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Chronic Rhinosinusitis: Aetiology, Immunology and Treatment, 3rd Edition

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 November 2024 | Viewed by 665

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea
Interests: mucosal immunity; airway inflammation; epithelial cell biology; eosinophils; fungal infection
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is a continuation of our previous Special Issue entitled “Chronic Rhinosinusitis: Aetiology, Immunology and Treatment 2.0” (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/ijms/special_issues/EW08YBRXM7).

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is one of the most common chronic diseases. However, the pathophysiology of CRS is not fully understood, the treatment options are limited, and it features heterogeneous disease groups.

CRS was once considered an infectious disease, with focus placed on the identification of the pathogenic microbial organisms. However, recent studies have suggested that CRS may be related to immune-mediated diseases, the involvement of which may cause the exacerbation of local inflammatory responses. CRS is classified as eosinophilic or non-eosinophilic CRS based on the dominant inflammatory cell types. CRS can also be divided into Th1-, Th2-, and Th17-dominant CRS based on the presence of lymphocyte effector cells in the sinonasal mucosa. Many researchers have attempted to determine the pathogenesis of CRS by identifying key chemical mediators or transcription factors and using various animal models. In this regard, many efforts are being made to elucidate the immunopathologic mechanism of CRS. Because CRS is a sinonasal mucosal inflammatory disease, surgical treatment options are limited. Therefore, biologics are garnering attention as a novel therapeutic strategy for CRS.

This Special Issue will focus on advances in the field of mucosal immunity and their impact on our understanding of the development of CRS and the immunologic effects of biologics for the treatment of CRS. IJMS is a journal of molecular science, so pure clinical studies are not suitable; however, biomolecular experimental studies are welcome.

Dr. Seung-Heon Shin
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • innate immunity
  • adaptive immunity
  • protease
  • cytokine
  • inflammation
  • epithelial cells
  • fibroblasts
  • eosinophils
  • lymphocytes
  • biologics

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

54 pages, 1680 KiB  
Review
The Role of the Gut and Airway Microbiota in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps: A Systematic Review
by Manuel Gómez-García, Emma Moreno-Jimenez, Natalia Morgado, Asunción García-Sánchez, María Gil-Melcón, Jacqueline Pérez-Pazos, Miguel Estravís, María Isidoro-García, Ignacio Dávila and Catalina Sanz
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(15), 8223; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25158223 - 27 Jul 2024
Viewed by 563
Abstract
In recent years, there has been growing interest in understanding the potential role of microbiota dysbiosis or alterations in the composition and function of human microbiota in the development of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP). This systematic review evaluated the literature on [...] Read more.
In recent years, there has been growing interest in understanding the potential role of microbiota dysbiosis or alterations in the composition and function of human microbiota in the development of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP). This systematic review evaluated the literature on CRSwNP and host microbiota for the last ten years, including mainly nasal bacteria, viruses, and fungi, following the PRISMA guidelines and using the major scientific publication databases. Seventy original papers, mainly from Asia and Europe, met the inclusion criteria, providing a comprehensive overview of the microbiota composition in CRSwNP patients and its implications for inflammatory processes in nasal polyps. This review also explores the potential impact of microbiota-modulating therapies for the CRSwNP treatment. Despite variability in study populations and methodologies, findings suggest that fluctuations in specific taxa abundance and reduced bacterial diversity can be accepted as critical factors influencing the onset or severity of CRSwNP. These microbiota alterations appear to be implicated in triggering cell-mediated immune responses, cytokine cascade changes, and defects in the epithelial barrier. Although further human studies are required, microbiota-modulating strategies could become integral to future combined CRSwNP treatments, complementing current therapies that mainly target inflammatory mediators and potentially improving patient outcomes. Full article
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