SYLLABUS

for Courses affiliated to the

Kerala University of Health Sciences
Thrissur 680596

Master of Dental Surgery (MDS)

Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics
Course Code: 245
(2021-2022 Academic year onwards
Modified as per DCI MDS Course (3rd Amendment)
Regulations 2019)
 2. COURSE CONTENT

2.1 Title of course:

MDS Orthodontics and DentofacialOrthopaedics

2.2 Objectives of course

1. Goals
The goals of postgraduate training in various specialities are to train the BDS graduate
whowill:
 Practice respective specialty efficiently and effectively, backed by scientific
knowledgeand skill.
 Exercise empathy and a caring attitude and maintain high ethical standards.
 Continue to evince keen interest in continuing professional education in the
specialtyand allied specialties irrespective of whether in teaching or practice.
 Willing to share the knowledge and skills with any learner, junior or a colleague.
 To develop the faculty for critical analysis and evaluation of various concepts and
views,to adopt the most rational approach.

2. Objectives
The objective is to train a candidate so as to ensure higher competence in both general and
special area of interest and prepare him for a career in teaching, research and
specialtypractice. A candidate must achieve a high degree of clinical proficiency in the
subjectmatter and develop competence in research and its methodology as related to the
fieldconcerned.
The above objectives are to be achieved by the time the candidate completes the course.
The objectives may be considered as under –
1. Knowledge (Cognitive Domain)
2. Skills (Psychomotor Domain)
3. Human values, ethical practice and communication abilities.

2.1. Knowledge
 Demonstrate an understanding of basic sciences relevant to the specialty.
 Describe the etiology, pathophysiology, principles of diagnosis and management
ofcommonproblems within the specialty in adults and children.
 Identify social, economic, environmental and emotional determinants in a given
caseand take them into account for planning treatment.
 Recognize the conditions that may be outside the area of specialty/competence and to
referthem to an appropriate specialist.
 Update of knowledge by self-study and by attending courses, conferences and
seminarsrelevant to specialty.
 Undertake audit; use information technology and carryout research both basic
andclinical with the aim of publishing or presenting the work at various scientific
gatherings.

2.2. Skills
 Take a proper clinical history, examine the patient, perform essential
diagnosticprocedures and order relevant tests and interpret them to come to a
reasonablediagnosis about the condition.
  Acquire adequate skills and competence in performing various procedures as required
inthe specialty.

2.3. Human values, ethical practice and communication abilities

 Adopt ethical principles in all aspects of practice.
 Fostering of professional honesty and integrity.
 Deliver patient care, irrespective of social status, caste, creed, or religion of the
patient.
 Develop communication skills, in particular skill to explain various options available
inmanagement and to obtain a true informed consent from the patient.
 Provide leadership and get the best out of the team in congenial working atmosphere.
 Apply high moral and ethical standards while carrying out human or animal research.
 Be humble and accept the limitations in knowledge and skill and to ask for help
fromcolleagues when needed.
 Respect patient’s rights and privileges including patient’s right to information and
right to seek a second opinion
 Develop attitude to seek opinion from allied medical and dental specialists as and
when required

2.3 Medium of instruction:

The medium of instruction for the course shall be English.

2.4 Course outline

Orthodontics deals with the prevention, interception and correction of dentofacial anomalies
and malocclusion and the harmonizing of the structures involved, so that the dental
mechanisms will function in a normal way.

2.5 Duration
The course shall be of three years duration. All the candidates for the degree of MDS are
required to pursue the recommended course for at least three academic years as full
timecandidates in an institution affiliated to and approved for Postgraduate studies by KUHS,
observing the norms put forward by the DCI.
i. There will be no reduction for the course duration for any of the students including service
candidates, diploma holders and those who have done senior house surgeoncy or equivalent
research experience.
ii. No student shall be permitted to complete the course by attending more than 6 continuous
years.
iii. A candidate selected for admission in a Dental College is obliged to follow the
curriculum, rules and regulations as approved by the Dental Council of India and the
University Curriculum, rules or regulations are subject to changes from time to time.

2.6 Subjects
The program outlined, address both the knowledge needed in Orthodontics and allied
Medical specialties in its scope. A minimum of three years of formal training through a
graded system of education as specified, will equip the trainee with skill and knowledge at its
completion to be able to practise basic Orthodontics and have the ability to intelligently
pursue further apprenticeship towards advanced Orthodontics.
COURSE CONTENT:
The program outlined, addresses both the knowledge needed in Orthodontics and allied
Medical specialties in its scope.

Spread of the Curriculum:

A. 6 months Teaching of basic subjects including completion of pre-clinical exercises

B. 2 ½ years Coverage of all the relevant topics in Orthodontics, clinical training
involving treatment of patients and submission of dissertation. These may be
divided into blocks of 6 to 8 months duration each, depending on the training
policies of each institution.
At the end of First year- MDS PART-I Exam
At the end of Third year- MDS PART-II Exam

MDS PART-I:
A. Applied Basic Sciences:

Applied Anatomy:
a. Prenatal growth of head: Stages of embryonic development, origin of head, origin of face,
origin of teeth.
b. Postnatal growth of head: Bones of skull, the oral cavity, development of chin, the hyoid
bone, general growth of head, growth of the face.
c. Bone growth: Origin of bone, composition of bone, units of bone structure, schedule of
Ossification, mechanical properties of bone, roentgen graphic appearance of bone
d. Assessment of growth and development: Growth prediction, growth spurts, the concept of
normality and growth increments of growth, differential growth, gradient of growth, methods
of gathering growth data. Theories of growth and recent advances, factors affecting physical
growth.
e. Muscles of mastication: Development of muscles, muscle change during growth, muscle
function and facial development, muscle function and malocclusion
f. Development of dentition and occlusion: Dental development periods, order of tooth
eruption, chronology of permanent tooth formation, periods of occlusal development, pattern
of occlusion.
g. Assessment of skeletal age.

Physiology:
a. Endocrinology and its disorders: Growth hormone, thyroid hormone, parathyroid
hormone, ACTH.
b. Calcium and its metabolism:
c. Nutrition-metabolism and their disorders: Proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins and
minerals
d. Muscle physiology:
e. Craniofacial Biology: Adhesion molecules and mechanism of adhesion
f. Bleeding disorders in orthodontics:Haemophilia

Dental Materials:
a. Gypsum products: Dental plaster, dental stone and their properties, setting reaction etc.
b. Impression materials: Impression materials in general and particularly of alginate
impression material.
c. Acrylics: Chemistry, composition physical properties
d. Composites: Composition types, properties, setting reaction
e. Banding and bonding cements:
f.Wrought metal alloys:Deformation, strain hardening, annealing, recovery, recrystallization,
grain growth, properties of metal alloys
g. Orthodontic arch wires
h. Elastics: Latex and non-latex elastics.
i. Applied physics, Bioengineering and metallurgy
j. Specification and tests methods used for materials used in Orthodontics
k. Survey of all contemporary literature and recent advances in above mentioned materials.

Genetics:
a. Cell structure, DNA, RNA, protein synthesis, cell division
b. Chromosomal abnormalities
c. Principles of orofacial genetics
d. Genetics in malocclusion
e. Molecular basis of genetics
f. Studies related to malocclusion
g. Recent advances in genetics related to malocclusion
h. Genetic counselling
i. Bioethics and relationship to Orthodontic management of patients.

Physical Anthropology:
a. Evolutionary development of dentition
b. Evolutionary development of jaws.

Pathology:
a. Inflammation
b. Necrosis

Biostatistics:
a) Statistical principles
 Data Collection
 Method of presentation
 Method of Summarizing
 Methods of analysis – different tests/errors
b) Sampling and Sampling technique
c) Experimental models, design and interpretation
d) Development of skills for preparing clear concise and cognent scientific abstracts and
publication
e) Applied Research Methodology In Orthodontics:
a. Experimental design
b. Animal experimental protocol
c. Principles in the development, execution and interpretation of methodologies in
Orthodontics
d. Critical Scientific appraisal of literature.

Applied Pharmacology
 Definitions & terminologies used – Dosage and mode of administration of drugs.
Action and fate of drugs in the body,
  Drug addiction, tolerance and hypersensitive reactions, Drugs acting on the central
nervous system, general anaesthetics hypnotics, analeptics and tranquilizers.
 Local anaesthetics, Chemotherapeutics and antibiotics.
 Vitamins: A, D, B – complex group, C & K etc.

MDS PART-II:

Paper-I: Basic Orthodontics

Orthodontic History:
a) Historical perspective,
b) Evolution of orthodontic appliances,
c) Pencil sketch history of Orthodontic peers
d) History of Orthodontics in India
Concepts of Occlusion and Esthetics:
a. Structure and function of all anatomic components of occlusion,
b. Mechanics of articulation,
c. Recording of masticatory function,
d. Diagnosis of Occlusal dysfunction,
e. Relationship of TMJ anatomy and pathology and related neuromuscular
physiology.
Etiology and Classification of Malocclusion:
a. A comprehensive review of the local and systemic factors in the causation of
malocclusion
b. Various classifications of malocclusion
Dentofacial Anomalies:
a. Anatomical, physiological and pathological characteristics of major groups
ofdevelopmental defects of the orofacial structures.
Diagnostic Procedures and Treatment Planning in Orthodontics:
a) Emphasis on the process of data gathering, synthesis and translating it into a
treatment plan
b) Indices for measuring Orthodontic treatment need based on malocclusion
status, dental aesthetics and facial esthetics.
c) Problem cases – analysis of cases and its management
d) Adult cases, handicapped and mentally retarded cases and their special
problems
e) Critique of treated cases.
f) Indices for measuring treatment outcomes and critical evaluation
Cephalometrics
a) Instrumentation
b) Image processing
c) Tracing and analysis of errors and applications
d) Radiation hazards
e) Advanced Cephalometrics techniques including digital cephalometrics
f) Comprehensive review of literature
g) Video imaging principles and application.
Practice Management in Orthodontics:
a. Economics and dynamics of solo and group practices
b. Personal management
c. Materials management
 d. Public relations
e. Professional relationship
f. Dental ethics and jurisprudence
g. Office sterilization procedures
h. Community based Orthodontics.

Paper-II: Clinical Orthodontics

Myofunctional Orthodontics:
a. Basic principles
b. Contemporary appliances –design, manipulation and management
c. Case selection and evaluation of the treatment results
d. Review of the current literature.
Dentofacial Orthopaedics:
a. Principles
b. Biomechanics
c. Appliance design and manipulation
d. Review of contemporary literature
Cleft lip and palate rehabilitation:
a. Diagnosis and treatment planning
b. Mechanotherapy
c. Special growth problems of cleft cases
d. Speech physiology, pathology and elements of therapy as applied to
Orthodontics
e. Team rehabilitative procedures.
Biology of tooth movement:
a. Principles of tooth movement-review
b. Review of contemporary literature
c. Applied histophysiology of bone, periodontal ligament
d. Molecular and ultra-cellular consideration in tooth movement
Orthodontic / Orthognathic surgery:
a. Orthodontist’s role in conjoint diagnosis and treatment planning
b. Pre and post-surgical Orthodontics
c. Participation in actual clinical cases, progress evaluation and post retention
study
d. Review of current literature
Ortho / Perio / Prostho/Endo inter relationship:
a. Principles of interdisciplinary patient treatment
b. Common problems and their management
Basic principles of mechanotherapy:includes removable appliances and fixed appliances:
a. Design
b. Construction
c. Fabrication
d. Management
e. Review of current literature on treatment methods and results
Applied preventive aspects in Orthodontics:
a. Caries and periodontal disease prevention
b. Oral hygiene measures
c. Clinical procedures
Interceptive Orthodontics:
a. Principles
b. Growth guidance
c. Diagnosis and treatment planning
d. Therapy emphasis on:
 Dento-facial problems
 Arch length –Tooth size discrepancies
 Minor surgery for Orthodontics
Evidence Based Orthodontics:
Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL):

 Effect of malocclusion and various treatment modalities on OHRQoL.

 Tools to measure effect of malocclusion onOHRQoL and its psychosocial impact.
Different types of fixed Mechanotherapy:
Orthodontic Management of TMJ problems, sleep-apnoea etc.:
Retention and relapse:
a) Mechanotherapy – special reference to stability of results with various procedures
b) Post retention analysis
c) Review of contemporary literature
Recent Advances:
a) Use of implants
b) Lasers
c) Application of F.E.M.
d) Distraction Osteogenesis
e) Invisible Orthodontics
f) 3D imaging Digital Orthodontics, Virtual Treatment Planning
g) CAD-CAM bracket Customization
h) Robotic Wire Bending
i) Accelerated Orthodontics
 Surgical
 Device assisted or mechanical stimulation
 Biochemical Mediators
j) Lingual Orthodontics

Paper-III: Essays (descriptive and analyzing type questions)

1. PRE-CLINICAL EXERCISES
(Should be completed within 3 months)
A general outline of the type of exercise is given here.
1. General Wire bending exercises to develop the manual dexterity.
2. Clasps, Bows and springs used in the removable appliances.
3. Soldering and welding exercises.
4. Fabrication of removable habit braking, mechanical and functional appliances, also all
types of space maintainers and space regainers.
5. Bonwill Hawley ideal arch preparation
6. Construction of orthodontic models trimmed and polished preferably as per specifications
of Tweed or A.B.O.
 7. Cephalometric tracings and various Analyses, also superimposition methods.
8. Fixed appliance typodont exercises.
8.1. Training shall be imparted in one basic technique i.e. Standard Edgewise/Begg technique
or its derivatives/Straightwire etc. with adequate exposure to other techniques.
8.2. Typodont exercise.
8.2.1.Band making
8.2.2.Bracket positioning and placement
8.2.3.Different stages in treatment appropriate to technique taught.
9. Clinical Photography – Submit album containing
9.1.Basic principles of photography, details of clinical photography
9.2.Camera and adjustment specifications
9.3.Standard, Extra and Intra oral photographs with photographic analysis
10. Computerized imaging
11. Preparation of surgical splints, and splints for TMJ problems
12. Handling of equipments like vacuum forming appliances and hydrosolder etc.

First Year

I. Basic Pre-Clinical Exercise Work for the MDS Students:

1. CLASPS

Sl No Exercise Number
1 ¾ Clasps 2
2 Triangular Clasps 2
3 Adam's clasp 2
4 Modification of Adam's - With Helix 2
5 Modification of Adam's - With soldered tube 2
6 Delta clasp 2
7 Southend Clasp 1

2. LABIAL BOWS
Sl No Exercise Number
1 Short labial bow (upper & lower) 1
2 Long labial bow (upper & lower) 1
3 Reverse loop labial bow 1
4 Fitted labial bow 1
5 Split labial bow 1

3. SPRINGS
Sl No Exercise Number
1 Finger spring 1
2 Double cantilever spring 1
3 Coffin spring 1
4 T spring 1

4. CANINE RETRACTORS
Sl No Exercise Number
1 Helical canine retractor 1 Pair
2 Palatal canine retractor 1 Pair

5. APPLIANCES
Sl No Exercise
1 Hawley's retention appliance with anterior bite plane
2 Upper Hawley's appliance with posterior bite plane
3 Upper expansion appliance with expansion screw
4 Habit breaking appliance with tongue crib
5 Oral screen and double oral screen
6 Lip bumper
7 Splint for bruxism
8 Splint Headgear
9 Catalans appliance
10 Activator
11 Bionator
12 Frankel-FR 1&2 appliance
13 Twin block
14 Lingual arch
15 TPA
16 Quad helix
17 Bonded Rapid Maxillary Expander
18 Pendulum appliance

6. SOLDERING EXERCISES
Sl No Exercise Number
1 Star/Comb/Christmas tree 1

7. STUDY MODEL PREPARATION

8. MODEL ANALYSIS- Mixed and permanent Dentition

9. CEPHALOMETRICS
Sl No Exercise
1 Lateral cephalogram to be traced in different colors and super imposed to see
the accuracy of tracing
2 Vertical and Anterio-Posterior Cephalometric analysis
Steiner's analysis
Down's analysis
Tweed analysis
Rickett's analysis
Burstone analysis
Rakosi's analysis
McNamara analysis
Bjork analysis
Coben's analysis
 Harvold's analysis
3 Soft tissue analysis - Holdaway and Burstone
4 Various superimposition methods

10. BASICS OF CLINICAL PHOTOGRAPHY INCLUDING DIGITAL

PHOTOGRAPHY
Sl No Exercise
1 Basic principles of photography, details of clinical photography
2 Camera and adjustment specifications
3 Standard, Extra and Intra oral photographs with photographic analysis
11. WIRE BENDING EXERCISES FOR FIXED ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT
Sl No Exercise
1 Bonwill-Hawley diagram
2 Making of ideal arch wire
3 First, Second and Third order bends
4 Different loops used in Edgewise technique
5 Utility arches
6 Canine Retractor(Marcotte, PG Spring& T-loop Spring)
7 Stage-I, II, Ill arch wire and its auxiliaries in Begg Technique
8 019 x .025 stainless steel archwires with soldered hook formation and putting
reverse curves

12. TYPODONT EXERCISES: BEGG OR P.E.A. METHOD/BASIC EDGEWISE

SlNo Exercise
1 Teeth setting in Class-II division I malocclusion with maxillary anterior
Proclination and mandibular anterior crowding
2 Band pinching, welding brackets and buccal tubes to the bands
3 Different Stages dependent on the applied technique

13. OPTIONAL EXERCISES

Sl No Exercise
1 Essix retainer
2 Indirect bonding- Labial / lingual on typodont
3 TADs on typodont

2. CLINICAL WORK:
Once the basic pre-clinical work is completed in three months, the students can take up
clinical cases and the clinical training.

Each postgraduate student should start with a minimum of 50 fixed orthodontics cases
and 20 removable including Myofuntional/Orthopedic cases of his/her own.
Additionally he/she should handle a minimum of 25 transferred cases. Active
participation in or at least exposure to multi-disciplinary treatment is essential.

The type of cases can be as follows:

 Removable active appliances
  Class-I malocclusion with Crowding
 Class-I malocclusion with bi-maxillary protrusion
 Class-II division – 1
 Class-II division – 2
 Class-III (Orthopedic, Surgical, Orthodontic cases)
 Inter disciplinary cases
 Removable functional appliance cases like activator, Bionator, functional regulator,
twin block and new developments
 Fixed functional appliances – Herbst appliance, jasper jumper etc
 Dento-facial orthopaedic appliances like head gears, rapid maxillary expansion, NiTi
expander etc.,
 Appliance for arch development such as molar distalization
 Fixed mechano therapy cases (Begg, PEA, Tip edge, Edgewise, lingual)
 Retention procedures of above treated cases.

3. OTHER WORK to be done during

First Year
1. Seminars: One Seminar per week to be conducted in the department. A minimum of five
seminars should be presented by each student each year
2. Journal club: One Journal club per week to be conducted in the department. A minimum
of five should be presented by each student each year.
3. Library dissertationto be submitted on or before the end of 10 months.
4. Protocol or synopsis for dissertation to be submitted on or before the end of six months
from the date of admission.
5. Undergraduate classes: Around 4 - 5 classes should be handled by each post-graduate
student
6. Field survey: To be conducted and submit the report
7. Inter-departmental meetings: should be held once in a month.
8. Case discussions
9. Field visits: To attend dental camps and to educate the masses
10. Basic subjects classes
11. Internal assessment or Term paper.

Second Year:
The clinical cases taken up should be followed under the guidance of a postgraduate teacher.
More case discussions and cases to be taken up. Other routine work as follows.
1. Seminars: One Seminar per week to be conducted in the department. Each student should
present a minimum of five seminars each year.
2. Journal club: One Journal club per week to be conducted in the department. Each student
should present a minimum of five seminars each year.
3. Undergraduate classes: Each post-graduate student should handle around4-5 classes.
4. Inter-departmental meetings: Should be held once in a month
5. Case discussions
6. Field visits: To attend dental camps and to educate the masses.
7. Attendance in Conferences, CDEs, Workshops, etc.
8. Publication of Scientific Articles.
9. Internal assessment.
10. Dissertation work: On getting the approval from the university work for the dissertation
to be started.
Third Year:
The clinical cases taken up should be followed under the guidance. More cases discussions
and casesto be taken up. Other routine work as follows:
1. Seminars: One Seminar per week to be conducted in the department. Each student should
present a minimum of five seminars each year.
2. Journal Club: One Journal club per week to be conducted in the department, minimum of
five should be presented by each student each year
3. Undergraduate classes: Each post - graduate student, should handle around 4-5 classes.
4. Inter-departmental meetings: Should be held once in a month.
5.The completed dissertation should be submitted six months before the final
examination (by the end of 29th month of commencement of course)
6. Case discussions
7. Field visits: To attend dental camps and to educate the masses.
8. Attendance in Conferences, CDEs, Workshops, etc.
9. Publication of Scientific Articles
10. Finishing and presenting the cases taken up.
11. Preparation of finished cases and presenting the cases (to be presented for the
examination)
12. Mock examination
4. DISSERTATION
1. The protocol for dissertation should be submitted within 6 months of start of course.
2. The completed dissertation should be submitted 6 months before the final examination.
3. The dissertation should not be just a repetition of a previously undertaken study but it
should try to explore some new aspects.
4. The panel of examiners should approve the dissertation before the candidate appears for
the University examination.

5. MONITORING LEARNING PROGRESS

It is essential to monitor the learning progress of each candidate through continuous and
regular assessment. It not only helps teachers to evaluate students, but also students to
evaluate themselves.
The monitoring should be done by the staff of the department and participation of students in
various teaching / learning activities. It may be structured assessment be done using
checklists that assess various aspects. Checklists are given in Section IV.

2.7 Total number of hours

As per the instruction given by the DCI

2.8 Branches if any with definition

Orthodontics and DentofacialOrthopaedics

2.9 Teaching learning methods

Method of Training
The training of a postgraduate student shall be full time by graded responsibilities in the
management and treatment of patients entrusted to his/her care. The participation of the
students in all facets of educational process is essential. Every candidate should takepart in
seminars, group discussions, case demonstrations, clinics, journal review meetings and
clinical meetings. Every candidate shall be required to participate in the teaching and training
programme of undergraduate students and interns. Training should include involvement in
laboratory and experimental work, and research studies.
Every Institution undertaking Post Graduate training programme shall set up an Academic
cell or a Curriculum Committee, under the chairmanship of a Senior faculty member, which
shall work out the details of the training programme in each speciality in consultation with
other Department faculty staff and also coordinate and monitor the implementation of these
training Programmes.
Based on the above guidelines for a structured training programme for postgraduate courses,
the basic tenets of a successful postgraduate teaching programme are detailed under the
following heads.
 Formal Lectures by the faculty on varied subjects including general areas and
systems.Both senior and junior faculty can do this. However, the number of these
classes shouldbe maintained at low levels to encourage self-learning.
 Symposia / Seminars form an integral part of PG learning. A monthly symposium
willgenerate approximate 30-35 symposia / course. These symposia can include
department faculty and HODs as chairpersons and maximum involvement of both
students and faculty should be ensured.
 Clinical Discussions form the core of PG training and can be assigned to various
clinical units on rotating basis. However other faculty could also actively participate
in the discussion. The discussions must be 3-4/week. One suggestion is to score the
performance of the candidate by a small panel of faculty and convey the scores to the
candidate / PG at the end of the session.
 Journal Club /Clinical Club should be conducted at least once in a week in each
postgraduate department. Journal clubs not only imparts new information but also
trains the candidate to objectively assess and criticize various articles which come out
and should be useful in ensuring evidence based dentistry.
 Guest Lectures can be integrated into the PG program at least once in a month. Even
the retired faculty can be invited for delivering the lectures and will ensure importing
of greater wisdom to the candidates.
 Orientation Classes for newcomers should also be incorporated. These classes can
even be assigned to junior faculty/senior PGs.
 Clinical postingEach PG student should work in the clinics on regular basis to
acquire adequate professional skills and competency in managing various cases to be
treated bya specialist.
 Clinico Pathological Conferences should be held once a year involving the faculties
of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Oral Pathology and concerned clinical department.
The student should be encouraged to present the clinical details, radiological and
histopathological interpretations and participation in the discussions.
 Rotation postings in other departments should be worked out by each department
in order to bring in more integration between the speciality and allied fields.
 Periodical Quiz can be both informative and entertaining and should be encouraged
and planned.
 Computer Training and Internet Applications are now becoming a must for both
faculty and students. These areas should be strengthened as a next step. There can be
a sort of internet information club in the departments.
 Conferences/CDEs – All postgraduate students should be encouraged to attend
conferences and CDEs. They should also be asked to present papers wherever
appropriate and should be rewarded by assigning scores for them.
  Publication of scientific papers – It is desirable and advisable to have at least two
publications in the State/National/International indexed dental journals.
 Involvement in Teaching Activity – PG students can be assigned the job of teaching
the undergraduate students and these will definitely improve the teaching skills in the
postgraduate students.

2.10 Content of each subject in each year

Present in clause 2.6

2.11 No: of hours per subject

Present in clause 2.6

2.12 Practical training

Present in clause 2.6

2.13 Records
Present in clause 2.21

2.14 Dissertation: As per Dissertation Regulations of KUHS

Every candidate pursuing MDS degree course is required to carry out work on a selected
research project under the guidance of a recognized postgraduate teacher. The results of such
a work shall be submitted in the form of a dissertation. The dissertation is aimed to train a
postgraduate student in research methods and techniques. It includes identification of a
problem, formulation of a hypothesis, search and review of literature, getting acquainted with
recent advances, designing of a research study,collection of data, critical analysis, and
comparison of results and drawing conclusions.
Every candidate shall submit to the University in the prescribed format a synopsis containing
particulars of proposed dissertation work after obtaining ethical clearance from the
Institutional Ethical Committee within six months from the date of commencement of the
course or before the dates notified by the University. The synopsis shall be sent
onlythrough the Principal of the institution.Such synopsis will be reviewed and the
dissertation topic will be registered by the university. No change in the dissertation topic or
guide/coguide shall be made without prior approval of the University. The dissertation should
not be just a repetition of a previously undertaken study but it should try to explore some new
aspects.
The dissertation should be written under the following headings:
i. Introduction
ii. Aims and Objectives of the study
iii. Review of Literature
iv. Methodology
v. Results
vi. Discussion
vii. Conclusion
viii. Summary
ix. References
x. Annexures
The written text of dissertation shall be not less than 50 pages and shall not exceed 150 pages
excluding references, tables, questionnaires, and other annexures. It should be neatly typed
(font size 13-Times New Roman or font size 13-Cambria) in 1.5 line spacing on one side of
the paper (A4 size, 8.27” x 11.69”) and bound properly. Spiral binding should be avoided.
(Refer Section V and VII). The guide, co-guide if any, Head of the Department and the Head
of the Institution shall certify the dissertation. For uniformity, it was suggested that the colour
of the hard bind of the dissertation for all branches of MDS course in the purview of KUHS
shall be dark brown with letters of gold colour. The title, author, and year of study should
also be imprinted or embossed on the spine of the book. Three hard copies and one
properly labelled soft copy in a CD (refer Section VII) of the dissertation thus prepared
shall be submitted to KUHS on the 29th month of commencement of the course / 31st
Oct. of the 3rd academic year whichever falls first. Dissertation should preferably be sent
to a minimum of threereviewers / examiners /assessors, of which two shall be from outside
the state and onefrom the affiliated colleges of KUHS. Consent for acceptance for
evaluationof dissertation should be obtained from the reviewer/examiner/assessor before the
dissertation are despatched.
Proforma for evaluation of dissertation should be sent along with the copies of the
dissertation to the reviewers appointed by the university. The Proforma should contain all the
assessment criteria with the clause – Accepted/Accepted with modifications/Rejected and
reasons for rejection by the examiner. This proforma should be sent back to the University
within two weeks / within the date specified after receipt of dissertation. The dissertation may
be declared accepted if more than 50% of the reviewers (2 in the case of 3 reviewers) have
accepted it. If modifications are to be made as specified, 3 hard copies and one soft copy of
the dissertation after corrections made by the candidate should be submitted within 30 days to
the University which may be sent back to the same examiner/s by the University for
Acceptance after a fee has been levied from the candidate. If the dissertation has been
rejected by more than 50% of the reviewers (2 in the case of 3 reviewers), the dissertation
may be reviewed by an Expert Reviewing Committee comprising of not less than two subject
experts, Dean (Research) of KUHS and Guide of the candidate provided the Guide requests
for a review, after a fee has been levied from the candidate. If rejected by the Reviewing
Committee, the candidate should take up a new topic and undergo all the procedures of
submitting the synopsis, fees, IEC clearance, etc as prescribed by the University. The
candidate who takes up the new topic can appear only for the subsequent examination.
Approval of dissertation work is an essential precondition for a candidate to appear in
the final University examination. Hall tickets for the Part II examination should beissued to
the candidate only if the dissertation has been accepted.
A candidate whose dissertation has been accepted by the examiners and approved by the
University, but who is declared to have failed at the final examination will be permitted to
reappear at the subsequent MDS examination without having to prepare a dissertation.

Guide – The academic qualification and teaching experience required for recognition by the
University as a guide for dissertation work is as laid down by the Dental Council of India /
KUHS.

Co-guide – A co-guide may be included provided the work requires substantial contribution
from the same department or a sister department or from another institution recognized for
teaching/training by KUHS/DCI. The co-guide should fulfil the academic qualification and
teaching experience required for recognition by the University as a co-guide for dissertation
work.

Change of Guide – In the event of a registered guide leaving the college for any reason or in
the event of death of guide, guide may be changed with prior permission from the University.
2.15 Speciality training if any
Present in clause 2.6
2.16 Project work to be done if any
Present in clause 2.6
2.17 Any other requirements [CME, Paper Publishing etc.]
Present in clause 2.6

2.18 Prescribed/recommended textbooks for each subject

Applied Basic Sciences

Subject Author Title

Anatomy BD Chaurasia BD Chaurasia’s Human Anatomy
William, Peter L Grays Anatomy
Oral Anatomy Ash, Major M Wheelers Dental Anatomy, Physiology
and Occlusion
Sicher, Harry, Du Brull, Oral Anatomy
Llyod
Oral Bhaskar B.N. Ed Orbans Oral Histology and Embryology
Histology Avery, James K
Avery, James K Essentials of Oral Histology and
Embryology
Embryology Sadler Langmans Medical Embryology
Inderbeer Singh Human Embryology
Physiology Guyton Arthur and John Text Book of Medical Physiology
LHall
Ganong, William F Review of Medical Physiology
Pharmacology KD Tripathi Essentials of Medical Pharmacology
Hardman, Joel G Goodman and Gillmans
pharmacological basis of Therapeutics
Nutrition Nizel Nutrition in Preventive Dentistry:
Science and Practice
General Cotran, Ramzi S and Others Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease
Pathology Harsh Mohan Textbook of Pathology
Oral Shaffer, William and Textbook of Oral Pathology
Pathology Others
Neville, Brad W and Others Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology
Microbiology Ananthanarayan and Textbook of Microbiology
Panicker
Lakshman S Essential Microbiology for Dentistry
Biostatistics Dr. Syamalan Statistics in Medicine
Soben Peter Essentials of Preventive and
Community Dentistry
Sunder Rao and Richard J. Introduction to Biostatistics and
Research Methods

Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics

Sl No Author Title
1. William R.Proffit Contemporary Orthodontics
2. Graber &Vanarsdall Orthodontics - Current Principles & Techniques
3. Moyers Handbook of Orthodontics
4. Graber Orthodontics: Principles and practice
5. Graber, Petrovic&Rakosi Dentofacial Orthopaedics with Functional Appliances

6. Athenasious E Athenasiou Orthodontic cephalometry

7. Alexander Jacobson Radiographic Cephalometry
8. Rakosi An Atlas And Manual of Cephalometric Radiography
9. Enlow Handbook of Facial Growth
10. Epker& Fish Dentofacial Deformities Vol. 1
11. Proffit & White Surgical Orthodontic Treatment
12. Nanda Biomechanics in Clinical Orthodontics
13. Nanda & Burstone Retention and Stability in Orthodontics
14. Okeson Management of T.M. Disorders and Occlusion
15. Louis Norton & Burstone Biology of tooth movement
16. Gerhard Pfeifer Craniofacial Abnormalities and clefts of the lip,
Alveolus and Palate.
17. Okeson TMJ Disorders.
18. McLauglin, Bennett And Systemized Orthodontic Treatment Mechanics
Trevesi
19. V.P Jayade Refined Begg for Modern Times
20. Nanda Temporary anchorage devices in Orthodontics
21. Vinod Krishnan, Biological Mechanisms of Tooth Movement
Ze’evDavidovitch
22. Vinod Integrated Clinical Orthodontics
Krishnan,Ze’evDavidovitch
23. William J Clark Twin Block Functional Therapy – Applications in
Dentofacial Orthopedics
24. Farhad B Naini Facial Aesthetics : Concepts and Clinical Diagnosis

2.19 Reference Books

Sl No Author Title
1 L. Johnston New Vistas in Orthodontics
2 Lee Graber Orthodontics - State of the Art- The Essence of
Science
3 Nikolai Bio Engineering Analysis of Orthodontic Mechanics
4 M. Rakosi& Graber Color Atlas of Dental Medicine:Orthodontic Diagnosis
5 Burstone Modern Edgewise Mechanics and The Segmented
Arch Technique
6 McNamara &Brudon Orthodontic and Orthopedic Treatment in the Mixed
Dentition
7 R D Roblee Interdisciplinary Dentofacial Therapy
8 Nanda The Developmental Basics of Occlusion and
Malocclusion
9 Timms Rapid Maxillary Expansion
10 Williams & Cook Fixed Orthodontic Appliances:Principles& Practice
11 Ricketts Bioprogressive Therapy
12 Van Der Linden Quintessence Series
13 Michigan Center Craniofacial Growth Series for human growth and
Development
14 J.A.Salzmann Practice of Orthodontics Vol I and II
15 RohitSachdeva Orthodontics for the next millennium
16 Peter Schwindling The Jasper Jumper Color Atlas
17 Robert Ricketts Provocations and perceptions in Craniofacial
Orthopedics
18 Peter Miles & D Rinchuse Evidence-Based Clinical Orthodontics
19 Greg Huang & Stephen Evidence-Based Orthodontics
Richmond

2.20 Journals
1. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics
2. Journal of Orthodontics (formerly British Journal of Orthodontics)
3. Angle Orthodontist
4. Journal of Clinical Orthodontics
5. The Journal of Indian Orthodontic Society
6. Seminars in Orthodontics
7. Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics
8. European Journal of Orthodontics
9. Australian Journal of Orthodontics
10. International Journal of Adult Orthodontics and Orthognathic surgery
11. TheFunctional Orthodontist.
12. Journal of world federation of Orthodontists.
13. The journal of Contemporary Orthodontics.
14. Journal of the Asian Pacific Orthodontic Society (APOS Trends in Orthodontics)

2.21 Logbook
Work Diary / Log Book
Logbooks serve as a document of the trainee's work. The trainee shall maintain this Logbook
ofthe special procedures/operations observed/assisted/performed by him/her during the
training period right from the point of entry and its authenticity shall be assessed weekly by
the concerned Post Graduate Teacher / Head of the Department. This shall be made available
to the Board of Examiners for their perusal at the time of his / her appearing at the Final
examination.
The logbook should record clinical cases seen and presented, procedures and tests performed,
seminars, journal club and other presentations. Logbook entries must be qualitative and not
merely quantitative, focusing on learning points and recent advances in the area and must
include short review of recent literature relevant to the entry. A work diary containing all the
various treatment done by the candidate in the course of the study should also be maintained.
The work diary shall be scrutinized and certified by both the guide/co guide and Head of the
Department and presented in the University practical/clinical examination (Format given in
Annexures)

3. EXAMINATIONS
Examinations
Evaluation is a continuous process, which is based upon criteria developed by the concerned
authorities with certain objectives to assess the performance of the learner. This also
indirectly helps in the measurement of effectiveness and quality of theconcerned MDS
programme. Evaluation is achieved by two processes
1) Formative or internal assessment
2) Summative or university examinations.
Formative evaluation is done through a series of tests and examinations conducted
periodically by the institution. Summative evaluation is done by the university through
examination conducted at the end of the specified course.
A candidate registered for MDS course must clear the final examination within six years of
the date of admission. The examinations should be so organized that this shall be used as the
mechanism to confirm that the candidate has acquired appropriate knowledge, skill and
competence at the end of the training that he/she can act as a specialist and/or a medical
teacher as per expectation. University examination will be held regularly by KUHS in April-
May/October-November every year.
A candidate who wishes to study for MDS in a second specialty should have to take the full
course of 3 years in that specialty and appear for examinations

3.1 Eligibility to appear for exams

Every candidate to become eligible to appear for the MDS examination shall fulfil the
following requirements.

MDS Part I Examination

 Attendance
Every candidate shall have fulfilled the attendance prescribed by the University (80%)
during first academic year of the Postgraduate course.
 Library Dissertation
Submission of library dissertation as per the regulations of KUHS is mandatory for a
candidate to appear for the Part I university examination.

MDS Part II (Final) Examination

Attendance
Every candidate shall have fulfilled the attendance prescribed by the University during each
academic year of the Postgraduate course. A candidate becomes eligible for writing the
University examination only after the completion of 36 months from the date of
commencement of the course. The candidates should have completed the training period
before the commencement of examination.

Dissertation
Approval of the dissertation is mandatory requirement for a candidate to appear for the
university examinations.

Pass in MDS Part I Examination

Every candidate shall have to pass the Part I examination to become eligible to appear for the
Part II examination.The candidates shall have to pass the Part-I examination at least six
months prior to the Part-II examination.

Progress and Conduct

Every candidate shall have participated in seminars, journal review meetings, symposia,
conferences, case presentations, clinics and didactic lectures during each year as designed by
the concerned department.

Work Diary and Logbook

Every candidate shall maintain a work diary and logbook for recording his/her participation
in the training programmes conducted by the department. The work diary and logbook shall
be verified and certified by the Head of the department.
The certification of satisfactory progress by the Head of the Department and Head of the
Institution shall be based on checklist given in 5.1 to 5.8.
 Students should note that in case they do not complete the exercises and work
allottedto them within the period prescribed, their course requirements will be
consideredunfulfilled.
 Clinical Records, Work Diaries and Logbooks should be maintained regularly
andapproved by the guide, duly certified by the Head of the Department.

3.2 Schedule of Regular/Supplementary exams

The MDS examination shall be held at the end of the third academic year .The university
shall conduct two examinations in a year at an interval of four to six months between two
examinations. Not more than two examinations shall be conducted in an academic year.

3.3 Scheme of examination showing maximum marks and minimum mark

The MDS examination shall consist of theory, practical / clinical examination, and Viva-voce
and Pedagogy

Theory: There shall be two theory examinations for the MDS course,
Part I Examination – at the end of the first academic year
Part II Examination –at the end of the third academic year

Part-I Examination: Shall consist of one theory paper in the Basic Sciences of three hours
duration at the end of the first academic year of the course. The question papers shall be set
and evaluated by the faculty of the concerned speciality. The candidates shall have to secure a
minimum of 50%marks in the Basic Sciences paper and shall have to pass the Part-
Iexamination at least six months prior to the Part-II examination.

Part-II Examination: Shall consist of

(i) Theory - three papers, namely:–Paper I, Paper II & Paper III,each of three hours duration.
(ii) Practical and Clinical Examination;
(iii)Viva-voce and Pedagogy.
A candidate, who wishes to study in a second speciality, shall have to undergo the full course
of three years duration in that specialty.

Theory: (Total 400 Marks)

(1) Part I University Examination (100 Marks):-

There shall be 10 questions of 10 marks each (Total of 100 Marks)

(2) Part II (3 papers, each of 100 Marks):-

(i) Paper-I: 2 long essay questions of 25 marks each and 5 short essays of 10 marks each.
(Total of 100 Marks)

(ii)Paper-II: 2 long essay questions of 25 marks each and 5 short essays of 10 marks each.
(Total of 100 Marks)

(iii) Paper III: 2 out of 3 essay questions (2 x 50 = 100 Marks)

Practical and Clinical Examination: 200 Marks

Viva-Voce and Pedagogy:100 Marks
Written Examination (Theory): 400 Marks

Theory:
There shall be two theory examinations for the MDS course.

Part-I: Applied Basic Sciences -100 Marks

The Part I examination consists of one theory paper in Basic Sciences, of three hours duration
and shall be conducted at the end of the first academic year of the MDS course.

Part II Theory/Written examination:300 Marks

The Part II theory examination shall be conducted at the end of Third year of MDS course
and consist of three papers, each of three hours duration. Each paper shall carry 100 marks.
The type of questions in the first two papers will be two long essay questions carrying 25
marks each and five short essay questions each carrying ten marks. There will be no options
in the questions in the first 2 papers. Third paper will be an essay question paper with three
essay questions carrying 50 marks each and the candidate is to answer any two of the essays.
Questions on recent advances may be asked in any or all the papers. The syllabus for the
theory papers of the concerned specialty should cover the entire field of the subject. Though
the topics assigned to the different papers are generally evaluated under designated papers, a
strict division of the subject may not be possible and some overlapping of topics is inevitable.
Students should be prepared to answer overlapping topics. The theory examinations shall be
held sufficiently earlier than the practical/clinical examinations to facilitate evaluation of the
answer books. The total marks for the Part II theory examination shall be 300.
Practical and Clinical Examination: 200 Marks
In case of practical examination, it should aim at assessing competence and skills of
techniques and procedures. It should also aim at testing student’s ability to make relevant and
valid observations, interpretation and inference of laboratory or experimental or clinical work
relating to his/her subject for undertaking independent work as a specialist. The total mark for
practical/clinical examinations shall be 200.

Viva-Voce: 100 Marks

i. Viva-Voce examination: 80 marks
All examiners will conduct viva-voce conjointly on candidate’s comprehension, analytical
approach, expression, interpretation of data and communication skills. It includes all
components of course contents. It includes presentation and discussion on dissertation also.

ii. Pedagogy Exercise: 20 marks

A topic isto be given to each candidate in the beginning of clinical examination. He/she is
asked to make a presentation on the topic for 8-10 minutes.
3.4 Papers in each year
MDS Part I Examination – conducted at the end of the first academic year

PART-I: Applied Basic Sciences:

Applied anatomy, Physiology, Dental Materials, Genetics, Pathology, Physical
Anthropology, Applied Research methodology, Bio-Statistics and Applied Pharmacology.

PART-II

Paper I:
Orthodontic history, Concepts of occlusion and esthetics, Child and Adult Psychology,
Etiology and classification of malocclusion, Dentofacial Anomalies, Diagnostic procedures
and treatment planning in Orthodontics, Practice management in Orthodontics

Paper II: Clinical Orthodontics

Paper III:Essays (descriptive and analyzing type questions)

3.5 Details of theory exams

MDS Part I
Paper-I: Applied Basic Sciences:
Applied anatomy, Physiology, Dental Materials, Genetics,Pathology, Physical Anthropology,
Applied Research methodology, Bio-Statistics and AppliedPharmacology.

MDS Part II

Paper I: Orthodontic history, Concepts of occlusion and esthetics, Child and Adult
Psychology,Etiology and classification of malocclusion, Dentofacial Anomalies, Diagnostic
procedures andtreatment planning in Orthodontics, Practice management in Orthodontics

Paper II: Clinical Orthodontics

Paper III: Essay – Descriptive and analyzing type of question withemphasis on recent
advances

3.6 Model Question Papers

Model Question Papers

MDS Part I Examinations
MDS – Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics

Paper I – Applied Basic Sciences: Applied anatomy, Physiology,

Dental Materials, Genetics, Pathology, Physical Anthropology,
 Applied Research methodology, Bio-Statistics and Applied Pharmacology.
Answer all questions
Time 3 hours Maximum marks:100

Essays (10 x 10 = 100 marks)

1. Discuss growth rotation of the jaws and it’s clinical relevance in Orthodontic treatment.
2. Discuss the role of abnormal and normal respiration on the development of the craniofacial
complex.
3. Drugs and its effect on tooth movement.
4. Discuss bonding agents from orthodontic point of view.Add a note on recent advances.
5. Fluorides in orthodontics.
6. Sampling Errors
7. Aesthetic wires
8. Ricketts Growth prediction
9. Genetic Counselling
10. Calcium metabolism

MDS Part II Examination

MDS Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics

Paper I:Orthodontic history, Concepts of occlusion and esthetics, Child

and Adult Psychology, Etiology and classification of malocclusion,Dentofacial
Anomalies, Diagnostic procedures and treatmentplanning in Orthodontics, Practice
management in Orthodontics
Answer all questions
Time 3 hours Max Marks 100

Essays (2 x 25=50 marks)

1. Discuss Orthodontic treatment for the “special needs” child.

2. What are the advantages of digital imaging over conventional? Enumerate the various
digital imaging- methods. Describe CBCT technology.
Short essays (5 x 10= 50 marks)

3. Etiology of canine impaction

4. Orthodontic triage
5. Informed consent
6. COGS Analysis
7. Arch forms

MDS Part II Examinations

MDS – Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics
Paper II – Clinical Orthodontics
Answer all questions
Time 3 hours Max Marks 100

Long Essays (2 x 25 = 50 marks)

1. Discuss the management of deep bite in Preadjusted Edgewise Appliance system.
2. Discuss the role of Orthodontist in cleft palate rehabilitation.

Short essays (5 x 10 = 50 marks)

3. Biomechanics of incisor intrusion

4. Orthodontic treatment of diabetic patients
5. Role of Orthodontist in Obstructive sleep Apnoea
6. Dougherty’s objectives of finishing and detailing
7. The Alt-RAMEC protocol

MDS Part II Examinations

MDS – Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics
Paper III-Essay
Answer any TWO questions
Time 3 hours Max Marks 100

1. Discuss the impact of Orthodontic treatment on OHRQoL (Oral Health Related Quality of
Life) quoting appropriate references (50 marks)
2. Periodontally Accelerated Osteogenic Orthodontics. (50 marks)
3. Lingual orthodontics (50 marks)

3.7 Internal assessment component

Not applicable.

3.8 Details of practical/clinical exams to include Duration Marks Types of cases/

questions

Practical / Clinical Examination: 200 Marks

Exercise No: 1 Functional Case: 50 Marks

Selection of case for functional appliance with case discussion and recording of construction
bite.
Fabrication and delivery of the appliance the next day with chair side viva.

Exercise No: 2 Multiband exercise: 50 Marks

1. III stage with auxiliary springs
OR
2. Bonding of SWA brackets and construction of suitable arch wire.

Exercise No. 3 Display of records of the treated cases along with patients
(Minimum of 5 cases) 5 cases x 15 marks = 75 Marks
(Including seminars, thesis, Library dissertation, certificates of conferences, courses, paper
publications etc)

Exercise No: 4-Long case discussions: 25 Marks

Time allotted for each exercise:

No Exercise Marks Approximate
Allotted Time
1 Functional appliance 50 1 hour (each day)
2 III stage mechanics/ 50 1 hour 30 minutes
Bonding and arch wire fabrication
3 Display of case records 75 1 hour
(a minimum of 5 finished cases to be presented
with patients and all the records)
4 Long case -1 25 2 hours

Note: The complete records of all the cases should be displayed (including transferred
cases)

Viva Voce: 100 Marks

Viva Voce – Total 100 (80 marks for the grand viva and 20 marks for pedagogy)
All examiners will conduct viva-voce conjointly on candidate's comprehension, analytical
approach expression, interpretation of data and communication skills. It includes all
components of course contents. It includes presentation and discussion on dissertation also.

3.9 Number of examiners needed (Internal & External) and their qualifications

Part I Examination:
The University shall appoint one internal and one external examiner of the same specialty for
evaluating the Part I answer scripts. The Part I answer papers shall be evaluated by external
and internal examiners of the same speciality appointed by the University adhering to the
evaluators’ guidelines of KUHS.

Part II Examination:
There shall be at least four examiners in each branch of study. Out of four, two (50%) should
be external examiners and two shall be internal examiners. The qualification and teaching
experience for appointment as an examiner shall be as laid down by the DCI. The external
examiners shall ordinarily be invited from another recognized University from outside the
state. An external examiner may ordinarily be appointed for the same institute for not more
than two years consecutively. Thereafter he may be reappointed after an interval of one year.
The same set of examiners shall ordinarily be responsible for the practical and oral part of the
examination.
The Head of the Department shall ordinarily be one of the examiners and the chairperson of
the Board of Examinations; second internal examiner shall rotate after every two consecutive
examinations if there are more than two postgraduate teachers in the department other than
the Head of the department. No person who is not an active Postgraduate teacher in that
subject can be appointed as Examiner. However in case of retired personnel, a teacher who
satisfies the above conditions could be appointed as examiner up to one year after retirement.
For the MDS examination, if there are no two qualified internal examiners in an institute the
second internal examiner can be from a neighbouring DCI and KUHS approved / recognized
Dental College having PG course in the specific speciality. This examiner should be an active
PG teacher in the same speciality with the qualifications and experience recommended for a
teacher for postgraduate degree programme. The examination can also be conducted by one
qualified internal examiner and three qualified external examiners if there is no qualified
second internal examiner.
Reciprocal arrangement of Examiners should be discouraged, in that, the internal examiner in
a subject should not accept external examinership of a college from which the external
examiner is appointed in his subject in the same academic year.

3.10 Details of viva

Viva Voce: 100 Marks

i. Viva-Voce examination: 80 marks
All examiners will conduct viva-voce conjointly on candidate's comprehension, analytical
approach, expression, interpretation of data and communication skills. It includes all
components of course contents. It includes presentation and discussion on dissertation also.
ii. Pedagogy and thesis presentation: 10 +10 = 20 marks

4. INTERNSHIP
Not applicable in PG courses

5.ANNEXURES

5.1 Check Lists for Monitoring: Log Book, Seminar Assessment etc.

5.1:Checklist 1
 Model Checklist for Evaluation of Preclinical Exercises

Name of Student: Date:

Name of the Faculty:

Name of Exercise:

Sl. Items for observation during evaluation Score

No:
1 Quality of Exercise
2 Ability to answer questions
3 Punctuality in submission of exercise
4 TOTAL SCORE

Performance Score
Poor 0
Below Average 1
Average 2
Good 3
Very good 4

Signature of Faculty

5.2: Checklist 2

Model Checklist for Evaluation of Journal Review / Seminar Presentation

Name of Student: Date:

Name of the Faculty:

Name of Journal / Seminar:

Sl. No: Items for observation during evaluation Score

1 Relevance of Topic
2 Appropriate Cross references
3 Completeness of Preparation
4 Ability to respond to questions
5 Effectiveness of Audio-visual aids used
6 Time Scheduling
7 Clarity of Presentation
8 Overall performance
TOTAL SCORE

Performance Score
Poor 0
Below Average 1
Average 2
Good 3
Very good 4

Signature of Faculty

5.3: Checklist 3

Model Checklist for Evaluation of Clinical Case and Clinical Work

Name of Student: Date:

Name of the Faculty:

Sl. Items for observation during evaluation Score

No:
1 History
Elicitation
Completeness
2 Examination
General Examination
Extraoral examination
Intraoral examination
3 Provisional Diagnosis
4 Investigation
Complete and Relevant
Interpretation
5 Diagnosis
Ability to defend diagnosis
6 Differential Diagnosis
Ability to justify differential diagnosis
7 Treatment Plan
Accuracy
Priority order
8 Management
9 Overall Observation
Chair side manners
Rapport with patient
Maintenance of Case Record
Quality of Clinical Work
Presentation of Completed Case
10 TOTAL SCORE

Performance Score
Poor 0
Below Average 1
Average 2
Good 3
Very good 4

Signature of Faculty
5.4: Checklist 4

Model Checklist for Evaluation of Library Dissertation Work

Name of Student: Date:

Name of the Faculty/Guide:

Sl. Items for observation during evaluation Score

No:
1 Interest shown in selecting topic
2 Relevance of Topic
3 Preparation of Proforma
4 Appropriate review
5 Appropriate Cross references
Performance
6 Scoreguide
Periodic consultation with
Poor
7 0
Completeness of Preparation
Below
8 Average 1
Ability to respond to questions
Average
9 Quality of final output2
Good TOTAL SCORE 3
Very good 4

Signature of Faculty

5.5: Checklist 5

Model Checklist for Evaluation of Dissertation Work

Name of Student: Date:

Name of the Faculty/Guide/Co-guide:

Sl. Items for observation during evaluation Score

No:
1 Interest shown in selecting topic
2 Relevance of Topic
3 Preparation of Proforma
4 Appropriate review
5 Appropriate Cross references
6 Periodic consultation with guide/co-guide
Performance
7 Score
Depth of analysis/Discuss
Poor
8 0
Ability to respond to questions
Below
9 Average
Department Presentation1 of findings
Average
10 Quality of final output2
Good TOTAL SCORE 3
Very good 4

Signature of Faculty

5.6: CHECKLIST- 6

CONTINUOUSEVALUATION OF DISSERTATION WORK BY GUIDE/CO-GUIDE

Name of the Trainee: Date:

Name of the Faculty

SI. Items for observation Poor Below Average Good Very

No during presentation 0 Average 1 2 3 Good 4
1 Periodic consultation with
guide / co- guide
2 Regular collection of case
material
3 Depth of Analysis /
Discussion
4 Department presentation
of findings
5 Quality of final output
6 Others
TOTAL SCORE

Signature of the guide / co-guide

5.7: CHECKLIST - 7

OVERALL ASSESSMENT SHEET

Name of the College: Date:

Name of Department:

Signature of HOD Signature of Principal

Name of trainee
Check PARTICULARS
List No First Year Second Year Third Year
1 Preclinical Exercises
2 Journal Review
Presentation
3 Seminars
4 Library dissertation
5 Clinical work
6 Clinical presentation
7 Teaching skill practice
8 Dissertation
TOTAL

The above overall assessment sheet used along with the logbook should form the basis for
certifying satisfactory completion of course of study, in addition to the attendance
requirement.

Key:
Mean score: Is the sum of all the scores of checklists 1 to 6

5.8: LOG BOOK

DEPARTMENT OF ……………………………................................
MDS Programme

LOG BOOK OF

NAME……………………………………………..

BIODATA OF THE CANDIDATE

EXPERIENCE BEFORE JOINING P.G. COURSE

DETAILS OF POSTING:
• FIRST YEAR
• SECOND YEAR
• THIRD YEAR

DETAILS OF LEAVE AVAILED

PRECLINICAL EXERCISES

LIBRARY DISSERTATION

RESEARCH WORK

PARTICIPATION IN CONFERENCES – CDE PROGRAMMES

DETAILS OF PARTICIPATION IN ACADEMIC PROGRAMME

SEMINARS /SYMPOSIA PRESENTED

JOURNAL CLUBS

TEACHING ASSIGNMENTS – UNDERGRADUATES / PARAMEDICAL.

SPECIAL DUTIES (IF ANY)

INTERNAL ASSESSMENT

DAILY ACTIVITIES RECORD (BLANK PAGES)

ONE PAGE FOR EACH MONTH X 36 PAGES

MISCELLANEOUS

SUMMARY

5.8.1: LOG BOOK-1

ACADEMIC ACTIVITIES ATTENDED

Name:

Admission Year: College:

Signature of the guide / co-guide

Date Type of activity - Specify Seminar, Journal club, Presentation, Particulars

UG teaching

5.8.2: LOG BOOK - 2

ACADEMIC PRESENTATIONS

Name:

Admission Year:
College:

Date Topic Type of activity - Specify Seminar, Journal club,

Presentation, UG teaching

Signature of the guide / co-guide

5.8.3: LOG BOOK - 3

DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC PROCEDURES PERFORMED

Name:

Admission Year:

College:

Date Name OP No. Procedure Year of study Category

0, A, PA, PI

Signature of the guide / co-guide

Annexure: 5.9

Faculty
a. In each department there should be a minimum required full time faculty members
belonging to the disciplines concerned with requisite postgraduate qualification and
experience for being a PG teacher as prescribed by the DCI. The requirements of the faculty
should follow the norms framed by the DCI.
b. To strengthen and maintain the standards of postgraduate training, DCI and KUHS
recommends the following minimum faculty requirements (Table 1) for starting and
continuation of postgraduate training programmes. Any increase of admissions will also be
based on the same pattern.

Table 1: Minimum Faculty Requirements

Unit 1
1. Minimum faculty requirement of 1st Unit in an undergraduate institute having basic
infrastructure of 50 admissions

Department / Speciality Professor Readers/ Lecturers/Assistant

(HOD) Associate Professor
Professors
Prosthodontics and Crown & 1 3 4
Bridge
Conservative Dentistry and 1 3 4
Endodontics
Periodontology 1 2 2
Orthodontics & Dentofacial 1 2 2
Orthopaedics
Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery 1 2 2
Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology 1 2 2
and Oral Microbiology
Oral Medicine & Radiology 1 2 2
Pediatric Dentistry 1 2 2
Public Health Dentistry 1 2 2

2 .Minimum faculty requirement of 1st Unit in an undergraduate institute having basic

infrastructure of 100 admissions

Department / Speciality Professor Readers/ Lecturers/Assistant

(HOD) Associate Professor
Professors
Prosthodontics and Crown & 1 3 6
Bridge
Conservative Dentistry and 1 3 6
Endodontics
Periodontology 1 3 3
Orthodontics & Dentofacial 1 2 3
Orthopaedics
Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery 1 3 3
Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology 1 2 3
and Oral Microbiology
Oral Medicine & Radiology 1 2 3
Pediatric Dentistry 1 2 3
Public Health Dentistry 1 2 3

3. Unit 2:-
Each department shall have the following additional teaching faculty, over and above the
requirement of Unit 1.

Professor 1
Reader /Associate Professor 1
Lecturer / Assistant Professor 2

a. In addition to the faculty staff mentioned above there should be adequate strength of Senior
Lecturers/ Lecturers available in the department. The department should also have adequate
number of technical and other paramedical staff as prescribed by the Dental Council of India.
b. A department which does not have a Professor and an Assistant Professor with requisite
qualifications and experience as laid down by the DCI, shall not start a postgraduate course in
that specialty.
c. Faculty who is accepted as Postgraduate teacher in a dental institute starting MDS course
will not be accepted for the next one year in any other dental institute.

Clinical / Laboratory Facilities and Equipments

There should be adequate clinical material, space and sufficient number of dental chairs and
units, adequate laboratory facilities and should regularly be updated keeping in view the
advancement of knowledge and technology and research requirements. The department
should have the minimum number of all equipments including the latest ones necessary for
the training and as recommended by the DCI/KUHS for each specialty from time to time.