.author{grid-column:1;grid-row:3;align-content:flex-start}.Metadata_root__oCstk>.description,.Metadata_root__oCstk>.pills-list,.Metadata_root__oCstk>.stats,.Metadata_root__oCstk>.title{grid-column:1/span 2}.Metadata_root__oCstk>.title{margin-bottom:8px}.Metadata_root__oCstk>.stats{margin-bottom:12px}.Metadata_root__oCstk>.description{margin-top:12px}.Metadata_root__oCstk>.pills-list{margin-block-start:20px;margin-block-end:18px}.Metadata_root__oCstk>.actions{display:none}@media screen and (max-width:928px){.Metadata_root__oCstk{margin-block:8px 20px}.Metadata_root__oCstk>.stats{margin-bottom:16px}.Metadata_root__oCstk>.description{margin-top:0}.Metadata_root__oCstk>.author{grid-column:2;grid-row:5;margin-block-start:12px;margin-block-end:6px;justify-content:end}.Metadata_root__oCstk>.actions{display:flex;margin-top:16px;grid-column:1;grid-row:5}.Metadata_root__oCstk>.pills-list{margin-block-start:16px;margin-block-end:0}}.Metadata_root__oCstk .metadata-recs{grid-column:1/-1}.Heading_heading__3MAvZ{color:var(--blue-gray-900)}.Heading_h1__3k7S2{font-size:32px;font-weight:700}.Heading_h2__f9yvs{font-size:28px;font-weight:600}.Heading_h3__f1djd{font-size:24px}.Heading_h4__7tfLE{font-size:20px}.Heading_h5__jVM0l{font-size:16px;font-weight:400}.Heading_h6__uUTrd{font-size:14px;font-weight:400}.Title_root__svkHQ{color:var(--blue-gray-900);font-size:clamp(26px,1vw + 1rem,28px);font-weight:600;line-height:1.25;min-width:0;word-break:break-word}.Stats_root__p_BoZ{flex-wrap:wrap;display:flex;align-items:center;-moz-column-gap:6px;column-gap:6px;color:var(--blue-gray-600);white-space:nowrap;font-size:16px}.Stats_leftContent__588PR,.Stats_rightContent__8d0AF{display:flex;gap:6px}.Stats_root__p_BoZ span{font-size:16px}.Stats_root__p_BoZ .Stats_aiTag__zTzW8{margin-left:10px}@media screen and (max-width:928px){.Stats_root__p_BoZ span{line-height:1.5}.Stats_root__p_BoZ.Stats_extendedMetadata__wb62p .Stats_leftContent__588PR{width:100%}.Stats_root__p_BoZ .Stats_aiTag__zTzW8{margin:8px 0 0}.Stats_root__p_BoZ.Stats_extendedMetadata__wb62p .Stats_formatTypesBullet__xDv0L{display:none}}.Likes_root__WVQ1_{cursor:pointer;transition:color .2s ease-in-out;border-radius:4px}.Likes_root__WVQ1_:hover{color:var(--blue-gray-700)}.Tooltip_root__7FS0Y{background:var(--midnight-green-dark);border-radius:4px;box-shadow:0 .5px 5px rgba(0,0,0,.04),0 4px 11px rgba(0,0,0,.2);color:var(--white);font-weight:400;font-size:12px;line-height:15px;padding:6px 8px;opacity:0;visibility:hidden;animation:Tooltip_show__qVG5k .2s ease-in-out forwards;z-index:var(--popup-index)}.Tooltip_triggerWrapper___S2HG{flex-shrink:0;position:relative;align-items:center;justify-content:center}@keyframes Tooltip_show__qVG5k{to{opacity:1;visibility:visible}}.Tooltip_large__J4Fvl{padding:16px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;background:#fff;color:var(--black)}.AITag_tag__Xx37c{padding:0 12px;height:25px;border-radius:16px;background-color:#f0f2f9;color:#16171b;display:inline-flex;gap:8px;font-size:14px;line-height:1.5;font-weight:600}.AITag_tooltipContent__7JZR_{width:332px}.Author_root___6Bx5{--link-color:var(--blue-gray-800);position:relative;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:8px}.Author_link___lVxw{z-index:1;color:var(--link-color);font-weight:600;display:block}.Author_link___lVxw:before{content:"";position:absolute;inset:0}.Author_follow__Lw4TS{z-index:1}@media screen and (max-width:928px){.Author_link___lVxw:hover{color:var(--blue-gray-800)}}.Avatar_root__GNWHY{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;flex-shrink:0;background-color:var(--white);color:var(--blue-gray-300);border-radius:50%;font-size:16px;font-weight:600;text-align:center;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;user-select:none;overflow:hidden}.Avatar_initials__EJfVt{color:var(--white);transition:background-color .2s ease-in-out}.Avatar_initials__EJfVt,.Avatar_initials__EJfVt:hover{background-color:var(--blue-gray-600)}.Avatar_image__Bbtll{width:100%;height:100%;-o-object-fit:cover;object-fit:cover}.FollowButton_root__FxpBi{display:inline-flex;background-color:transparent;border:1px solid transparent;border-radius:4px;font-size:12px;padding:1px 6px;transition:background-color .2s ease-in-out,border-color .2s ease-in-out;cursor:pointer}.FollowButton_following__xKCww{border-color:#bf5905;color:#bf5905}.FollowButton_following__xKCww:hover{background-color:#ffead7;border-color:rgba(191,89,5,.5)}.FollowButton_follow__d_6u5{border-color:var(--celadon-blue-dark);color:var(--celadon-blue-dark)}.FollowButton_follow__d_6u5:hover{background-color:#eaf7ff;border-color:rgba(2,126,176,.5)}@media screen and (max-width:928px){.FollowButton_root__FxpBi{display:none}}.Description_root__kt4uq{--line-height:26px;position:relative}.Description_root__kt4uq.Description_clamped__PaV_1{padding-bottom:25px}.Description_root__kt4uq.Description_clamped__PaV_1 .Description_wrapper__hYE9_{mask-image:linear-gradient(to bottom,var(--white),transparent);-webkit-mask-image:linear-gradient(to bottom,var(--white),transparent)}.Description_wrapper__hYE9_{min-height:var(--line-height);display:-webkit-box;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:2}.Description_noClamp__1z7c5,.Description_wrapper__hYE9_.Description_expanded__lRamt{-webkit-line-clamp:unset;-webkit-mask-image:none;mask-image:none}.Description_wrapper__hYE9_.Description_expanded__lRamt{height:auto}.Description_wrapper__hYE9_ p{color:var(--blue-gray-600);font-size:18px;line-height:var(--line-height);white-space:pre-wrap;word-break:break-word}.Description_more__ChrRK{position:absolute;padding:0;bottom:0;height:26px}.Description_less__BvWbY{padding:0}.Description_hidden__a9QZJ{display:none}@media screen and (max-width:928px){.Description_more__ChrRK{right:0;background-color:#fff}.Description_root__kt4uq.Description_clamped__PaV_1{padding-bottom:0}.Description_less__BvWbY,.Description_more__ChrRK{height:var(--line-height)}}.PillsList_root__2EydN{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;gap:8px}.Pill_root__IqOYH{--bg:color-mix(in srgb,var(--celadon-blue-dark),90% transparent);--color:var(--blue-gray-800);height:40px;display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;background-color:var(--bg);border-radius:100vmax;color:var(--color);font-size:16px;font-weight:600;padding-inline:16px;transition:color .2s ease-in-out,background-color .2s ease-in-out,filter .2s ease-in-out;cursor:pointer;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;user-select:none;text-decoration:none;white-space:nowrap}.Pill_root__IqOYH:not(.Pill_selected__VPtHm):hover{filter:brightness(.6)}.Pill_root__IqOYH.Pill_selected__VPtHm{--bg:var(--blue-gray-900);--color:var(--white)}@media screen and (max-width:520px){.Pill_root__IqOYH{height:28px;padding-inline:12px;gap:4px;font-size:12px}.Pill_icon__xE_Cg{--size:18px!important}}.Actions_root__00yIC{display:flex;align-items:baseline;gap:6px}.ReadingModeTooltip_root__laf5h{width:277px}.ToggleButtonGroup_root__vtGE_{display:inline-flex;gap:4px;padding:5px 8px;border-radius:4px;background-color:var(--white);border:1px solid var(--blue-gray-200)}.ToggleButton_root__jGx6U{border-radius:4px;background-color:var(--white);color:var(--blue-gray-700);border:none;width:44px;height:34px;display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;cursor:pointer}.ToggleButton_selected__51g6d{background-color:var(--blue-gray-200)}.SaveLoggedIn_icon__lk74r{color:var(--blue-gray-700)}.PopoverMenuContent_root__MsRtR{background:var(--white);box-shadow:0 .5px 5px rgba(0,0,0,.04),0 4px 11px rgba(0,0,0,.2);border-radius:4px;opacity:0;visibility:hidden;transition:opacity .2s ease-in-out,visibility .2s ease-in-out;z-index:1000;overflow-y:auto}.PopoverMenuContent_root__MsRtR.PopoverMenuContent_visible__O86I_{opacity:1;visibility:visible;transition-delay:0s}.PopoverMenuItem_item__iazpP{width:100%;display:flex;align-items:center;background-color:transparent;color:inherit;cursor:pointer;font-size:inherit;line-height:24px;padding:12px 16px;white-space:nowrap}.PopoverMenuItem_item__iazpP.PopoverMenuItem_highlight__inbqK,.PopoverMenuItem_item__iazpP:hover{background-color:var(--blue-gray-100)}.PopoverMenuSeparator_separator__UpSGw{width:calc(100% - 32px);height:1px;background-color:var(--blue-gray-300);margin:8px 16px}.SavePopover_popover__mZhIY{width:290px;max-height:220px;color:var(--blue-gray-800);font-weight:400;padding:6px 8px;font-size:12px;line-height:15px;overflow:hidden}.SavePopover_saveToNewList__MVBSu{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;color:var(--midnight-green-dark);font-weight:600;font-size:18px;line-height:24px;padding:10px;width:100%}.SavePopover_addIcon__aJLJ3{color:var(--blue-gray-800)}.SavePopover_horizontalSeparator__bsI6Y{border:none;border-bottom:1px solid var(--blue-gray-300);margin:8px 0}.SavePopover_listsContainer__tGGtp{height:100%;max-height:144px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;overflow-y:auto}.SavePopover_saveToList__Fsfl9{color:var(--blue-gray-800);font-weight:400;font-size:16px;justify-content:space-between;line-height:24px;padding:12px 14px 12px 16px;width:100%}.SavePopover_saveToList__Fsfl9 span:not(.SavePopover_clampLines__Blxtm){display:flex;flex-direction:row;gap:35px;justify-content:space-between}.SavePopover_saveToList__Fsfl9 span.SavePopover_clampLines__Blxtm{display:inline-block;overflow:hidden;text-align:left;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap;width:180px}.SavePopover_listIcon__OVsXv{color:var(--blue-gray-900)}.SavePopover_noSavedLists__0Mh_H{color:var(--blue-gray-600);font-weight:400;font-size:16px;line-height:24px;padding:12px 16px;text-align:center}.SaveOptionsDrawer_drawerTrigger__Gb7nK{box-shadow:none;border:none;border-radius:4px;position:relative;z-index:7}.SaveOptionsDrawer_drawerTrigger__Gb7nK:active,.SaveOptionsDrawer_drawerTrigger__Gb7nK:active:focus,.SaveOptionsDrawer_drawerTrigger__Gb7nK:hover{border:none;box-shadow:none;background-color:transparent}.SaveOptionsDrawer_drawerTrigger__Gb7nK:focus{background:transparent}.SaveOptionsDrawerContent_drawerContent__J5JTL{margin:16px}.SaveOptionsDrawerContent_separator__UW5Rz{margin:8px 0}.SaveOptionsDrawerContent_itemsContainer__tCXw5{display:flex;flex-direction:column;margin-top:0;max-height:144px;overflow-y:auto}.SaveOptionsDrawerContent_drawerActionSecondary__7cq8j{font-weight:400;line-height:24px;padding:0 8px;margin:8px 0;width:100%}.SaveOptionsDrawerContent_drawerActionSecondary__7cq8j span{color:var(--blue-gray-800);justify-content:space-between;gap:30px}.SaveOptionsDrawerContent_drawerActionPrimary____QuR span{gap:14px}.SaveOptionsDrawerContent_drawerActionPrimary____QuR{color:var(--blue-gray-800);display:flex;font-weight:400;line-height:24px;align-items:center;justify-content:flex-start;padding:8px 4px;margin:14px 0}.SaveOptionsDrawerContent_drawerActionPrimary____QuR.SaveOptionsDrawerContent_newListButton__VzhfD{font-size:16px;font-weight:600}.SaveOptionsDrawerContent_addIcon__Wb2cq{color:var(--blue-gray-800)}.SaveOptionsDrawerContent_drawerActionSecondary__7cq8j span.SaveOptionsDrawerContent_clampLines__zfkfI{display:inline-block;overflow:hidden;text-align:left;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap;width:calc(100vw - 115px)}.SaveOptionsDrawerContent_listIcon__5dcfC{color:var(--blue-gray-900)}.SaveOptionsDrawerContent_noSavedLists__cpUBY{color:var(--blue-gray-600);font-weight:400;font-size:16px;line-height:24px;padding:12px 16px;text-align:center}.Separator_root__70Ime{--orientationMargin:0;background-color:var(--blue-gray-200);flex-shrink:0}.Separator_horizontal__czVEa{width:calc(100% - var(--orientationMargin) * 2);height:1px}.Separator_vertical__JYCCK{width:1px;height:calc(100% - var(--orientationMargin) * 2)}.SaveLoggedOut_icon__ny9X2{color:var(--blue-gray-700)}.Dropdown_root__Z78h8{display:inline-block;position:relative;color:inherit}.DropdownTrigger_trigger__SzsBj{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:transparent;border:none;font-size:inherit;padding:0;margin:0;cursor:pointer}.DropdownTrigger_trigger__SzsBj:active,.DropdownTrigger_trigger__SzsBj:focus,.DropdownTrigger_trigger__SzsBj:hover{background:transparent}.DropdownContent_content__3daFs{position:absolute;display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;padding:8px 0;background-color:#fff;box-shadow:0 .5px 5px rgba(0,0,0,.039),0 3.75px 11px rgba(0,0,0,.19);border-radius:4px;color:var(--blue-gray-800);opacity:0;visibility:hidden;transition:transform .15s,opacity .15s,visibility 0s linear .15s;transform:scale(.95);z-index:var(--dropdown-index)}.DropdownContent_bottom-left__gioqM{top:calc(100% + 6px);left:0;transform-origin:top left}.DropdownContent_bottom-right__QJ94h{top:calc(100% + 6px);right:0;transform-origin:top right}.DropdownContent_top-left__O3Ryp{bottom:calc(100% + 6px);left:0;transform-origin:bottom left}.DropdownContent_top-right___Qe45{bottom:calc(100% + 6px);right:0;transform-origin:bottom right}.DropdownContent_content__3daFs.DropdownContent_open__6VoiP{visibility:visible;opacity:1;transform:none;transition-delay:0s}.DropdownItem_item__Sv0GT{width:100%;display:flex;align-items:center;background-color:transparent;color:inherit;cursor:pointer;font-size:inherit;line-height:24px;padding:12px 16px;white-space:nowrap}.DropdownItem_highlight__jO3zg,.DropdownItem_item__Sv0GT:hover{background-color:var(--blue-gray-100)}.DropdownSeparator_separator__EN82n{width:calc(100% - 32px);height:1px;background-color:var(--blue-gray-300);margin:8px 16px}.MoreDropdownButton_moreOptionsDropdown__GK_Uw{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:32px;height:32px}.MoreDropdownButton_item__t4HmI{gap:12px}.MoreDropdownButton_moreOptionsIcon__TpJLA{color:var(--blue-gray-700)}.MoreDropdownButton_icon__DxfY4{color:var(--blue-gray-800)}.MoreDropdownButton_tooltip__az4od{white-space:nowrap}.MetadataToolbar_root__c03ao{--shadow-opacity:0;display:grid;height:var(--metadata-toolbar-height);background-color:var(--white);z-index:var(--header-index)}.MetadataToolbar_wrapper__r7XEc{position:relative;display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) max-content 1fr;align-items:center;padding-inline-end:20px;padding-block:16px}.MetadataToolbar_underline__QQn0C{grid-column:1/-1;grid-row:2;height:1px;position:absolute;bottom:0;right:-20px;left:-30vw;background-color:var(--blue-gray-200);box-shadow:0 2px 4px 0 rgba(0 0 0/var(--shadow-opacity));animation:MetadataToolbar_reveal-shadow__5yBxP linear both;animation-timeline:scroll(block);animation-range:150px 450px}.MetadataToolbar_verticalMode__Bh759{position:sticky}.MetadataToolbar_title__jfTWv{font-size:18px;font-weight:600}.MetadataToolbar_actions__FB33C{width:-moz-max-content;width:max-content;justify-self:flex-end;display:flex;grid-column-end:-1}.MetadataToolbar_pageNumber__i6Bhj{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;margin-inline:1em;height:44px}.MetadataToolbar_isInReadingModeVariant__XMDcr{align-items:flex-start}.MetadataToolbar_isInReadingModeVariant__XMDcr .MetadataToolbar_downloadButton__ncS7o>button{padding:0 15px}@media screen and (max-width:928px){.MetadataToolbar_root__c03ao{display:none}}@media screen and (min-width:929px) and (max-width:1249px){.MetadataToolbar_isInReadingModeVariant__XMDcr .MetadataToolbar_pageNumber__i6Bhj{display:none}}@keyframes MetadataToolbar_reveal-shadow__5yBxP{to{--shadow-opacity:0.122}}.DownloadButton_root__adY00{margin-left:auto;display:inline-grid;gap:6px;justify-items:center;flex-shrink:0}.DownloadButton_savedStyling__k18od{font-weight:600;font-size:18px}.DownloadMultipleFormatDrawer_root__CWFxX{width:100%;padding:0 24px}.DownloadMultipleFormatDrawer_drawerHeading__8LnFw{margin:16px 0}.DownloadMultipleFormatDrawer_drawerContent__y815X{width:100%;padding:24px 0}.DownloadMultipleFormatDrawer_drawerRadioButtons__I_lQ4 label{margin-bottom:20px}.DownloadMultipleFormatDrawer_drawerRadioButtons__I_lQ4{margin-bottom:4px}.Fieldset_root__L2NQU{display:grid;padding:0;border:0}.Fieldset_root__L2NQU legend{display:none}.DownloadMultipleFormatPopover_popoverContent__IJudF{min-width:185px}.FadeInOut_root__v7Efq{position:relative;min-width:0;background-color:var(--snow-gray);padding:20px}.FadeInOut_root__v7Efq.FadeInOut_isInfographic__PdX2K{background-color:unset;padding-inline-start:0;padding-inline-end:20px}@media (max-width:928px){.FadeInOut_root__v7Efq,.FadeInOut_root__v7Efq.FadeInOut_isInfographic__PdX2K{background-color:unset;padding-inline:2px}}.FadeInOut_in__9dYWz{animation:FadeInOut_fadeIn__14JD0 .5s}.FadeInOut_out___eDZk{animation:FadeInOut_fadeOut__ILQaD .4s}@keyframes FadeInOut_fadeIn__14JD0{0%{opacity:0}to{opacity:1}}@keyframes FadeInOut_fadeOut__ILQaD{0%{opacity:1}to{opacity:0}}.VerticalSlideOverlayed_root__9Thd4{position:relative}.VerticalSlideOverlayed_root__9Thd4 .vertical-slide-image{position:absolute;inset:0}.VerticalSlideOverlayed_active___p5f2 .vertical-slide-image{opacity:.4}.VerticalSlideOverlayed_active___p5f2{background-color:#000}.VerticalSlideImage_image__VtE4p{width:100%;height:100%;-o-object-fit:contain;object-fit:contain;box-shadow:0 0 0 1px var(--blue-gray-200);border-radius:8px;transition:opacity .3s cubic-bezier(.2,0,0,1);opacity:.9;overflow:clip;background-color:var(--blue-gray-600);animation-name:VerticalSlideImage_pulse__OPBSn;animation-direction:alternate;animation-duration:1s;animation-iteration-count:infinite;animation-timing-function:ease-in-out}.VerticalSlideImage_image__VtE4p.VerticalSlideImage_isLoaded__r4xAa{opacity:1;animation:none;background-color:unset}@keyframes VerticalSlideImage_pulse__OPBSn{0%{opacity:.09}to{opacity:.15}}.SlideScrollDetector_root__AIK38{position:relative;height:100%;width:100%;pointer-events:none}.SlideScrollDetector_detector__rhkyk{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;height:1px;width:100%}.SlideScrollDetector_detector1__NmF8s{top:25%}.SlideScrollDetector_detector2__32XWr{top:75%}.SlideActions_root__fB9Q4{position:absolute;right:0;top:0;display:grid;grid-template-columns:40px;grid-template-rows:40px 40px;grid-column-gap:12px;-moz-column-gap:12px;column-gap:12px;grid-row-gap:12px;row-gap:12px;padding:12px;justify-content:flex-end;align-items:center;text-align:end}.SlideActions_active__aD_e1{grid-template-columns:max-content 40px}.SlideActions_button__o8UXk{background-color:var(--blue-gray-100);color:var(--blue-gray-700)}.VerticalSlide_infographic__ij1FA,.VerticalSlide_root__jU_9r{position:relative}.VerticalSlide_root__jU_9r .vertical-slide-image{position:absolute;inset:0}.VerticalSlide_infographic__ij1FA .vertical-slide-image{position:unset}.VerticalPlayer_root__K8_YS{position:relative;display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);grid-gap:24px;gap:24px}@media screen and (max-width:928px){.VerticalPlayer_root__K8_YS{gap:8px}}.FreestarVideoAd_root__KDWgl{min-width:0;flex-shrink:0;aspect-ratio:16/9}.VerticalInterstitialAdWrapper_root__LxQh8{container-type:inline-size;position:relative;display:grid;min-height:280px;overflow-x:clip}.VerticalInterstitialAdWrapper_root__LxQh8:has(.interstitial-ad-container.has-fetched):not(:has(.interstitial-ad-container.has-fetched .freestar-ad-container:not(.unfilled))){display:none}.VerticalInterstitialAdWrapper_root__LxQh8:has(div.interstitial-ad-container.has-fetched div.freestar-ad-container.filled div),.VerticalInterstitialAdWrapper_root__LxQh8:has(div.interstitial-ad-container.has-fetched div.freestar-ad-container.unfilled iframe){display:block!important}.VerticalInterstitial_root__Dunl7{display:none}@media (max-width:520px){.VerticalInterstitial_root__Dunl7:not(.VerticalInterstitial_inVariant__xB9lL){display:block}}@container (max-width: 480px){.VerticalInterstitial_root__Dunl7.VerticalInterstitial_inVariant__xB9lL{display:block}}.FreestarAdContainer_root__qPPC_{position:relative;display:grid;place-content:center}.FreestarAdContainer_root__qPPC_.FreestarAdContainer_withFallback__A4lgm{aspect-ratio:var(--fallback-aspect-ratio)}.FreestarAdContainer_fallback__WreT9{position:absolute;inset:0;grid-template-columns:unset;place-content:center}.AdFallback_root__uAXsl{display:grid;justify-items:center;grid-template-columns:1fr;z-index:0}.MultipleIncontentSmall_root__x58Hs{display:none;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(max-content,300px));place-content:center;gap:16px}@media (min-width:521px){.MultipleIncontentSmall_root__x58Hs:not(.MultipleIncontentSmall_inVariant__uf1S8){display:grid}}@container (max-width: 616px){.MultipleIncontentSmall_root__x58Hs:not(.MultipleIncontentSmall_inVariant__uf1S8) .freestar-ad-container:nth-of-type(2){display:none}}@container (min-width: 616px) and (max-width: 688px){.MultipleIncontentSmall_root__x58Hs.MultipleIncontentSmall_inVariant__uf1S8{display:grid}}.MultipleIncontentWide_root__4WD8U{display:none;place-content:center}@container (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 616px){.MultipleIncontentWide_root__4WD8U{display:grid}}.MultipleIncontentLarge_root__pGIAn{display:none;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(max-content,336px));place-content:center;gap:16px}@container (min-width: 688px){.MultipleIncontentLarge_root__pGIAn{display:grid}}.SlideRecs_root__likA5{--card-hover-background:var(--blue-gray-200);display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:20px}.SlideRecs_root__likA5 h2{font-size:24px;font-weight:600}@media (max-width:1050px){.SlideRecs_root__likA5{display:none}}.SlideRecs_root__likA5 .SlideRecs_cards__Lbxtt{display:grid;grid-gap:16px;gap:16px}.SlideRecs_root__likA5 .SlideRecs_card__txc2D{position:relative;grid-template-columns:180px 1fr;grid-template-rows:auto;gap:16px}.SlideRecs_root__likA5 .slideshow-thumbnail{box-shadow:0 0 0 1px var(--blue-gray-200)}.SlideRecs_root__likA5 .slideshow-card-content{padding-block:0;padding-inline-end:36px;gap:8px}.SlideRecs_root__likA5 .slideshow-title{line-height:1;margin-block-end:0}.SlideRecs_root__likA5 .SlideRecs_wrapper__21j_w{display:flex;gap:8px;align-items:center}.SlideRecs_root__likA5 .SlideRecs_wrapper__21j_w a,.SlideRecs_root__likA5 .SlideRecs_wrapper__21j_w span{font-size:12px}.SlideRecs_root__likA5 .SlideRecs_save__RR8dD{position:absolute;top:8px;right:8px}.SlideRecs_root__likA5 .SlideRecs_author__zlhWO{color:var(--blue-gray-700);font-weight:600;text-decoration:none;z-index:2}.SlideRecs_root__likA5 .SlideRecs_author__zlhWO:first-letter{text-transform:uppercase}.SlideRecs_root__likA5 .SlideRecs_card__txc2D .slideshow-title{font-size:16px}.SlideRecs_root__likA5 .SlideRecs_description__0bGsx{color:var(--blue-gray-700);font-size:14px;display:-webkit-box;overflow:hidden;line-clamp:1;-webkit-line-clamp:1;-webkit-box-orient:vertical}.SlideRecs_root__likA5 .SlideRecs_dot__Db7HR{font-size:16px}.SlideRecs_root__likA5 .SlideRecs_tags__RCA1q{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;gap:8px}.SlideRecs_root__likA5 .SlideRecs_tags__RCA1q span{display:grid;place-content:center;height:20px;background-color:var(--alice-blue-600);border-radius:100vmax;color:var(--blue-gray-700);font-size:11px;font-weight:600;padding-inline:12px;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;user-select:none;white-space:nowrap;text-transform:capitalize;z-index:2}.RecWithPopover_root__iNXfW{width:330px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:8px}.RecWithPopover_root__iNXfW>*{line-height:18px}.RecWithPopover_root__iNXfW h3{font-size:16px;font-weight:600}.RecWithPopover_root__iNXfW p{flex:1 1;color:var(--blue-gray-600);font-size:14px;max-width:100%;display:-webkit-box;line-clamp:5;-webkit-line-clamp:5;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;overflow-y:hidden}.RecWithPopover_hasSiblingsWithPopover__dlaxN{border-radius:4px;padding:12px}.RecWithPopover_hasPopover__G8_rr:hover:not(:has(:is(.save:hover,.author:hover))){background-color:var(--card-hover-background)}.SlideshowCard_root__pD8t4{position:relative;display:grid;grid-template-rows:max-content minmax(0,1fr);grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);align-content:flex-start;color:var(--blue-gray-600)}.SlideshowCard_root__pD8t4:hover .SlideshowCard_thumb__86aJk{scale:1.02}.SlideshowCard_content__xh7kV{display:flex;flex-direction:column;-moz-column-gap:8px;column-gap:8px;padding:16px 0}.SlideshowCardLink_root__p8KI7{position:absolute;inset:0;z-index:1;margin:4px}.Thumbnail_root__qLW0K{--ease:cubic-bezier(0.2,0,0,1);position:relative;background-color:var(--blue-gray-100);border:1px solid var(--blue-gray-100);border-radius:8px;-webkit-backdrop-filter:blur(8px);backdrop-filter:blur(8px);scale:1;transition:scale .2s var(--ease);overflow:hidden}.Thumbnail_thumb__UXO3a{--reveal-delay:calc(30ms * var(--index));position:absolute;inset:0;width:100%;height:100%;opacity:0;transition:opacity .3s var(--ease);transition-delay:var(--reveal-delay)}.Thumbnail_loaded__XOJ5p{opacity:1}.Thumbnail_blur__opK6A{filter:blur(8px)}.Thumbnail_cover__1zsIi{-o-object-fit:cover;object-fit:cover}.Thumbnail_contain__K6M0d{-o-object-fit:contain;object-fit:contain}.SlideshowTitle_root__2VccW{display:-webkit-box;color:var(--blue-gray-900);font-size:18px;font-weight:600;line-height:1.2;margin-bottom:8px;white-space:break-spaces;word-break:break-word;-webkit-box-orient:vertical}.RecSaveButton_root__0CS9m{grid-area:d}.RecSaveButton_icon__btwCp{fill:currentColor;z-index:2}@media (max-width:928px){.RecSaveButton_root__0CS9m{display:none}}.SlideshowAuthor_root__IkT1_{color:var(--celadon-blue);font-weight:600;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-color:transparent;text-decoration-color:transparent;text-decoration-thickness:1.5px;text-underline-offset:2px;transition:-webkit-text-decoration-color .2s ease-out;transition:text-decoration-color .2s ease-out;transition:text-decoration-color .2s ease-out,-webkit-text-decoration-color .2s ease-out;z-index:2}.SlideshowAuthor_root__IkT1_:hover{-webkit-text-decoration-color:var(--celadon-blue);text-decoration-color:var(--celadon-blue)}.CountTag_root__y1hE1,.SplitDot_root__lTZDc{color:var(--blue-gray-600);font-weight:400}.SlideshowStats_root__EQOR1{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:6px}.SlideshowStats_text___WD7l{color:var(--blue-gray-600)}.BelowReaderAd_root__NKeGg{margin-top:16px;margin-bottom:60px}.BelowReaderAd_root__NKeGg.BelowReaderAd_desktop__7_JN7{display:block;justify-items:flex-start}.BelowReaderAd_root__NKeGg.BelowReaderAd_mobile__08T3d{display:none}.BelowReaderAd_root__NKeGg .fallback-ad{justify-self:flex-start}@media screen and (max-width:928px){.BelowReaderAd_root__NKeGg.BelowReaderAd_desktop__7_JN7{display:none}.BelowReaderAd_root__NKeGg.BelowReaderAd_mobile__08T3d{display:block;justify-items:center}}.Sidebar_root__1BbNu{width:var(--sidebar-size);max-height:100dvh;overflow:clip scroll;position:sticky;top:var(--metadata-toolbar-offset,0);display:flex;flex-direction:column;padding-inline-start:28px;padding-block-start:32px;padding-block-end:430px}.Sidebar_root__1BbNu.Sidebar_withSidebarAds__0w0dT{max-height:unset;overflow:unset;position:static;top:unset;display:grid;grid-template-rows:repeat(var(--slots),1fr);padding-inline:28px}@media (max-width:1050px){.Sidebar_root__1BbNu,.Sidebar_root__1BbNu.Sidebar_withSidebarAds__0w0dT{display:none}}.AboveRecsAd_root__iTmTR{min-height:280px;margin-block-end:32px}.AboveRecsAd_root__iTmTR .freestar-ad-container{place-content:flex-start}@media (max-width:1050px){.AboveRecsAd_root__iTmTR .freestar-ad-container{place-content:center}}.AboveRecsAd_mobileAd__LYgqf{display:none}.AboveRecsAd_desktopAd__ymykj{display:block}@media (max-width:1050px){.AboveRecsAd_mobileAd__LYgqf{display:block}.AboveRecsAd_desktopAd__ymykj{display:none}}.RailRecommendations_root__zqtZQ{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:8px;padding-block-end:24px}.RailRecommendations_title__kt1D2{font-size:24px;color:var(--blue-gray-900);font-weight:600;margin-block-end:20px}@media only screen and (min-width:929px){.RailRecommendations_hidden__7Ct2B{display:none}}.RailCard_root__rZUGY{--card-hover-background:var(--blue-gray-100);width:100%;position:relative;border-radius:8px;padding-block:12px;padding-inline:8px}.RailCard_root__rZUGY.slideshow-card{grid-template-columns:160px minmax(0,1fr);grid-template-rows:auto;gap:12px}.RailCard_root__rZUGY .slideshow-card-content{padding:0}.RailCard_actionContainer__eXUHT{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 28px;grid-column-gap:8px;-moz-column-gap:8px;column-gap:8px}.RailCard_root__rZUGY .RailCard_actionContainer__eXUHT .slideshow-author,.RailCard_root__rZUGY .RailCard_actionContainer__eXUHT .slideshow-stats,.RailCard_root__rZUGY .RailCard_actionContainer__eXUHT .slideshow-title{grid-area:unset}.RailCard_root__rZUGY .RailCard_actionContainer__eXUHT .slideshow-author,.RailCard_root__rZUGY .RailCard_actionContainer__eXUHT .slideshow-stats{grid-column:1/-1}.RailCard_root__rZUGY .RailCard_actionContainer__eXUHT .slideshow-author{grid-row:2}.RailCard_root__rZUGY .RailCard_actionContainer__eXUHT .slideshow-stats{grid-row:3}.RailCard_link__d3BBm{z-index:1}.RailCard_info__Oqm6G{min-width:0;display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;word-break:break-word}.RailCard_root__rZUGY .RailCard_title__Tvfiv{font-size:16px;margin-bottom:0;grid-area:a;word-break:break-word}.RailCard_root__rZUGY .RailCard_stats__ZvZms{margin-top:12px}.RailCard_stats__ZvZms .text{font-size:12px}.RailCard_root__rZUGY .RailCard_author__JYeYZ{color:var(--blue-gray-700);margin-top:8px;text-decoration:none}@media screen and (min-width:929px){.RailCard_root__rZUGY:hover{background-color:var(--blue-gray-100)}}.RelatedContent_root__29Np1{background-color:var(--blue-gray-100);border-top:1px solid var(--blue-gray-200);border-bottom:1px solid var(--blue-gray-200);padding-block:32px;position:relative}.RelatedContent_wrapper__riU7l{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);grid-gap:32px;gap:32px;max-width:var(--max-content-width);margin-inline:auto}.RelatedContent_title__QUhpL{text-align:center;font-size:32px;font-weight:700}.RelatedContent_root__29Np1 .bottom-recs{display:grid}.RelatedContent_root__29Np1 .rail-recs{display:none}@media screen and (max-width:520px){.RelatedContent_root__29Np1 .bottom-recs{display:none}.RelatedContent_root__29Np1 .rail-recs{display:flex}.RelatedContent_wrapper__riU7l{padding-inline:16px}}.BottomRecommendation_root__7aU9w{display:grid;grid-gap:4px;gap:4px;padding-inline:24px}.BottomRecommendation_title__SRj68{font-size:22px;font-weight:600}.BottomRecommendation_count__4HpLo{color:var(--blue-gray-600);font-size:16px;font-weight:400}.Slider_root__c0Jo8{position:relative;display:grid}.Slider_scroller__KHjw4{display:flex;gap:20px;overflow:auto;scroll-snap-type:x mandatory;overscroll-behavior-x:contain;max-inline-size:100%;min-block-size:100%;touch-action:pan-x;-ms-overflow-style:none;scrollbar-width:none}.Slider_scroller__KHjw4::-webkit-scrollbar{display:none}.Slider_scroller__KHjw4>*{flex-grow:1;flex-shrink:0;scroll-snap-align:start}.Slider_scroller__KHjw4>:last-child{scroll-snap-align:end}.Slider_arrow__8LCca{display:grid;place-content:center;width:36px;height:36px;position:absolute;top:50%;background:var(--white);border:1px solid var(--blue-gray-200);border-radius:100vmax;box-shadow:0 2px 4px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.25);color:var(--blue-gray-800);padding:0;opacity:1;visibility:visible;pointer-events:all;transition:opacity .2s ease-in-out,visibility .2s ease-in-out;transition-delay:0s;cursor:pointer;z-index:1}.Slider_prev__YMssa{left:0;translate:-50% -50%}.Slider_next__fa9IO{right:0;translate:50% -50%}.Slider_hidden__rs7nK{opacity:0;visibility:hidden;pointer-events:none}.BottomRecommendationCard_root__gffTk{inline-size:clamp(220px,12.63rem + 3.45vw,260px);position:relative;border-radius:8px;background-color:#fff;border:1px solid var(--blue-gray-200)}.BottomRecommendationCard_root__gffTk .slideshow-thumbnail{border-radius:0;border-top-left-radius:8px;border-top-right-radius:8px}.BottomRecommendationCard_root__gffTk .slideshow-card-content{padding:16px}.BottomRecommendationCard_root__gffTk .slideshow-author{max-width:50%;word-break:break-all;white-space:break-spaces;-webkit-line-clamp:1;display:-webkit-box;-webkit-box-orient:vertical}.BottomRecommendationCard_root__gffTk .slideshow-stats{margin-block-start:auto}.BottomRecommendationCard_root__gffTk:focus,.BottomRecommendationCard_root__gffTk:focus-visible{outline:none;border-color:var(--celadon-blue);border-width:1px}.BottomRecommendationCard_root__gffTk .BottomRecommendationCard_text__5jKNE{display:-webkit-box;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;white-space:break-spaces;word-break:break-word;-webkit-line-clamp:1}.BottomRecommendationCard_link__pHORq:before{content:"";position:absolute;inset:0;z-index:1}.BottomRecommendationCard_metaLine__shwPk{display:flex;gap:8px;align-items:center;white-space:nowrap;grid-area:c}.ScribdRecommendation_root__t3ezS{display:grid;grid-gap:16px;gap:16px;padding:0 24px}.ScribdRecommendation_header__Jw_M1{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr max-content}.ScribdRecommendation_title__JZ5p7{font-size:22px;font-weight:600}.ScribdRecommendation_link__4DVQz{align-self:end;grid-column:2;grid-row:1/span 2;color:var(--celadon-blue-dark)}.ScribdRecommendation_link__4DVQz:hover{color:var(--celadon-blue)}.ScribdRecommendationCard_root__ef2Y_{--ease:cubic-bezier(0.2,0,0,1);--rec-bg-1:#f1e3e3;--rec-bg-2:#f6f4e3;--rec-bg-3:#e1eaec;--rec-bg-4:#efebef;--rec-bg-5:#f1f0f0;--rec-bg-6:#f4eadb;--rec-bg-7:#eaeee7;--rec-bg-8:#e3e8ef;--rec-bg-9:#f1eee6;max-width:172px;position:relative;height:100%;display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);grid-template-rows:max-content minmax(0,1fr);align-content:flex-start;background-color:var(--white);border:1px solid var(--blue-gray-200);box-shadow:none;transition:box-shadow .2s ease-in-out;text-decoration:none}.ScribdRecommendationCard_root__ef2Y_:hover{box-shadow:0 2px 10px rgba(0,0,0,.1)}.ScribdRecommendationCard_thumb__5VVNh{position:relative;display:flex;background-color:var(--blue-gray-200);margin-block-start:24px;margin-inline:20px}.ScribdRecommendationCard_root__ef2Y_:before{position:absolute;inset:0;aspect-ratio:19/16;content:"";background-color:var(--block-color)}.ScribdRecommendationCard_thumb__5VVNh img{--reveal-delay:calc(30ms * var(--card-index));aspect-ratio:inherit;box-shadow:0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,.2);-o-object-fit:cover;object-fit:cover;opacity:0;visibility:hidden;transition:opacity .3s var(--ease);transition-delay:var(--reveal-delay)}.ScribdRecommendationCard_loaded__FTN_f img{opacity:1;visibility:visible}.ScribdRecommendationCard_content__ObcvL{display:flex;flex-direction:column;padding-block:20px;padding-inline:16px}.ScribdRecommendationCard_content__ObcvL .rating{padding-block-start:8px;margin-block-start:auto}@media (max-width:928px){.ScribdRecommendationCard_content__ObcvL .rating{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start}}.Rating_root__fgZQJ{display:flex;align-items:center;-moz-column-gap:6px;column-gap:6px;white-space:nowrap}.Rating_root__fgZQJ :first-child{color:#e47b01;font-size:16px;line-height:1}.Rating_root__fgZQJ :last-child{color:var(--blue-gray-600);font-size:14px;letter-spacing:-.25px}.Transcript_root__Vrf6Q{width:100%;max-width:var(--max-content-width);display:grid;grid-gap:8px;gap:8px;padding:32px 16px;margin-inline:auto;position:relative;background:#fff}.Transcript_title__YgAka{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:4px;font-weight:300;word-break:break-word}.Transcript_list__faItj{list-style-type:none;padding-inline-start:0;word-break:break-word}.Transcript_link__MLbGS{color:var(--celadon-blue);font-weight:700;line-height:22px;text-decoration:none;cursor:pointer}.EditorsNotes_root__3PcDF{padding:32px 16px;margin:0 auto}.EditorsNotes_heading__XR9E6{font-weight:700;font-size:22px}.EditorsNotes_list__NcG5Y{padding-left:30px;font-size:18px;font-style:italic;color:var(--blue-gray-600)}.EditorsNotes_item__ebBbj{word-break:break-word}@media screen and (min-width:1696px){.EditorsNotes_root__3PcDF{max-width:1688px}}.FixedDownloadButton_root__14xtQ{display:none}@media screen and (max-width:928px){.FixedDownloadButton_root__14xtQ{position:sticky;bottom:0;display:flex;justify-content:right;z-index:3;padding:16px}}.Modal_root__TYkzh[open]{opacity:1;animation:Modal_slide-in__GHXut .3s ease-out}.Modal_root__TYkzh{--max-height:calc(100dvb - var(--header-height));--slide-from:calc(-50% + 8px);--slide-to:-50%;--title-size:80px;max-width:100%;max-height:var(--max-height);top:50%;left:50%;translate:-50% -50%;box-shadow:0 0 0 1px rgba(9,30,66,.08),0 2px 1px rgba(9,30,66,.08),0 0 20px -6px rgba(9,30,66,.3);border:0;border-radius:var(--border-radius);padding:0;opacity:0;animation:Modal_slide-out__m_Ov2 .2s ease-in;transition:display allow-discrete .3s,overlay allow-discrete .3s;overflow:clip}@starting-style{.Modal_root__TYkzh[open]{opacity:0}}.Modal_root__TYkzh.Modal_small__hupRE{width:400px}.Modal_root__TYkzh.Modal_medium__j8NOV{width:600px}.Modal_root__TYkzh.Modal_large__ygVmr{width:800px}.Modal_root__TYkzh.Modal_xlarge__HeXWk{width:960px}.Modal_wrapper__4UTGq{position:relative;display:flex;flex-direction:column}.Modal_wrapper__4UTGq>h1+*{flex:1 1;max-height:calc(var(--max-height) - var(--title-size));overflow:clip auto}@media screen and (max-width:520px){.Modal_root__TYkzh,.Modal_root__TYkzh.Modal_large__ygVmr,.Modal_root__TYkzh.Modal_medium__j8NOV,.Modal_root__TYkzh.Modal_small__hupRE,.Modal_root__TYkzh.Modal_xlarge__HeXWk{width:100vw}}@media screen and (max-width:928px){.Modal_root__TYkzh.Modal_bottomPlacement__BUbfp{--slide-from:8px;--slide-to:0;width:100vw;top:unset;bottom:0;translate:-50% 0;border-bottom-left-radius:0;border-bottom-right-radius:0}}@keyframes Modal_slide-in__GHXut{0%{translate:-50% var(--slide-from);opacity:0}to{translate:-50% var(--slide-to);opacity:1}}@keyframes Modal_slide-out__m_Ov2{0%{translate:-50% var(--slide-to);opacity:1}to{translate:-50% var(--slide-from);opacity:0}}.Modal_root__TYkzh::backdrop{background-color:transparent;transition:display allow-discrete .3s,overlay allow-discrete .3s,background-color .3s}.Modal_root__TYkzh[open]::backdrop{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.6)}@starting-style{.Modal_root__TYkzh[open]::backdrop{background-color:transparent}}.Modal_title__xhSfl{height:var(--title-size);display:flex;align-items:center;color:var(--blue-gray-900);font-size:20px;font-weight:600;border-bottom:1px solid var(--blue-gray-200);padding-inline-start:20px;padding-inline-end:60px}.Modal_title__xhSfl:first-letter{text-transform:capitalize}.Modal_content__R1F4d{padding-inline:20px;padding-block:24px}.Modal_actions__t63hZ{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:flex-end;gap:24px;padding-inline:20px;padding-block:16px}.CloseButton_root__JCTRm{position:absolute;right:16px;top:16px;width:40px;height:40px;display:grid;place-content:center;color:var(--blue-gray-600);border-radius:100vmax;background-color:transparent;border:0;padding:0;margin:0;transition:background-color .2s ease-in-out;cursor:pointer}.CloseButton_root__JCTRm:hover{background-color:rgba(var(--blue-gray-600-rgb),.05)}.ReportForm_root__RNqAc{display:grid;grid-gap:10px;gap:10px}.ReportForm_selectField__Kyyaj{max-width:unset!important}.LikeModal_more__R9uAk{justify-self:center;color:var(--celadon-blue);font-weight:500;opacity:0;visibility:hidden;transition:opacity .2s ease-in-out,visibility .2s ease-in-out}.LikeModal_more__R9uAk.LikeModal_visible__t1vr4{opacity:1;visibility:visible;transition-delay:0s}.LikesUserList_root__RMFUk{list-style:none;padding:0 0 16px;margin:0}.LikesUserList_root__RMFUk>li{display:grid}.LikesUserList_root__RMFUk>li:last-child .LikesUserList_link__NeMA0{border-bottom:none}.LikesUserList_link__NeMA0{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,max-content) 1fr;grid-template-rows:repeat(2,min-content);grid-template-areas:"avatar username summary" "avatar title title";grid-column-gap:12px;-moz-column-gap:12px;column-gap:12px;grid-row-gap:0;row-gap:0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--blue-gray-200);padding:8px 0;text-decoration:none}.LikesUserList_avatar__VRXz2{grid-area:avatar}.LikesUserList_username__c84om{grid-area:username}.LikesUserList_summary___gbSG{grid-area:summary}.LikesUserList_title__UF0V6{grid-area:title}.ViewModal_content__GPKXy{padding-block:0}.ViewModal_row__xLxnz{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;border-bottom:1px dashed var(--blue-gray-300);color:var(--blue-gray-800);padding:16px 0}.ViewModal_row__xLxnz:last-child{border-bottom:none}.ConfirmRemoveSavedModal_description__2EAEu{color:var(--blue-gray-800);font-weight:400;font-size:16px;line-height:20px;padding:24px 0}div.SaveToNewListModal_input__Fi90k{max-width:unset;margin-bottom:24px}.SaveToNewListModal_checkboxWrapper__y_w0m .SaveToNewListModal_checkboxLabel__lMiU9:hover,.SaveToNewListModal_checkboxWrapper__y_w0m:hover .SaveToNewListModal_checkboxLabel__lMiU9,.SaveToNewListModal_checkboxWrapper__y_w0m:hover .SaveToNewListModal_input__Fi90k{color:var(--blue-gray-800)}.SaveToNewListModal_checkboxWrapper__y_w0m .SaveToNewListModal_checkboxLabel__lMiU9{color:var(--blue-gray-800);font-weight:400;font-size:14px;flex-direction:column;display:flex;line-height:18px}.SaveToNewListModal_imageContainer__Dx4nD{display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:center;width:178px;margin:0 auto 24px}.SaveToNewListModal_imageContainer__Dx4nD img{height:100px}.SaveToNewListModal_errorContainer__FBZPH{margin:16px 0}
Svoboda | Graniru | BBC Russia | Golosameriki | Facebook
SlideShare a Scribd company logo
The Strategy Behind Digital Transformation
• MIT Sloan Management report: Strategy, not Technology, drives
digital transformation (4,800 business execs surveyed)
• Executive Summary:
• Digital strategy drives digital maturity. Only 15% of respondents from companies at the
early stages of digital maturity — an organization where digital has transformed
processes, talent engagement and business models — stated that their organizations
have a clear/coherent digital strategy. Among the digitally maturing, more than 80% do.
• The power of a digital transformation strategy lies in its scope and objectives. Less
digitally mature organizations tend to focus on individual technologies and have
strategies that are decidedly operational in focus. Digital strategies in the most mature
organizations are developed with an eye on transforming the business.
The Strategy Behind Digital Transformation
• MIT Sloan Management report: Strategy, not Technology, drives
digital transformation
• Executive Summary:
• Maturing digital organizations build skills to realize the strategy. Digitally maturing
organizations are 4x more likely to provide employees with needed skills than are
organizations at lower ends of the spectrum. The ability to conceptualize how digital
technologies can impact the business is a skill lacking in many companies at the early
stages of digital maturity.
• Employees want to work for digital leaders. Across age groups from 22 to 60, the vast
majority of respondents want to work for digitally enabled organizations. Employees will
be on the lookout for the best digital opportunities, and businesses will have to
continually up their digital game to retain and attract them.
The Strategy Behind Digital Transformation
• MIT Sloan Management report: Strategy, not Technology, drives
digital transformation
• Executive Summary:
• Taking risks becomes a cultural norm. Digitally maturing organizations are more
comfortable taking risks than their less digitally mature peers. To make their
organizations less risk averse, business leaders have to embrace failure as a prerequisite
for success. They must also address the likelihood that employees may be just as risk
averse as their managers and will need support to become bolder.
• The digital agenda is led from the top. Maturing organizations are nearly twice as likely
as less digitally mature entities to have a single person or group leading the effort. In
addition, employees in digitally maturing organizations are highly confident in their
leaders’ digital fluency. Digital fluency, however, doesn’t demand mastery of the
technologies. Instead, it requires the ability to articulate the value of digital technologies
to the organization’s future.
Charting Digital Transformation
Early Developing Maturing
Barriers Lack of Strategy Managing Distractions Security Focus
Strategy Customer/Productivity Growing Vision Transformative Vision
Focused
Culture Siloed Integrating Integrated/Innovative
Talent Dev Tepid Interest Investing Committed
Leadership Lacking Skills Learning Sophisticated
Charting Digital Transformation
Early Developing Maturing
Barriers Lack of Strategy Managing Distractions Security Focus
Strategy Customer/Productivity Growing Vision Transformative Vision
Focused
Culture Siloed Integrating Integrated/Innovative
Talent Dev Tepid Interest Investing Committed
Leadership Lacking Skills Learning Sophisticated

More Related Content

The Strategy Behind Digital Transformation

  • 1. The Strategy Behind Digital Transformation • MIT Sloan Management report: Strategy, not Technology, drives digital transformation (4,800 business execs surveyed) • Executive Summary: • Digital strategy drives digital maturity. Only 15% of respondents from companies at the early stages of digital maturity — an organization where digital has transformed processes, talent engagement and business models — stated that their organizations have a clear/coherent digital strategy. Among the digitally maturing, more than 80% do. • The power of a digital transformation strategy lies in its scope and objectives. Less digitally mature organizations tend to focus on individual technologies and have strategies that are decidedly operational in focus. Digital strategies in the most mature organizations are developed with an eye on transforming the business.
  • 2. The Strategy Behind Digital Transformation • MIT Sloan Management report: Strategy, not Technology, drives digital transformation • Executive Summary: • Maturing digital organizations build skills to realize the strategy. Digitally maturing organizations are 4x more likely to provide employees with needed skills than are organizations at lower ends of the spectrum. The ability to conceptualize how digital technologies can impact the business is a skill lacking in many companies at the early stages of digital maturity. • Employees want to work for digital leaders. Across age groups from 22 to 60, the vast majority of respondents want to work for digitally enabled organizations. Employees will be on the lookout for the best digital opportunities, and businesses will have to continually up their digital game to retain and attract them.
  • 3. The Strategy Behind Digital Transformation • MIT Sloan Management report: Strategy, not Technology, drives digital transformation • Executive Summary: • Taking risks becomes a cultural norm. Digitally maturing organizations are more comfortable taking risks than their less digitally mature peers. To make their organizations less risk averse, business leaders have to embrace failure as a prerequisite for success. They must also address the likelihood that employees may be just as risk averse as their managers and will need support to become bolder. • The digital agenda is led from the top. Maturing organizations are nearly twice as likely as less digitally mature entities to have a single person or group leading the effort. In addition, employees in digitally maturing organizations are highly confident in their leaders’ digital fluency. Digital fluency, however, doesn’t demand mastery of the technologies. Instead, it requires the ability to articulate the value of digital technologies to the organization’s future.
  • 4. Charting Digital Transformation Early Developing Maturing Barriers Lack of Strategy Managing Distractions Security Focus Strategy Customer/Productivity Growing Vision Transformative Vision Focused Culture Siloed Integrating Integrated/Innovative Talent Dev Tepid Interest Investing Committed Leadership Lacking Skills Learning Sophisticated
  • 5. Charting Digital Transformation Early Developing Maturing Barriers Lack of Strategy Managing Distractions Security Focus Strategy Customer/Productivity Growing Vision Transformative Vision Focused Culture Siloed Integrating Integrated/Innovative Talent Dev Tepid Interest Investing Committed Leadership Lacking Skills Learning Sophisticated