0.79 0.91 1.07
CTL-1 T 170 270 53.7 1.87 3 70.68 59.5 71.5 59.4 55.4 56.1 68.6 68.8 59.4 59.7 1.19 0.99 1.19 1.28 1.26 1.03 1.03 1.19 1.18
CTl-2 V 170 270 53.7 1.87 3 71.6 59.5 71.5 59.7 55.4 56.1 68.2 68.8 59.4 59.7 1.20 1.00 1.20 1.29 1.28 1.05 1.04 1.21 1.20
Kim
Park P1.0-1 T 170 272 53.7 1.01 3 58.26 48.8 58.5 50.2 52.4 56.5 57.1 54.1 43.8 44.2 1.19 1.00 1.16 1.11 1.03 1.02 1.08 1.33 1.32
(1994)
P1.0-2 T 170 272 53.7 1.01 3 56.41 48.8 58.5 50.4 52.4 56.5 57.0 54.1 43.8 44.2 1.16 0.96 1.12 1.08 1.00 0.99 1.04 1.29 1.28
P3.4-1 T 170 267 53.7 3.35 3 78.07 60.4 72.4 69.1 60.6 55.4 78.9 91.6 75.6 76.0 1.29 1.08 1.13 1.29 1.41 0.99 0.85 1.03 1.03
C.3

ANN
mm mm MPa % KN 11-5 11-3 11-5 11-3
P3.4-2 T 170 267 53.7 3.35 3 78.52 60.4 72.4 68.9 60.6 55.4 78.5 91.6 75.6 76.0 1.30 1.08 1.14 1.30 1.42 1.00 0.86 1.04 1.03
P4.6-1 T 170 255 53.7 4.68 3 89.73 58.3 69.9 71.8 62.8 52.9 76.0 98.2 73.3 73.3 1.54 1.28 1.25 1.43 1.69 1.18 0.91 1.22 1.22
P4.6-2 T 170 255 53.7 4.68 3 95.37 58.3 69.9 71.7 62.8 52.9 76.3 98.2 73.3 73.3 1.64 1.36 1.33 1.52 1.80 1.25 0.97 1.30 1.30
A4.5-1 V 170 270 53.7 1.87 4.5 66.55 59.5 71.5 52.4 52.3 56.1 61.1 59.8 59.4 59.7 1.12 0.93 1.27 1.27 1.19 1.09 1.11 1.12 1.11
A4.5-2 T 170 270 53.7 1.87 4.5 63.8 59.5 71.5 52.7 52.3 56.1 60.8 59.8 59.4 59.7 1.07 0.89 1.21 1.22 1.14 1.05 1.07 1.07 1.07
Kim
Park D142-1 T 170 142 53.7 1.87 3 41.03 36.8 40.4 33.0 29.1 29.5 41.9 48.6 39.0 37.1 1.11 1.02 1.24 1.41 1.39 0.98 0.84 1.05 1.11
(1994)
D142-2 T 170 142 53.7 1.87 3 39.34 36.8 40.4 33.0 29.1 29.5 41.9 48.6 39.0 37.1 1.07 0.97 1.19 1.35 1.33 0.94 0.81 1.01 1.06
D550-1 T 300 550 53.7 1.87 3 226.1 184.4 221.3 191.6 199.2 201.5 194.9 202.5 166.9 184.2 1.23 1.02 1.18 1.13 1.12 1.16 1.12 1.35 1.23
D550-2 T 300 550 53.7 1.87 3 214.5 184.4 221.3 191.5 199.2 201.5 195.0 202.5 166.9 184.2 1.16 0.97 1.12 1.08 1.06 1.10 1.06 1.29 1.16
D915-1 V 300 915 53.7 1.87 3 299.2 280.9 337.0 287.7 331.4 335.3 285.0 282.7 232.8 279.7 1.07 0.89 1.04 0.90 0.89 1.05 1.06 1.29 1.07
D915-2 T 300 915 53.7 1.87 3 332.1 280.9 337.0 286.3 331.4 335.3 286.3 282.7 232.8 279.7 1.18 0.99 1.16 1.00 0.99 1.16 1.17 1.43 1.19
I-4 38.1 40.6 46.8 1.65 3 3.24 3.2 2.4 2.0 1.7 1.8 2.7 2.5 2.7 1.02 1.37 1.65 1.87 1.84 1.22 1.28 1.22
I-5 38.1 40.6 46.8 1.65 3 2.95 3.2 2.4 2.0 1.7 1.8 2.7 2.5 2.7 0.93 1.24 1.50 1.70 1.67 1.11 1.17 1.11
I-6 38.1 40.6 46.8 1.65 3 3.09 3.2 2.4 2.0 1.7 1.8 2.7 2.5 2.7 0.97 1.30 1.57 1.79 1.75 1.16 1.22 1.16
I-7 38.1 81.2 46.8 1.65 3 5.49 5.1 4.7 3.9 3.5 3.5 5.3 5.1 5.1 1.08 1.16 1.40 1.59 1.56 1.03 1.09 1.07
I-8 38.1 81.2 46.8 1.65 3 5.58 5.1 4.7 3.9 3.5 3.5 5.3 5.1 5.1 1.10 1.18 1.42 1.61 1.58 1.05 1.10 1.09
I-9 38.1 81.2 46.8 1.65 3 5.18 5.1 4.7 3.9 3.5 3.5 5.3 5.1 5.1 1.02 1.09 1.32 1.50 1.47 0.97 1.02 1.01
I-10 38.1 162.5 46.8 1.65 3 9.07 8.3 9.5 7.2 6.9 7.1 8.9 8.5 8.4 1.09 0.96 1.26 1.31 1.28 1.02 1.07 1.08
I-11 38.1 162.5 46.8 1.65 3 9.78 8.3 9.5 7.2 6.9 7.1 8.9 8.5 8.4 1.17 1.03 1.36 1.41 1.39 1.10 1.15 1.17
Bazant I-12 38.1 162.5 46.8 1.65 3 10.14 8.3 9.5 7.2 6.9 7.1 8.9 8.5 8.4 1.22 1.07 1.41 1.46 1.44 1.14 1.19 1.21
Kazemi
(1991) II-4 38.1 41.2 46.1 1.62 3 2.93 3.2 2.4 2.0 1.7 1.8 2.7 2.5 2.7 0.92 1.23 1.48 1.68 1.65 1.10 1.16 1.10
II-5 38.1 41.2 46.1 1.62 3 2.69 3.2 2.4 2.0 1.7 1.8 2.7 2.5 2.7 0.85 1.13 1.36 1.55 1.51 1.01 1.06 1.01
II-6 38.1 41.2 46.1 1.62 3 3.18 3.2 2.4 2.0 1.7 1.8 2.7 2.5 2.7 1.00 1.34 1.60 1.83 1.79 1.19 1.26 1.20
II-7 38.1 82.5 46.1 1.62 3 5.4 5.1 4.8 4.0 3.5 3.6 5.3 5.1 5.1 1.06 1.13 1.36 1.55 1.52 1.01 1.07 1.06
II-8 38.1 82.5 46.1 1.62 3 5.02 5.1 4.8 4.0 3.5 3.6 5.3 5.1 5.1 0.99 1.05 1.27 1.44 1.41 0.94 0.99 0.98
II-9 38.1 82.5 46.1 1.62 3 4.44 5.1 4.8 4.0 3.5 3.6 5.3 5.1 5.1 0.87 0.93 1.12 1.27 1.25 0.83 0.88 0.87
II-10 38.1 165.1 46.1 1.62 3 7.29 8.3 9.5 7.2 7.0 7.1 8.9 8.5 8.4 0.87 0.76 1.01 1.05 1.02 0.82 0.86 0.87
II-11 38.1 165.1 46.1 1.62 3 8.38 8.3 9.5 7.2 7.0 7.1 8.9 8.5 8.4 1.00 0.88 1.16 1.20 1.18 0.94 0.99 1.00
II-12 38.1 165.1 46.1 1.62 3 8.2 8.3 9.5 7.3 7.0 7.1 8.9 8.5 8.4 0.98 0.86 1.13 1.18 1.15 0.92 0.97 0.98
C.4

ANN
mm mm MPa % KN 11-5 11-3 11-5 11-3
B21 T 150 221 77.8 1.82 3 67.93 46.4 60.7 43.0 44.8 46.2 46.5 60.3 51.1 45.7 1.46 1.12 1.58 1.52 1.47 1.46 1.13 1.33 1.49
B11 T 150 221 54 1.82 3 58.12 44.8 53.7 42.4 40.0 40.6 44.4 52.1 45.4 44.8 1.30 1.08 1.37 1.45 1.43 1.31 1.12 1.28 1.30
B13 V 150 207 54 3.23 4 70.46 44.0 52.8 43.0 38.3 38.0 45.8 60.9 56.6 55.4 1.60 1.34 1.64 1.84 1.85 1.54 1.16 1.24 1.27
B14 T 150 207 54 3.23 3 82.63 44.0 52.8 46.9 41.2 38.0 49.2 68.1 56.6 55.4 1.88 1.57 1.76 2.01 2.17 1.68 1.21 1.46 1.49
B23 T 150 207 77.8 3.23 4 77.82 45.6 59.6 43.7 42.8 43.3 48.0 71.0 65.6 58.0 1.71 1.31 1.78 1.82 1.80 1.62 1.10 1.19 1.34
B24 T 150 207 77.8 3.23 3 82.63 45.6 59.6 48.0 45.7 43.3 52.3 78.9 65.6 58.0 1.81 1.39 1.72 1.81 1.91 1.58 1.05 1.26 1.43
B33 T 150 207 58 3.23 4 68.01 45.0 54.1 44.2 39.5 39.4 46.9 62.5 58.8 57.0 1.51 1.26 1.54 1.72 1.73 1.45 1.09 1.16 1.19
Thorentfeldt B34 T 150 207 58 3.23 3 82.63 45.0 54.1 48.0 42.4 39.4 50.1 69.8 58.8 57.0 1.83 1.53 1.72 1.95 2.10 1.65 1.18 1.41 1.45
Drangsholt
(1990) B43 T 150 207 86.4 3.23 4 86.16 45.6 61.7 45.3 42.8 43.3 49.8 74.8 67.8 58.0 1.89 1.40 1.90 2.01 1.99 1.73 1.15 1.27 1.49
B44 T 150 207 86.4 3.23 3 107.2 45.6 61.7 50.1 45.7 43.3 54.4 82.8 67.8 58.0 2.35 1.74 2.14 2.34 2.47 1.97 1.29 1.58 1.85
B53 T 150 207 97.7 3.23 4 76.84 45.6 64.3 47.4 42.8 43.3 51.9 79.8 70.4 58.0 1.69 1.19 1.62 1.79 1.77 1.48 0.96 1.09 1.33
B54 T 150 207 97.7 3.23 3 77.72 45.6 64.3 52.2 45.7 43.3 56.7 88.0 70.4 58.0 1.71 1.21 1.49 1.70 1.80 1.37 0.88 1.10 1.34
B63 T 300 414 77.8 3.23 4 229.4 155.8 203.8 151.9 171.4 173.2 159.3 206.2 195.3 197.4 1.47 1.13 1.51 1.34 1.32 1.44 1.11 1.17 1.16
B64 T 300 414 77.8 3.23 3 280.7 155.8 203.8 174.3 182.8 173.2 176.5 214.9 195.3 197.4 1.80 1.38 1.61 1.54 1.62 1.59 1.31 1.44 1.42
B51 V 150 221 97.7 1.82 3 56.16 46.4 65.5 46.8 44.8 46.2 50.1 66.6 54.7 45.7 1.21 0.86 1.20 1.25 1.21 1.12 0.84 1.03 1.23
B61 T 300 442 77.8 1.82 3 180.3 159.0 208.1 149.0 179.2 184.9 155.4 172.8 152.2 156.0 1.13 0.87 1.21 1.01 0.98 1.16 1.04 1.18 1.16
1 T 150 137 28 2.75 5.93 28.7 26.0 28.3 20.3 17.5 18.1 23.5 31.0 30.5 32.8 1.10 1.01 1.41 1.64 1.58 1.22 0.92 0.94 0.88
2 T 150 137 25 2.73 3.93 28.6 25.1 27.3 21.9 18.0 17.1 26.6 38.3 29.0 31.6 1.14 1.05 1.31 1.59 1.67 1.08 0.75 0.99 0.90
3 T 150 137 25 2.8 3.02 32.7 25.1 27.3 23.2 19.6 17.1 28.7 43.2 29.0 31.6 1.30 1.20 1.41 1.67 1.91 1.14 0.76 1.13 1.03
4 T 156 270 27 2.74 3 65.1 44.4 53.3 45.9 41.2 36.5 55.6 64.0 51.7 55.7 1.47 1.22 1.42 1.58 1.78 1.17 1.02 1.26 1.17
5 V 151 270 27 2.84 4 55.4 43.0 51.6 41.1 36.9 35.3 50.4 56.2 50.1 53.9 1.29 1.07 1.35 1.50 1.57 1.10 0.99 1.11 1.03
6 V 155 270 30 2.66 6.46 53.6 45.7 54.9 37.9 36.2 38.2 45.3 44.3 53.6 57.2 1.17 0.98 1.41 1.48 1.40 1.18 1.21 1.00 0.94
Kani
Huggins 7 T 156 543 26 2.77 4 93.1 76.2 91.5 74.3 75.1 72.0 98.5 100.8 85.8 95.2 1.22 1.02 1.25 1.24 1.29 0.95 0.92 1.08 0.98
Wiltkopp 8 T 156 543 27 2.77 3.12 107.8 77.2 92.6 80.5 81.9 73.4 106.0 107.8 86.9 96.3 1.40 1.16 1.34 1.32 1.47 1.02 1.00 1.24 1.12
(1979)
9 V 156 543 26 2.72 6.84 84.6 76.2 91.5 60.8 68.5 72.0 79.1 79.8 85.8 95.2 1.11 0.93 1.39 1.24 1.18 1.07 1.06 0.99 0.89
10 V 154 1090 27 2.71 3 164.4 135.9 163.1 143.5 163.6 145.4 177.7 163.2 144.0 168.9 1.21 1.01 1.15 1.00 1.13 0.93 1.01 1.14 0.97
11 T 152 1090 30 2.72 3.98 158 139.0 166.8 122.1 155.6 151.2 157.7 155.8 146.3 172.3 1.14 0.95 1.29 1.02 1.04 1.00 1.01 1.08 0.92
12 T 155 1090 27 2.7 7 153.6 136.8 164.2 105.5 138.4 146.3 135.2 149.6 145.0 170.0 1.12 0.94 1.46 1.11 1.05 1.14 1.03 1.06 0.90
15 T 152 270 17 0.5 2.98 27.2 23.4 28.1 24.0 25.9 28.2 27.2 29.2 21.4 21.9 1.16 0.97 1.13 1.05 0.96 1.00 0.93 1.27 1.24
16 T 152 270 17 0.5 3.53 24.5 23.4 28.1 20.0 25.6 28.2 23.4 27.4 21.4 21.9 1.05 0.87 1.23 0.96 0.87 1.05 0.90 1.14 1.12
C.5

ANN
mm mm MPa % KN 11-5 11-3 11-5 11-3
17 T 152 270 28 0.5 3.47 25.4 27.6 33.1 20.0 32.4 36.2 24.6 30.4 22.6 24.2 0.92 0.77 1.27 0.78 0.70 1.03 0.83 1.12 1.05
20 T 152 270 35 0.5 2.57 33.6 29.7 35.7 28.0 36.9 40.5 35.2 35.7 24.1 25.4 1.13 0.94 1.20 0.91 0.83 0.95 0.94 1.39 1.33
21 T 152 270 35 0.5 3.52 24.9 29.7 35.7 20.0 36.1 40.5 24.7 32.1 24.1 25.4 0.84 0.70 1.25 0.69 0.62 1.01 0.78 1.03 0.98
23 V 152 270 17 0.8 3.96 30.2 27.3 32.8 24.9 26.1 28.2 30.7 29.2 27.1 27.8 1.10 0.92 1.21 1.16 1.07 0.99 1.03 1.12 1.09
24 T 152 270 17 0.8 5.02 27.3 27.3 32.8 19.3 25.6 28.2 24.6 25.7 27.1 27.8 1.00 0.83 1.42 1.07 0.97 1.11 1.06 1.01 0.98
28 T 152 270 17 0.8 2.48 35.6 27.3 32.8 30.4 28.0 28.2 39.2 34.6 27.1 27.8 1.30 1.09 1.17 1.27 1.26 0.91 1.03 1.31 1.28
29 T 152 270 17 0.8 3.02 32.5 27.3 32.8 27.9 27.0 28.2 35.4 32.6 27.1 27.8 1.19 0.99 1.16 1.21 1.15 0.92 1.00 1.20 1.17
30 T 152 270 17 0.8 2.99 32.8 27.3 32.8 28.4 27.0 28.2 36.0 32.7 27.1 27.8 1.20 1.00 1.16 1.21 1.16 0.91 1.00 1.21 1.18
Kani
Huggins 32 V 152 270 26 0.8 2.98 38.8 31.5 37.8 33.3 32.7 34.9 41.8 35.3 28.0 30.2 1.23 1.03 1.17 1.19 1.11 0.93 1.10 1.39 1.28
Wiltkopp 33 T 152 270 26 0.8 4.03 33.6 31.5 37.8 27.7 31.8 34.9 31.3 31.3 28.0 30.2 1.07 0.89 1.22 1.06 0.96 1.08 1.07 1.20 1.11
(1979)
34 T 152 270 26 0.8 2.5 41.5 31.5 37.8 33.6 33.6 34.9 43.6 37.2 28.0 30.2 1.32 1.10 1.24 1.23 1.19 0.95 1.12 1.48 1.37
35 T 152 270 26 0.8 2.53 44.6 31.5 37.8 34.4 33.6 34.9 47.0 37.0 28.0 30.2 1.42 1.18 1.30 1.33 1.28 0.95 1.20 1.59 1.48
36 T 152 270 26 0.8 5.08 25.7 31.5 37.8 23.8 31.3 34.9 24.9 27.6 28.0 30.2 0.82 0.68 1.08 0.82 0.74 1.03 0.93 0.92 0.85
37 T 152 270 26 0.8 5.05 27.9 31.5 37.8 22.0 31.3 34.9 23.9 27.7 28.0 30.2 0.89 0.74 1.27 0.89 0.80 1.17 1.01 1.00 0.92
38 V 152 270 26 0.8 2.49 43.3 31.5 37.8 34.2 33.7 34.9 43.8 37.2 28.0 30.2 1.37 1.15 1.27 1.29 1.24 0.99 1.16 1.55 1.43
39 T 152 270 26 0.8 2.49 39.4 31.5 37.8 34.1 33.7 34.9 44.1 37.2 28.0 30.2 1.25 1.04 1.16 1.17 1.13 0.89 1.06 1.41 1.30
42 V 152 270 26 0.8 3.01 39.3 31.5 37.8 31.5 32.7 34.9 38.5 35.2 28.0 30.2 1.25 1.04 1.25 1.20 1.13 1.02 1.12 1.41 1.30
43 T 152 270 26 0.8 3.96 32.6 31.5 37.8 27.6 31.8 34.9 30.0 31.5 28.0 30.2 1.03 0.86 1.18 1.03 0.93 1.09 1.03 1.17 1.08
H50/1 T 200 359 49.9 2.24 3.01 99.69 87.2 104.7 90.0 86.2 84.5 91.0 109.2 90.4 94.4 1.14 0.95 1.11 1.16 1.18 1.10 0.91 1.10 1.06
Cladera H60/1 T 200 359 60.8 2.24 3.01 108.1 92.8 111.8 95.0 93.7 93.3 97.0 114.0 94.9 98.0 1.17 0.97 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.11 0.95 1.14 1.10
(2002) H75/1 V 200 359 68.9 2.24 3.01 99.93 92.8 116.6 101.0 98.9 99.3 99.0 117.3 97.5 98.0 1.08 0.86 0.99 1.01 1.01 1.01 0.85 1.02 1.02
H100/1 T 200 359 87 2.24 3.01 117.9 92.8 126.0 110.0 99.5 100.1 100.0 124.0 101.8 98.0 1.27 0.94 1.07 1.18 1.18 1.18 0.95 1.16 1.20
ST1 T 360 278 52.5 1.57 2.88 128 120.7 144.9 120.8 117.9 120.9 128.6 113.1 116.6 118.0 1.06 0.88 1.06 1.09 1.06 1.00 1.13 1.10 1.08
ST2 T 360 278 52.5 1.57 2.88 119 120.7 144.9 121.4 117.9 120.9 128.2 113.1 116.6 118.0 0.99 0.82 0.98 1.01 0.98 0.93 1.05 1.02 1.01
Adebar ST3 T 290 278 49.3 1.95 2.88 108 102.4 122.9 100.9 95.2 94.3 135.7 109.9 102.8 104.6 1.05 0.88 1.07 1.13 1.14 0.80 0.98 1.05 1.03
Collins
(1996) ST8 T 290 278 46.2 1.95 2.88 81 100.2 120.2 57.4 92.6 91.3 62.8 108.5 100.8 103.3 0.81 0.67 1.41 0.87 0.89 1.29 0.75 0.80 0.78
ST16 T 290 178 51.5 3.04 4.49 74.3 74.8 87.1 68.8 60.6 61.7 77.4 80.6 96.6 94.2 0.99 0.85 1.08 1.23 1.20 0.96 0.92 0.77 0.79
ST23 V 290 278 58.9 1 2.88 90 87.0 104.4 89.1 95.7 103.1 101.5 89.2 77.5 77.6 1.03 0.86 1.01 0.94 0.87 0.89 1.01 1.16 1.16
Johnson 6 T 305 610 55.8 2.49 3.1 191.3 211.3 253.6 201.3 236.4 231.6 205.7 251.8 210.7 236.8 0.91 0.75 0.95 0.81 0.83 0.93 0.78 0.91 0.81
C.6

ANN
mm mm MPa % KN 11-5 11-3 11-5 11-3
Ahmad et al B7H T 102 178 76.6 1.39 3.7 24.51 24.5 31.0 19.1 23.3 25.3 20.4 26.0 26.7 23.1 1.00 0.79 1.28 1.05 0.97 1.20 0.94 0.92 1.06
(1995) B8H T 102 178 79.3 1.39 3.7 19.79 24.5 31.3 15.6 23.3 25.3 16.6 26.6 27.0 23.1 0.81 0.63 1.27 0.85 0.78 1.19 0.74 0.73 0.86
Xie et al. NNN-3 V 127 215.9 37.7 2.07 3 36.68 34.1 40.9 32.5 28.9 28.1 37.1 38.4 35.8 37.0 1.08 0.90 1.13 1.27 1.31 0.99 0.95 1.02 0.99
(1994) NHN-3 T 127 215.9 98.9 2.07 3 45.72 39.8 56.4 40.5 37.6 38.2 46.2 57.9 48.9 40.6 1.15 0.81 1.13 1.21 1.20 0.99 0.79 0.93 1.13
LR-2.59-NS V 101.6 171.4 53.7 1.45 2.59 26.68 23.2 26.8 22.6 21.0 21.3 27.5 25.1 23.2 22.4 1.15 1.00 1.18 1.27 1.25 0.97 1.06 1.15 1.19
Salandra LR-3.63-NS T 101.6 171.4 52.1 1.45 3.63 21.79 23.0 26.5 20.0 19.6 20.9 23.9 21.0 22.9 22.2 0.95 0.82 1.09 1.11 1.04 0.91 1.04 0.95 0.98
Ahmad
(1989) HR-3.63-NS T 101.6 171.4 69.1 1.45 3.63 20.02 24.1 29.1 21.5 22.3 24.1 22.8 24.8 25.5 22.9 0.83 0.69 0.93 0.90 0.83 0.88 0.81 0.78 0.87
HR-2.59-NS T 101.6 171.4 66.8 1.45 2.59 29.8 24.1 28.8 24.2 23.1 23.7 25.7 28.3 25.2 22.9 1.24 1.04 1.23 1.29 1.26 1.16 1.05 1.18 1.30
B4JL20-S T 102 152 41.9 1.37 5 19.52 19.3 21.5 14.6 15.2 16.7 18.1 14.9 19.0 19.0 1.01 0.91 1.34 1.28 1.17 1.08 1.31 1.03 1.03
Kulkarni
Shah B3NO15-S T 102 152 43 1.37 4 22.66 19.4 21.7 15.7 15.7 16.9 19.5 17.9 19.2 19.1 1.17 1.04 1.44 1.44 1.34 1.16 1.27 1.18 1.18
(1998)
B3NO30-S T 102 152 45 1.37 3.5 24.24 19.7 22.0 16.8 16.3 17.3 20.7 19.8 19.5 19.3 1.23 1.10 1.44 1.49 1.40 1.17 1.22 1.24 1.26
V10HC T 202 306 40.2 2.88 3.27 88.86 72.4 86.8 75.6 69.4 65.3 97.7 102.3 86.4 90.3 1.23 1.02 1.18 1.28 1.36 0.91 0.87 1.03 0.98
González V10HCS T 203 306 46.77 2.87 3.27 100.5 76.5 91.8 79.8 74.2 70.8 92.5 106.1 91.7 94.6 1.31 1.10 1.26 1.36 1.42 1.09 0.95 1.10 1.06
(2002) V10HR T 200 305 39.65 2.93 3.28 90.64 71.1 85.4 75.0 68.3 64.0 96.4 101.5 84.9 88.8 1.27 1.06 1.21 1.33 1.42 0.94 0.89 1.07 1.02
V10HRS T 199 305 41.45 2.93 3.28 83.88 71.8 86.2 76.2 69.2 65.1 92.6 101.9 86.1 89.7 1.17 0.97 1.10 1.21 1.29 0.91 0.82 0.97 0.94
V beam used for the verification process of the ANN Average 1.23 1.02 1.28 1.28 1.29 1.13 1.00 1.15 1.13
T beam used for the training process of the ANN Standard deviation 0.29 0.23 0.22 0.34 0.40 0.23 0.13 0.18 0.19
Coef. of variation 23.61 22.03 16.80 26.36 31.21 20.00 12.75 15.73 16.42
C.7
Beams with stirrups Vpred (KN) Vtest/Vpred
ANN
b d fc ρl ρw Vtest ACI ACI ACI ACI
Author ID a/d EHE EC-2 LRFD Resp ANN 6.2.2 6.2.3 6.2.4 EHE EC-2 LRFD Resp ANN 6.2.2 6.2.3 6.2.4
mm mm MPa % MPa KN 11-5 11-3 11-5 11-3
DB120M T 300 925 21 1 0.46 2.7 282 254 285 361 337 339 346 282 304 284 293 1.11 0.99 0.78 0.84 0.83 0.82 1.00 0.93 0.99 0.96
DB140M T 300 925 38 1 0.46 2.7 277 285 285 399 399 412 346 327 322 306 317 0.97 0.97 0.69 0.69 0.67 0.80 0.85 0.86 0.91 0.87
Angelakos
DB165M V 300 925 65 1 0.46 2.7 452 313 285 395 474 500 415 380 339 327 336 1.44 1.58 1.14 0.95 0.90 1.09 1.19 1.33 1.38 1.35
(1999)
DB180M T 300 925 80 1 0.46 2.7 395 313 285 395 487 514 415 396 346 337 344 1.26 1.38 1.00 0.81 0.77 0.95 1.00 1.14 1.17 1.15
DB0530M T 300 925 32 0.5 0.46 2.7 263 242 285 207 365 389 244 264 250 250 264 1.09 0.92 1.27 0.72 0.68 1.08 1.00 1.05 1.05 1.00
N1-N T 375 655 36 2.8 0.34 3.23 457 274 190 312 348 330 339 421 410 368 346 1.67 2.40 1.47 1.31 1.38 1.35 1.09 1.12 1.24 1.32
N2-S V 375 655 36 2.8 0.34 3.23 363 274 190 417 348 330 336 421 410 368 346 1.32 1.91 0.87 1.04 1.10 1.08 0.86 0.89 0.99 1.05
N2-N T 375 655 36 2.8 0.47 3.23 483 303 261 464 380 362 424 491 461 416 397 1.59 1.85 1.04 1.27 1.33 1.14 0.98 1.05 1.16 1.22
Yoon M2-S T 375 655 67 2.8 0.47 3.23 552 340 261 546 456 451 516 521 507 465 431 1.63 2.11 1.01 1.21 1.22 1.07 1.06 1.09 1.19 1.28
Cook
M2-N T 375 655 67 2.8 0.69 3.23 689 387 380 604 509 504 636 644 586 546 512 1.78 1.81 1.14 1.35 1.37 1.08 1.07 1.18 1.26 1.34
Mitchell
(1996) H1-N T 375 655 87 2.8 0.34 3.23 483 311 190 546 431 427 436 450 474 439 393 1.55 2.54 0.88 1.12 1.13 1.11 1.07 1.02 1.10 1.23
H2-S V 375 655 87 2.8 0.6 3.23 598 368 333 612 494 490 605 592 576 537 497 1.62 1.80 0.98 1.21 1.22 0.99 1.01 1.04 1.11 1.20
H2-N T 375 655 87 2.8 0.99 3.23 721 454 547 720 589 585 750 802 697 676 637 1.59 1.32 1.00 1.22 1.23 0.96 0.90 1.03 1.07 1.13
M I-N T 375 655 67 2.8 0.34 3.23 405 311 190 338 425 420 409 450 453 416 378 1.30 2.13 1.20 0.95 0.97 0.99 0.90 0.89 0.97 1.07
SE50A-M-69 T 169 459 75 1.03 0.65 2.72 139 109 114 143 151 159 142 121 125 125 137 1.27 1.22 0.97 0.92 0.88 0.98 1.15 1.11 1.11 1.01
Collins
Kuchma SE100A-M-69 T 295 920 71 1.03 0.78 5 516 388 478 537 549 591 499 542 453 452 459 1.33 1.08 0.96 0.94 0.87 1.03 0.95 1.14 1.14 1.13
(1999)
BM100 T 300 925 47 0.75 0.36 2.92 342 255 222 377 389 416 340 292 252 248 261 1.34 1.54 0.91 0.88 0.82 1.01 1.17 1.36 1.38 1.31
ST4 T 290 278 49.3 1.95 0.47 2.88 158 120 86 161 133 132 165 164 155 144 154 1.32 1.84 0.98 1.18 1.19 0.96 0.96 1.02 1.09 1.03
ST5 V 290 278 49.3 1.95 0.96 2.88 169 155 175 186 173 172 219 205 205 202 201 1.09 0.97 0.91 0.98 0.98 0.77 0.82 0.82 0.84 0.84
Adebar
Collins ST6 T 290 278 49.3 1.95 1.2 2.88 230 175 218 226 192 191 247 220 226 226 223 1.32 1.05 1.02 1.20 1.20 0.93 1.05 1.02 1.02 1.03
(1996)
ST18 T 290 278 49.8 1.95 0.92 2.88 246 152 167 194 170 169 215 203 202 197 199 1.62 1.48 1.27 1.45 1.46 0.93 1.22 1.22 1.25 1.24
ST19 T 290 278 50.8 1.95 0.92 2.88 201 153 167 195 171 170 216 204 202 198 199 1.32 1.21 1.03 1.18 1.19 0.93 0.99 1.00 1.02 1.01
Tan 1-2.00/2.50 T 110 448 74.1 2 1.85 2.79 195 164 205 178 159 160 209 173 176 176 171 1.19 0.95 1.10 1.22 1.22 0.93 1.12 1.11 1.11 1.14
Kong 2-2.58/0.25 V 110 443 54.7 2.58 2.39 2.82 155 210 262 167 180 177 199 204 203 203 191 0.74 0.59 0.93 0.86 0.88 0.78 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.81
Teng
Weng 4-5.80/2.50 T 110 398 74.1 5.8 2.58 3.14 265 203 254 189 185 174 239 273 234 217 207 1.30 1.04 1.40 1.43 1.52 1.11 0.97 1.13 1.22 1.28
(1997) G-2.70-5.38 T 110 463 42.8 1.23 1.85 2.7 105 170 212 135 148 150 135 106 156 156 141 0.62 0.50 0.78 0.71 0.70 0.78 0.99 0.67 0.67 0.74
Kong S1-1 T 250 292 63.6 2.8 0.85 2.5 228 138 140 205 169 159 233 247 217 202 200 1.65 1.63 1.11 1.35 1.43 0.98 0.93 1.05 1.13 1.14
Rangan S1-2 T 250 292 63.6 2.8 0.85 2.5 208 138 140 205 169 159 234 247 217 202 200 1.51 1.49 1.02 1.23 1.31 0.89 0.84 0.96 1.03 1.04
(1998)
S1-3 T 250 292 63.6 2.8 0.85 2.5 206 138 140 205 169 159 233 247 217 202 200 1.49 1.47 1.01 1.22 1.29 0.88 0.84 0.95 1.02 1.03
C.8
ANN
mm mm MPa % MPa KN 11-5 11-3 11-5 11-3
S1-4 V 250 292 63.6 2.8 0.85 2.5 278 138 140 205 169 159 248 247 218 202 200 2.01 1.98 1.36 1.65 1.74 1.13 1.13 1.28 1.38 1.39
S1-5 T 250 292 63.6 2.8 0.85 2.5 253 138 140 205 169 159 233 247 217 202 200 1.83 1.81 1.24 1.50 1.59 1.09 1.03 1.16 1.25 1.26
S1-6 T 250 292 63.6 2.8 0.85 2.5 224 138 140 205 169 159 233 247 217 202 200 1.62 1.60 1.09 1.33 1.41 0.96 0.91 1.03 1.11 1.12
S2-1 T 250 292 72.5 2.8 0.57 2.5 260 120 93 185 152 143 171 229 193 176 181 2.18 2.79 1.41 1.71 1.82 1.52 1.14 1.35 1.48 1.44
S2-2 T 250 292 72.5 2.8 0.68 2.5 233 127 112 196 160 152 189 241 205 189 191 1.83 2.07 1.19 1.45 1.53 1.23 0.96 1.13 1.23 1.22
S2-3 T 250 292 72.5 2.8 0.85 2.5 253 138 140 212 173 164 218 258 221 205 205 1.83 1.81 1.19 1.46 1.54 1.16 0.98 1.15 1.23 1.24
S2-4 T 250 292 72.5 2.8 0.85 2.5 219 138 140 212 173 164 217 258 221 205 205 1.59 1.57 1.03 1.27 1.34 1.01 0.85 0.99 1.07 1.07
S2-5 V 250 292 72.5 2.8 1.14 2.5 282 157 187 237 194 185 269 279 245 230 228 1.80 1.51 1.19 1.46 1.53 1.05 1.01 1.15 1.23 1.24
S3-2 T 250 297 67.4 1.65 0.57 2.49 178 116 95 171 143 144 172 184 149 140 151 1.53 1.87 1.04 1.24 1.24 1.03 0.97 1.19 1.28 1.18
S3-3 T 250 293 67.4 2.79 0.57 2.49 229 120 94 189 151 142 193 223 191 174 179 1.91 2.44 1.21 1.51 1.61 1.19 1.02 1.19 1.32 1.27
S3-4 T 250 293 67.4 2.79 0.57 2.49 175 120 94 189 151 142 193 223 191 174 179 1.46 1.87 0.93 1.16 1.23 0.91 0.78 0.91 1.01 0.97
S4-4 T 250 292 87.3 2.8 0.85 2.5 258 138 140 221 173 164 217 272 225 210 211 1.87 1.84 1.17 1.49 1.57 1.19 0.95 1.15 1.23 1.22
S4-6 T 250 198 87.3 2.78 0.85 2.53 203 99 95 221 117 111 147 206 161 152 151 2.05 2.13 0.92 1.74 1.82 1.38 0.99 1.26 1.34 1.34
S5-1 V 250 292 89.4 2.8 0.85 3.01 242 138 140 213 167 164 230 250 219 211 211 1.75 1.72 1.13 1.45 1.47 1.05 0.97 1.10 1.15 1.14
Kong S5-2 T 250 292 89.4 2.8 0.85 2.74 260 138 140 218 170 164 236 263 222 211 211 1.88 1.85 1.19 1.53 1.58 1.10 0.99 1.17 1.23 1.23
Rangan
(1998) S5-3 T 250 292 89.4 2.8 0.85 2.5 244 138 140 223 173 164 218 273 226 211 211 1.76 1.74 1.09 1.41 1.49 1.12 0.89 1.08 1.16 1.15
S6-3 T 250 293 68.9 2.79 0.45 2.73 178 112 74 147 140 134 177 206 175 161 166 1.59 2.39 1.21 1.27 1.33 1.01 0.86 1.02 1.11 1.07
S6-4 T 250 293 68.9 2.79 0.45 2.73 214 112 74 147 140 134 177 206 175 161 166 1.91 2.88 1.46 1.53 1.59 1.21 1.04 1.22 1.33 1.29
S6-5 T 250 299 68.9 3.69 0.44 2.64 297 114 74 161 151 136 181 242 205 188 186 2.62 4.00 1.84 1.97 2.18 1.64 1.23 1.45 1.58 1.60
S6-6 V 250 299 68.9 3.69 0.44 2.64 287 114 74 161 151 136 181 242 205 188 186 2.53 3.86 1.78 1.91 2.10 1.59 1.19 1.40 1.53 1.54
S7-1 T 250 294 74.8 4.46 0.43 3.3 217 111 72 142 144 134 171 240 209 196 191 1.95 3.03 1.53 1.51 1.62 1.27 0.91 1.04 1.11 1.14
S7-2 T 250 294 74.8 4.46 0.52 3.3 205 117 86 148 150 141 192 248 218 204 203 1.75 2.39 1.39 1.37 1.46 1.07 0.83 0.94 1.01 1.01
S7-3 T 250 294 74.8 4.46 0.65 3.3 247 126 107 218 160 150 220 258 231 216 216 1.96 2.29 1.13 1.54 1.64 1.12 0.96 1.07 1.14 1.14
S7-4 T 250 294 74.8 4.46 0.82 3.3 274 137 136 238 173 163 256 270 247 231 231 2.00 2.01 1.15 1.58 1.68 1.07 1.01 1.11 1.19 1.18
S7-5 T 250 294 74.8 4.46 0.95 3.3 304 146 158 252 182 173 277 277 259 242 242 2.09 1.93 1.21 1.67 1.76 1.10 1.10 1.17 1.26 1.26
S7-6 T 250 294 74.8 4.46 1.13 3.3 311 157 186 270 195 185 308 284 274 257 257 1.98 1.67 1.15 1.59 1.68 1.01 1.10 1.13 1.21 1.21
S8-1 V 250 292 74.6 2.8 0.57 2.5 272 120 93 187 152 143 161 232 194 177 182 2.27 2.91 1.46 1.79 1.90 1.69 1.18 1.40 1.54 1.50
S8-2 T 250 292 74.6 2.8 0.68 2.5 251 127 112 198 160 152 182 244 206 190 192 1.97 2.24 1.27 1.56 1.66 1.38 1.03 1.22 1.32 1.31
S8-3 T 250 292 74.6 2.8 0.68 2.5 310 127 111 211 160 151 220 243 205 189 191 2.44 2.78 1.47 1.93 2.05 1.41 1.27 1.51 1.64 1.62
S8-4 T 250 292 74.6 2.8 0.85 2.5 266 138 140 214 173 164 220 260 221 206 206 1.92 1.90 1.24 1.54 1.62 1.21 1.02 1.20 1.29 1.29
C.9
ANN
mm mm MPa % MPa KN 11-5 11-3 11-5 11-3
Kong et al. S8-5 T 250 292 74.6 2.8 1.08 2.5 289 153 178 233 190 181 254 278 241 226 224 1.89 1.63 1.24 1.53 1.60 1.14 1.04 1.20 1.28 1.29
(1998) S8-6 T 250 292 74.6 2.8 1.25 2.5 284 165 206 247 202 193 284 288 255 241 238 1.73 1.38 1.15 1.41 1.47 1.00 0.99 1.11 1.18 1.19
1 T 305 539 36.4 2.49 0.73 3.1 338 246 271 341 296 286 389 369 361 334 341 1.37 1.25 0.99 1.14 1.18 0.87 0.92 0.94 1.01 0.99
2 T 305 539 36.4 2.49 0.37 3.1 222 192 136 212 235 225 259 238 274 247 252 1.16 1.64 1.05 0.95 0.99 0.86 0.93 0.81 0.90 0.88
3 T 305 539 72.3 2.49 0.34 3.1 262 212 124 340 285 284 328 269 297 274 266 1.24 2.12 0.77 0.92 0.92 0.80 0.98 0.88 0.96 0.99
Jonhson
Ramirez 4 V 305 539 72.3 2.49 0.34 3.1 316 212 124 340 285 284 329 269 297 274 266 1.49 2.55 0.93 1.11 1.11 0.96 1.18 1.06 1.15 1.19
(1989)
5 T 305 539 55.8 2.49 0.73 3.1 383 268 271 379 329 325 455 401 384 360 363 1.43 1.41 1.01 1.16 1.18 0.84 0.95 1.00 1.06 1.05
7 T 305 539 51.2 2.49 0.37 3.1 280 209 136 232 262 256 292 259 289 264 264 1.34 2.07 1.21 1.07 1.09 0.96 1.08 0.97 1.06 1.06
8 T 305 539 51.2 2.49 0.37 3.1 258 209 136 232 262 256 293 259 289 264 264 1.24 1.90 1.11 0.99 1.01 0.88 1.00 0.89 0.98 0.98
ACI56 T 150 310 58 3.45 0.33 5 93.6 65 35 88 73 74 88 89 102 100 98 1.44 2.70 1.06 1.28 1.26 1.07 1.05 0.92 0.94 0.96
TH56 T 150 310 63 3.45 0.41 5 104 69 43 98 79 80 101 94 109 107 106 1.50 2.42 1.06 1.32 1.29 1.02 1.10 0.95 0.97 0.97
ACI36 V 150 310 75 2.59 0.33 3 105 66 35 100 81 80 92 130 96 90 91 1.61 3.04 1.05 1.29 1.31 1.14 0.81 1.09 1.17 1.16
TH36 T 150 310 75 2.59 0.41 3 141 69 43 104 85 84 104 137 102 96 98 2.05 3.30 1.36 1.66 1.68 1.36 1.03 1.38 1.47 1.44
Ozcebe TS36 T 150 310 75 2.59 0.59 3 156 76 61 114 93 92 128 152 116 109 112 2.04 2.54 1.37 1.67 1.69 1.22 1.03 1.35 1.44 1.39
Ersoy
ACI39 T 150 310 73 3.08 0.33 3 112 66 35 102 83 80 92 140 106 98 97 1.71 3.22 1.10 1.34 1.39 1.22 0.80 1.06 1.14 1.15
Tankut
(1999) TH39 T 150 310 73 3.08 0.51 3 143 73 53 112 92 89 119 156 120 112 113 1.96 2.68 1.28 1.56 1.61 1.20 0.92 1.19 1.28 1.27
TS39 T 150 310 73 3.08 0.69 3 179 81 72 122 100 97 142 172 132 124 125 2.23 2.49 1.47 1.79 1.85 1.26 1.04 1.36 1.44 1.43
ACI59 T 150 310 82 4.43 0.55 5 96.5 75 58 73 90 91 92 114 134 132 132 1.29 1.67 1.33 1.07 1.07 1.05 0.85 0.72 0.73 0.73
TH59 T 150 310 75 4.43 0.77 5 119 84 80 74 100 100 107 120 144 142 141 1.43 1.49 1.62 1.19 1.19 1.11 0.99 0.83 0.84 0.84
TS59 T 150 310 82 4.43 1.15 5 125 100 120 81 118 118 138 129 165 164 163 1.26 1.04 1.54 1.06 1.06 0.91 0.97 0.76 0.76 0.77
1 T 356 559 120 1.64 0.33 2.5 297 242 148 283 340 343 330 276 324 301 279 1.23 2.01 1.05 0.87 0.87 0.90 1.08 0.92 0.99 1.07
6 T 457 871 72.4 1.52 0.36 3 666 460 322 758 671 698 616 637 537 500 470 1.45 2.06 0.88 0.99 0.95 1.08 1.05 1.24 1.33 1.42
Roller 7 V 457 871 72.4 1.65 0.7 3 788 591 626 902 810 833 848 853 738 716 678 1.33 1.26 0.87 0.97 0.95 0.93 0.92 1.07 1.10 1.16
Russell
(1990) 8 T 457 762 125 1.88 0.39 3 483 439 303 447 607 621 644 526 605 572 494 1.10 1.59 1.08 0.80 0.78 0.75 0.92 0.80 0.84 0.98
9 T 457 762 125 2.35 0.72 3 749 552 568 528 739 738 986 792 836 804 714 1.36 1.32 1.42 1.01 1.01 0.76 0.95 0.90 0.93 1.05
10 T 457 762 125 2.88 1.07 3 1172 669 837 1149 874 858 1221 1020 1042 999 927 1.75 1.40 1.02 1.34 1.37 0.96 1.15 1.12 1.17 1.26
H50/2 T 200 353 49.9 2.28 0.58 3.06 178 108 92 138 125 124 162 158 150 141 149 1.64 1.94 1.29 1.42 1.43 1.10 1.12 1.18 1.26 1.19
Cladera
H50/3 V 200 351 49.9 2.29 1.29 3.08 242 163 204 179 175 173 228 239 207 206 200 1.48 1.19 1.35 1.39 1.40 1.06 1.01 1.17 1.17 1.21
(2002)
H50/4 T 200 351 49.9 2.99 1.29 3.08 246 163 204 197 179 173 259 266 228 220 215 1.51 1.21 1.25 1.38 1.42 0.95 0.93 1.08 1.12 1.15
C.10
ANN
mm mm MPa % MPa KN 11-5 11-3 11-5 11-3
H60/2 T 200 353 60.8 2.28 0.75 3.06 180 124 119 156 145 145 197 192 171 163 168 1.45 1.51 1.15 1.24 1.24 0.91 0.94 1.05 1.10 1.07
H60/3 T 200 351 60.8 2.29 1.27 3.08 259 160 200 182 180 180 229 251 211 210 206 1.62 1.29 1.42 1.43 1.44 1.13 1.03 1.23 1.23 1.26
H60/4 T 200 351 60.8 2.99 1.27 3.08 309 160 200 214 184 180 278 278 232 225 221 1.93 1.54 1.44 1.67 1.71 1.11 1.11 1.33 1.37 1.40
H75/2 T 200 353 68.9 2.28 0.75 3.06 204 124 119 160 150 150 206 201 174 167 171 1.65 1.72 1.27 1.36 1.36 0.99 1.01 1.17 1.22 1.19
Cladera
H75/3 T 200 351 68.9 2.29 1.27 3.08 269 160 200 185 185 186 230 260 214 214 210 1.68 1.35 1.46 1.45 1.45 1.17 1.03 1.26 1.26 1.28
(2002)
H75/4 T 200 351 68.9 2.99 1.27 3.08 255 160 200 206 189 186 284 286 236 229 226 1.59 1.28 1.24 1.35 1.37 0.90 0.89 1.08 1.11 1.13
H100/2 V 200 353 49.9 2.28 0.91 3.06 226 129 144 175 149 147 215 197 180 174 174 1.74 1.57 1.29 1.52 1.53 1.05 1.14 1.25 1.29 1.30
H100/3 T 200 351 49.9 2.29 1.29 3.08 254 163 204 192 175 173 229 239 207 206 200 1.56 1.24 1.32 1.45 1.46 1.11 1.06 1.23 1.23 1.26
H100/4 T 200 351 49.9 2.99 1.29 3.08 267 163 204 215 179 173 284 266 228 220 215 1.63 1.31 1.24 1.49 1.54 0.94 1.00 1.17 1.21 1.24
Lyngberg 5A-0 T 120 540 25.7 3.88 3.57 2.78 435 416 521 358 302 286 354 435 320 311 307 1.04 0.84 1.21 1.44 1.52 1.23 1.00 1.36 1.40 1.42
(1976) 5B-0 T 120 540 26.6 3.88 3.43 2.78 435 400 500 352 294 278 351 431 317 307 299 1.09 0.87 1.24 1.48 1.56 1.24 1.01 1.37 1.42 1.45
LNW-3 T 127 216 44.6 2.07 1.59 3 63.3 79 98 79 75 74 72 113 91 91 83 0.81 0.64 0.80 0.85 0.85 0.88 0.56 0.70 0.70 0.76
Ahmad
Khaloo LHW-3a T 127 198 88.1 4.54 2.73 3 107 124 155 141 109 104 116 114 144 141 134 0.86 0.69 0.76 0.99 1.03 0.92 0.94 0.74 0.76 0.80
Poveda LHW-3b T 127 198 86.9 4.54 3.28 3 121 149 186 128 122 118 145 111 155 155 147 0.81 0.65 0.94 0.99 1.03 0.83 1.09 0.78 0.78 0.82
(1994)
LHW-4 V 127 198 82.9 4.54 2.14 4 94.8 97 121 97 91 89 105 96 124 123 119 0.98 0.78 0.98 1.05 1.06 0.90 0.98 0.77 0.77 0.80
BL2-H T 180 233 75.7 2.81 0.49 4 138 68 46 104 77 79 126 128 104 102 105 2.03 3.00 1.33 1.79 1.75 1.10 1.08 1.33 1.35 1.32
BS2-H T 180 233 73.9 2.81 0.49 2.5 224 68 46 114 84 79 129 175 111 102 105 3.27 4.85 1.96 2.66 2.83 1.73 1.27 2.01 2.20 2.14
Sarsam BS4-H T 180 233 80.1 2.81 0.98 2.5 207 87 92 152 105 99 207 203 139 130 129 2.39 2.24 1.36 1.98 2.08 1.00 1.02 1.49 1.59 1.61
Al-Musawi
(1992) CL2-H T 180 233 70.1 3.5 0.49 4 147 68 46 106 79 79 130 134 116 113 113 2.16 3.19 1.39 1.86 1.86 1.13 1.10 1.27 1.31 1.30
CS3-H T 180 233 74.2 3.5 0.71 2.5 247 76 67 139 97 88 180 203 135 125 124 3.23 3.71 1.78 2.56 2.81 1.37 1.22 1.83 1.98 1.99
CS4-H T 180 233 75.7 3.5 0.98 2.5 221 87 92 158 108 99 214 212 150 139 137 2.55 2.39 1.40 2.05 2.22 1.03 1.04 1.47 1.59 1.61
HN-V2 T 200 303 41.9 2.99 1.15 3.3 213 125 157 152 139 135 193 200 185 179 174 1.70 1.36 1.40 1.53 1.58 1.10 1.06 1.15 1.19 1.22
Etxeberria
HN-V3 V 200 303 41.9 2.99 0.88 3.3 177 108 120 137 123 119 165 182 169 161 158 1.64 1.48 1.29 1.44 1.49 1.08 0.97 1.05 1.10 1.12
(2002)
HN-V4 T 200 303 41.9 2.99 0.63 3.3 188 94 85 120 107 103 131 162 149 139 143 1.99 2.20 1.56 1.75 1.82 1.43 1.16 1.26 1.35 1.32
V13HC V 199 307 37.7 2.9 1.05 3.25 190 116 144 172 131 127 198 189 176 169 165 1.64 1.32 1.11 1.45 1.50 0.96 1.01 1.08 1.12 1.16
V17HC T 199 306 39.1 2.92 0.8 3.27 151 103 110 153 117 112 170 172 161 151 151 1.47 1.38 0.98 1.29 1.34 0.89 0.88 0.94 1.00 1.00
González
V24HC T 195 306 39.2 2.99 0.6 3.27 128 90 81 132 103 98 137 155 143 133 137 1.42 1.59 0.97 1.25 1.30 0.93 0.83 0.89 0.96 0.93
(2002)
V13HCS V 200 308 42.8 2.9 1.05 3.25 220 119 146 177 136 132 208 197 181 174 170 1.84 1.51 1.24 1.62 1.67 1.06 1.12 1.22 1.26 1.29
V17HCS T 200 312 45.2 2.86 0.8 3.21 200 108 112 161 124 120 181 182 167 158 157 1.85 1.78 1.24 1.62 1.67 1.11 1.10 1.19 1.27 1.27
C.11
ANN
mm mm MPa % MPa KN 11-5 11-3 11-5 11-3
V24HCS T 200 302 43.7 2.95 0.6 3.3 150 93 82 135 107 103 140 161 147 137 141 1.61 1.84 1.11 1.41 1.46 1.07 0.93 1.02 1.10 1.06
V13HR T 200 307 40.5 2.9 1.05 3.26 234 118 145 175 134 130 203 193 179 172 168 1.98 1.61 1.34 1.75 1.80 1.15 1.21 1.31 1.36 1.39
V17HR T 200 306 41.5 2.91 0.8 3.27 177 104 110 155 119 115 173 175 163 153 153 1.70 1.61 1.14 1.49 1.54 1.02 1.01 1.09 1.15 1.16
González
V24HR T 201 306 39.2 2.9 0.6 3.27 164 93 83 134 105 101 138 156 145 135 140 1.77 1.98 1.22 1.56 1.63 1.19 1.05 1.13 1.22 1.18
(2002)
V13HRS T 199 305 41.4 2.93 1.05 3.28 202 117 143 174 133 129 204 193 178 171 167 1.73 1.41 1.16 1.52 1.57 0.99 1.05 1.14 1.18 1.21
V17HRS T 199 305 44.5 2.93 0.8 3.28 193 105 109 157 120 116 176 178 164 155 154 1.84 1.77 1.23 1.61 1.66 1.10 1.08 1.18 1.25 1.25
V24HRS T 199 307 43.2 2.91 0.6 3.25 147 94 82 137 108 104 142 161 147 137 141 1.57 1.79 1.08 1.37 1.42 1.04 0.92 1.00 1.08 1.04
V beam used for the verification process of the ANN Average 1.64 1.83 1.18 1.36 1.41 1.07 1.00 1.11 1.17 1.18
T beam used for the training process of the ANN Standard deviation 0.43 0.74 0.23 0.34 0.38 0.19 0.11 0.21 0.23 0.22
Coef. of variation 26.26 40.29 19.23 24.60 26.70 17.39 11.32 18.77 19.56 18.71
C.12
Annex D
ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS.

WEIGHTS AND BIASES
D.1 Artificial neural network for beams without

web reinforcement
D.2 Artificial neural network for beams with

stirrups
Annex D _______________________________________________________________________________________ Artificial Neural Networks. Weights and biases
D.1 Neural network for beams without web reinforcement

V max = 332.14 KN
V min = 19.52 KN
V(0,1) = (V/1000)0.5 +0.19
w1 = -0.893076 w6 = -0.570533
w2 = -1.54898 w7 = -0.746
w3 = -1.0605 w8 = -2.43069
w4 = -0.702269 w9 = -3.86389
w5 = -1.26859 w10 = 0.18364
b = 3.12337
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
wd = -1.16643 wd = -5.29031 wd = -1.69331 wd = -1.89707 wd = -0.952198 wd = -1.17959 wd = -0.489129 wd = -6.09842 wd = -1.15064 wd = -1.0649
wd/b = -0.851497 wd/b = 2.29086 wd/b = -0.407706 wd/b = -0.896448 wd/b = -0.279519 wd/b = -0.755014 wd/b = -1.03478 wd/b = 2.9231 wd/b = 2.43894 wd/b = -0.866182
wa/d = -1.14174 wa/d = 1.54225 wa/d = -0.531628 wa/d = -0.935355 wa/d = -0.148723 wa/d = -0.684801 wa/d = -0.591502 wa/d = 0.652743 wa/d = -0.453457 wa/d = -1.07025
wρ = -0.812702 wρ = 2.35619 wρ = -1.28291 wρ = -1.34001 wρ = -1.00006 wρ = -1.62083 wρ = -1.04351 wρ = 3.31007 wρ = -3.82087 wρ = -1.64119
wfc = -1.21618 wfc = -2.03084 wfc = -1.14743 wfc = -1.56355 wfc = -1.92064 wfc = -1.56705 wfc = -1.71509 wfc = -0.435807 wfc = 0.638965 wfc = -2.26632
b = -3.6866 b = 0.455842 b = -2.56407 b = -3.90888 b = -2.38613 b = -3.21647 b = -3.42182 b = -1.34084 b = 0.750771 b = -3.71732
d d/b a/d ρ fc
X(0,1) = 0.2 + 0.6 (X-Xmin)/(Xmax – Xmin)
dmax = 1090 mm d/b max = 7.17 a/d max = 7.86 ρmax = 6.64 % fc max = 101.8 MPa
dmin = 101.6 mm d/b min = 0.37 a/d min = 2.48 ρmin = 0.50 % fc min = 14.7 MPa
Annex D _______________________________________________________________________________________ Artificial Neural Networks. Weights and biases
D.2 Neural network for beams with stirrups V max = 1172.19 KN

V min = 63.28 KN
V(0,1) = (V/1000)0.5 -0.16
w1 = -2.04469 w6 = -1.51186
w2 = -4.18249 w7 = -2.50782
w3 = -3.08789 w8 = -3.83937
w4 = -5.33168 w9 = -1.4119
w5 = -1.22291
b = 6.53358
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
wd = 0.770817 wd = -0.269687 wd = 1.79334 wd = 1.95584 wd = -0.807175 wd = -0.635568 wd = 0.519066 wd = 1.89367 wd = -0.453219

wd/b = -1.08189 wd/b = -4.90503 wd/b = -0.602066 wd/b = -5.99883 wd/b = -1.33728 wd/b = -0.90407 wd/b = 0.0449735 wd/b = 2.82027 wd/b = -0.953029
wfc = -0.725258 wfc = 0.653115 wfc = -3.39229 wfc = 1.16148 wfc = -1.03479 wfc = -1.6569 wfc = -2.06399 wfc = 0.114879 wfc = -0.84513
wρl = 0.526092 wρl = 0.990783 wρl = -0.50501 wρl = -1.12308 wρl = -1.10604 wρl = -0.908442 wρl = -1.02561 wρl = -1.84182 wρl = -0.833695
wρw = -0.770525 wρw = 4.04426 wρw = 0.426658 wρw = -3.05167 wρw = -0.153821 wρw = 0.122296 wρw = 0.347151 wρw = -5.78223 wρw = -0.0827586
wa/d = 1.82722 wa/d = 1.20203 wa/d = -0.806749 wa/d = -0.0663466 wa/d = -0.655109 wa/d = -0.661498 wa/d = -1.64283 wa/d = 0.216378 wa/d = -0.930917
b = -1.55089 b = -2.28431 b = -0.344213 b = 3.999 b = -1.69293 b = -1.68781 b = -0.480114 b = -0.517081 b = -2.02606
d d/b fc ρl ρw a/d
X(0,1) = 0.2 + 0.6 (X-Xmin)/(Xmax – Xmin)
dmax = 925 mm d/b max = 4.5 fc max = 125.2 MPa ρl.max = 5.8 % ρw.max = 3.57 MPa a/d max = 5.00
dmin = 198 mm d/b min = 0.792 fc min = 21 MPa ρl.min = 0.50 % ρw.min = 0.33 MPa a/d min = 2.49
Annex E
NON LINEAR FINITE ELEMENT

ANALYSES
E.1 Introduction
E.2 Description of the Model
E.3 Comparison with Test Results
E.4 Influence of the bearing conditions

______________________________________________ Non Linear Finite Element Analyses
E.1 Introduction
Sixteen beam specimens tested for this thesis have been studied using a non linear finite
element model, Program Vector 2, developed by Prof. Vecchio and implemented in the
University of Toronto. The results from the analyses are briefly discussed in this annex.
Program Vector 2 is a non-linear finite element program based on an iterative, secant
stiffness approach, and it includes the constitutive formulation of the Disturbed Stress
Field Model (DSFM) developed by Vecchio (2000. 2001). The main features of the
DSFM have been described in §2.3.2.
Program Augustus, by Dr. Bentz from the University of Toronto, was used to post-
process the enormous amount of data generated by program Vector 2. The Figures
given in these annex were plotted using this post-processor.
E.2 Description of the Model
Figure E.1 shows the finite element model used for the analyses. A denser mesh was
used for elements without web reinforcement, as it was observed that for those beams
the failure shear strength obtained by the model was more influenced by the mesh size.
a)
b)
Figure E.1: Finite Element Model: a) Beams without web reinforcement. b) Beams with stirrups.
E.1
Annex E _____________________________________________________________________________
Four-nodded plane stress elements were used, as well as, truss bars to model the
longitudinal reinforcement. For beams without web reinforcement, the mesh consisted
of 777 rectangular concrete elements, 48 truss bar elements, and 884 nodes. For beams
with stirrups, it consisted of 243 rectangular smeared reinforced concrete elements, 24
truss bar elements and 280 nodes. Bearing and loading plates were modelled with a
stronger material. Concentrated loads were applied at the loading plate by means of
displacement control.
The actual concrete compressive and tensile strength obtained in the test were utilized,
and the stiffness of the concrete was computed by the relationship given by
Carrasquillo:
Ec = 3320 f ' c + 6900 MPa
Concrete compression pre-peak and post-peak response was calculated using Popovics’
expression, since beams specimens were made of high-strength concrete:
n(ε c / ε c1 )
σ c = f cm
n − 1 + (ε c / ε c1 )
nk
f cm
n = 0.8 +
17
si (ε c / ε c1 ) ≤ 1 ⇒ k = 1.0

k= f cm
 si (ε c / ε c1 ) ≤ 1 ⇒ k = 0 .67 +
62
f cm n
ε c1 =
Ec n − 1
Concrete compression softening model and tension stiffening model were accounted for
by Vecchio (1992) and Bentz (2002) models respectively. For the highest concrete
compressive strength considered, i.e. 87 MPa, the maximum aggregate size was taken
equal to 0, to take into account the reduction in aggregate interlock. For the other
concretes, the real maximum aggregate size (12 mm) was used in the model.
E.2
E.3 Comparison with Test Results
Table E.1 shows the results obtained from the Vector2 analyses. Predictions are
satisfactory, with an average of the ratio Vtest/Vvector2 equal to 0.98 and a standard
deviation of 0.07. Vector2 predictions are slightly unconservative, probably because the
aggregate interlock capacity of high-strength members is not yet absolutely determined.
Shear reinf. Long. Reinf.

fc fsp b d Vtest Vvect
Beam a/d Longitudinal Vtest/
Stirrup/spacing ρw
MPa MPa mm mm ρl (KN) (KN) Vvect
mm MPa reinforcement
H50/1 49.9 3.46 200 359 3.01 - 0 2φ32 2.24 100 97 1.03
H50/2 49.9 3.46 200 353 3.06 φ6/260 0.577 2φ32 2.28 178 177 1.01
H50/3 49.9 3.46 200 351 3.08 φ8/210 1.291 2φ32 2.29 242 237 1.02
H50/4 49.9 3.46 200 351 3.08 φ8/210 1.291 2φ32 + 1φ25 2.99 246 270 0.91
H60/1 60.8 4.22 200 359 3.01 - 0 2φ32 2.24 108 117 0.92
H60/2 60.8 4.22 200 353 3.06 φ6/200 0.747 2φ32 2.28 180 207 0.87
H60/3 60.8 4.22 200 351 3.08 φ8/210 1.267 2φ32 2.29 259 251 1.03
H60/4 60.8 4.22 200 351 3.08 φ8/210 1.267 2φ32 + 1φ25 2.99 309 272 1.14
H75/1 68.9 3.69 200 359 3.01 - 0 2φ32 2.24 100 106 0.94
H75/2 68.9 3.69 200 353 3.06 φ6/200 0.747 2φ32 2.28 204 214 0.95
H75/3 68.9 3.69 200 351 3.08 φ8/210 1.267 2φ32 2.29 269 257 1.05
H75/4 68.9 3.69 200 351 3.08 φ8/210 1.267 2φ32 + 1φ25 2.99 255 279 0.91
H100/1 87.0 4.05 200 359 3.01 - 0 2φ32 2.24 118 109 1.08
H100/2 87.0 4.05 200 353 3.06 φ6/165 0.906 2φ32 2.28 226 232 0.97
H100/3 87.0 4.05 200 351 3.08 φ8/210 1.291 2φ32 2.29 254 260 0.98
H100/4 87.0 4.05 200 351 3.08 φ8/210 1.291 2φ32 + 1φ25 2.99 267 288 0.93
Average 0.98
Standard deviation 0.07
Coef. of variation 7.24
Table E.1: Summary of experimental results
Figure E.2 compares the test results with the failure shear strength obtained by the
Vector2 analyses. It is remarkable that the non linear finite element model reproduces
the observed behaviour that beam specimen H60/1 failed at a higher shear strength than
beam H75/1. This clearly indicates that for beam without web reinforcement the beam
failure is governed by the tensile strength rather than by the concrete compressive
strength. Concrete splitting strength of the H60 concrete mix was higher than for the
H70 mix, as it can be seen in Table E.1.
E.3
Annex E _____________________________________________________________________________
140
H100/1
120
H50/1
100 H60/1
H75/1
Vfail (KN)
80
60
40
Test
20
Vector2
0
40 50 60 70 80 90
fc (MPa)
Figure E.2: Comparison of the failure shear strength calculated by the non linear finite element model
with the real test for beams without web reinforcement H50/1, H60/1, H75/1 and H100/1.
300
H75/3 H100/3
H60/3
H50/3
250
200
Vfail (KN)
150
100
50 Test
Vector2
0
40 50 60 70 80 90
fc (MPa)
Figure E.3: Comparison of the failure shear strength calculated by the non linear finite element model
with the real test for beams with stirrups H50/3, H60/3, H75/3 and H100/3.
For beams with web reinforcement, the model predicts an increase in shear strength
when the concrete compressive strength increases. Figure E.3 shows the good
agreement with the test results.
E.4
E.4 Influence of the bearing conditions
Beam specimens were supported by a sliding pin bearing in the real test and, as
represented in Figure E.1. The same bearing was reproduced on the finite element
model. In this section, results obtained in §E.3 are compared with results calculated
considering a fixed pin bearing instead of a sliding one.
Table E.2 compares the results of the two different models. For beams without web
reinforcement, the increase in failure shear strength due to the fixed bearing, Vvt2, is
greater than 100% in percentage than the failure shear strength of the real beam with an
sliding pin bearing, Vvt1. The formation of a clear arch mechanism is the cause of this
increase, as it can be seen in Figure E.4 a) and b). However, it is important to highlight
that in a laboratory test, this value could be reach only if the horizontal reaction can be
attained. Under normal testing conditions of a steel supporting plate, the friction
coefficient between steel and concrete can be taken as 0.3, and therefore the maximum
value of the ratio H/V would be also 0.3, hence the ultimate shear strength would be an
intermediate value.
fc b d Vtest Vvt1 Vvt2 Hvt2 ∆V Hvt2 /

Beam a/d ρw ρl
MPa mm mm KN KN KN KN % Vvt2
H50/1 49.9 200 359 3.01 0 2.24 100 97 197 383 103 1.94
H50/2 49.9 200 353 3.06 0.577 2.28 178 177 280 563 58 2.01
H50/3 49.9 200 351 3.08 1.291 2.29 242 237 384 718 62 1.87
H50/4 49.9 200 351 3.08 1.291 2.99 246 270 385 705 43 1.83
H60/1 60.8 200 359 3.01 0 2.24 108 117 235 461 101 1.96
H60/2 60.8 200 353 3.06 0.747 2.28 180 207 341 646 65 1.89
H60/3 60.8 200 351 3.08 1.267 2.29 259 251 370 699 47 1.89
H60/4 60.8 200 351 3.08 1.267 2.99 309 272 392 721 44 1.84
H75/1 68.9 200 359 3.01 0 2.24 100 106 220 439 108 2.00
H75/2 68.9 200 353 3.06 0.747 2.28 204 214 339 653 58 1.93
H75/3 68.9 200 351 3.08 1.267 2.29 269 257 361 696 40 1.93
H75/4 68.9 200 351 3.08 1.267 2.99 255 279 378 708 35 1.87
H100/1 87.0 200 359 3.01 0 2.24 118 109 237 479 117 2.02
H100/2 87.0 200 353 3.06 0.906 2.28 226 232 349 693 50 1.99
H100/3 87.0 200 351 3.08 1.291 2.29 254 260 353 697 36 1.97
H100/4 87.0 200 351 3.08 1.291 2.99 267 288 366 706 27 1.93
Table E.2: Influence of the bearing conditions in the non linear finite element analyses.
E.5
Annex E _____________________________________________________________________________
a) b)
c) d)
Figure E.4: Principal compressive stresses at failure. a) Beam specimen without web reinforcement
(H50/1) supported by a sliding pin bearing. b) Beam specimen without web reinforcement
(H50/1) supported by a fixed pin bearing. c) Beam specimen with stirrups (H50/3) supported
by a sliding pin bearing. d) Beam specimen with stirrups (H50/3) supported by a fixed pin
bearing.
a) b)
Figure E.5: Steel stress at a crack in beam H50/3 for a shear load equal to 235 KN. a) Beam specimen
supported by a sliding pin bearing. b) Beam specimen supported by a fixed pin bearing.
For beams with stirrups, the increase is also important, but not so significant, as the arch
action effect and the contribution of the stirrups are not two independent components.
The more reinforcement the lesser failure shear strength increase. Figure E.4 c) and d)
shows the arch action for beam specimen H50/3 assuming a sliding pin bearing and a
fixed pin bearing. The horizontal compressive reaction delays the shear cracking, and
stirrups take high tensile stresses later, as it can be seen in Figure E.5.
E.6

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Annex A

Cast: Jan 11, 2002

Shear Force (KN)

T1 T2 εl1 εl2 εl3

Deformation (mm) Long. rebar strain (me)

Specimen H50/1 – Cracking control

Test set-up for beam H50/1 Cracking at failure (V = 99.69 KN)

Transversal reinforcement 1φ20 1φ20

Specimen H50/2 - Continuation

Shear Force (KN)

T1 T2 εl1 εl2 εl3

Deformation (mm) Long. rebar strain (me)

Specimen H50/2 – Cracking control

Test set-up for beam H50/2

Cracking at failure (V = 178 KN)

Transversal reinforcement 1φ20 1φ20

Specimen H50/3 - Continuation

Shear Force (KN)

T1 T2 εl1 εl2 εl3

Deformation (mm) Long. rebar strain (me)

Specimen H50/3 – Cracking control

Test set-up for beam H50/3

Cracking for V = 130 KN Cracking at failure (V = 242.07 KN)

Cast: Jan 11, 2002 φ8/210

Tested: Feb 26, 2002

Summary of Test Observations 2φ32 + 1φ25

Specimen H50/4 - Continuation

Shear Force (KN)

T1 T2 εl1 εl2 εl3

Deformation (mm) Long. rebar strain (me)

Specimen H50/4 – Cracking control

Test set-up for beam H50/4

Cracking for V = 195 KN Cracking at failure (V = 242.34 KN)

Transversal reinforcement 1φ20 1φ20

4 φ8 bars distributed along the web 2φ8 200 mm

Cast: Jan 11, 2002 4φ8

Tested: Feb 26, 2002

Shear Force (KN)

T1 T2 εl1 εl2 εl3

Deformation (mm) Long. rebar strain (me)

Photographs of the beam specimen

Test set-up for beam H50/5 Cracking at failure (V = 129.65 KN)

Specimen H50/5 – Cracking control

Shear Force (KN)

Photographs of the beam specimen

Test set-up for beam H60/1 Cracking at failure (V = 108.14 KN)

Transversal reinforcement 1φ20 1φ20

Summary of Test Observations

Specimen H60/2 - Continuation

Shear Force (KN)

Deformation (mm) Long. rebar strain (me)

Specimen H60/2 – Cracking control

Test set-up for beam H60/2

Cracking at failure (V = 179.74 KN)

Transversal reinforcement 1φ20 1φ20

Summary of Test Observations

Specimen H60/3 - Continuation

Shear Force (KN)

Deformation (mm) Long. rebar strain (me)