IMiyonzi
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Kumchazandalo, imiyonzi (noma amagu, okanye imisebe) ukuphafukiswa noma ukufufukiswa kwempekumpeku ngesimo samaza noma izinhlayiyana emkhathini noma ngensiza yomthako. Lokhu kuhlanganisa:
- IMiyonzi yeNzubawonga, efana namaza womsakazo, amachadaza, insibomvu, iSokhanya, amagu-X, kanye nemisebentathu (γ)
- IMiyonzi yezinhlayiyana, efana nemiyonzi ngqala (alpha radiation (α)), imiyonzi bhetha (beta radiation (β)), IMiyonzi yenelesi kanye nemiyonzi yentunge (izinhlayiyana ezilingana nempekumpeku ephumule)
- IMiyonzi yomyamuko, efana nomsindothule (ultrasound), umsindo, Kanye namaza womdlikizo (ancike ensizeni engokoqobo yokufufukisa)
- IMiyonzi yomnyondo, ethatha isimo samaza womnyondo, noma izingqimbana enkumbeleni yomkhathinkathi.
Imiyonzi ivame ukumunxaniswa njengehonyozekayo noma engahonyozeki kuncike esidlakathini sezinhlayiyana eziyonzwayo. Imiyonzi eyonzwayo ithwala okungaphezu kwe-10 lwama-eV, okuyisbalo esanele ukuhonyoza amachwe namachembe nokuphula izibhonqi zevanga. Lokhu kungumehluko obalulekile ngenxa yomehluko omkhulu yokuba ingozi eziphilini eziphilayo. Umthombo ovamile wemiyonzi ehonyozayo izithako eziyonzayo eziphafuka imiyonzi α, β, or γ, equkethe indeni yehwelanga, izinzuba, positron, nezinelesi.