Module 5

The Great Novel:

Noli Me Tangere and
The First Homecoming

Reference: Life and Works of Dr. Jose P. Rizal; A Modular Approach based
on the New CHED Curriculum, M. C. Pangilinan, M. C. Franco-Igloria, E. A. P
asague, 2018, Mindshapers Co., Inc.
OBJECTIVES
At the end of module 5, the student should be able to:

1. Explain the lesson learned from the great novel “Noli Me

Tangere” with that of the present situation in the Philippines;

2. Emulate the dedication of Rizal and the worth of his ideas to

contemporary Philippines society;

3. Perform the salient events in the nover “Noli Me Tangere” and

apply the different virtues and values learned in the novel; and

4. Recite the message of the literary writings of Rizal towards

achieving excellence in the ideals of nationalism.
The Novel: Noli Me Tangere
 Rizal proposed a book writing project to the Filipino members of the
Circulo Hispano Filipino; but they did not take interest with it.
 The book would deal on the social-cultural and political aspects of
life in the Philippines.
 He write the book himself, he did not lose hope using his talent and wr
iting skills. He started to write his masterpiece “Noli Me Tangere”.
 He joined the Brotherhood of Masons for more mature contacts a
nd enlightenment to complete the book.
 He managed to finish the first half in Madrid;continued writing in
Paris where he was inspired of the immortal declaration of the rights
of man, been passed and implemented.
 The Novel: Noli Me Tangere
 He finished it in Germany where scientific research and philos
ophy were free from the church and state control.
 Noli Me Tangere was printed in Berlin because Rizal was sho
rt of funds - charged P300.00 for 2,000 copies.
 His friend Maximo Viola offered to pay the amount and the boo
k was finaly released in March 1887.
 Rizal studied Hebrew to enable him to interpret the Bible in its ori
ginal text and be better prepared to defend any controversial rel
igious issues that the novel might arise - translated the passag
es in the Bible that he used in the novel.
 “Noli Me Tangere” is a Latin phrase that Rizal took from the Bi
ble, meaning “Touch me not.”
The Novel: Noli Me Tangere
 In John 20:13-17 - the newly-risen Christ says to Mary Magdalene:
“Touch me not; I am not yet ascended to my Father, but go to my br
ethren, and say unto them I ascend unto my Father and your
Father, and to my God and your God.”
 Noli Me Tangere alternative English title is “The Social Cancer” b
y Charles Derbyshire.
 The novel is a Spanish-language novel that is credited with the aw
akening of nationalism among the Filipinos of Rizal's time.
 It was published in 1887 in Berlin; commonly referred to by its short
ened name Noli.
Summary of Noli Me Tangere
Having completed his The day after the humble party, Ibarra
studies in Europe, young Juan went to see Maria Clara, his love inter
Crisostomo Ibarra came back to est, a beautiful daughter of Captain
the Philippines after a 7-year Tiago and an affluent resident of Binon
absence. In his honor, Captain do, Manila. Their long-standing love wa
Tiago threw a get-together party, s clearly manifested in this meeting,
which was attended by friars and and Maria Clara cannot help but rerea
other prominent figures. In an d the letters his sweetheart had writte
unfortunated incident, former n before he went to Europe. Before Iba
curate Father Damaso belittled rra left for San Diego, Lieutenant Gue
and slandered Ibarra. But Ibarra vara, a Guardia Civil, revealed to him
brushed off the insult and took no the incidents preceding the death of hi
offense; instead he politely s father, Don Rafael Ibarra, a rich hac
excused himself and left the party iendero of the town.
because of an allegedly important
task.
 Summary of Noli Me Tangere
According to the Lieutenant, Suddenly, all of those who thought ill of
Don Rafael was unjustly accused him surfaced with additional complaints.
of being a heretic, in addition to He was imprisoned, and just when the
being a filibuster - an allegation matter was almost settled, he got sick
brought forth by Father Damaso and died in jail. Still not content with
because of Don Rafael's non-partic what he had done, Father Damaso
-ipation in the Sacraments, such arranged for Don Rafael's corpse to be
as Confession and Mass. Father dug up and transferred from the
Damaso's animosity against Ibarra's Catholic cemetery to the Chinese
father was aggravated by another cemetery, because he thought of it
incident when Don Rafael helped inappropriate to allow a heretic such as
out on a fight between a tax collec Don Rafael a Catholic burial ground.
-tor and a student fighting, and the Unfortunately, it was raining and
former's death was blamed on him, because of the bothersome weight of
although it was not deliberate. the cadaver, the men in charge decided
to throw the corpse into the lake.
 Summary of Noli Me Tangere
Revenge was not in Ibarra's not saved him. Instead the hired killer
plans; instead he carried through met an unfortunated incident and died.
his faher's plan of putting up a The sequence of events proved to be
school, since he believed that educa too traumatic for Maria Clara who got
-tion would have pave the way to his seriously ill but was luckily cured by the
country's progress (all over the novel medicine Ibarra sent her.
, the author refers to both Spain and After the inauguration, Ibarra
the Philippines as two different count hosted a luncheon during which Father
ries which from part of the same Damaso, uninvited and gate-crashing
nation or family, being Spain the the luncheon, again and insulted him.
mother and the Philippines the daug- Ibarra ignored the priest's insolence, but
hter). During the inauguration of the when the latter slandered the memory of
school, Ibarra would have been killed his dead father, he was no longer able
in a sabotage had Elias - mysterious to restrain himself and lunged at
man who had warned Ibarra earlier Father Damaso, prepared to stab the
of a plot to assassinate him - latter for his imprudence.
 Summary of Noli Me Tangere
As a consequence, Father Damaso about was blamed on him, and he was
excommunicated Ibarra. Father wrongly arrested and imprisoned. But
Damaso took this opportunity to pers the accussation against him was overrul-
-uade the already-hesistant father of ed because during the litigation that
Maria Clara to forbid his daughter followed, nobody could testify that he
from marrying Ibarra. The friar was indeed involved. Unfortunately, his
wished Maria Clara to marry a letter to Maria Clara somehow got into
Peninsular named Linares who just the hand of the jury and was manipulate-
arrived from Spain. d such that it then became evidence
With the help of the Captain against him.
-General. Ibarra's excommunication Meanwhile in Captain Tiago's
was nullified and the Archbishop residence, a party was being held to
decided to accept him as a member announce the upcoming wedding of
of the Church once again. But, as Maria Clara and Linares. Ibarra, with
fate would have it, some incident of the help of Elias, took this opportunity
which Ibarra had known nothing and escaped from prison.
 Summary of Noli Me Tangere
But before leaving, Ibarra talked to Afterwards, Ibarra and Elias
Maria Clara and accused her of betr- boarder a boat and left the place. Elias
aying him, thinking that she gave the instructed Ibarra to lie down and the
letter he wrote her to the jury. Maria former covered the latter with grass to
Clara explained to Ibarra that she will conceal the latter's presence. As luck
never conspire against him but she would have it, they were spotted by their
was forced to surrended Ibarra's enemies. Elias thought he could
letter to her in exchange for the letter outsmart them and jumped into the water
written by her mother even before . The guards rain shots on the person in
she was born. The letter were from, the water, all the while not knowing that
her mother Pia Alba, to father they were aiming at the wrong man.
Damaso alluding to their unborn Maria Clara, thinking that Ibarra
child; and that she, Maria Clara, has been killed in shooting incident, was
was therefore not the daughter of greatly overcome with grief. Robbed of
Captain Tiago, but of Father hope and severe disillusion, she asked
Damaso. Father Damaso to confine her
Summary of Noli Me Tangere
into nunnery. Father Damaso
reluctantly agreed when Maria Clara
threatened to take her own life,
demanding, “the nunnery or death!”
Unbeknown to her, Ibarra was still
alive and able to escape. It was Elias
who had taken the shots. It was
Christmas Eve when Elias woke up
in the forest gravely wounded and
barely alive. It was in this forest that
Elias found Basilio and his lifeless
mother, Sisa...
 Summary
 Noli Me Tangere was Rizal's first
of Noli Me Tangere
 The novel created much controversy
novel and published it at the age of on the few days after its arrival.
26.  Governor-General Emilio Terrero
 This book was historically sinificant summoned him to the Malacañang
and was instrumental in establishing Palace and told him of the charges
the Filipino's sense of national saying that the novel was full of
identity. subversive ideas.
 The book indirectly influenced a  After a discussion, the liberal Gov.
revolution although the author Gen. was appeased; but he mention
actually advocated for direct represe -ed that he was unable to offer
ntation to the Spanish government resisance against the pressure of
and larg-er role of the Philippines in the Church to take action against the
side the Spanish political affairs. book.
 It was written in Spanish - the  The novel create a unified Filipino
language of the educated at a time national identity. It also lampooned,
caricatured and exposed the col-soc
The persecution can be
discerned from Rizal's letter
to Ferdinand Blumentritt in
Leitmeritz.
“My book made a lot of noise; everywhere, I
am asked about it. They wanted to excommu-
nicate me because of it... I am considered a
German spy, an agent of Bismarck, they say I
am a Protestant, a freemason, a sorcerer, a
damned soul and evil. It is whispered that I
want to draw plans, that I have a foreign
pass-port and that I wander through the
streets by night...”
 Characters of Noli Me Tangere
1. Crisostomo Ibarra - Known as Juan Crisostomo Ibarra y Magsalin, a Filipi-no who studied i
n Europe for 7 years, the love interest of Maria Clara. He is the son of the deceased Don Rafae
l Ibarra; Crisostomo changed his surname from Eibarramendia to Ibarra, from his ancestor's su
rname. He is the main and most important character in the novel manifesting in him the Filip
ino who acquired European idea through his education in Europe. In the novel, Ibarra's personal
ity will result in the disagreements of liberal idealism in education and conservatism represented
by the Catholic Church.
2. Elias - Ibarra's mysterious friend, a master boater, also a fugitive. He was referred to at one
point as “the pilot.” He wants to revolutionize his country. In the past, Ibarra's grandfather cond
emned his grandfather of burning a warehouse, making Elias the fugitive he is. The character tha
t Rizal placed to represent the Filipino masses who suffered from Spanish brutalities and abuse
due to their powerlessness in the novel and in real Philippines social situation of that time.
 Characters of Noli Me Tangere
3. Maria Clara - Maria Clara de los Santos, Ibarra's sweetheart; the illegitimate
daughter of Father Damaso and Pia Alba. In her, Ibarra has fallen in love, she
also mirrored the Filipina woman of religious upbringing and orientation, and
through her love to Ibarra, and she represents true fidelity and religiosity of the
women in real Filipino society.
4. Father Damaso - also known as Damaso Verdoglagas, Franciscan friar and
Maria Clara's biological father. An antagonist in character and represents the
un-Christian works of the Catholic friars who are in the church.
5. Sisa - the mother of Basilio and Crispin, who became insane after losing her
sons. She represented in the novel a sad plight of the Filipino mothers losing her
two sons, Basilio and Crispin. In the novel, Sisa looses her sanity.
6. Kaptain Tiago - also known in his fullname as Don Santiago de los Santos the
Known father of Maria Clara but not the real one; lives in Binondo. An illegal
opium trader who subsequently was a landlord. He represented a different view in
religion and thus, more of a businessman who used his money to work for him
even in religious life and obligations.
 Characters of Noli Me Tangere
7. Pilosopong Tasyo - known as Don Anastasio, portrayed in the novel as pessimi
-stic, cynic, and mad by his neighbors. He portrays the role of a Philosopher who
was completely misunderstood in many aspects, he argues with the belief of the
Catholic Church and social changes and concerns in the novel.
8. Doña Victorina - Victorina de los Reyes de Espadaña, a woman who passes
herself off as a Peninsulares. Wife of Don Tiburcio de Espadaña, known in the
novel as a trying hard rich woman who abhors anything that is Filipino and clings
to Spanish way of life. This kind of character was manifested on some Filipino of
that time.
9. Pedro - abusive husband of Sisa who loved cockfighting.
10. Don Rafael Ibarra - Known in the plot as a concerned citizen and property
owner who was the father of Crisostomo Ibarra. Padre Damaso who played an
antagonist role called him a heretic and rebel due to his view on relating to
liberalism in society.
11. Tandang Pablo - the leader of the rebels, whose family was destroyed
because of the Spaniards,
 Characters of Noli Me Tangere
12. The School Master - a teacher at San Diego who's view i
n the novel represented the weak and useless education in the
Philippines. He attributes the problem from facilities and met
hods of learning that the friars implemented in the country.
13. Basilio - the elder son of Sisa.
14. Crispin - the younger son of Sisa died from the punishm
ent of the soldiers from the false accusation of stealing an am
ount of money.
15. Padre Sibyla - Hernando de la Sibyla, a Filipino friar. He
is described as short and has fair skin.
16. Padre Salvi - Bernardo Salvi, a secret admirer of Maria
Clara.
 Characters of Noli Me Tangere
17. The Alferez - chief of the Guardia Civil; mortal enemy
of the priests for power in San Diego.
18. Don Tiburcio -Spanish husband of Donya Victorina who
was limp and submissive to his wife; he also pretended to be
a doctor.
19. Dona Consolacion - wife of the alferez, another woman
who passed herself as a Peninsular; best remembered for her
abusive treatment to Sisa.
20. Captain-General - the most powerful official in the Phili
-ppines, a hater of secular priests and corrupt officials, and a
friend of Ibarra.
 He decided to return to  On June 29, 1887 - Rizal
Calamba for such wrote to his father about
reasons: his homecoming; he is
 To operate on his expected to be in the
mother's eyes Philippines by the 15th to
 To help his family and 30th of August 1887.
the Filipino people  On July 3, 1887 - Rizal
 To find out for himself The First boarded the steamer
how the Noli Me Tang- Djemnah and the only Filipi
ere and his other writi
ngs were affecting the
Homecoming -no among the passengers
who could speak many
Filipinos and Spaniard languages, so he had a
s in the Philippines good time acting as interpr
 He wanted to find out -eter for his companions a
why Leonora Rivera nd also get along well with
remained silent when the other passengers by
he was in Rome. playing chess.
 Reaching Saigon, he tran-  He wrote to Blumentritt, “I
sferred to another stream- had a pleasant voyage, I
er Haiphong which was found my family enjoying
bound for Manila on good health and happiness.
August 2, 1887. It was great seeing each
 August 6, 1887 - he other again. They shed
reached Manila and was tears of joy and I had to
welcomed heartily by his The First answer their thousands of
parents, relatives, and questions at the same time.
friends.
 He found Manila the
Homecoming ”
 But amidst the happy and
same as when he left it 5 peaceful aura of his arrival,
years ago - stayed in the his family was worried for
city short time to visit his his safety. Thus, Paciano
friends. did not leave him to protect
 August 8, 1887 - He him for any enemy assault;
returned to Calamba his father would not let him
go alone.
 In Calamba, Rizal built a  He opened a gymnasium
medical clinic with his for young folks to introduce
mother as first patient European sports,
who was almost blind. He gymnastics, fencing, and
could not operate his shooting so as to
mother because her eye discourage time being
contracts were not yet The First spent in cockfights (
ripe. sabong) and gambling.
 His coming as a doctor
spread and wide; and was
Homecoming
called “Doctor Uliman”
because he came from
Germany with reasonable
fees, even “gratis” for the
poor.
Trouble
in Noli
Me Tan Pleased by his explanation
After his stay in Calamba, and curious about the contr- Nonetheless, he had it
gere
he received a letter from the oversial book the Gov. Gen. banned when reports
Gov. General Emilio asked for a copy. were submitted to him
Terrero requesting him to Gov. Gen. knew that Rizal's by the Commission
come to Malacañang life was in danger because of Censorship calling
Palace to explain about the the friars were powerful, he for its outright censors
subversive ideas contained assigned a cultured Spanish hip.
in the Noli Me Tangere. lieutenant named Don Jose The banning of the
He denied the charges Traviel de Andrande as Noli made it more
and explained that he his bodyguard. popular; causing ever-
merely exposed the truth Gov. Gen. read the novel ybody among the
but did not advocate and found nothing wrong masses to read the
subversion novel at night secretly.
 The Attacks of Noli Me Tangere

 Salvador Fort printed  Many Filipinos were forced  Noli was also
copies of the Commission's to buy but they did not vociferously attacked
report and Fr. Jose believe these anti-Rizal by the Spanish
Rodriguez printed eight pamphlets. academician, Vicente
pamphlets under general The Noli was also attacked Barrantes, who was
heading “Questions of Supr in the senate of the Spanish once a ranking official
eme Interest (Custiones de Cortes. of the Philippines.
Sumoditues)”.
 Defenders of Noli Me Tangere

The Noli had its great defenders Don Segismundo Moret, a

who bravely came out to prove former Minister of the Court.
the merits of the novel and to Father Sanches of Ateneo
enlighten the unkind attackers. upheld and praised the Noli in
They were reformers in foreign Public.
lands like MH Del Pilar, Graciano Rev. Father Vicente Garcia, a
Lopez Jaena, Mariano Ponce, Dr Filipino Catholic priest-scholar,
. Antonio, Ma. Regidor, Professo a theologian of Manila
r Ferdinand Blumentritt, Cathedral and a Tagalog of the
Dr. Miguel Morayta; and famous “Imitation of Christ” by
Kempis wrote a defense of the
Noli.
 Defenders of Noli Me Tangere
 Rev. Father Vicente Garcia - wrote a
defense of the Noli under the penname Father Rodriguez said that
Justo Desiderio Magalang. those who read the Noli
 July 18, 1888 - this was published in committed a mortal sin. Since
Singapore as an appendix to a pamphlet. he (Fr. Rodriguez) had read
 He blasted the attacks and arguments of the novel therefore he also
Fr. Rodriguez with the following countera committed mortal sin.
rgument:  Rizal cried with overwhelming gratitude
 Rizal cannot be an “ignorant man” to Father Garcia's brilliant defense of
as Fr. Rodriquez alleged, because his Noli.
he was a graduate of Spanish  Rizal wrote a letter to Barrantes to
universities and was a recipient of defend himself and to expose Barrantes
scholastic honor. ' ignorance of the Philippine affairs and
 Rizal does not attack the Church a mental dishonesty which is unworthy of
nd Spain because what Rizal attack an academician.
ed in the Noli were the bad Spanish  While the controversy over the Noli
officials and not Spain, and the bad was raging in fury, Rizal was untouched
corrupt friars and not the Church. in Calamba because he was with
bodyguard - they became friends.
 Defenders of Noli Me Tangere
 While Rizal was in Calmba, his help was  The hacienda owner never con
sought by the folks for their grievances tributed a single centavo for the
against to impose certain reforms. celebration of the town fiesta;
 After thorough study of the conditions of for the education of the children
the Calamba hacienda which the Domini and for the improvement of
-can Order owned since 1883 he wrote agriculture.
down his findings which the tenants and  Tenants who had spent much
the three officials of the haienda signed labor clearing the lands were
on January 8, 1888 and was submitted ejected from their lands for
to the governor general for action. flimsy reasons.
 The hacienda of the Dominican  High rates of interest were
order comprised not only the lands charged from the tenants for
around Calamba but the town of delayed payment of rentals and
Calamba. when the rentals could not be
 The profits of the Dominican order paid, their carabaos, tools and
continuously increased because of homes were confiscated.
the arbitrary increase of the rentals
being paid by the tenants.
Defenders of Noli Me Tangere
 This reports further heightened the  1888, before left Calamba, his friends
anger of the friars and they pressured from Lipa requested him to write a
the governor general to deport him. poem to commemorate the town's
 Governor Terrero refused for there is elevation to a city (villa) by virtue of
no valid charge against Rizal in court. the Becerra Law of 1888.
Gov. Gen. Terrero advised Rizal to leave  He wrote a poem dedicated to the
the Philippines for his own good and to industrious folks of Lipa entitled Hymn
escape the fury of the friars. to Labor (Himno Al trabajo). He
 His presence in Calamba is end finished it and sent it to Lipa befe his
angering the safe and happines departure from the Calamba.
s of his family and friends.  Himno Al Trabajo, “Hymn to Labor”
 He could fight better his enermi (188) which was written on request in
es and serve his country's commemoration of the above stuff.
cause efficiently by writing in
foreign countries.
Module 5
Rizal's Return to Europe
and the Novel
El Filibusterismo

Reference: Life and Works of Dr. Jose P. Rizal; A Modular Approach

based on the New CHED Curriculum, M. C. Pangilinan, M. C. Franco-
Igloria, E. A. Pasague, 2018, Mindshapers Co., Inc.
 OBJECTIVES :
At the end of module 6, the student
should be able to:
 Decide well on a situation in relation to one's safety or one's
principle/belief;
 Compare the two novels in many aspects and to find out the
purpose why they were written;
 Discuss Rizal as a traveler representing the Filipino through his
works and achievements; and
 Study Rizal's views in religion, family and rights of the people.
 February 3, 1888
For second time, Rizal sailed to Hong
East Asia
Kong as a frustrated being who wanted
the utmost reform in his native land. Accepted it
Since it was economical to stay at
Jose Sainz de Verranda the legation and he believed that he
Terrero's former secretary, followed Rizal in the said had nothing to hide, he accepted it.
British colony, and was believed to be commissione Scenic Japan
d by the Spanish authorities to spy on the him.
Rizal was impressed by the scenic Japan
American Streamer, Oceanic and had keenly observed the life, customs
After almost three weeks, on board in this streamer he and culture of the people.
left Hong Kong and sailed Japan where he was invited
by Secretary Juan Perez Caballero to live at the O-Sei-San (Usui Seiko)
Spanish Legation He had fallen in love not only with
It was a bait the view but more to its women,
particularly with this 23-year old
His instinct told him that it was a bait - a way for the woman.
Spanish officials to keep track of his activities.
 Sail to the West Why in London
Tempted to Settle
He chooses to stay so that he could improve his
Due to love, he tempted to settle in English skills, study and do an annotation of
Japan with O-Sei-San Antonio Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas
and it was a safe place to carry his reforms he
April 13, 1888 wanted for the Philippines
Rizal boarded Belgic - an English streamer bound
for the US, reaching the land on April 28. Dr. Antonio Ma. Regidor
During his stay in London, he stayed
He visited some States and Cities Regidor's home and boarded at the
He visited San Francisco, left it on the second day for Beckett family.
Oklahoma, then to Sacramento, then to Reno, and
finally New York Gertrude
He fell in love with her during his
May 16, 1888 boarding at the Beckett family
The ship “City of Rome” sailed Liverpool and where
he decided to stay in London until March 1889.
 In Great Britain
In London; good news
He received both news from home. The good one
was that Rev. Vicente Garcia was defending his
Noli from the attacks of the friar. During his stay in the country
Rizal also made use of his time in writting essays
In London; bad news and articles for the La Solidaridad.
The bad one was that the Filipino signatories of the
Petition 1888 and the tenants of the Calamba On June 12, 1889
agrarian trouble were facing persecution.
With Filipino and Spanish friend, they
Exiled and denied of founded the Asociacion Hispano-Filipino
Cont. of bad news, his brothers-in-law, Manuel T. which aimed for unionism and reforms.
Hidalgo and Mariano Herbosa were exiled to bohol
and was denied of Christian burial After 10 months
He left London and departed for
Friend imprisoned Paris, France.
His friend, Laureano Viado, a UST medical student
was imprisoned for possessing a copy of his Noli.
 In Paris
In France
Indios Bravos
Rizal continued his study on various languages and
practiced his artistic skills and finishes two statues. Soon, the members of the said club founded a new
Filipino society, an organization which envisioned
Filipinos being recognized by Spain for being
2 Statues excellent in various fields of knowledge.
“The Beggar” and “The Maid With A Basket”
January 1890
Rizal annotation of Sucesos de las Islas
Kidlat Club Filipinas finally printed and published.
He organized a social club which brought together
young Filipinos residing in France. Garnier Freres
He published Sucesos de las Islas
Filipinas.
 Before going to Belgium
In Belgium
Lost battle
Together with his roommate Jose Albert, Rizal
He decided to go home but instead of going home
celebrated Christmas in Paris. Shortly after New Year
, a letter from Paciano told him that they aready lo
, he visited London for the last time.
st the case against the Dominican and they are in
need of Lawyer that can defend their families in
January 28, 1890
Calamba from Madrid.
He left Paris for Brussels. With Albert, they left the
extravagant and gay social life in Paris and stays in
a boarding house owned by the Jacoby sisters. No Right Person to be Found
He traveled to Madrid to seek justice but in
Dimas Alang and Laong Laan vain - he could not find a right person
Rizal continued to contribute for La Solidaridad under t
he above pseudoname. Land Eviction
He heard that his family was already evicted
Received Letters from their land in Calamba and other family
members were banished to Mindoro and
From Calamba, he received letters that the agrarian Manila
trouble in the province was getting worse
 Rizal's Misadventure 1.0
He challenged Antonio Luna, it was about the latters
frustration with his unsuccessful love affair with Nellie
In Spain
Boustead, and so gave negative remarks that Rizal Rivalry
cannot tolearate. MH del Pilar and Jose Rizal rivalry for leadership
with the Associacion Hispano Filipino in which a
Rizal's Misadventure 2.0 faction emerged from the Filipinos in Madrid:
Rizalistas and Pilaristas
Other encounter was with Wenceslao Retano who
had insulted Rizal and his family by writing Election
La Epoca - an anti-Filipino newspaper Organization's election was held to settle the
rivalry; losing the election, Rizal decided to go
back home fearing that his presence may result
La Epoca Insult
to bigger and stronger faction.
Retano write that the Rizal family was evicted from
their lands because they did not pay their rent. Finishing his 2nd Novel
Instead of going staight to Hong Kong, he
Heart Broken went back to Brussels to finish his 2nd novel
- The El Filibusterismo, said to be the cont.
It was in this city that he heard the news of Leonor of Noli.
Rivera's marriage with and Englishmen Henry
Kipping
El Filibusterismo
 El Filibustirismo - the 2nd novel of  In order to pay for the downpayment an
Jose Rizal which was a cont. of the d early partial payments during the
Noli in Brussels and he finished it in printing of the novel, he pawned his
Biarritz, Madrid, inspired by the magni jewels.
ficent place and his romance with  Basa and Rodriguez Arias also funded
Nellie Bousted. his printing.
 On March 29, 1891 - in the eve of his  Valentin Ventura in Paris helped him
departure from Biarritz to Paris, he because of the insufficient funds that's
finished the manuscript of El why the printing was suspended.
Filibusterismo.  On September 18, 1891 - the novel
 On May 30, 1891 - he completed the came off the press in Ghent; then he
revision and was ready for printing. immediately sent copies to Basa, to
 F. Meyer-Van Loo Press, No. 66 Viaa- Sixto Lopez in Hong Kong, to his friends
nderen Street - a publisher that he find - Ventura in Paris and to his friends in
that published books in an installment. the Philippines.
El Filibusterismo
 The novel was praised to the skies  Rizal dedicated El Filibusterismo to
Filipino patriots in foreign lands and in the martyrs, GOMBURZA. Their
the Philippines. martyrdom, which Paciano related to
 The members of the Filipino colony of him when he was a boy in Calamba
Barcelona published a tribute in La was never forgotten.
Publicidad, a Barcelona newspaper,
eulogizing the novel's original style
which is comparable only to
sublime Alexander Dumas and may
well be offered as “a model, a
precious jewel in the decadent
literature of Spain”.
 October 1891 - the liberal Madrid
newspaper, El Nuevo Regimen,
serialized the novel in its issue.
Summary of El Filibusterismo
Thirteen years after Jose Rizal left Colonial regime. This time, he did not attempt
the Philippines, Juan Crisostomo Ibarra (the to fight the authorities through legal means,
main character from Noli) returned as but through violent revolution using the
Simoun, a rich jeweler sporting a beard and masses. Simoun had reasons for instigating
blue tinted glasses, and a confidant of the a revolution. First is to rescue Maria Clara
Governor-General of the Philippines. Abando- from the convent and second, to get rid of
ning his idealism, he became cynical saboteur, ills and evils of the Philippines society. His
the titula filibustero, seeking revenge against true identity is discovered by a now grown-
the Spanish Philippines system responsible up Basilio while visiting the grave of his
for his misfortunes by plotting a revolution, mother, Sisa; as Simoun was digging near the
Simoun mingled himself into Manila high grave site for his buried treasures. Simoun
society and influenced every decision of the spared Basilio's life and asked him to join in
Captain General to mismanage the country's his planned revolution against the government
affairs so that a revolution will break out. He , up the tragic misfortunes of the latter's family.
cynically sided with the upper classes, Basilio declined the offer as he still hopes that
encouraging them to commit abuses against the country's condition will improve.
the masses so that the latter would be encour Basilio, at this point, is a graduating
aged to revolt against the oppressive Spanish student of medicine at the Ateneo Municipal
Summary of El Filibusterismo
de Manila. After the death his mother, Sisa, and write Spanish language in the Philippi
and the disappearance of his younger brother, nes despite the opposition from the Domini
Crispin, Basilio heeded the advice of the dying can friars of the University of Santo Tomas.
boatman, Elias, and traveled to Manila to stud With the help of a reluctant Father Irene their
y. Basilio was adopted by Captain Tiago mediator and Don Custodio's decision, the
after Maria Clara entered the convent. With academy was established; however, they will o
Captain Tiago's help, Basilio was able to go to nly serve as caretakers of the school not as t
Colegio de San Juan de Letran where, at he teachers. Dejected and defeated, they h
first, he is frowned upon by his peers and teac old a mock celebration at a panciteria while a
hers not because of the color of his skin but spy for the friars witnesses the proceedings.
also because of his shabby appearance which Simoun, for his part, kept in close
he also experienced at Ateneo. Captain Tiago' contact with the bandit group of Kabesang
s confessor, Father Irene was making Tales, a former cabeza de baranggay who
Captain Tiago's health worse by giving him suffered misfortunes at the hands of the friars.
opium even as Basilio tried hard to prevent Once a farmer owning a prosperous sugarcan
Captain Tiago from smoking it. He and other e plantation and a cabeza de barangay (baran
students wanted to establish a Spanish Langu gay head), he was forced to give everything to
age Academy so that they can learn to speak the greedy and unscrupolous Spanish friars.
Summary of El Filibusterismo
His son, Tano, who became a civil guard was A few days after the mock celebration
captured by bandits; his daughter Juli had to by the students, the people agitated when distu-
work as a maid to get enough ransom money rbing posters were found displayed around the
for his freedom; and his father, Tandang Selo, city. The authorities accused the students prese
suffered a stroke and became mute. Before -nt at the panciteria of agitation and disturbing
joining the bandits, Tales took Simoun's peace and had them arrested. Basilio, although
revolver while Simoun was staying at his not present at the mock celebration, was also
house for the night. As a payment, Tales left a arrested. Captain Tiago died after learning of
locket that once belonged to Maria Clara. To the incident and as stated in his will - forged
further strengthen the revolution, Simoun has by Father Irene, all his possessions were
Quiroga, a Chinese man hoping to be appoint given to the Church, leaving nothing to Basilio.
ed consul to the Philippines, smuggled weapo Basilio was left in prison as the other students
ns into tauntry using Quiroga'z bazaar as a were released. A high officials tried to intervene
front. Simoun wished to attack during a from the release of Basilio but the Captain-Gen.
stage play with all of his enemies attendance. , bearing burden grudges against the high offici
He however, abruptly aborted attack when he als, coerced him to tender his resignation. Juli,
learned from Basilio that Maria Clara had Basilio's girlfriend and the daughter of Kabe
died earlier that day in the convent. -sang Tales, tried to ask Father Camorra's help
Summary of El Filibusterismo
upon the advice of an eleder woman, Instead According to Simoun, the lamp will stay lighted
of helping Juli, however, Father Camorra tried for only 20 minutes before it flickers; if someone
to rape her for he had long hidden desires for attempts to turn the wick, it will explode and kill
Juli. Juli rather than submits to the will of the everyone - important members of civil society a
friar, jumped over the balcony to her death. nd the Roman Catholic Church in the Philippine
Basilio was soon released with the s (Church hierarchy) - inside the house. Basilio
help of Simoun. Basilio, now a changed man, had a change of heart and attempts to warn the
and after hearing about Juli's suicide, finally people inside, including Isagani, his friend and
joined Simoun's revolution. Simoun then the former boyfriend of Paulita. Simoun left
told Basilio his plan at the wedding of Paulita the reception early as planned and left a note
Gomez and Juanito - Basilio's hunch-backe behind; The Writing on the Wall (Mene Thecel
d classmate. His plan was to conceal an Phares).
explosive inside a pomegranate-styled
Kerosene lamp that Simoun will give to the
newlyweds as a gift during the wedding recept
-ion. The reception will take place at the forme
r home of the late Captain Tiago, which was
now filld with explosives planted by Simoun.
 The Writing on the Wall (Mene Thecel Phares).
Initially thinking that it simply a bad Guardia Civil soldiers, he sought shelter at the hom
joke by those left behing. Father Salvi recogni e of Father Florentino, Isagani's uncle, and came
-zed the handwriting and confirmed that was under the care of Dr. Tiburcio de Epadaña, the husb
indeed Ibarra's. As people began to panic, the and of Doña Victorina, who was also hiding at the
lamp flickered. Father Irene tried to turn the house. Simoun took poison in order for him not to
wick up when Isagani, due to his undying love be captured alive by the authorities. Before he died
for Paulita, burst in the room and threw the , he revealed his real identity to Father Florentino w
lamp into the river, sabotaging Simoun's plan. hile they exchanged thoughts about the failure of hi
He escaped by diving into the river as guards s revolution and why God forsook him. Father Flor
chased after him. He later regreted his impulsi entino explained that God did not forsake him and t
ve action becaues he contradicted his own hat his plans were not for the greater good but for p
belief that he loved his nation more than ersonal gain. Simoun, finally accepting Father Flore
Paulita and that the explosion and revolution ntino's explanation, squeezed his hand and died. F
could have fulfilled his ideals for Filipino ather Florentino then took Simoun's remaining jewel
society. s and threw them into the sea, hoping that they wo
Simoun, now unmasked as the uld not be used by the greedy, and that when the ti
perpetrator of the attempted arson and failed me comes that it would be used for the greater goo
revolution, became a fugitive. Wounded and d, when the nation would be finally deserving libert
exhausted after he was shot by the pursuing y for themselves, the sea would reveal the treasur
Characters of El Filibustirismo
 SIMOUN BASILIO ISAGANI KABESANG TALES

Crisostomo Ibarra Sisa's son and w He is a poet and Telesforo Juan de

disguised as a as adopted by K Basilio's best Dios, a former cabez
wealthy jeweler, aptain Tiago, bo friend; portrayed a de barangay who
bent on starting a yfriend of Juli, an as an emotional resurfaced as the
revolution. Using aspiring doctor an and reactive/impu feared Luzon bandit
his wealth, he d joined Simoun f lsive student Matanglawin (“Hawk
encouraged the or his revolution leader; He is eye); his father,
people who exper when he learned t Paulita Gomez Tandang Selo, died
ienced abuse to hat Juli died. boyfriend before eventually after his
join him in his being dumped for own son Tano, who
rebellion against fellow student became a guardia
the church and Juanito Pelaez. civil, unknowingly
the governement. shot his grandfather
in an encounter.
 DON CUSTODIO JULI FATHER PAULITA GOMEZ
FLORENTINO

Custodio de Salaza The girlfriend of Isag

Juliana de Dios, Isagani's godfath
r y Sancez de ani and the niece of
the girlfriend of er, and a secular
Monteredondo, a Dona Victorina, the
Basilio, and the priest; was engag
famous “journalist” old Indian who pass
youngest ed to be married
who was asked by es herself off as a
daughter of but chose to be a
the students about Peninsulares/Penins
Kabesang Tales. priest after being
his decision for the ular, who was the
pressured by his
Academia de Castel wife of the quack
mother, the story
lano. In reality, he doctor Tiburcio de
hinting at the amb
was an ordinary Espadana. In the
ivalence of his
fellow who maried a end, she and Juanito
decision as he
rich woman in order Pelaez were wed,
chose an assign-
to be a member of and she dumped
ment to a remote
Manila's high Isagani, believing
place, living in sol
society. that she will have
itude near the sea
no future with him.
.
 BEN ZAYB QUIROGA TANDANG PLACIDO
SELO PENITENTE
A Chinese
Ibraham Ibañez. A student of UST
businessman who Father of Kabesa
He is a journalist who was very
dreamt of being a ng Tales. He
who thought he intelligent and wise
consul of a “ raised the sick
was only one but did not want, if
Consulate of and young Basilio
thinking in the not only by his
China” in the after his mother
Philippines. mother's plea to
Philippines. He Sisa had died.
pursue his studies.
kept Simoun's
He also controls his
weapons inside
temper against his
his house.
Physics teacher
Father Millon.
 ATTY. PASTA CAPT. GEN. PADRE SIBYLA FATHER
FERNANDEZ

The most Hernando de la The priest-friend of

One of the great powerful highest Sibyla, a Filipino Isagani. He promised
lawyers of mid- official in the friar and now vice Isagani that he and
Hispanic Manila. Philippines with -rector of the UST the other priests will
no specific name. . give in to the
students' demand.
Comparison of Noli and El Fili
 Noli and El Filibustirismo vary in many  There were many opinions as to which the
aspects, although they are written by the superior novel is - the Noli or the Fili. Rizal
same author and are supposed to be himself considered Noli as the superior
dealing with the same story and have the to the Fili as novel. MH Del Pilar and
same characters. Retana, Rizal's first Spanish biographer,
 The Noli is a romantic novel. It is a “work also believed that Noli is superior.
of the heart” and “a book of feeling”. It  However, other including Blumentritt,
has freshness, color, humor, lightness and Graciano Lopez Jaena and Dr. Rafael
wit. Whereas, El Filibustirismo is a poltical Palma was against the opinion of Rizal.
novel. It is a “work of heal” and a “book of They believed that the Fili is superior than
the thought”. It contains bitterness, hatred, the other.
pain, violence and sorrow.  In Lopez Jaena's letter he said that the Fili
 Jose Rizal's original intention was to was superior to the Noli because of it
make the El Filibustirismo longer than exquisite delicate, literary style, its easy
the Noli. However, El Filibustirismo is and correct dialogue, its phraseology,
shorter than Noli, it contains 38 chapters vigorous and elegant, and its profound
whereas 64 chapters of Noli. ideas and sublime thoughts.
Comparison of Noli and El Fili
 However, Lopez Jaena advise Rizal to (cont.) marvelous like all the brilliant
write another novel because he was not productions of his pen. He also said that it was
satisfied with Fili as political novel. a true twin of the Noli.
 The issue of which is the superior novel is
purely academic. Noli and El Fili are good
novels from the point of view of history.
Both depict with realistic color the actual
conditions of the Philippines and Filipinos
the decadent days of Spanish rule.
 Both are instrumental in awakening the
spirit of Filipino nationalism and are respon
sible in paving the ground for Philippine
Revolution that brought about the downfall
of Spain.
 Neither the Noli nor the Fili is superior to
one another, Mariano Ponce told Rizal that
Fili was indeed excellent novel but it was
like
 The Comparison of the Two Novel of Dr. Jose P. Rizal
Feature/Aspect Noli Me Tangere El Filibustirismo
Date & Place March 21, 1887, September 18, 1891,
Published Berlin, Germany Ghent, Belgium
Spanish
Noli Me Tangere El Filibustirismo
(Language)
English Touch Me Not/
The Reign of Greed
(Language) Social Cancer
Filipino Huwag mo Akong Ang Paghahari ng
(Language) Salingin Kasakiman
Romantic Novel, a
Political Novel, a story
story exposing the
Genre of revenge and
real situation in the
revolution
Philippines
 The Comparison of the Two Novel of Dr. Jose P. Rizal
Feature/Aspect Noli Me Tangere El Filibustirismo
To work as a pacifist, To revenge the
choosing peaceful sufferings of the family
reforms through and countrymen
education of the resulting from bitter
Concept
youth, colonial and traumatic
discrimination, an experiences, failure of
idealist introducing of the revolution planned
reforms by Simoun
Dedication Motherland GOMBURZA
Length 64 Chapters 38 Chapters
Influenced by the
Influence & Saved Saved by Valentin
novel entitled: Uncle
By Venture
Tom's Cabin