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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1061.v1

Enhancing Reliability in Wind Turbine Power Curve Estimation

Pere Marti-Puig, José Ángel Hernández, Jordi Solé-Casals, Moisès Serra-Serra

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: Wind Power Curve Modeling; Artificial neural networks (ANN); Wind Turbine (WT); SCADA Data.; Industrial AI

Online: 19 February 2024 (12:24:46 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1528.v1

Assessing Nitrogen Fertilization in Processing Pepper: Critical Nitrogen Curve, and Crop Yield Response

Jose Maria Vadillo, Carlos Campillo, Valme Gonzalez, Henar Prieto

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Horticulture Keywords: horticulture; open field; vegetative development; fruit production

Online: 20 September 2024 (03:13:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201910.0213.v1

Quasi Cubic Trigonometric Curve and Surface

Guicang Zhang, Kai Wang

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computational Mathematics Keywords: Quasi Extended Chebyshev space; optimal normalized totally positive basis; high-order continuity; shape preserving; shape features

Online: 18 October 2019 (11:33:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201801.0090.v1

Clustering and Curve Fitting by Line Segments

Hrishikesh D. Vinod, Fred Viole

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Econometrics And Statistics Keywords: clustering; curve fitting; nonparametric regression; smoothing data; polynomial approximation

Online: 10 January 2018 (09:48:23 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0619.v3

Predicting Wealth using Intelligent Quotient, Emotional Awareness, and Culture

Azad Kabir, Raeed Kabir

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Finance Keywords: Wealth curve; Intelligence quotient (IQ); Emotional Intelligence (EI); Emotional Awareness (EA)

Online: 23 April 2023 (06:05:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201804.0269.v1

Wind Turbine Power Curve Upgrades

Davide Astolfi, Francesco Castellani, Ludovico Terzi

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: wind energy; wind turbines; SCADA; retrofitting; performance evaluation

Online: 20 April 2018 (14:11:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1524.v1

Global Dynamics of Environmental Kuznets Curve: A Cross-Correlation Analysis of Income and CO2 Emissions

Dora Almeida, Luísa Carvalho, Paulo Ferreira, Andreia Dionísio, Inzamam Ul Haq

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: Environmental Kuznets curve; CO2 emissions; Economic growth; Cross-correlation analysis; Income levels; Sustainable development

Online: 19 July 2024 (06:35:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1339.v1

Study on Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of Selected Antibacterials against Bacterial Isolates from Canine Pyometra

Avinash Chhetri, Madhav Paudel, Tulsi Ram Gompo, Sharada Thapaliya

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Veterinary Medicine Keywords: Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC); Canine Pyometra; Antibiotic Sensitivity; Potency; Susceptibility; Bacterial Isolates; Agar Dilution Method; Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR)

Online: 19 August 2024 (12:12:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201609.0072.v1

Electrolyte Additive Concentration for Maximum Energy Storage in Lead-Acid Batteries

A. Paglietti

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Electrochemistry Keywords: Pb-acid batteries, electrolyte additives, battery energy capacity, electrolyte additive concentration

Online: 20 September 2016 (15:39:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0043.v2

Biomineralization of Carbonate Minerals Induced by the Halophilic Chromohalobacter israelensis under High Salt Concentrations: Implications for Natural Environments

Zuozhen Han, Dan Li, Hui Zhao, Huaxiao Yan, Peiyuan Li

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geochemistry And Petrology Keywords: biomineralization; halophilic bacteria; precipitation; carbonate minerals; Mg/Ca ratios; nucleation sites

Online: 26 April 2017 (12:15:58 CEST)

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The mechanism underlying microbiologically induced carbonate precipitation have not been thoroughly characterized, although numerous scholars and experts have specifically investigated questions regarding minerals induced by bacteria. The study of the precipitation of carbonate minerals induced by halophilic bacteria has aroused wide concern. The present study aimed to investigate the characterization and process of biomineralization in high salt systems by a halophilic bacterium, Chromohalobacter israelensis strain LD532 (GenBank: KX766026), which was isolated from the Yinjiashan Saltern in China. Carbonate minerals induced by LD532 were investigated in several sets of comparative experiments that employed magnesium sulfate and magnesium chloride as Mg resources. Magnesium calcite and aragonite were induced by LD532 bacteria, whereas these minerals did not appear in the control group. The mineral phases, micromorphologies, and crystal structures were analysed using X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray detection. The carbonic anhydrase and urease secreted by strain LD532 through metabolism increased the pH value of the liquid medium and promoted the process of carbonate precipitation. Further study using high resolution transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray detection and analysis of ultrathin slices showed that the nucleation sites of carbonate minerals were located on extracellular polymeric substances and the membranes of intracellular vesicles of LD532 bacteria, which provided favourable conditions for the growth of carbonate mineral crystals. The morphologies and compositions of minerals formed in solutions of MgSO₄ and MgCl₂ display significant differences, indicating that different sources of Mg²⁺ may also affect the physiological and biochemical activities of microorganisms and thus mineral deposition. This study will be of some interest for the interpretation of carbonate biomineralization in natural salt environments and has some value as a reference in understanding sedimentary carbonates in ancient marine environments, such as tidal flats.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0955.v5

Decaying Turbulence as a Fractal Curve

Alexander Migdal

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Analysis Keywords: Turbulence; Fractal; Anomalous dissipation; Fixed point; Velocity circulation; Loop Equations

Online: 6 July 2023 (10:17:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201609.0082.v1

Analysis of Inflection and Singular Points on Parametric Curve with a Shape Factor

Zhi Liu, Chen Li, Jieqing Tan, Xiaoyan Chen

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computational Mathematics Keywords: shape factor; singular points; inflection points; local convexity; global convexity

Online: 23 September 2016 (08:04:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0042.v1

Optimizing Ammonia Concentration in Poultry Houses through Random Forest Prediction and LoRa-WAN Monitoring & Controlling System

Harveer Singh, Ashok Kumar Kajla

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Machine Learning; Random Forest; LoRa (Long range); Internet of Things; Smart Poultry Farm; Ammonia gas Optimization

Online: 2 September 2024 (11:37:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2596.v1

Variable Concentration of Ferritin in Meconium in Relation to the Iron Regulatory Proteins and Newborn Body Size

Ewa Skarżyńska, Artur Jakimiuk, Tadeusz Issat, Barbara Lisowska-Myjak

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Other Keywords: calprotectin; ceruloplasmin; ferritin; fetus; haptoglobin; iron; lactoferrin; meconium; NGAL; transferrin

Online: 2 August 2024 (11:40:58 CEST)

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Ferritin is an indirect marker for total body iron stores. Comparison of the ferritin concentrations in the meconium with the concentrations of proteins regulating iron metabolism could aid better understanding of principles behind the adjustment between the fetal iron pool and newborn body size. Ferritin, transferrin, haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin, lactoferrin, myeloperoxidase, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and calprotectin concentrations were measured by ELISA in meconium samples from 122 neonates. The neonates were classified according to the meconium ferritin tertiles and the values were collated with the meconium concentrations of other proteins and newborn body weight and length measurements. Increasing ferritin concentrations in meconium in consecutive tertiles (p < 0.05) were parallel to increased NGAL concentrations (p < 0.05). The interrelationships between the meconium concentrations of transferrin, haptoglobin and NGAL as well as between myeloperoxidase, calprotectin and lactoferrin are maintained in all subsequent tertiles of ferritin concentrations, (p < 0.05). In contrast to ferritin, increasing meconium NGAL concentrations in consecutive tertiles were linked to increased concentrations of transferrin, haptoglobin, lactoferrin and myeloperoxidase (p < 0.05) and of calprotectin, ferritin and ceruloplasmin (p < 0.1). Meconium ceruloplasmin concentrations correlate exclusively with neutrophil granule proteins, i.e. myeloperoxidase, NGAL, lactoferrin and calprotectin (p < 0.05). Meconium ferritin concentrations negatively correlates with birth weight (r= -0.20) and length (r= -0.31) of neonates, whereas NGAL concentrations just with birth length (r= -0.26). The remaining proteins did not show such relationships with the size of the newborn. High meconium concentrations of both ferritin and NGAL may specifically characterize neonates of smaller size. High meconium concentrations of both ferritin and NGAL may specifically characterize neonates with lower body measurements. Correlations between meconium transferrin, haptoglobin and NGAL may confirm the interrelationships of these proteins for proper iron control and transport in the intrauterine environment. Meconium ceruloplasmin concentrations may reflect the control of neutrophil activity in utero.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0144.v1

Statistical Study on Crash Frequency Model Using GNB Models of Freeway Sharp Horizontal Curve Based on Interactive Influence of 3 Explanatory Variables

Yanjie Zeng, Xiaofei Wang, Lineng Liu, Xinwei Li, Caifeng Jiang

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: freeway; crash prediction model (CPM); sharp horizontal curve segment (SHCS); interactive influence among three explanatory variables; generalized negative binomial (GNB)

Online: 15 August 2016 (09:47:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1251.v1

Improved Curve–Flattening for Flexible Space Robotics

Wenxin Li, Timothy Sands

Subject: Engineering, Aerospace Engineering Keywords: robotics; flexible; control; structural filter; space robotics

Online: 30 April 2023 (03:39:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0435.v1

Flattening the Curve of Flexible Space Robotics

Timothy Sands

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: robotics; monitoring; repair; replace; infrastructure; space robotics; flexible; structural-controls interaction; trajectory shaping

Online: 28 January 2022 (12:12:26 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201704.0176.v1

Bézier Curve Modeling for Neutrosophic Data Problem

Ferhat Taş, Selçuk Topal

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Mathematics Keywords: neutrosophic sets; neutrosophic logic; bézier curve

Online: 27 April 2017 (02:54:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0234.v1

Simulation Analysis of Capacitance Method in Two-Phase Flow Concentration Measurement by Coupled Fields

Xiaoxin Wang, Hongli Hu, Lin Li, Bo Wang

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle And Field Physics Keywords: 3-D fluid-electrostatic coupling field; electrical sensor performance; concentration measurement; gas/solid two-phase flow

Online: 31 August 2016 (09:03:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0806.v1

The Impact of Forest Quality on Carbon Emission: A Study of China based on Environmental Kuznets Curve

Yuwen Zhang, Xiaolan Wu, Shengyuan Wang

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Forest quality; Environmental Kuznets Curve; Symbiotic System; Emission Reduction Pathway

Online: 10 September 2024 (11:13:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0497.v1

Evaluation of Mis-Selection of Boundary Vertebrae and Its Effect on Measuring Cobb Angle and Curve Length in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

José Hurtado-Avilés, Vicente J. León-Muñoz, Fernando Santonja-Medina, Paolo Raimondi, Francisco Martínez-Martínez

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; Cobb angle; measurement errors; radiographic Assessment; spine curvature

Online: 7 June 2024 (15:16:27 CEST)

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The Cobb angle is critical in assessing adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients. This study aimed to evaluate the error in selecting the cranial and caudal limit vertebrae on AIS digital X-rays of experienced and novice observers and its correlation with the error in measuring the Cobb angle and determining the length of the scoliotic curves. Using the TraumaMeter v.873 software, eight raters (four experienced and four novices) independently evaluated 68 scoliotic curves on 42 AIS X-rays across three sessions one month apart according to Hopkins’ criteria of absolute reliability. Two spine specialist experts using the Cobb method established the gold standard measurements. The percentage of error in the selection of the cranial vertebrae (the most-tilted vertebra above the apex) is higher than in the caudal vertebrae (the most-tilted vertebrae below the apex) (44.7%, CI95% 41.05-48.3 compared to 35%, CI95% 29.7-40.4). The error in the choice of the most tilted vertebrae, in number of vertebrae per scoliotic curve, was MBE (mean bias error) =0.45, CI95% 0.38-0.52 in the cranial and MBE=0.35, CI% 0.69-0.91 in the caudal. The percentage of errors in the choice of boundary vertebrae is lower for the experienced than for the novices, both in cranial and caudal. The experienced chose at least one boundary vertebrae incorrectly in 52% of the meas-urements and the novices in 65.1%. The error in the Cobb angle did not depend on the number of boundary vertebrae chosen incorrectly (r=0.198, p=0.111). Of the 50% of Cobb angle measurements closest to the actual value, 55.4% (454) were obtained by incorrectly selecting at least one boundary vertebra. There was a positive correlation (r=0.673, p=0.000) between the error in selecting the boundary vertebrae and the error in determining the length of the scoliotic curves. The error in quantifying the length of scoliotic curves was MBE=0.43, CI95% 0.35-0.51 vertebrae per curve. We can conclude that errors in selecting boundary vertebrae are common among experienced and novice observers, with a greater frequency of error in the cranial vertebrae. There is no correlation between the error in selecting the boundary vertebrae and the error in measuring the Cobb angle. Contrary to the consensus, the accuracy of determining the length of the scoliotic curve is limited by the Cobb method’s reliance on the correct selection of boundary vertebrae. Inappropriate choice of boundary vertebrae leads to an estimated error in determining the length of the scoliotic curves of 0.805 vertebrae for each boundary vertebra chosen incorrectly.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0504.v1

Assessment of a Low-cost Portable Device for the Gas Concentration Monitoring in Livestock Housing

Provvidenza Rita D’Urso, Claudia Arcidiacono, And Giovanni Cascone

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Pollution Keywords: low-cost sensors; portable device; environmental monitoring; gas concentrations; dairy barn; photoacoustic infrared spectroscope

Online: 28 November 2022 (08:28:49 CET)

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The increasing regulatory pressure to monitor and reduce GHG emissions and air pollutants requires cost-effective methods for their surveillance. The most common technique used for scientific investigations on gas concentration monitoring in barns are accurate but expensive and with a complex maintenance. This research study analysed the potential use of a low-cost portable measurement devices for the measurement of ammonia (NH3) and carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations in an open dairy barn. A comparison between gas concentrations acquired at different heights from the floor by using portable devices and those acquired by a photoacoustic infrared multigas spectroscope (i.e., reference measurement) in the same sampling locations was carried out to determine the precision of the low-cost portable devices. The performance of low-cost portable devices was statistically analysed by the application of the one-way analysis of variance, correlation analysis and regression analysis. The results showed a significant difference between gas concentration values at various heights from the floor for both NH3 and CO2. The correlations between concentrations acquired by the low-cost portable device and the INNOVA were statistically significant (r=0.83; P<0.001) for gas concentrations monitored at 0.4 m from the floor. Compared with the reference measurement device, the low-cost devices were effective in the monitoring of NH3 concentrations at 0.40 m from the floor though it underestimated them in the barn at increasing of the height from the floor, whereas the device was not adequate for CO2 concentrations. In detail, the relative measurement error of the low-cost devices compared to INNOVA was reduced close to the floor during NH3 concentration measurements. Within these limitations, this device could be useful for monitoring NH3 concentration in the barn and to assess variation in NH3 concentrations mainly related to the animal occupied zone. Further efforts are needed in this field of research to identify low-cost device that could simplify emission estimation from open dairy barns.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0425.v1

Determination of Rhythmicity and Gestational Stage-Related Distribution of Blood Plasma Melatonin Concentration in Donkey Mares

Levente Harmat, János Nagy, Bence Somoskői, Alán Alpár, Sándor György Fekete, András Gáspárdy

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: circannual and circadian rhythm; gestation age; domestic donkey

Online: 7 June 2024 (11:30:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1116.v1

Characterization of Biofilm Formation by Staphylococcus aureus Depending on NaCl Concentration

Yusuke Iwabuchi, Hitoyuki Kato, Masanori Saito, Hidenobu Senpuku

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: biofilm; membrane vesicle; S. mutans; NaCl; S. aureus

Online: 14 September 2024 (08:44:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201607.0051.v1

Search for QPOs in the Light Curve of the Blazar OJ287: Preliminary Results from 2015/16 Observing Campaign

S. Zola, M. Valtonen, G. Bhatta, A. Goyal, B. Debski, A. Baran, J. Krzesinski, M. Siwak, S. Ciprini, A. Gopakumar, H. Jermak, K. Nilsson, D. Reichart, K. Matsumoto, K. Sadakane, K. Gazeas, M. Kidger, V. Piirola, F. Alicavus, K.S. Baliyan, A. Berdyugin, D. Boyd, M. Campas Torrent, F. Campos, J. Carrillo Gomez, D.B. Caton, V. Chavushyan, J. Dalessio, D. Dimitrov, M. Drozdz, A. Erdem, A. Escartin Perez, V. Fallah Ramazani, A.V. Filippenko, F. Garcia, F. Gomez Pinilla, M. Gopinathan, J.B. Haislip, J. Harmanen, G. Hurst, K.M. Ivarsen, M. Jelinek, A. Joshi, M. Kagitani, N. Kaur, N. Karaman, W.C. Keel, A.P. LaCluyze, B.C. Lee, E. Lindfors, J. Lozano De Haro, J.P. Moore, R. Naves Nogues, A.W. Neely, R.H. Nelson, W. Ogloza, S. Okano, J.C. Pandey, M. Perri, P. Pihajoki, G. Poyner, J. Provencal, T. Pursimo, A. Raj, R. Reinthal, S. Sadegi, T. Sakanoi, J.-L. Salto Gonzales, T. Schweyer, F.C. Soldan Alfaro, E. Sonbas, I. Steele, J.T. Stocke, J. Strobl, L.O. Takalo, T. Tomov, L. Tremosa Espasa, J.R. Valdes, J. Valero Perez, F. Verrecchia, J.R. Webb, M. Yoneda, M. Zejmo, W. Zheng, J. Telting, J. Saario, T. Reynolds, A. Kvammen, E. Gafton, R. Karjalainen, P. Blay

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: galaxies: active; BL Lacertae objects: individual (OJ 287); super massive black holes

Online: 18 July 2016 (10:46:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1558.v1

Anisotropic Filtering Based on WY Distribution and Multi-scale Energy Concentration Accumulation Method for Dim and Small Target Enhancement

Yang Wang, Nian Pan, Ping Jiang

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Signal Processing Keywords: WY distribution function; Anisotropic filtering; Energy concentrated accumulation; Target enhancement

Online: 23 May 2024 (16:52:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0387.v1

Coastal Sea Ice Concentration Derived from Marine Radar Images: A Case Study from Utqiaġvik, Alaska

Félix St-Denis, Bruno Louis Tremblay, Andrew R. Mahoney, Pacifica Askitrea Leona Mai Takata-Glushkoff

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: Coastal Radar; Sea Ice Concentration; Remote sensing; Utqiaġvik; Arctic

Online: 6 August 2024 (06:20:52 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Flattening COVID-19 Curve in Egypt: An Epidemiological Modelling

Ali Hasab

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: COVID-19; Egypt; Epidemic SIR Model; Pandemic; Flattening the curve

Online: 14 May 2020 (15:12:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201805.0326.v1

Curve Path Detection in Autonomous Vehicle using Deep Learning

Balasriram Kodi, Manimozhi M

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: autonomous vehicles, lane detection, curve path detection, convolutional neural networks, deep learning

Online: 24 May 2018 (04:56:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201801.0061.v1

Curve Number Applications for Restoration the Zarqa River Basin

Maisa'a W. Shammout, Muhammad Shatanawi, Jim Nelson

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: water scarcity; watershed restoration; land use distribution; soil type; curve number; Zarqa River’s flow simulation; end-users

Online: 8 January 2018 (09:59:13 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0016.v1

Exploring the Efficiency of Magnetic Separation and Gravity Concentration for Valorizing Pb-Zn Smelter Slag in a Circular Economy Framework

Anja Terzić, Jovica Stojanović, Vladimir Jovanović, Dejan Čedomir Todorović, Miroslav Sokić, Dragan Bojović, Dragan Radulović

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: alternative mineral raw materials; metallurgy; microstructural analysis; critical resources; nonferrous metals; zero waste

Online: 1 July 2024 (11:35:16 CEST)

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The presented work offers a novel process scheme for valorizing historical Pb-Zn slag, which involves crushing, grinding, and then using separation techniques to concentrate valuable components (nonferrous metals). This methodology could have a significant impact on the global beneficiation of metallurgical slags since, in theory, it is significantly more simple, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective than standard pyrometallurgical or hydrometallurgical procedures. According to previous physicochemical and mineralogical studies, Pb-Zn slag from "Topilnica" Veles is a valuable secondary raw material. This inhomogeneous technogenic resource contains substantial amounts of nonferrous metals (Pb, Zn, Cu, and Ag). However, laboratory tests have indicated that the Pb-Zn slag contains a very uneven valuable metals amounts, ranging from several g/ton to several tens of g/ton. The main issue is that traditional metallurgical procedures for releasing beneficial elements are not commercially viable since the valuable elements are "trapped" within amorphous aluminosilicates or intergrowths of alloy grains and glassy phases. Gravity concentration (Wilfley 13 shaking table) and magnetic separation (Davis separator and disk separator) were used to obtain the final concentrate following comminution and grindability testing. The gravity concentration proved more effective. This streamlined approach of valorizing Pb-Zn slag can reduce the need for hazardous chemicals used in hydrometallurgical refinement operations, as well as the extremely high temperatures required for pyrometallurgical processing. This is the first investigation into the feasibility of this novel approach, which includes direct investigations of the Pb-Zn slag feed using these alternative technologies. After extracting the valuable metals, the amorphous aluminosilicate part of the Pb-Zn slag can be reapplied as an alternative raw material in the building sector, adding to the circularity of the suggested approach..

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0393.v1

Emissions and CO2 Concentration – an Evidence Based Approach

Joachim Dengler, John Reid

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: Carbon sinks; equilibrium concentration; emission pulse; peak emissions; Bern model; Net zero

Online: 23 February 2023 (02:10:57 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0993.v1

Follow-Up Period Affects the Association between Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentration and Incidence of Dementia, Alzheimer’s Disease, and Cognitive Impairment

William B. Grant

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; cognitive impairment; dementia; follow-up period; neurological conditions; risk; vitamin D deficiency

Online: 14 August 2024 (09:35:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0767.v1

Isometric Force-Time Curve Assessment: Accuracy, Precision and Repeatability of a Mobile Application and Portable and Lightweight Device—The DINABANG^®

Dario Santos, Alfredo Bravo-Sánchez, Leonardo Alexandre Peyré-Tartaruga, Franco Simini, Rodrigo Zacca

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy And Rehabilitation Keywords: exercise; health; physical fitness; rehabilitation; physical therapy; strength assessment; exercise physiology; sports biomechanics; digital technology

Online: 12 August 2024 (09:58:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0773.v1

A New Definition of Dual Spline Curves for Curve Modeling and Geometry Defeaturing

Baotao Chi, Shengmin Bai, Qianjian Guo, Yaoming Zhang, Wei Yuan, Can Li

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Geometry And Topology Keywords: Dual spline curves; Adaptive curve refinement; Curve modeling; Geometry defeaturing

Online: 12 July 2023 (05:50:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0487.v1

Modelling Buildings in CityGML LOD1: Building Parts, Terrain Intersection Curve and Address Features

Evgeny Shirinyan, Dessislava Petrova-Antonova

Subject: Engineering, Architecture, Building And Construction Keywords: 3D City Model; CityGML 2.0; Spatial Data Integration

Online: 30 December 2021 (12:51:35 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202210.0466.v1

R-Curve Behavior of Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane (POSS)–Epoxy Nanocomposites

Kunal Mishra, Raman Singh

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Polymers And Plastics Keywords: Polymer matrix composites; POSS; Fracture mechanics; J-integral; Stress intensity factor; Scanning electron microscopy

Online: 31 October 2022 (06:19:34 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1030.v1

Detection of Low-Concentration Biological Samples Based on a QBIC Terahertz Metamaterial Sensor

Bing Dong, Bo Wei, Dongshan Wei, Zhilin Ke, Dongxiong Ling

Subject: Physical Sciences, Optics And Photonics Keywords: Terahertz; Metamaterial sensor; Quasi-bound state in the continuum; Lithium citrate; Bovine serum albumin; Limit of detection

Online: 15 May 2024 (10:51:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0063.v1

Relationship Between Serum Concentration of Sex Hormone Binding Globulin, Age, and Testosterone Levels in Men

Aleksei Igorevich Ryzhkov, Svetlana Yuryevna Sokolova, Alexandra Evgenievna Vasilyeva, Igor Sergeevich Shormanov

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: sex hormone binding globulin; SHBG; male hypogonadism; free testosterone

Online: 1 July 2024 (15:01:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0793.v1

Dynamics of Absorption and Concentration of Anthracene in Radishes

Haruki Shimazu

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: anthracene; radish; absorption; concentration

Online: 12 January 2024 (06:12:05 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0613.v1

Measurement of Continuous Cooling Transformation Curve and High Temperature Mechanical Properties for 12Mn Steel

Sheng tao Qiu, Jun Wei

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: 12Mn steel; round billet; thermal mechanical simulation; CCT curve; diatometer method; JmatPro; tensile strength; the reduction of area; stress-strain curve; Thermal-cal software

Online: 25 March 2021 (11:44:06 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0618.v1

Enhancing Privacy in the Internet of Vehicles via Hyperelliptic Curve Cryptography

George Routis, Panagiotis Dagas, Ioanna Roussaki

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Security Systems Keywords: Internet of Things (IoT); Internet of Vehicles (IoV); Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs); vehicle privacy; digital certificates; digital signatures; ECC; HECC; energy consumption; message size; Arduino; Zigbee

Online: 8 January 2024 (10:52:59 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0609.v1

To Bend the Curve of Terrestrial Biodiversity, Place Agency Centre Stage

Claude Garcia, Sini Savilaakso, Marieke Sassen, Natasha Stoudmann, René W. Verburg, Fabien Quétier, Miguel B. Araújo, Jean-François Bastin, Laurence Boutinot, Hélène Dessard, Anne Dray, Philip Fernbach, Scott Francisco, Jaboury Ghazoul, Laurène Feintrenie, Babak Naimi, Johan Oszwald, Stephan A. Pietsch, Brian E. Robinson, Plinio Sist, Steven A. Sloman, Terry Sunderland, Cédric Vermeulen, Lucienne Wilmé, Sarah J. Wilson, Patrick O. Waeber

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: agency; transition; cognition; land-use change; games; democracy

Online: 29 October 2020 (11:24:42 CET)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0353.v1

Can Innate Immunity Flatten the Curve? Covid-19 – A Case Study

Sangam Banerjee

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: COVID-19; innate immunity

Online: 19 April 2020 (16:54:43 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1442.v1

Revalidation of DNA Fragmentation Analyses for Human Sperm—Measurement Principles, Comparative Standards, Calibration Curve, Required Sensitivity, and Eligibility Criteria for Test Sperm—A Step-by-Step Approach to Cohort Studies with Multivariable Analyses

Satoru Kaneko, Yuki Okada

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: DNA fragmentation; single-cell pulsed-field gel electrophoresis; human sperm; sperm chromatin structure assay; sperm chromatin dispersion test; comet assay; quantitative analysis

Online: 23 May 2024 (08:19:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0624.v1

Evaluation of Topical Administration of Low Molecular Weight Hyaluronic Acid (LMWHA) Solution and High Concentration Oxygen (HCO) versus Hyaluronic Acid (HA) Alone in the Improvement of Urinary Incontinence: A Double Center Retrospective Study

Paolo Manna, Basilio Pecorino, Perrone Fabiola, Di Blasi Marika, Paolo Scollo, Giuseppe Scibilia, Fulvio Zullo

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: hyaluronic acid and high concentration oxygen; menopause; genitourinary syndrome; stress incontinence; mixed urinary incontinence

Online: 9 August 2024 (00:29:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0516.v1

Frequency Response Characteristic (FRC) Curve and Fast Frequency Response Assessment in High Renewable Power Systems

Shutang You

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: Frequency response characteristic (FRC) curve; frequency response; renewable generation; governor

Online: 26 October 2020 (11:40:43 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0619.v1

Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Ammonia Concentration and Their Abundancy in Korea

In Ho Song, Hyun Woong Kim, Jong Sung Park, Seung-Myung Park, Jaeyun Lee, Eunjung Nam, Yongjae Lim, Jung Min Park, Myung Soo Yoo, Seung-Myung Park, Hye Jung Shin*

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Pollution Keywords: Ammonia; Adjusted gas ratio; Ammonium-to-sulfate mole ratio; Nitrate formation

Online: 9 August 2024 (00:25:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0284.v1

Preeclampsia and Their Impact on Human Milk Activin A Concentration

Alessandra Coscia, Lorenzo Riboldi, Elena Spada, Enrico Bertino, Stefano Sottemano, Ignazio Barbagallo, Giovanni Livolti, Fabio Galvano, Diego Gazzolo, Chiara Peila

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: human milk; breastfeeding; activin A; preeclampsia; newborn nutrition; neuro-biomarker

Online: 6 September 2023 (03:28:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1137.v1

V2G Strategies to Flatten the Daily Load Curve in Seoul, South Korea

Sangbong Choi, Changsoo Kim, Backsub Sung

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: V2G strategie; daily load curve; charging location; discharging location; time-of-use (TOU); system marginal price (SMP)

Online: 28 April 2023 (07:25:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0157.v1

Identify the Mathematical Models Generated by the Table Curve 3 D Program

Emilian Mosnegutu, Mirela Panainte-Lehadus, Valentin Nedeff, Claudia Tomozei, Narcis Barsan, Dana Chitimus, Marcin Jasinski

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Mathematics Keywords: mathematical models; Table Curve 3D; correlation coefficient

Online: 11 February 2022 (08:35:16 CET)

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Working Paper REVIEW

Bending the Curve of Global Freshwater Biodiversity Loss – An Emergency Recovery Plan

David Tickner, Jeff Opperman, Robin Abell, Mike Acreman, Angela H. Arthington, Stuart E. Bunn, Steven J. Cooke, James Dalton, Will Darwall, Gavin Edwards, Ian Harrison, Kathy Hughes, Tim Jones, David Leclère, Abigail J. Lynch, Philip Leonard, Michael E. McClain, Dean Muruven, Julian D. Olden, Steve Ormerod, Rebecca E. Tharme, Michele Thieme, Klement Tockner, Mark Wright, Lucy Young

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Ecology Keywords: River restoration; wetlands; freshwater conservation; Sustainable Development Goals; Convention on Biological Diversity

Online: 29 October 2019 (11:13:47 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0265.v1

Resource Concentration and Clustering in Replicator Dynamics with Stochastic Reset Events

Ignacio T. Gómez Garay, Damián H. Zanette

Subject: Physical Sciences, Thermodynamics Keywords: replicator population; stochastic resetting; resource distribution; anomalous fluctuations; clustering

Online: 15 November 2022 (01:38:20 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0459.v1

Oxidation and Characterization of Low Concentration Gas in High-Temperature Reactor

Jinhua Chen, Guangcai Wen, Song Yan, Xiangyun Lan, Lu Xiao

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: low concentration; gas; reactor; high-temperature oxidation

Online: 29 February 2020 (09:20:28 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0129.v1

Process Heat Generation Potential from Solar Concentration Technologies in Latin America: The Case of Argentina

Isidoro Lillo, Elena Pérez, Sara Moreno, Manuel Silva

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: feasibility; solar thermal energy; heat process; greenhouse gas emissions

Online: 17 March 2017 (04:05:07 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0605.v1

Comparison of Methane Emissions from Dairy Cows Quantified by Maximum Amplitude of Eructation Peaks and other Concentration Metrics

Ali Hardan, Phil C. Garnsworthy, Matt J. Bell

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: ; dairy cows; enteric methane; eructation; measurement ;

Online: 9 August 2024 (02:41:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.2137.v1

Hardware Implementations of Elliptic Curve Cryptography Using Shift-Sub Based Modular Multiplication Algorithms

Yamin Li

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Security Systems Keywords: elliptic curve cryptography; affine, projective, and Jacobian coordinates; modular multiplication; hardware security module; Verilog HDL; FPGA; cost/performance evaluation

Online: 31 August 2023 (09:35:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0192.v1

Evaluation of the Daily Load Curve by Taking V2G of PEVs into Consideration

Sangbong Choi, Chang soo Kim, Back sub Sung

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Charging location; Discharging location; Time of Use(TOU); System Marginal Price(SMP)

Online: 10 November 2022 (05:59:59 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0886.v1

A New Test Method of “Nuclear Magnetic Resonance + High-Speed Centrifugation” for Gas-Water Relative Permeability Curve of Low-Permeability and Tight Sandstone

Fenglai Yang, Huaxun Liu, Shusheng Gao, Sijie He, Feifei Fang, Cuili Wang, Liyou Ye, Kun Zhou, Xuejun Yang, Weiguo An

Subject: Physical Sciences, Fluids And Plasmas Physics Keywords: Low permeability and tight sandstone; Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR); High speed centrifugation; Micro pore structure; Gas-water relative permeability curve

Online: 11 July 2024 (08:28:50 CEST)

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Gas-water relative permeability curve is the foundation of gas reservoir dynamic analysis and numerical simulation. It is generally obtained through gas displacing water experiment. Referring to the existing national standards, gas-water relative permeability test is carried out for low-permeability and tight sandstone. The flow is discontinuous and the curve smoothness is poor, which affects the application of gas-water relative permeability curve. Based on the comparative analysis of a large number of mercury injection and NMR experimental results of low-permeability and tight sandstone, a method to characterize the throat radius distribution of low-permeability tight sandstone based on NMR T2 spectrum is explored. Combined with high-speed centrifugal experiment, the calculation formulas of core water saturation, phase relative permeability of gas-water under different centrifugal force are established. A new method of "nuclear magnetic resonance + high-speed centrifugation" for gas-water relative permeability curve test of low-permeability and tight sandstone is formed, and the test is carried out on Sulige low-permeability tight sandstone core. The results show that: (1) The shape of cumulative distribution curve of throat radius by mercury injection method is basically consistent with that of T2 relaxation time by NMR, and there is a good corresponding relationship between them. (2) The centrifugation process is similar to the gas displacing water process. With the decrease of water saturation, water centrifugation in rock core becomes more and more difficult until it become irreducible. (3) The test process of the new method is unified and standard and up to 6 cores can be tested at the same time. The calculation results of water saturation and relative permeability curve are reliable and the integral curve is smooth, which greatly improves the test efficiency of gas-water relative permeability curve in low-permeability and tight sandstone. The new method can be widely used to study the gas-water two-phase seepage law in low-permeability and tight sandstone gas reservoir.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0149.v1

Estimation of Chlorophyll‐a Concentration and Trophic States for an Inland Lake from Landsat 8 OLI Data: A Case of Nalban Lake of East Kolkata Wetland, India

Pulak Patra, Sourabh Kumar Dubey, Raman Kumar Trivedi, Sanjeev Kumar Sahu, Sangram Keshari Rout

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: landsat 8 OLI; Nalban Lake; East Kolkata Wetland; chlorophyll-a prediction; study points; validation points

Online: 15 August 2016 (13:51:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1066.v1

Development and Performance Assessment of Low-Cost Sensors for Pollutants Concentration Measurement

Luigi Russi, Paolo Guidorzi, Giovanni Semprini, Arianna Trentini, Beatrice Pulvirenti

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Pollution Keywords: air quality; low cost sensors; sensor validation; pollutant concentration measurement

Online: 14 July 2024 (05:30:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1845.v1

Aphid Colonization Affects Gas Exchange and Nitrogen Concentration in Urban Ornamental Shrubs

Leopold Poljaković-Pajnik, Nataša Nikolić, Branislav Kovačević, Verica Vasić, Milan Drekić, Saša Orlović, Lazar Kesić

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Insect Science Keywords: aphids; shrubs; gas exchange; photosynthetic pigments; CHN partition

Online: 29 November 2023 (11:05:44 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0401.v1

Predicting Alcohol Concentration during Beer Fermentation Using Ultrasonic Measurements and Machine Learning

Alexander Bowler, Josep Escrig, Michael Pound, Nicholas Watson

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: Machine learning; Ultrasonic measurements; Long Short-Term Memory; Industrial Digital technologies

Online: 18 February 2021 (09:31:43 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0182.v1

Airborne Aerosols and Human Health: Leapfrogging from Mass Concentration to Oxidative Potential

Carolina Molina, Richard Toro, Carlos Manzano, Silvia Canepari, Lorenzo Massimi, Manuel. A. Leiva-Guzmán

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: Airborne aerosols; Reactive oxygen species (ROS); health effects; oxidative potential

Online: 9 July 2020 (11:29:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1445.v1

Dissolved Hydrogen Concentration in the Psychrophilic Anaerobic Digestion of Food Leftovers and Its Correlation to VFA/ TIC Ratio

Daniela Platosova, Jiri Rusin, Radek Svoboda, Katerina Smutna

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: anaerobic digestion; fermentation; psychrophilic bioreactor; dissolved hydrogen; amperometric sensor

Online: 18 September 2024 (15:10:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1392.v1

Deep-Learning-Based Hydrostatic Curve Modeling for Stability Calculation of Chine-Type Small Ships

Dongkeun Lee, Chaeog Lim, Sang-jin Oh, Minjoon Kim, Jun Soo Park, Sung-chul Shin

Subject: Engineering, Marine Engineering Keywords: hull form; deep learning model; hydrostatic curve modelling; small ships

Online: 22 November 2023 (06:31:44 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.2126.v1

Echocardiographic-Fluoroscopic Fusion Imaging Improves Interventionalists´ Learning Curve for Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage Closure

Dominika Anna Kanschik, Houtan Heidari, Kathrin Klein, Amin Polzin, Verena Veulemans, Jürgen Leick, Malte Kelm, Christian Jung, Tobias Zeus, Shazia Samreen Afzal

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Internal Medicine Keywords: structural heart disease; left atrial appendage closure; fusion imaging; learning curve

Online: 31 August 2023 (10:36:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1821.v1

Point-of-Care Ultrasound (POCUS) Assessment, Including Learning Curve: Developing a Dynamic Simulation Model

Sandra Patricia Usaquén-Perilla, Laura Valentina Bocanegra-Villegas, José Isidro García-Melo

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: System dynamics; Health Technology Assessment (HTA); Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS); dengue

Online: 26 May 2023 (03:06:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0679.v1

Low Vitamin D Concentration is Associated with Increased Depression Risk in Adults 20-44 Years-Old, an NHANES 2007-2018 Data Analysis with a Focus on Perinatal and Breastfeeding Status

Victoria Rose Barri Benters Hollinshead, Julia L. Piaskowski, Yimin Chen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: 25OHD2; 25OHD3; Pregnant; Postpartum; Women; Diet patterns; Mental health; PHQ-9; Depressive symptoms; Human milk

Online: 10 May 2024 (20:02:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0060.v1

The Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis for Colombia: impact of economic development on greenhouse gas emissions and ecological footprint

Jorge A Acevedo, Carlos Felipe Valencia, Carlos Darío Valencia

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Econometrics And Statistics Keywords: carbon dioxide emissions; Ecological footprint; Economic growth; EKC hypothesis; Environmental degradation; ARDL; Methane emissions

Online: 4 January 2023 (03:44:17 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201708.0070.v1

Stretch-Shortening Cycle in Countermovement Jump: Exclusive Review of Force-Time Curve Variables in Eccentric and Concentric Phases

Mahdi Cheraghi, Javad Sarvestan, Masoud Sebyani, Elham Shirzad

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy And Rehabilitation Keywords: stretch-shortening cycle; countermovement jump; force-time curve variables; eccentric; concentric; volleyball

Online: 21 August 2017 (09:08:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202210.0354.v1

Mini-Spidroin Filamentation in Different Methanol Concentration Coagulation Bath

Jie Zhang, Meng xin Gong, Qiu pin Jia, Qing Meng

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Biomaterials Keywords: Spidroin; wet spinning; methanol

Online: 24 October 2022 (07:14:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0558.v1

Cerebrospinal Fluid Protein Concentration in Japanese Healthy Older Volunteers

Tatsuya Yoshihara, Masayoshi Zaitsu, Kazuya Ito, Ryuzo Hanada, Eunhee Chung, Rie Yazawa, Yukikuni Sakata, Koki Furusho, Hiroshi Tsukikawa, Takeshi Chiyoda, Shunji Matsuki, Shin Irie

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Cerebrospinal fluid; Total protein; Reference interval; Older population; Japanese healthy volunteer

Online: 24 May 2021 (10:38:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201902.0228.v1

Low Concentration Response Hydrogen Sensors Based on Wheatstone Bridge

Hongchuan Jiang, Xiaoyu Tian, Xinwu Deng, Xiaohui Zhao, Luying Zhang, Wanli Zhang, Jianfeng Zhang, Yifan Huang

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: hydrogen sensors; PdNi thin films; Wheatstone bridge; low concentration

Online: 25 February 2019 (14:34:58 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201805.0472.v2

Modeling the Dynamic Concentration Profiles and Efficacy of Type-I and Type-II Photopolymerization

Jui-Teng Lin, Da-Chuan Cheng, Kuo-Ti Chen, Hsia-Wei Liu

Subject: Physical Sciences, Optics And Photonics Keywords: polymerization; modeling; kinetic; singlet oxygen; polymerization efficacy; crosslinking

Online: 30 October 2018 (07:18:35 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1179.v2

A Novel Security System Using a Physical Unclonable Framework With Modified Elliptic Curve Cryptography Algorithm

Aiham Altaher

Subject: Engineering, Other Keywords: PUF; Improved PUF; ECC; security; Cybersecurity; Authentication; Authorization; Encryption; Decryption

Online: 26 July 2024 (05:58:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201903.0147.v1

Myosin Cross-bridge Behaviour in Contracting Muscle – The T₁ Curve of Huxley & Simmons (1971) Revisited

Carlo Knupp, John M. Squire

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biophysics Keywords: myosin filament stiffness; actin filament stiffness; myosin cross-bridge stiffness; muscle transients; weak binding heads; contractile mechanism; cross-bridge cycle; rigor muscle

Online: 14 March 2019 (07:01:45 CET)

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The stiffness of the myosin cross-bridges is a key factor in analysing possible scenarios to explain myosin head changes during force generation in active muscles. The seminal study of Huxley and Simmons (1971: Nature 233: 533) suggested that most of the observed half-sarcomere instantaneous compliance (=1/stiffness) resides in the myosin heads. They showed with a so-called T₁ plot that, after a very fast release, the half-sarcomere tension reduced to zero after a step size of about 60Å (later with improved experiments reduced to 40Å). However, later X-ray diffraction studies showed that myosin and actin filaments themselves stretch slightly under tension, which means that most (at least two-thirds) of the half sarcomere compliance comes from the filaments and not from cross-bridges. Here we have used a different approach, namely to model the compliances in a virtual half sarcomere structure in silico. We confirm that the T₁ curve comes almost entirely from length changes in the myosin and actin filaments, because the calculated cross-bridge stiffness (probably greater than 0.4 pN/Å) is higher than previous studies have suggested. In the light of this, we present a plausible modified scenario to describe aspects of the myosin cross-bridge cycle in active muscle. In particular, we suggest that, apart from the filament compliances, most of the cross-bridge contribution to the instantaneous T₁ response comes from weakly-bound myosin heads, not myosin heads in strongly attached states. The strongly attached heads would still contribute to the T₁ curve, but only in a very minor way, with a stiffness that we postulate could be around 0.1 pN/Å, a value which would generate a working stroke close to 100 Å from the hydrolysis of one ATP molecule. The new program can serve as a tool to calculate sarcomere elastic properties for any vertebrate striated muscle once various parameters have been determined (e.g. tension, T₁ intercept, temperature, X-ray diffraction spacing results).

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.2092.v1

Environmental And Technological Assessment Of Operations For Extraction And Concentration Of Metals In Electronic Waste

Josinaldo Dias, Angelus Giuseppe Pereira Silva, José Nilson França Holanda, Fabíola Martins Delatorre, Amanda Oliveira Conceição, Gilson Mendonça de Miranda Júnior, Aurora Magalhães Futuro, Silvia Cardinal Pinho

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Waste Management And Disposal Keywords: Electronic waste; Waste management; Copper recovery

Online: 29 June 2023 (10:13:34 CEST)

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The exponential growth in the consumption of electronics, in combination with the reduction in their useful life, leads to a significant increase in the volume of electronic material discarded. Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) are modules composed of ceramic, polymer and metallic materials of high economic value and with a great potential for damage to biotic and anthropic environments when inadequately discarded. The aims of this work was to study the main environmental impacts and the efficiency of mechanical operations in the electronic waste recycling process in optimizing the concentration of metallic copper. For this, the samples obtained were characterized according to their morphology and chemical composition, and subjected to physical and mechanical treatments: dismantling, grinding, separation by granulometry, density and magnetic property. The environment impacts were estimated by the Life Cycle Assessment of the pre-treatment processes, associated with copper extraction operations in WPCBs. According to the results obtained, it is possible to infer that the NM +1mm Concentrated product presents in its metallic composition around 78% of copper, which contributes to the efficiency of the hydrometallurgical extraction processes. It is noteworthy that the Concentrated class represents about 14% of copper (wt) taking into account the amount of 3.789 kg of PCB waste input material. The potential for reinsertion of the dust in the material recovery process is highlighted, given that the chemical composition of this particulate has a significant presence of metals. In general, it was found that due to the higher concentration (wt %) of the sample being allocated in the range of - 0.15mm + 0.05mm, the elements Fe (18.30%), Si (10.73%), Ca (9.21%) and Cu (8.89%) stand out regarding the participation of the elemental composition of this fraction and also regarding the general composition of the sample. Furthermore, the generation of dust during the fragmentation process, can be associated with occupational respiratory diseases when not managed. About the Life Cycle Assessment, in seven of the nine categories evaluated, crushing and screening activities accounted for more than 90% of the recorded impact values. In general, it is estimated that in the pre-treatment phase be generated 15.4 kg CO2 eq.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0030.v1

Concentration of selenium and other minerals and their relationship in soils and fodder plants in Kosovo

Arsim Ademi, Bal Ram Singh, Aksel Bernhoft, Hysen Bytyqi

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Soil Science Keywords: micro minerals, selenium, deficiency, soil-plant relationship, Kosovo

Online: 1 April 2021 (16:17:35 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0568.v1

The Impact of Green Space on PM2.5 Concentration: A Review

Junyou Liu, Bohong Zheng

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Pollution Keywords: Fine particulate matter (PM_2.5); green space; spatial layout; deposition; blockage; absorption; adsorption

Online: 8 July 2024 (09:05:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1032.v1

Changjiang River (China) Suspended Sediment Concentration Estimation with Sentinel-2

Michael Nones, Chao Guo

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Changjiang River; suspended sediment concentration; Sentinel-2; reflectance bands

Online: 15 May 2024 (17:12:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1248.v1

Experimental Study on Ultra-Low Concentration Methane Regenerative Thermal Oxidation

Junhui Yang, Liguo Yang, Jida Zhang, Xiaoxu Fan, Sheng Li, Luyao Zhang, Weijie Zhang

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: ultra-low concentration methane; regenerative thermal oxidation; carbon emission reduction

Online: 21 March 2024 (12:43:45 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1691.v1

High-Biotin Sample Interference on Antibodies Concentration by Sandwich Immunoassays

Geraldo Balieiro Neto, Jair Rodini Engracia Filho, Fabio Enrique Lemos Budino, Acyr Wanderley de Paula Freitas, Weber Vilas Boas Soares

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: antibody-antigen complex; biotin; ELISA; immunoassays; interference; streptavidin

Online: 24 August 2023 (09:53:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0435.v1

Influence of Concentration Fluctuations on Relaxation Processes in Spin Glasses

Julia Wagner, Wolfgang Häussler, Olaf Holderer, Andreas Bauer, Stephen Shapiro, Peter Böni

Subject: Physical Sciences, Condensed Matter Physics Keywords: spin glasses; disordered systems; magnetism; neutron spin echo

Online: 27 June 2018 (08:56:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201803.0051.v1

Does Glutamine Concentration Depends on the Type of the Operation?

Aleksandra Rozowicz, Krzysztof Kusza, Marlena Jakubczyk, Piotr Kośliński, Paulina Szatkowska-Wandas, Katarzyna Wawrzyniak, Marcin Koba, Jacek Szopinski, Pawel Jakubczyk

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: glutamine; perioperative period; bypass surgery; intestine surgery; HPLC

Online: 7 March 2018 (05:21:29 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0940.v1

Relationship between Eating Habits and Nonylphenol Concentration in Breast Milk of Women in Slovakia

Adriana Repková, Csilla Mišľanová, Janka Hrabčáková, Marián Masár, Zuzana Slezáková, Lukáš Žemlička, Martina Valachovičová

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: nonylphenol; breast milk; HPLC-SPE analysis, breastfeeding, lifestyle

Online: 15 November 2023 (04:08:43 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0494.v1

Microbial Diversity, Enzyme Profile and Substrate Concentration for Bioconversion of Cassava Peels to Bioethanol

Martison Budu, Patrick Boakye, Joseph Asankomah Bentil

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: bioethanol; cassava peels; substrate; onsite enzyme; optimization; cassava-degrading fungi

Online: 8 November 2023 (03:38:38 CET)

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In light of the hazardous effects of global warming brought on by climate change, bioethanol production is one of the key alternatives in which the world has expressed a great deal of interest. Two factors—indigenous production and price—are crucial for bioethanol to be appealing in Africa and, for that matter, Ghana. The objective of this research is to produce bioethanol from cheap lignocellulosic materials using onsite enzymes produced from cassava peels degrading fungi. Due to Ghana's prominent position as one of the leading cassava producers in the world, the study focused on utilizing cassava peels, which are underutilized in the country. The research was conducted in multiple stages. In the first stage, the peels were prepared by washing, drying, and manually crushing them using mortar and pestle. The second stage involved analyzing the chemical composition of the peels, including starch and insoluble fibre, which were determined as Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF), Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF), and Acid Detergent Lignin (ADL). The results showed significant levels of cellulose (39.78%) and starch (31.21%), indicating that cassava peels are valuable raw materials for bioethanol production. The content of hemicellulose (21.11%) and lignin (3.84%) were also determined. In the third stage, using a Petri dish, three fungi (ICPF1, ICPF2, and ICPF3) were isolated from two different cassava peels. ICPF1 was only identified from fresh cassava peels (FCP), while all three fungi were identified from decayed cassava peels (DCP). Morphologically, these fungi were identified as Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, and Rhizopus stolonifer. The fourth stage focused on optimizing the enzyme activity of the three isolates for potential applications, with A. niger demonstrating the highest enzyme activity with a diameter of zone of clearance of 16 mm. Stage five involved optimizing the production of the onsite enzyme in a 50ml flask using A. niger, basal salt medium (BSM), and cassava peels as a substrate. The DNSA method was used to measure the absorbance of maltose and glucose at 540 nm for various substrate concentrations (1%, 3%, 5%, 8%, and 10%) at specific intervals of 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 days with a spore concentration of 2.1 x 105 cells/ml. The maltose and glucose concentrations were calculated as 7.138mg/ml and 6.398 mg/ml, respectively, and the corresponding enzyme activity was determined as 4.759U/ml and 4.265U/ml. The optimal conditions of Day 4 and a substrate concentration of 10%, along with a fixed temperature of 30°C and a pH of 5.5, were used to prepare the onsite enzymes in a 500 ml flask for the fermentation process. The onsite enzymes were used for saccharification and Saccharomyces cerevisiae for fermentation under simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) process. A mixture of 20 ml of onsite enzymes and 1.5 g of S. cerevisiae were added to substrate concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 20%, and the ethanol concentration was analyzed daily for 7 days using Gas Chromatography (GC). The highest ethanol concentration (1.316%) was observed on Day 5 with a substrate concentration of 20%, while the lowest concentration (0.123%) was recorded on Day 1 with a substrate concentration of 5%.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1167.v1

Deep Learning-Based Modeling of Daily Suspended Sediment Concentration and Discharge in Esopus Creek

Marzieh Khosravi, Shima Ghoochani, Neda Nazemi

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Water quality; suspended sediment; discharge; LSTM; deep neural network

Online: 17 May 2023 (02:20:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.2259.v1

Functional Significance of the Curve of Spee: Electro-myographic Analysis of Young Adults-A Preliminary Study

Ilde Bertolino, Pietro Messina, Mohmed Isaqali Karobari, Anand Marya, Giuseppe Alessandro Scardina

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: curve of Spee; electromyographic analysis; young adults

Online: 30 June 2023 (13:17:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0250.v1

Time Series Optimization-Based Characteristic Curve Calculation for Local Reactive Power Control Using pandapower-PowerModels Interface

Zheng Liu, Maryam Majidi, Haonan Wang, Denis Mende, Martin Braun

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: characteristic curve; optimal power flow; distribution grids; voltage stability; reactive power flexibility

Online: 4 May 2023 (09:57:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0099.v1

Analysis on Steering Performance of Active Steering Bogie According to Steering Angle Control in Curve Section

Hyunmoo Hur, Yujeong Shin, Dahoon Ahn

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: Active Steering bogie; Steering angle; Steering Performance; Bogie angle; Lateral force; Derailment coefficient

Online: 7 April 2020 (11:58:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1716.v1

A Spatial-Seasonal Study for Dynamics of Pollutant Concentration in Water on the Danube River in the Adjacent Danube Delta Area and the Evaluation of the Attenuation and Transfer Coefficients. Part 1 – Case Study – Monitored Heavy Metals

Catalina Topa, Gabriel Murariu, Valentina-Andreea Calmuc, Madalina Calmuc, Maxim Arseni, Cecila Serban, Carmen Lidia Chițescu

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Aluminum; Arsenic; Cadmium; Chromium; Iron; absorption coefficients; numerical approach; flow simulation; HEC-RAS; model unsteady

Online: 22 July 2024 (11:55:13 CEST)

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Monitoring and protecting flowing watercourses is a complex and challenging task that requires the collaboration and coordination of various stakeholders such as governments, industries, farmers, consumers and environmental groups. The study of the dynamics of the concentration of polluting factors and especially the concentrations of heavy metals and highlighting a seasonal variation is a necessary element from this point of view. In this article, we present the results of our analyzes carried out in two measurement campaigns executed in 10 monitoring points along the Danube River, between Braila city and Isaccea city in the pre-deltaic area, during the summer season and autumn season 2022. The importance of this area is given by the fact that the Dan-ube Delta is part of the UNESCO heritage and the monitoring of polluting factors is a necessity in the desire to protect this area. The data measured during the July and August 2022 campaign co-vers a wide range of chemical species: Phosphate, CCO, CBO5, NH4+, N-NO2, N-NO3-, N-Total, P-PO4 3-, SO42-, Cl-, phenols, as well as metals with a harmful effect: Aluminum, Arsenic, Cad-mium, Chromium, Iron. The study includes an evaluation based on the statistical approach of the results to highlight the significant correlations and differences identified between the two data sets. Next, to highlight the obtained results, a numerical model was considered using HEC-RAS and ESRI ArcGis applications in a two-dimensional unsteady flow model in order to get the non-homogenous concentrations’distributions in the studied area. These two-dimensional models have been less studied in the specialized literature. In this way, interesting results could be ob-tained and prediction methods regarding the dynamics of metal concentrations could be struc-tured. The data obtained was used for the terrain model from the USGS service and the flows of the Danube and its two tributaries were simulated using the data provided by the national ser-vices. In this work, we present the results obtained for the dynamics of the concentrations of the metals Aluminum, Arsenic, Cadmium, Chromium and Iron and the evaluation of the specific ab-sorption coefficients for the explanation and correlation with the results of the measurements. The study is part of a more complex project in which the spatio-temporal distribution of the polluting factors in the water was evaluated and the habitats in the study area were inventoried - especially those of community interest. the aspects related to the influence of the distribution of polluting factors on the state of health will be the subject of another article.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0650.v1

Evaluating and Zoning Flood Susceptibility Using Curve Number (CN) Logistic and Hydrological Regression Model (Case Study of Kalateh Qanbar Drainage Basin, Nishabur)

Mahnaz Naemitabar, Mohammad Ali Zangeneh Asadi, Abolghasem Amirahmadi, Leila Goli Mokhtari

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: flood proneness; zoning, CN hydrologic model; curve number (CN); logistic regression

Online: 25 December 2020 (10:36:39 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0004.v1

Linear Fiber Laser Configurations for Optical Concentration Sensing in Liquid Solutions

Liliana Soares, Rosa Ana Pérez-Herrera, Susana Novais, António Ferreira, Susana Silva, Orlando Frazão

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: fiber laser; concentration; paracetamol; liquid solutions; linear cavity; fiber tip; intensity sensor.

Online: 1 February 2024 (09:52:37 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1706.v1

Multi-Layered Bipolar Ionic Diode Working in Broad Range Ion Concentration

Jaehyun Kim, Cong Wang, Jungyul Park

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Nanotechnology Keywords: Ion current rectification; Multi-layer; Bipolar ionic diode; Nanochannel network membrane; Nanoparticle

Online: 25 May 2023 (08:07:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0003.v1

Potent Activity of High Concentration Ozone Therapy Against Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria

Karyne Rangel, Fellipe O Cabral, Guilherme Curty Lechuga, João P.R.S. Carvalho, Maria H.S. Villas-Bôas, Vitor Midlej, Salvatore Giovanni De-Simone

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: ozone; detrimental effect; pathogenic bacteria; antimicrobial resistance; SEM; ESKAPE pathogens

Online: 1 February 2022 (11:02:26 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0176.v1

An Innovative Low-Cost Equipment for Electro-Concentration of Microalgal Biomass

Edwar M. Sanchez-Galvis, Ingri Y. Cardenas-Gutierrez, Jefferson E. Contreras-Ropero, Janet B. García-Martínez, Andrés F. Barajas-Solano, Antonio Zuorro

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: dewatering; response surface methodology; Arduino; aluminum electrodes; microalgae harvesting

Online: 9 July 2020 (07:46:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1823.v1

Concentration Prediction‐Based Crop Digital Twin Using Nutrient Co‐Existence and Composition in Regression Algorithms

Anahita Ghazvini, Nurfadhlina Mohd Sharef

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: rice nutrient level; fertilizer optimization; nutrient analysis; polynomial regression; nutrient prediction; environmental impact reduction

Online: 29 November 2023 (07:54:53 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1747.v1

Assessing Contact Time and Concentration of Thymus vulgaris Essential Oil on Antibacterial Efficacy In Vitro

Michela Galgano, Francesco Pellegrini, Daniela Mrenoshki, Paolo Capozza, Ahmed Hassan Omar, Anna Salvaggiulo, Michele Camero, Gianvito Lanave, Maria Tempesta, Annamaria Pratelli, Alessio Buonavoglia

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Gram +; Gram -; Thymus vulgaris L. essential oil; contact time; bacterial growth

Online: 25 May 2023 (07:10:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0095.v1

Temporal and Spatial Impacts of Land Transfer on PM2.5 Concentration in 285 Cities of China

Ling Feng Song, Yan Fei Feng

Subject: Social Sciences, Geography, Planning And Development Keywords: PM2.5; GDP; MGWR; land transfer; industrial structure

Online: 4 November 2021 (08:57:00 CET)

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