English Where are you from?

Pedagogical Module 1
Curricular threads: Communication and Cultural Awareness,
Oral Communication, Reading, Writing, Language Through the Arts

Second Course BGU

Diphthongs 5 6 DNA and heritage

Family vocabulary 4 7 Family history

Time sequencers 3
8 History of piñatas

Present perfect 2
Latin American
9 traditions

Simple past 1

Values

Socioemotional Handling Social

12 skills
11 emotions
10 relationships

Genealogy Is Family History

A family tree is an illustration that shows who inherits any property. Sometimes people
how a person is linked by blood or marriage try to falsify their family connections in order
to his or her relatives, whether living or to inherit property or because they want the
dead. Genealogy is the science of status of being part of a distinguished family.
determining who belongs to a particular family It is the duty of the genealogist to make sure
tree. that the family tree is drawn accurately: false
branches are unacceptable.
Genealogy is interesting in its own right:
all of us want to know who our relatives are. Genealogy is also important because
It is also important for certain legal matters. it allows families to understand themselves
For example, genealogy plays an important role better. To climb your family tree, you must
in laws about inheritance. In cases where the start with yourself.
line of descent is not clear, a genealogist
determines

• What do you know about your family? Have you gotten any information about
your ancestors? Have you met your grandparents or great-grandparents?

• Is genealogy important to your family?

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• What about your country? Is genealogy important in your community?

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 Lesson A

Communication and Cultural Awareness

Where are you from? And your parents? And your grandparents?

“Where I’m From” by Melanie Poonai

Read the poem “Where I’m From” written by Melanie
Poonai. This writer was a winner of Foyle Young Poets.

I am a life filled with colour,

Mineduc

From the chocolate brown that is my skin.

I am from the sunshine yellow of my mother’s
laugh, From the red and white of my brother’s
favourite football shirt. I am from the crisp
new white pages of a book, From the
miserable grey of the street I live on. I am
from green, pink and yellow; My garden in
Aum symbol
summer
filled with flowers, From the terrifying black
of the nightmares that haunt me.
Notice the spelling of the word I am from the ginger orange of my buried cat,
“colour” in this poem. This From the blue and gold of my ever-shot school
is the British spelling. Many tie.
other words that end in -or in I am from the dark oak of my grandmother’s
American English end in -our coffin, From the golden “Aum” pendant around my
in British English, like flavour, neck.
neighbour, favour, labour. I am from every pink scar etched into my body,
From the red, orange and brown of the hot
curry.
I am from every identical colour of the twins I
love, From the blue and green of a hospital ward.
I am from all that has
happened, And all that will be.

Answer the following questions from the poem considering that

Melanie Poonai is the main character. Then compare your answers with
a partner and share them with your class.

a. Where does she live?

b. What does she look like?

c. Is her cat alive?

d. What is her brother’s favorite sport?

e. Is her mother alive?

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f. Can you deduce where she is from?

g. Write down all the family members she mentions in this poem.
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2
 Oral Communication
Meeting an Old Friend

• Have you recently met

someone you hadn’t seen
for a long time?

• Why hadn’t you seen

this person?

Grammar Note
Past simple vs.
Present perfect
The present perfect
is used to talk
about
a past action or
experience within a time
frame that includes the
present.
I have watched six

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different movies this year.
Two friends saying hi in the street
Have you ever
been to Colombia?
Listen to the conversation between two old friends and answer the
The simple past is used questions that follow.
when there is a a. For how long has Steven not seen Selina?
definitive beginning and
end to an action in the
past. b. For how long has Selina been back in her hometown?
I visited Riobamba for
the first time in 2005.
c. Mention two reasons why Selina returned to her hometown.
Last Saturday, Jane
went to the movies
with her friends.

d. Has Steven gotten married?

e. How many kids does Steven have?

How do they plan to keep in contact?

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f.
3
Reading

Science
DNA: Fact or science fiction?
There are many common misconceptions about DNA testing.
• What is DNA? Let’s address them one by one so you can learn the truth about your
genetic genealogy testing options.
• What does your DNA
determine? Myth 1: Geneticists use hair and blood samples to
trace a person’s ancestry.
Although scientists do utilize hair and blood samples for paternity
tests and forensic analysis, there’s no need to draw blood or collect
hairs for a genetic genealogy test. You can order a DNA test for
yourself or someone else.
Myth 2: A DNA test can pinpoint precisely where your
ancestors lived or which tribe they belonged to.
If your ancestors stayed in one geographic region and never
allowed outsiders to enter, it would be relatively easy to distinguish
their DNA (and yours) from the DNA of people living in other
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regions. But most of our ancestors didn’t stay in one place.

DNA structure Myth 3: To find out if you and another person descend from the
same great-great-grandfather, you need to dig up his
body for a DNA sample to test.
No. There are easier ways to prove a genetic link that don’t
When you read a scientific involve literally turning relatives over in their graves. To find out if
text, there will be words you you and someone else descend from the same male ancestor, you
do not recognize. should turn to Y-DNA testing, using the Y-chromosome passed down
Remember you can use a by males.
dictionary Myth 4: The results of ancestral DNA tests are 99.9%
or the context to help you. accurate, just like the DNA tests on CSI.
Sometimes you need to
read a complex text many Genetic genealogy isn’t an exact science it involves interpretation.
times to understand it. Remember that a genetic mutation can occur at any time, so even
a father’s and son’s results might not match exactly.
Myth 5: If you take a DNA test, you can find out who your
Vocabulary great- grandmother’s parents were.

DNA. abbreviation for Your DNA test results won’t reveal your ancestors’ names, but
Deoxyribonucleic Acid. you can use them to do a little detective work online. Enter your Y-
The chemical at the center of DNA marker values—or your relative’s—into a public DNA database.
the cells of living things that
controls the structure and
purpose of each cell and
carries genetic information Discuss these questions with a partner.
during reproduction
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• Which of these myths did you believe?

Y-DNA. the Y chromosome,
also called Y-DNA, is passed • After reading this text, do you think DNA testing is valuable?
virtually unchanged from Why or why not?
father to son

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 Writing
My Poem
After having enjoyed the poem “Where I’m 4. Final Version - My Poem
From” by Melanie Poonai, it’s your turn to create Title:
a piece of writing that represents specific moments
and memories in your life that contribute to who
you are now. This poem is about you.

1. Brainstorm some ideas of people, places, and

moments that are very special to you. You can use
their real names or imaginary names. Write some
ideas on the lines below.

People

Places

Memories

2. Write a draft in your notebook.

Begin with: I am from

(Here fill in the blank with one of the items you
listed while brainstorming)

Continue on the next line with: From

and
(Fill in each blank with items from your list.)

3. Continue this format until you have completed

at least 8 lines of your poem.

End the poem with an explanation of memories,

symbols, items, pictures, or souvenirs that
represent some of the topics you wrote about
in your poem.

Reread your poem and edit it as necessary. This

poem can be rewritten over and over, adding
or deleting ideas to make it perfect!

In the space on the right side, write the final version

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of your poem.

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Language Through the Arts

Social Studies
Do you know your family’s history?

My Family Tree

Step 1: Before you start building your family tree, it

is essential to interview your grandparents or older
relatives and ask them about your family ancestors.
Here are some topics you can ask them about:

a. Places where your family has lived and your

family’s religious history
b. Schools they went to
c. Their father, mother, brothers, and sisters
d. Your paternal grandfather and grandmother

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e. Your maternal grandfather and grandmother
f. Great-grandparents and extended family
g. Any immigration in the family
If you don’t want to use your own family, you can
research information on a famous or fictional family
and do a tree for them. Step 3: Try to find some family photos you can
use to help illustrate your tree. If you don’t have
access to photos, clip pictures from a newspaper
or magazine that resemble your family members.
Step 2: After gathering information about your
family, review the following abbreviations and Illustrate your tree on poster board or any other
forms to explain connections on a family tree: material you like. Be sure to decorate it like a tree.

b. = Born bap. = Baptized m. = Married

c. = Circa d. = Dead ad. = Adopted
bd. = Buried dv. = Divorced Step 4: Share your family tree with the class.

The short horizontal line between a man and Mother Father Stepmother Her husband
a woman indicates a marriage. The vertical lines
indicate children. Brother Me Half sister Stepsister

First Great- Great- Great-great- Great- Great-

Generation grandmother grandfather uncle grandmother grandfather

Generation Grandmother Grandfather Grandmother Grandfather Great-aunt

Generation Uncle Aunt Mother Father Aunt Uncle Aunt

Fourth Cousin’s First Brother Me Sister Brother First

Generation spouse cousin in law cousin
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Fifth First cousin Nephew Niece

Generation once removed

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 Oral Communication
John and Mary's Family

1. In pairs, observe the picture and tell your partner what you see.
Focus on the relationships between the members of the family.

Mineduc
2. Work with a partner and answer the questions.
Have a conversation with your partner about
a. Who are John and Mary? John and Mary are his/her family tree.
Mike’s • Does it look like this one or do you have
other relationships?
b. Who is Ana? Ana is Mary’s
• Do you think that all families are the same?
c. Who are Tim, Mike, and Ana? They are Mark’s
• What is a traditional family like vs.
a modern family?
d. Who are Jane and Mark? They are Mike’s

e. Who is Mike? Mike is John’s

f. Who are Tim, Mike, Ana, Kate and Steve? They

are Mary’s
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g. Who is Steve? Steve is Jack’s

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 Lesson B

Communication and Cultural Awareness

Have you ever spent time with an indigenous family?

Living with an Indigenous Family

Jayson McNamara is an Australian journalist,
writer, and a TV production editor who lives Decide if the following statements are True (T)
in Buenos Aires. He is passionate about traveling or False (F) according to the reading.
and history. In his blog he shares his experience
living with an indigenous family in Ecuador. He True False
says that South American indigenous communities 1. Indigenous families are only
are very distinct and provides some tips to keep one religion.
in mind when you live with an indigenous host
family in Ecuador. 2. The Pachamama is a god.

Faith 3. The Pachamama influences

In Ecuador, many types of mixed religious the harvest.
expressions are possible. They have their roots
in both history and nature, with the Spanish 4. Women have an important
role in families.
having implanted their European religion and the
indigenous population having maintained a strong 5. In Otavalo, people believe
spiritual connection to the land. illness is caused by bacteria.
Pachamama
The Pachamama, otherwise known as Mother
Earth and also referred to as Mama Pacha,
is an Andean spiritual figure from ancient Incan Discuss the following questions with a partner.
society where she was considered the bearer of • Why do you think foreigners like to learn about
fertility, as seen in her influence over the Ecuadorian family culture?
harvests. Throughout the year in Ecuador, spiritual
• What do you know about indigenous families
practices in indigenous communities see the
in Ecuador?
Pachamama help with good harvests.
• Would you like a foreigner to share time with
Gender your family for a couple of months?
Gender roles are different in indigenous
• How do you think foreign families are different
families, especially when it comes to the role from families in Ecuador?
of women. Native women have important
leadership roles within indigenous families and
communities, taking charge of household
finances, participating actively in agriculture,
and taking on the role of curanderos, or spiritual
healers.
Medicine
In indigenous Ecuador, traditional and natural Vocabulary
medicine dominates. They rely on a variety of
bearer. person who has or holds something
plants to cure common illnesses. In the culture of
Otavalo, for example, people believe that illness harvest. when a person collects fruits and
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is caused by four things: fright, evil wind, vegetables that are ready to eat from the plants
evil spirits, or foreign objects. fright. fear

Adapted from https://bit.ly/38ZyHNE

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 Oral Communication

At this moment of your life, who is the most important person for you? Why?

Important People in Our Lives

Grammar Note

Are the important people in our lives always the same during We use the present
every part of our lives? Why or why not? perfect to talk about
things that
are unfinished – unfinished
states and unfinished time
periods. The present perfect
acts as a bridge between the
past and the present.
I’ve known my boyfriend
since I was 15 years old.
(unfinished state)
My family and I have
lived in Guaranda since I
was
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a little boy.
Happy girl with her grandmother and her baby
sister She has been to the cinema
two times this month.
1. Listen to teens talk about important people in their lives and answer (unfinished time period)
the questions below.
We have already had three
• Who do you think Girl A refers to? holidays this year.
I have eaten too much
• Who do you think Boy B refers to? bread today.

• Who do you think Girl C refers to?

• Who do you think Boy D refers to?

2. Listen again and write down some traits about each of the people
they describe.
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Language Through the Arts

Social Studies
Have you ever played with a piñata?

The History of Piñatas

A piñata is a container that is decorated and filled with
sweets, toys, or fruit. It is often in the shape of a star, animal,
or popular character. The piñata has become a symbol
of Mexico and many countries in Latin America. However,
it actually has Chinese origins: the explorer Marco Polo
brought the Chinese tradition to Europe and a bishop named
Diego Soria brought the tradition to America. Towards
the end of the 1500s, Diego Soria gave Christian masses
during the eight days before Christmas, with the intention

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of spreading the religion to the natives of Mexico. The
piñata was a part of this religious mass, often filled with
fruits. People would try to break it with a wooden stick,
because
they were considered free of sin if they were able to break
it open. The piñatas were in the shape of a star back then.
Piñatas became very popular shortly after that. In the UK,
piñatas often take the form of a donkey that is filled with
sweets. Some believe this represents a cruel image and that
piñatas should take other forms different from animals.
In modern times, piñatas are an important part of many
children’s parties in Latin America.
Source: British Council (2017). The history of piñatas. Retrieved from https://bit.ly/2QnZFZ0

• Have you ever hit a piñata? Where? When? Fix these incorrect sentences to make them correct
according to the reading.

• Piñatas first appeared in Latin America.

• The Jewish faith was the first to use piñatas.

• Imagine you could make your own piñata.
What shape and colors would you choose?

• Piñatas are often filled with money.

• In the US, piñatas are often shaped like donkeys.

• Now piñatas are an important part of parties

in China.
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 Oral Communication
Diphthongs
English is not always pronounced exactly how it is written.
The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is a system of symbols that
help us to pronounce any language in the world. You will see some
of these symbols on this page. They represent vowel sounds.

1. Diphthongs are the combination of two vowel sounds. Here are some
written using the IPA. Pronounce these words slowly and pay attention
to the sounds.

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[e ] as in: day [a ] as in: eye [ I] as in: boy

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[a ] as in: mouth [o ] as in: boat

2. Can you think of more words that have each of these sounds in them?
Work in groups of two and work for 5 minutes. Your teacher will time
you. Write the words in the correct column in this box. The group that
has the most amount of correct words at the end of 5 minutes wins!

[e ] [a ] [ I] [a ] [o ]
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Reading
Value: Socioemotional skills
Are you a good friend?

Friendship
You might think you are the perfect friend, but are
you really? Take this short test to find out. Read the • What is friendship?
questions and select one answer.
• Do you have a lot of friends or do you have a
small group of close friends?
1. You are at home a Saturday afternoon when your
friend calls you and says he/she is downtown and
has spent all his/her money and feels really ill. His/
her family is away for the day. You… Analyze the answers
a. go as quickly as you can to help your friend, Mostly As: You are a great friend, but don’t let your
even though it will take a long time on the bus friends take advantage of you.
to get into town.
Mostly Bs: You are a pretty good friend, but not
b. tell your friend to get a taxi and come to your reliable in a real emergency.
house. You think your parents will probably
pay, but it might be very hard to find a taxi. Mostly Cs: With friends like you, who needs
enemies? You need to treat your friends the way
c. recommend that your friend walk home. The you would like them to treat you.
fresh air will make your friend feel better.

2. Your friend has been having lots of problems with

Reading comprehension
math, but you find it easy. Next week you have
a big math test and your friend has asked you for • Do you think these quiz results really show
some help. You… something about you? Why?
a. sit down with your friend and organize some
times for extra math classes together, even
though this means you have less time to study.

b. show your friend some online video that

explains the important points and some
questions with answers.

c. tell your friend that he/she can copy from you on

the math test; you will make sure he/she can
see your paper.
3. Your friend has just completely changed his/her
• What do you think about the statement,
image: a new red and blue hairstyle and new
“If a friendship lasts longer than 7 years, you are
clothes in terrible colors. Now he/she wants you
no longer just friends. You are family.”
to go with him/her to get some tattoos and
piercings done. You…

a. suggest that he/she think carefully before

having tattoos or piercings done- tattoos are
very hard to remove if you change your mind.

b. say that you will go with him/her for a laugh,

but you don’t want anything done yourself.

c. tell him/her what you think of his/her new look

(that it’s awful), and that he/she should get
professional advice before doing anything else.
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 Writing
Informal Language and Abbreviations
Nowadays young people communicate with their family and friends
through IM (Instant Messages) or SMS (Short Message Service).
Instant messages and short messages are written using another type of Important tips for writing
language. This text message language varies from Spanish to English. IM and SMS:
Let’s explore your knowledge about it.
1. You don’t need to
1. Match the phrases with the common abbreviations. write full sentences
or questions.
Phrases Abbreviations U home? (Are you home?)
a. Lisa’s house <3 <3 <3
2. Add extra punctuation
marks or vowels to add
b. you xxx
excitement.
c. laughing out loud @ Reeeallyyy???

d. at lol
3. Use abbreviations.
lol = laughing out loud
e. kisses u thx = thanks

f. (hearts) =love Lisa’s 4. Use letters or numbers

instead of words.
u=
you r =
are
2 = to
c= see
b=be
5. Use symbols.
@ = at
<3= heart
x=a
kiss
XO = hug and kiss
6. You should only write
in this way to family
and friends.
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Texting a message
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2. Now get in groups of two and write a text message exchange.

Use some of the symbols you have seen here and also any others
you know. Your text message should have 10 lines per person.

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Assessment

Achievement Level - Reading

Individual activity

1 Read the text and choose the correct word Anna was on the phone with her aunt
for each space. For each question, circle the Antonia from Guadalupe. Antonia told her
correct option - A, B, C or D. that the restaurant (7) hosts weddings
every weekend but that the next weekend
We Are Getting Married in the
the celebration had been canceled so as a
Caribbean
joke she (8) Anna if they would like to
Anna and Jay decided to get married. They finally get married because the restaurant
decided they were going to have a romantic was available. So Jay (9) it was a great
wedding (0) A at sunset. She bought a and magical place for their wedding and they
new bikini and some sunblock. Jay (1) (10) aunt Antonia’s offer.
to the travel agency to book their plane
tickets and a hotel room. They (2) their
family and friends and they are organizing
a barbecue to celebrate with them when
they come back. They (3) to get
married on the beach because Anna grew
up on Guadalupe, a French Caribbean
island. She has some relatives and

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childhood friends there. So when they (4)
to celebrate their wedding, all of them
offered their help. Anna and Jay (5)
for more than 10 years now. They got
engaged three years ago but they (6)
yet when to get married until a week ago.

A. on the beach
0. B. on a mountain C. on a river D. on a bus
(example)

1. A. have just been B. has just been C. had just been D. were

2. A. has told B. had told C. have told D. told

3. A. have decided B. has decided C. had decided D. decided

4. A. had decided B. have been deciding C. has decided D. decided

5. A. had been together B. were together C. are together D. have been together

6. A. has decided B. had not decided C. has not decided D. have not decided

7. A. she manages B. she will manage C. she had managed D. she is going to manage
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8. A. has asked B. were asked C. asked D. had asked

9. A. think B. thought C. had thought D. will think

10. A. is accepted B. was accepted C. had accepted D. accepted

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 Assessment Where are you from?
¿Xxxxxxx?

Achievement Level - Writing

Individual activity

2 Write a short paragraph of 50-70 words describing your definition

of the word “family”. Pay close attention to your tenses.

Achievement Level - Grammar

Grupal activity

3 In pairs, observe these pictures and answer the following questions

using the present perfect and simple past.
Flickr/Ministerio de Turismo Ecuador

Wikipedia /Aaronmormot
Wikipedia / Gerard Prins

a. Have you ever been a. Have you ever been a. Have you ever been
to a volcano? to a lagoon? to the beach?
b. Have you ever climbed b. Have you ever swum or b. Have you ever swum
a very high mountain? been in a boat in a in the Pacific Ocean?
lagoon?
c. Have you been there c. Have you been there
with your family? c. Have you been there with with your classmates?
your friends?

I’m completing this self-evaluation based on what I learned in the module.

Self-evaluation I check the box that most applies to me

I do it I can’t do it
Topics I do it very well I can improve
somewhat well without help
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Discuss Latin American traditions

Write a poem

Understand and use the simple past and present perfect

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 Project 1

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Someone Very Special
Choose a member of your family who has lived a memorable life and write
his/her life story.
Remember to use time Step 1
sequencers to help your
Write down 10 questions to gather his/her life story and then interview
reader to follow your story.
this person.
You can also use specific
years: “In 1975, my Step 2
grandfather moved from Record the interview or take notes and collect pictures and memories from
Ambato to Quito.”
this person’s interesting life.

Step 3

Create a brochure where you have: a front’ page with this person’s photo)
and name and five pages with this person s life story (in chronological order
including pictures. It should be 80-100 words. Pay attention to your tenses.
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 Let’s Review

Present Perfect Just / Yet / Already / Still

Complete the sentences. Complete the sentences by writing in the blank
1. How many emails the appropriate word
today? a. yet b. just c. already d. still
a. have you lived b. have you sent 1. I haven’t found a house .
2. a whale in real life? Everything around Machala’s downtown
is very expensive.
a. Have you ever seen b. Has stolen
2. Mario has bought a new car.
3. Someone my cell phone! I am going to see it.
Oh no! All my contacts are there.
3. Have the house painters finished painting your
a. have eaten b. has stolen
house ?
4. How long in Cuenca?
4. Mom! Have you finished cooking dinner
a. have you lived b. have played
?
5. This is the first time I
a ceviche from Manabí. 5. He has arrived, so you can
start preparing lunch.
a. have eaten b. have read

Review vocabulary about family members

Family tree vocabulary
1 2

5
Across
6

1. Your mother’s or father’s child.

3. Your grandparents’ parents.
4. Your mother’s or father’s brother.
6. Your mother’s or father’s sister.
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Down
2. My sister’s husband.
5. Your mother’s new husband.
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 Lesson C

Communication and Cultural Awareness

Social Studies
What typical Latin American family traditions do you know?

The Quinceañera
Grammar Note
• Have you ever been to a fifteen-year-old party?
Past simple vs.
Present perfect • Have you already turned 15? If you are a girl, did you have a party?
If you are a boy, have you participated in a fifteen-years-old party?
The simple past and present How was it?
perfect are both used to talk • Do you think the best gift for a quinceañera is a party?
about events in the past.
• Why is this celebration so important for some families in Ecuador?
The simple past is used for
events that began and ended
in the past, while the present One of Latin America’s traditions is called the quinceañera, which
perfect is used for events means ‘fifteen-year-old birthday girl’. It is when a young girl turns 15
that are still somehow and she has a big party to celebrate. It is a fusion of local ancient
related culture and Spanish Catholicism. In 16th-century Spain, a girl turning
to the present. 15 had to decide between dedicating her life to God or getting
Have you ever married. Back then, in line with the Catholic tradition, the girl
traveled to England? would wear a white dress; however, girls now wear dresses of any
color, pink being the most traditional one. Finding the right dress
Yes! I went two years ago. for your quinceañera is a big deal. The dresses have lots of fabric. The
Yet and still are usually used party costs a lot of money.
with the present perfect,
usually for events that were The first part of the celebration is the religious ceremony at the
expected to finish earlier. church. Then at the birthday party, there’s music, dancing, and lots
Notice where they appear of food. Family and friends are invited to enjoy the special day. The
in the sentence. father dances with his daughter and there is a modern dance by the
birthday girl. It is an incredible party that leaves fond memories for all
I haven’t done my those who attend!
homework for tomorrow
Source: The quinceañera – fifteen-year-old birthday girl!. Retrieved from
yet. https://bit.ly/2vSQEjF

I still haven’t done my

homework for tomorrow.

Vocabulary

a big deal. something that

is very important

fond. beautiful, warm, positive

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 Oral Communication
Spending Time with Friends
1. Fill in the blanks with already or yet. Then read the conversation out Grammar Note
loud with a partner.
Already
Frank: Have you planned your weekend (a) ?
“Already” is used to say that
Simon: Oh, yes. I’m taking Paula to see the Avengers.
something has happened
Frank: I (b) bought the tickets. early – or earlier than
it might have happened.
Simon: Oh, right, the new film. Have you invited her (c)

? a. I’ve already used all my

cell phone minutes and
Frank: Well, I haven’t called her (d) it’s two weeks before the
But she said last week she wants to see it.
month ends.
Simon: It’s very good.
b. The bus has already left!
Frank: You saw it (e) ? That’s quick! What are you going to do?
Simon: Yes, I did. And Paula (f) saw it, “Already” usually comes
too. Frank: How do you know? between the subject and
the auxiliary verb have.
Simon: We went together last night.

2. Diphthongs sounds are the combination of two vowel sounds.

Remember the diphthongs in English are: [ei], [ai], [au], [oi], [ou] Role Play

Your teacher is going to read the following words out loud and you Get in pairs: one person
have to place them in the correct space: is Student A and one is
Student B.
baby - private - bacon - library - paper - final - April - minus
danger - crisis - angel - stranger - basis - lazy - crazy - Pretend you want to invite
climate bicycle - horizon item - idea - identity - biology your best friend to watch
a movie or to have ice cream
in the park. Student A invites
Student B. But there is a
[e ] [a ] problem: student A’s parents
do not allow him/her to go
because he/she got bad
grades last month. Student
A and B try to find a solution
together to be able to go.
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[ei] as in: day [ai] as in: Friends watching a movie

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eye
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Reading

Are you a good friend?

Contacting Friends

• Do you write letters

or emails?

Read the following emails between friends and answer the • Do you write letters
questions that follow. or emails often?
Who do you write them to?

• When was the last time you

From: Simon Garcia To: sent a letter or an email?
Frank Romero Subject:
How’s it going? June 2,
2019 13h20

Hey Frank, • Why is Simon writing an

email to his friend Frank?
I haven’t heard from you since you arrived in Guayaquil.

How are you doing? Is the family you’re staying with nice?
Who is taking taekwondo with you?

Write soon! • Why has Frank not been

able to write Simon earlier?
Simon

• What is Frank doing

in Guayaquil?

From: Frank Romero To:

Simon Garcia Subject:
How’s it going? June 3, • Who is he living with?
2019 20h00

Hi Simon,
• Mention the places he
Sorry I haven’t written until now. Since I got here I’ve been has visited in Guayaquil.
really busy with the training and making new friends. I’m
doing taekwondo 8 hours a day and going out at night with
my taekwondo friends. We have visited Malecón 2000 and • Have you ever been
Parque de las Iguanas. We’re a real mix of Ecuadorians from to another city to train
all over the country: ambateños, quiteños, cuencanos, for a sport tournament?
otavaleños, there are also participants from Machala and
Loja. Besides training for the tournament, I am learning
about other cultures from my country.

My host family is really nice. The parents, Susan and Paul,

are very friendly and kind. The children are Lewis and Amy.
They’re both in high school and are very sweet; only Amy
takes taekwondo, Lewis plays soccer.

Take care,
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Frank
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 Writing

Informal greetings Informal closings

Hi Simon, Take care,
There are two types of
Hi Simon! Talk later, letters or emails: formal and
informal. Here we will
Hi Simon- See you! focus on the informal one.
Hi Simon. Love, The basic structure of an
informal letter or email is:
Hey Simon, Hugs and kisses,
Informal Greeting
Main body
(1 or 2 paragraphs)
Informal closing
Now you are going to read an email that your friend Pablo sent you
from Cuenca and you are going to write the response. Your When writing an informal
response should be between 60 and 75 words. letter or email to a friend
you can:
Sound “chatty” like when
From: Pablo
you are talking to a friend.
To: (your name)
Subject: How’s it going? Use an informal beginning
September 3, 2019 20h00 and an informal end.
Hi (your name) Use contractions.
I’m really happy that we’ll see each other next weekend
Use informal words and
in Tena! A friend of mine plays in a band and they’re going
to play a small concert on Friday evening. Would you like expressions.
to go and see my friend playing with her group?

We need to decide what to do on Saturday. We could

either go rafting in the Tena river ( I’m sure you’d love to see
the beauty of the river and experience the rafts) or we could
go to Puyo and visit the zoo there.

One more thing. What time does your bus arrive at the Tena
Bus Station?

See you soon!

Pablo

Now in your notebook write a response email to Pablo.

From: (your name)

To: Pablo
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Subject: How’s it going?

September 7, 2019 15h30
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Language Through the Arts

What is your favorite family tradition?

Making a Classic Birthday Cake

A birthday cake can make a birthday special.
Whether you’re celebrating kids or yourself,
everyone should have a cake on their birthday.
Homemade birthday cake is one of the best gifts
to give. The secret to making a homemade
birthday cake at any time is a one-bowl cake.
Here’s how to make a classic, kid-friendly birthday
cake for any birthday celebration.
Recipe
Makes 1 (2-layer) 9-inch cake,
8 to 12 servings
Ingredients
1/2 cup unsalted butter,

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at room temperature
Birthday cake
1-1/2 cups granulated sugar
3 large eggs
2-1/4 cups all-purpose flour Now in the space provided write a recipe
of a cake, cookies, or any special birthday
1 teaspoon salt dish you like! Include a drawing or an image
of this dish.
3-1/2 teaspoons baking powder
My Recipe
1-1/4 cups whole milk
1 teaspoon vanilla extract

1. Use room-temperature butter, butter that is not

cold or warm. It should be soft. Mix in the
eggs
and milk.
2. Slowly add the flour. If you have an electric
mixer, use it. Mix for three minutes.
3. Put some butter on the bottom and sides of the
cake pans so that the cake does not stick. Put the
cake mix in the bottom of the cake pan.
4. Bake in the oven at 180 degrees Celsius for
30 minutes or until the cake is golden.
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5. Cool the cake completely. Cover it with frosting

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if you like and enjoy!

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 Oral Communication
Party Time!
Grammar Note
Simple past and
time markers
The simple past is used
to talk about a past action
that started in the past and
finished in the past. Time
markers help to differentiate
when an action happened
in the past or when an
action is unfinished.
Here are some useful time

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markers used for actions
Girl blowing a candle
in the simple past: yesterday,
the other day, last week, last
Paula is preparing for her fifteen-year-old birthday party. Look at her list month, last year, just now, ago
and write sentences about what she has already done and what she hasn’t
done yet. Use already and yet.
and when.
Other common simple past
time markers are: in 2000,
in October, on Tuesday June
1. make a list of all her family and friends 11, on New Year’s Eve, on my
birthday, etc.
2. decide where to have the party

3. send invitations to family and friends

4. reserve a restaurant

5. plan the food

6. order the drinks

7. buy the dress

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1. Paula already made a list of all her family and friends.

2.

3.

4.

5.
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6.

7.

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 Lesson D

Communication and Cultural Awareness

Friendship around the world.

International Day of Friendship

The International Day of Friendship is an relevance and importance of friendship as a noble
initiative that follows on the proposal made by the and valuable sentiment in the lives of human beings
UNESCO and taken up by the UN General around the world. The resolution involves young
Assembly in 1997. In its resolution of 1998, the people, as future leaders, in community activities
General Assembly recognized that enormous harm that include different cultures and promote
and suffering are caused to children through international understanding and respect for
different forms of violence. It emphasized diversity.
promoting a culture of peace and non- violence in
children through education. If children learn to For the International Day of Friendship, the UN
live together in peace and harmony, that will encourages governments, organizations, and civil
contribute to international peace and cooperation. society groups to do activities that contribute to
promoting dialogue among civilizations, solidarity,
The UN declared July 30 as the International mutual understanding, and reconciliation.
Day of Friendship. It is based on the recognition
of the

Value: Social relations

After reading about the International Day
of Friendship, discuss these questions in pairs.
Then come together as a class to talk about
your opinions.

• Did you know that the UN declared July 30 the

International Day of Friendship?

• Do Ecuadorians celebrate July 30 as the

International Day of Friendship?

• Do Ecuadorians celebrate friendship?

• What is friendship for you?

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If you find just one TRUE FRIEND in your lifetime, you have been truly blessed

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 Oral Communication
Adventure Swimming Pool

2. You are going to listen to a conversation

between Martin and a receptionist. Complete the
registration form with Martin’s information.

Adventure Swimming Pool

Registration Form

Name: Martin

Last name:

Age:

Interested in (sport ):
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3. Are the sentences True (T) or False (F)?

Circle the correct answer.
Swimming Pool
• There are four different age groups that play
1. Your teacher is going to read the following words water polo.
out loud and you have to place them in the
True False
correct space:
• Martin wants to join the under-14 club.
how - road - load - cow - now - allow -
owl brown - boat - coat - oat - down - True False
clown drown - oak - soak - goal - coal -
• The under-18 water polo team trains three
crown crowd - powder - coach - approach
times a week.
- roast browse - toast - boast - coast -
browser town - loud - proud - cloud - out - True False
shout about - doubt - noun - house - soul
shoulder - though - although - dough • The under-18 team trains on Monday and
mouse - mouth - south - couch Thursday evenings.
True False
[au] [ou] • Water polo matches are played on Sundays.

True False

• You have to pay to join the water polo classes

for under-18.

True False

• You need to bring a photo to register at the

swimming pool.

True False

• Training for the water polo team starts

this week.

True False
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Reading
Value: Handling emotions
What makes someone a “true friend”?

Discuss these questions in small groups.

• Do you have many friends?
• Is there a special person who you can call your
best friend?
• Do you celebrate friendship?

The Meaning of a True Friend

Once there was a young girl named Jennifer

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who was very friendly and popular in her class.
She was friends with everyone in her class. She
had so many friends at school and in her
neighborhood.
On Friendship Day, her class organized a party
in which everybody had to make presents and give
Based on what you just read, answer the
them to their best friends. Jennifer was expecting
following questions.
a lot of gifts from her friends on that day.
However, when the day arrived, all the presents a. What is Friendship Day?
were shared among her classmates. She was the
only one who didn’t receive a single present. She
felt terrible and cried a lot because no one
thought of her as one of their best friends. b. According to Jennifer’s mother, what does
it mean to be a good friend?
On that day when she got home, Jennifer asked
her mother: “Mom, where can I find a true friend?”
Her mother was surprised, so Jennifer told her
mom
about her day at school. She cried and hugged her
mom. Her mother said:
c. Why doesn’t Jennifer have friends?
“You cannot buy friends with a smile. If you
really want true friends, you will have to give
them real time and affection. You’re a great girl,
but you can’t be close friends with everybody. d. What is the difference between a classmate
There just isn’t enough time for everyone, so it’s and a true friend?
only possible to have a few true friends. Most will
be your classmates. Your close friends you can
count on one hand”.
e. Who is Jennifer’s true friend?
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f. In your personal opinion: is it difficult to find

true friends?
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 Writing
An E-mail for Jennifer
It is essential to remember what you need to consider when writing
someone for the first time.
First, you need to greet the person you are writing to. Since
Jennifer is a young person like you, you can use an informal greeting.
Second, you need to know why you are writing this person an
email. Then, draft the questions you are going to ask.

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Third, use an informal closing to say goodbye.

After reading Jennifer’s story, you decide to send her an email

because you want to share with her an experience you have
had related to friendship. In your email you must:

• Describe your experience. It can be a positive

or a negative experience.

• Say what you learned from this friendship.

• Tell Jennifer what you think about her experience

and ask her what she plans to do next.

• Write 60-75 words.

From:

To:

Subject:

Date:
eeppikik/
macartur
FFrere

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Language Through the Arts

What is architecture?

Gaudi: "God's Architect"

Antoni Gaudí i Cornet was a Spanish architect. He was born
In groups of 5 students,
in Catalonia. He got ideas from neo-Gothic art, Art Deco and
prepare a presentation about
Gaudi and his work. Each Oriental techniques. Seven of his buildings were declared World
group should research: Heritage Sites by the UNESCO. Some of his most popular
masterpieces are pictured below.
1. Gaudí’s biography

2. Gaudí’s most important

works including a short
description.

3. Choose one of Gaudí’s

works you like the most
and draw it. Present your

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drawing to the class.

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Sagrada Familia Cathedral Park Güell

Interesting Facts
Antoni Gaudí’s nickname was
“God’s architect” because
he built and dedicated his
masterpieces to God.

Flickr / gin-star
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Casa Milà Casa Vicens

Flickr / Peter Hourie

Antoni Gaudí

Vocabulary

nickname. a name that is used

for fun usually based on a
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person’s characteristics
masterpiece. an artist’s most
incredible work of art
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Casa Batlló

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 Oral Communication
Let's Party!

Role Play.

In pairs: Student A and Student B.

Situation: Pretend you are preparing a birthday party. Prepare a role

play where student A calls student B on the phone to invite him/her
to a birthday party. Each person should have at least 6 lines. You
can write the role play here. Then practice it and perform it in front
of the class.

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[oi] as in: boy

Your teacher is going to read the

following words out loud. Write
only the words that contain the
sound [oi] in the box.

noise - voice - toast - boast

avoid - poison - join - coin
point - boil - foil - oil - joy -
toy boy - annoy - coast -
employ
destroy - toying - soul - shoulder
employing - destroying annoying
- loyal - royal
voyage - annoyance - though
oyster - destroyer - although
dough - employer.

[oi]
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Assessment

Achievement Level - Listening

Individual activity

1 Listen to the short recordings. For each recording, choose

the best picture.

1. What will the weather be like on the weekend?

a. b. c.

2. What did the woman do on holiday?

a. b. c.

3. Where’s the man’s book?

a. b. c.
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Achievement Level - Reading

Individual activity

2 Look at the text in each question. What does it say?

Mark the correct letter: a, b or c.
1. After opening, keep in a refrigerator and use within two days.
a. This product doesn’t need to be kept cool.
b. This product can last for two days after you open it.
c. This product must be put in a refrigerator immediately.
2. The hotel dining room is available for private parties on Sundays.
a. You cannot eat here at weekends.
b. Hotel guests can have parties in their rooms.
c. It is possible to hire the dining room.
3. Summer swimming timetable has changed. Please ask at reception for details.
a. Get information about new times from the receptionist.
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b. Tell the receptionist about any change in your details.

c. The swimming pool is open at the usual times.

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 Assessment Where are you from?
¿Xxxxxxx?

Achievement Level - Speaking

Individual activity

3 You are choosing a present for your friend’s fifteen-year-old birthday party.
Look at the picture below. Talk about what presents you can buy and decide
which one to get.
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Chocolates Flowers Teddy bear

Achievement Level - Writing

Individual activity

4 You stayed with your friend, Frank, last weekend. Write an email to Frank.
In your email, you should: thank him for the visit, say what you enjoyed
most, invite him to stay with you. Write 35-45 words in the space provided.

I’m completing this self-evaluation based on what I learned in the module.

Self-evaluation I check the box that most applies to me

I do it I can’t do it
Topics I do it very well I can improve
somewhat well without help

Discuss Latin American traditions, family and culture

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Understand and use the simple past, present perfect,

and time sequencers

Identify diphthongs

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 Project 2

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Friendship Day at School
You have learned that the UN declared July 30 Step 2
as International Friendship Day. Your English class is
going to visit other classes around your school, sharing Show your artistic side. Each member of the team
posters, presentations, poems, songs, and roles plays should prepare: a poem, a song, a dance, a story,
in English about the importance of a friend. Complete a poster, or a role play about what friends mean to you.
the following steps:
Step 3 (Optional)
Step 1
With the help of your teacher and school, organize
Get in groups of 4-5 students. Choose a team leader. a day where each team visits different classes around
Prepare a presentation where you will present school and presents their expositions, poems, songs,
the results of the research that you have done on dances, and art about friendship.
International Friendship Day declared by the UN.

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