Template:Infobox scientist
外观
Infobox scientist | |
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科学生涯 |
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![]() | 本個人信息框模板的設計與內容,應符合維基百科的可供查證、信息框模板設計手冊與傳記格式手冊。對於生者,則會有更嚴謹的規範。縱然此文件可能會澄清使用於此信息框模板的特定應用細節,但主要的重點是在解釋用法,而不是維基百科的政策與格式。 |
![]() | 本模板是以 {{Infobox person}} 為基礎的定制信息框。 |
科学家信息框可以用來總結關於一位科學家、軍醫、工程師、數學家或(科學)學者的個人資訊。
用法
{{{honorific_prefix}}} {{{name}}} {{{honorific_suffix}}} | |
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{{{native_name}}} | |
[[File:{{{image}}}|{{{image_size}}}|alt={{{alt}}}|upright={{{image_upright}}}|{{{alt}}}]] {{{caption}}} | |
出生 | {{{birth_name}}} {{{birth_date}}} {{{birth_place}}} |
失踪 | {{{disappeared_date}}} {{{disappeared_place}}} |
失踪情况 | {{{disappeared_status}}} |
逝世 | {{{death_date}}} {{{death_place}}} |
死因 | {{{death_cause}}} |
墓地 | {{{resting_place}}} {{{resting_place_coordinates}}} |
居住地 | {{{residence}}} |
国籍 | {{{nationality}}} |
永久居留权 | {{{permanent_residency}}} |
别名 | {{{other_names}}} |
公民权 | {{{citizenship}}} |
教育程度 | {{{education}}} |
母校 | {{{alma_mater}}} |
知名于 | {{{known_for}}} |
配偶 | {{{spouse}}} or {{{spouses}}} |
伴侣 | {{{partner}}} or {{{partners}}} |
儿女 | {{{children}}} |
奖项 | {{{awards}}} |
网站 | {{{website}}} |
科学生涯 | |
研究领域 | {{{fields}}} |
机构 | {{{workplaces}}} |
赞助 | {{{patrons}}} |
论文 | [ thesis_title ] (year) or [ thesis_title1 ] (year1) [ thesis_title2 ] (year2) |
博士導師 | {{{doctoral_advisor}}} |
其他指导者 | {{{academic_advisors}}} |
博士生 | {{{doctoral_students}}} |
其他著名學生 | {{{notable_students}}} |
受影响自 | {{{influences}}} |
施影响于 | {{{influenced}}} |
植物命名人缩写 | {{{author_abbrev_bot}}} |
动物命名人缩写 | {{{author_abbrev_zoo}}} |
签名 | |
[[File:{{{signature}}}|150px|alt={{{signature_alt}}}|{{{signature_alt}}}]] | |
备注 | |
{{{footnotes}}} |
空白模板
以下所示的模板可以藉由複製貼上增加到條目內。模板參數可以使用繁體中文、簡體中文和英文三種語言。
{{Infobox scientist | honorific_prefix = | name = | honorific_suffix = | native_name = | native_name_lang = | image = <!--(filename only, i.e. without "File:" prefix)--> | image_size = | image_upright = | alt = | caption = | birth_date = <!-YYYY|MM|DD}-> | birth_place = | death_date = <!--{{death date and age |YYYY|MM|DD |YYYY|MM|DD}} (death date then birth date)--> | death_place = | death_cause = | disappeared_date = <{{disappeared date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}}(disappear date then birth date) --> | disappeared_place = | disappeared_status= | resting_place = | resting_place_coordinates = <!-LAT|LONG|type:landmark|display=inline,title}-> | other_names = | pronounce = | residence = | citizenship = | nationality = | party = | permanent_residency = | fields = | workplaces = | patrons = | education = | alma_mater = | thesis_title = <!--(or | thesis1_title = and | thesis2_title = )--> | thesis_url = <!--(or | thesis1_url = and | thesis2_url = )--> | thesis_year = <!--(or | thesis1_year = and | thesis2_year = )--> | doctoral_advisor = <!--(or | doctoral_advisors = )--> | academic_advisors = | doctoral_students = | notable_students = | known_for = | influences = | influenced = | awards = | author_abbrev_bot = | author_abbrev_zoo = | spouse = <!--(or | spouses = )--> | partner = <!--(or | partners = )--> | children = | signature = <!--(filename only)--> | signature_alt = | website = <!-www.example.com}-> | footnotes = }}
|
{{Infobox scientist | 前缀尊称 = | 姓名 = | 后缀尊称 = | 图片 = | 图像尺寸 = | 图片说明 = | 原文名 = | 本名 = | 出生日期 = <!-- {{birth date and age|YYYY|MM|DD}}或{{birth date|YYYY|MM|DD}} --> | 出生地点 = | 逝世日期 = <!-- {{death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} --> | 逝世地点 = | 失踪日期 = <!-- {{disappeared date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}}(失踪在前,出生在后) --> | 失踪地点 = | 失踪情况 = | 居住地 = | 死因 = | 墓地 = <!-- {{coord|LAT|LONG|type:landmark|display=inline}} --> | 国籍 = | 政党 = | 别名 = | 教育程度 = | 母校 = | 研究领域 = | 机构 = | 赞助 = | 知名于 = | 论文 = | 论文网址 = | 论文日期 = | 博士导师 = | 学术导师 = | 博士生 = | 其他著名学生 = | 配偶 = <!-- {{Marriage|姓名|结婚年|离婚年}} --> | 伴侣 = | 子女 = | 受影响于 = | 影响于 = | 奖项 = <!-- {{Awards|award=|year=|title=}} --> | 官方网站 = <!-- {{URL|}} --> | 签名 = | 脚注 = }}
|
{{Infobox scientist | 前綴尊稱 = | 姓名 = | 後綴尊稱 = | 圖片 = | 圖片尺寸 = | 圖片說明 = | 原文名 = | 本名 = | 出生日期 = <!-- {{birth date and age|YYYY|MM|DD}}或{{birth date|YYYY|MM|DD}} --> | 出生地點 = | 逝世日期 = <!-- {{death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} --> | 逝世地點 = | 失踪日期 = <!-- {{disappeared date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}}(失踪在前,出生在后) --> | 失踪地点 = | 失踪情况 = | 居住地 = | 死因 = | 墓地 = <!-- {{coord|LAT|LONG|type:landmark|display=inline}} --> | 國籍 = | 政黨 = | 別名 = | 教育程度 = | 母校 = | 研究領域 = | 機構 = | 贊助 = | 知名於 = | 論文 = | 論文網址 = | 論文日期 = | 博士導師 = | 學術導師 = | 博士生 = | 其他著名學生 = | 配偶 = <!-- {{Marriage|姓名|結婚年|離婚年}} --> | 伴侶 = | 子女 = | 受影響於 = | 影響於 = | 獎項 = <!-- {{Awards|award=|year=|title=}} --> | 官方網站 = <!-- {{URL|}} --> | 簽名 = | 腳註 = }} |
參數
所有參數為選填。(如果不填 name
,預設使用條目名稱。)
參數 | 說明 |
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name | 輸入科學家、數學家、或工程師的名字。注意:不要加入圖標或其他圖片 |
native_name | The person's name in their own language, if different |
native_name_lang | ISO 639-2 code e.g. "fre" or "fra" for French – If more than one, use {{lang}} in native_name= instead.
|
image | 合適圖片的檔案名 |
image_size imagesize |
圖片寬度 (預設 225x250px). |
alt | 圖片替代文字,用來方便視障讀者. 參見 WP:ALT. |
caption | 圖片說明。如果可以的話,包含圖片拍攝日期與(或)攝影者 |
birth_name | Birth name – Use only if different from name in header. |
birth_date | 出生日期 |
birth_place | 出生地點 (e.g. town/city, region, country). |
death_date | 逝世日期 |
death_place | 逝世地点 (比如城镇、区域或国家等) |
disappeared_date | 用于失踪人物的失踪日期。使用{{disappeared date and age}}(生日明确)或者“YYYY年MM月DD日”(生日未知)。 |
disappeared_place | 用于失踪人物的失踪地点。格式同出生地点。 |
disappeared_status | 用于失踪人物的失踪情况。例如失踪人物已失踪的时间(使用{{missing for}})或者失踪人物已经被宣布推定死亡。 |
resting_place | 安息地或骨灰存放处等 |
resting_place_coordinates | 安息地或骨灰存放处等地的坐标 – 使用{{coord}} 模板 |
other_names | 曾用名或者昵称 – 使用{{Plainlist}}分隔多个值 |
residence | 科學家居住的地方 (for significant periods). |
citizenship | 科學家的公民權 |
nationality | 如果國籍與上列的公民權不同的話,使用此欄 |
party | 科學家所參與的政黨 |
fields | 科學家主要的職業領域 (physics, chemistry, biology, mathematics, engineering, &c) 不是職業 (physicist...engineer) |
workplaces | 重要的工作地點、大學、公司等等 |
patrons | People who subsidized the scientist's education and/or research |
education | Education, e.g. degree, institution and graduation year, if relevant. If very little information is available or relevant, the |alma_mater= parameter may be more appropriate.
|
alma_mater | 科學家獲得學位的大學 |
thesis_title | 科学家毕业论文的标题 |
thesis_url | 毕业论文的URL地址 |
thesis_year | 毕业论文发表的年份 |
doctoral_advisor | 如果可行的話,寫入科學家的博士學位指導教授的名子 |
academic_advisors | 他重要的指導學者的名子(不同於博士學位指導教授) |
doctoral_students | Names of any notable doctoral students advised by the scientist |
notable_students | Names of any notable non-doctoral students advised by the scientist |
known_for | 科學家著名的研究主題與領域 |
author_abbrev_bot | If a scientist is the author of a botanical species, insert their botanical author abbreviation here. |
author_abbrev_zoo | If a scientist is the author of a zoological species, insert their zoological author abbreviation here. |
influences | 任何對此科學家影響深遠的著名人士 |
influenced | 任何被此科學家深深影響的著名人士 |
awards | 此科學家獲得的著名獎項 |
signature | 科学家签名的文件名或图片(如果有的话) |
signature_alt | 签名的替代文本 |
website | 官方网站 |
footnotes | For any footnotes needed to clarify entries above |
spouse | 科學家的配偶或配偶們 (包含婚姻的時間範圍) |
parents | 科学家的父母 |
children | 科学家的子女(如果其子女为知名人士则填入) |
Guidelines
Note: "Lists" in the following are usually suitable for presentation using {{ublist}} (unbulleted list, one item per line) or {{hlist}} (horizontal list, item by item with linewrap).
- name
- This is the name that scientist was usually known by. Do not put the full expanded name here.
- image
- This is the portrait or photo of the scientist. If there is a choice between good images, chose the one from a period where the scientist's work flourished. Avoid photos where the scientist was a child or very elderly, unless there is nothing else available.
- image_size
- This should normally be left at the default image size which will let users change the size to their own preference.
- alt
- This should describe only the visual appearance of the image, for visually-impaired readers. It should not repeat the caption. See WP:ALT.
- caption
- The caption should contain the full expanded name of the scientist, year or birth and death, if available, and any relevant details about the photo or portrait.
- birth_name
- Birth name of scientist. Use only if different from name in header. This parameter will be displayed in the "born" field, before birth date and birthplace.
- birth_date
- Birth date of scientist. Use the full formatting that computes the scientist's age.
- birth_place
- Birthplace of scientist. Put town/city followed by country.
- death_date
- Death date of scientist. Use the full formatting that computes the scientists age.
- death_place
- Death place of scientist. Put town/city followed by country. Note: this is the place where the person died, which might be different from burial place.
- resting_place
- Where the scientist was buried, or their ashes scattered
- resting_place_coordinates
- WGS84 coordinates for
|resting_place
. Only use if known precisely (i.e. do not give generic coordinates for the cemetery). Use {{Coord}}. - residence
- List countries only. Put a line break after each one. These are places where the scientist lived for significant periods. The intention is that these are countries of domicile. Do not include countries where the scientist temporarily resided for brief collaboration or study leave.
- citizenship
- List countries only. Put a line break after each one. This is the scientist's citizenship, which often can be different from country of domicile or residency.
- nationality
- List country only. Only insert this if it is different from citizenship.
- fields
- List the scientist's principal field or fields of work as described in the article, e.g. Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Physiology, Molecular biology, Electronic engineering etc. Avoid using occupations, e.g. Physicist, Zoologist, Surgeon, Inventor.
- workplaces
- List the key work places, universities, companies, organizations etc. that the scientist worked at. The intention is to not list minor places that the scientist performed collaborative visits at. The intention is to list places where the scientist was officially appointed with a payroll (i.e. don't list places that represent adjunct appointments).
- patrons
- List notable benefactors who financially supported the scientist's education and/or research.
- alma_mater
- List the universities where the scientist obtained all his/her degrees from. In anomalous cases where a degree was carried out remotely or in a different university to the university that administered the degree, insert the administering university. The main article can then discuss the specific situation.
- thesis_title
- (or thesis1_title and thesis2_title) If the scientist obtained a doctorate or doctorates, insert the thesis/theses titles, otherwise leave blank.
- thesis_url
- (or thesis1_url and thesis2_url) A link or links to e.g. abstract/s of the scientist's thesis/theses at a university library, or their homepage, etc.
- thesis_year
- (or thesis1_year and thesis2_year) The year/s in which the scientist's thesis/theses were published.
- doctoral_advisor
- (or doctoral_advisors) If the scientist obtained a doctorate, insert their doctoral advisor or advisors, otherwise leave blank.
- academic_advisors
- Insert names of significant academic teachers other than the doctoral advisor: e.g. Master's advisor, postdoctoral supervisor, significant undergraduate mentor/teacher etc. In Cambridge, before 1919, there was no doctorate and so you can insert the relevant Cambridge tutor.
- doctoral_students
- Insert names of doctoral students supervised by the scientist. If a student does not have a wiki article, then comment the name out. It can be reinstated once such an article appears. The idea is to list only those students who are significant enough to warrant their own article.
- notable_students
- Insert names of any notable non-doctoral students taught or supervised by the scientist. These can be undergraduates, postdocs, masters students etc. If a student does not have a wiki article, then comment the name out.
- known_for
- Insert the key topics/areas for which the scientist is notable, e.g. "discovering the electron". In the case of prolific scientists, preferably list the discoveries named after the scientist, e.g. "Maxwell's equations". In the case where a scientist is so prolific that a whole wiki article listing the discoveries exists, insert a link to that page under the label (in italics) "see list" (i.e. ''[[(link)|see list]]'').
- author_abbrev_bot
- If a scientist is the author of a botanical species, insert their botanical author abbreviation here. Otherwise leave blank.
- author_abbrev_zoo
- If a scientist is the author of a zoological species, insert their zoological author abbreviation here. Otherwise leave blank.
- spouse
- (or spouses) Name/s of / link/s to the scientist's spouse/s.
- partner
- (or partners) Name/s of / link/s to the scientist's partner/s.
- influences
- List names of any notable people who influenced the scientist significantly. Influences should be restricted to a small number, i.e. two or three, where the scientist was clearly and directly building on the work of a predecessor (for example, the scientist may have identified a predecessor as providing the foundation for one of their major achievements). Unless the scientist was clearly building on an earlier work, avoid adding influences that were only via study, as such influences are generally too many and hard to separate. Only list influences who are notable enough to warrant their own wiki article.
- influenced
- List names of any notable people who were significantly influenced by the scientist. Influenced should be restricted to a small number (perhaps two or three), where the scientist clearly and directly provided the foundation for work by a later thinker. For example, the scientist may be named by the later thinker as providing the basis for one of their major works. Unless the later thinker was clearly building on the scientist's work, avoid adding names that were only influenced by study of the scientist, as such influences are generally too many and hard to separate. Only list influenced people who are notable enough to warrant their own wiki article.
- awards
- List major awards. Put year of award in brackets after name of award. Insert a line break after each award. Avoid awards that are not significant enough to withstand their own wiki article description.
- signature
- Filename of an image of the scientist's handwritten signature (if available).
- signature_alt
- Alt text for the signature. Typically this is just the text of the signature (e.g. "Is. Newton" for File:Isaac Newton signature.svg).
- website
- Official website only. Unofficial websites should be placed under ==External links== in the body of the article. Use {{URL}} as {{URL|www.example.com}}.
- footnotes
- For any footnotes needed to clarify entries above. This section is also often used to add extra notable items, typically, if the scientist is a relative of another person with a wiki article.
- Common errors to avoid
-
- Always copy and paste the infobox template from here, not another article, in order to guarantee the full correct version.
- If a field does not apply, leave it blank. Do not delete it. This is because is acts as a place-holder and future editors may find a field applies after all. You may put a comment in the blank field that it is not applicable if you are sure of this.
例子
Paul Dirac | |
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![]() | |
出生 | Bristol, England | 1902年8月8日
逝世 | 1984年10月20日 Tallahassee, Florida, USA | (82歲)
居住地 | |
国籍 | British |
母校 |
|
知名于 | Seminal contributions to quantum mechanics |
奖项 | 1933 Nobel Prize in Physics |
科学生涯 | |
研究领域 | Physics (theoretical) |
机构 | |
博士導師 | Ralph Fowler |
博士生 | |
{{Infobox scientist | name = Paul Dirac | image = Paul Dirac, 1933.jpg | alt = Head of man in his thirties with tousled hair sticking up and a small mustache | caption = <!--(not needed as image is straightforward portrait)--> | birth_date = {{birth date|1902|8|8|mf=y}} | birth_place = [[Bristol]], [[England]] | death_date = {{death date and age|1984|10|20|1902|8|8}} | death_place = [[Tallahassee]], [[Florida]], USA | residence = {{ublist |[[United Kingdom]] |[[United States]]}} | nationality = [[British nationality|British]] | fields = [[Physics]] ([[Theoretical physics|theoretical]]) | workplaces = {{ublist |[[University of Cambridge|Cambridge University]] |[[Florida State University]]}} | alma_mater = {{ublist |[[University of Bristol]] |Cambridge University}} | doctoral_advisor = [[Ralph Fowler]] | doctoral_students = {{ublist |[[Homi J. Bhabha|Homi Bhabha]] |[[Harish-Chandra|Harish Chandra Mehrotra]] |[[Denis Sciama|Dennis Sciama]] |[[Behram Kurşunoğlu]] |[[John Polkinghorne]] |[[Per-Olov Löwdin]]}} | known_for = {{longitem|Seminal contributions to [[quantum mechanics]]}} | awards = {{smaller|1933{{nbsp|2}}}}[[Nobel Prize in Physics]] }}
微格式
本模板使用了hCard 微格式標記,被標記的人物資料可以被電腦分析讀取,以便将其自動归類,或者透過專門的瀏覽器取得資料訊息,例如將訊息加入通訊錄。關於在維基百科使用微格式的詳細訊息,請參見微格式維基專題。
出生日期(bday)參數只能使用於包含了 {{bd}} 或 {{Birth date and age}} 模板的信息框。
- adr
- bday
- county-name
- fn(必須)
- honorific-prefix
- honorific-suffix
- label
- locality
- nickname
- note
- org
- role
- vcard
請不要移除或重新命名這些class。
追踪分类
上述文档嵌入自Template:Infobox scientist/doc。 (编辑 | 历史) 编者可以在本模板的沙盒 (编辑 | 差异)和测试样例 (编辑)页面进行实验。 请在/doc子页面中添加分类。本模板的子页面。 |