Journal Description
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering
is an international, peer-reviewed, open access journal on marine science and engineering, published monthly online by MDPI. The Australia New Zealand Marine Biotechnology Society (ANZMBS) is affiliated with JMSE and their members receive discounts on the article processing charges.
- Open Access— free for readers, with article processing charges (APC) paid by authors or their institutions.
- High Visibility: indexed with Scopus, SCIE (Web of Science), GeoRef, Inspec, AGRIS, and other databases.
- Journal Rank: JCR - Q1 (Engineering, Marine) / CiteScore - Q2 (Civil and Structural Engineering)
- Rapid Publication: manuscripts are peer-reviewed and a first decision is provided to authors approximately 16.9 days after submission; acceptance to publication is undertaken in 2.6 days (median values for papers published in this journal in the first half of 2024).
- Recognition of Reviewers: reviewers who provide timely, thorough peer-review reports receive vouchers entitling them to a discount on the APC of their next publication in any MDPI journal, in appreciation of the work done.
Impact Factor:
2.7 (2023);
5-Year Impact Factor:
2.8 (2023)
Latest Articles
Conceptual Models for Exploring Sea-Surface Temperature Variability Vis-à Long-Range Weather Forecasting
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(9), 1483; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12091483 (registering DOI) - 27 Aug 2024
Abstract
This paper analyzes the ability of three conceptual stochastic models (one-box, two-box, and diffusion models) to reproduce essential features of sea surface temperature variability on intra-annual time scales. The variability of sea surface temperature, which is particularly influenced by feedback mechanisms in ocean
[...] Read more.
This paper analyzes the ability of three conceptual stochastic models (one-box, two-box, and diffusion models) to reproduce essential features of sea surface temperature variability on intra-annual time scales. The variability of sea surface temperature, which is particularly influenced by feedback mechanisms in ocean surface–atmosphere coupling processes, is characterized by power spectral density, commonly used to analyze the response of dynamical systems to random forcing. The models are aimed at studying local effects of ocean–atmosphere interactions. Comparing observed and theoretical power spectra shows that in dynamically inactive ocean regions (e.g., north-eastern part of the Pacific Ocean), sea surface temperature variability can be described by linear stochastic models such as one-box and two-box models. In regions of the world ocean (e.g., north-western Pacific Ocean, subtropics of the North Atlantic, the Southern Ocean), in which the observed sea surface temperature spectra on the intra-annual time scales do not obey the law (where is a regular frequency), the formation mechanisms of sea surface anomalies are mainly determined by ocean circulation rather than by local ocean–atmosphere interactions. The diffusion model can be used for simulating sea surface temperature anomalies in such areas of the global ocean. The models examined are not able to reproduce the variability of sea surface temperature over the entire frequency range for two primary reasons; first, because the object of study, the ocean surface mixed layer, changes during the year, and second, due to the difference in the physics of processes involved at different time scales.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Latest Advances in Physical Oceanography—2nd Edition)
►
Show Figures
Open AccessArticle
Study on Strain Field Reconstruction Method of Long-Span Hull Box Girder Based on iFEM
by
Guocai Chen, Xueliang Wang, Nan Zhao, Zhentao Jiang, Fei Li, Haozheng Chen, Pengyu Wei and Tao Zhang
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(9), 1482; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12091482 - 26 Aug 2024
Abstract
The box girder’s condition significantly impacts the safety and overall performance of the entire ship because it is the primary stress component of the hull construction. This work used experimental research on the long-span hull box girder based on IFEM (Inverse Finite Element
[...] Read more.
The box girder’s condition significantly impacts the safety and overall performance of the entire ship because it is the primary stress component of the hull construction. This work used experimental research on the long-span hull box girder based on IFEM (Inverse Finite Element Method) technology to ensure the structural safety of the hull box girder. Due to the limitations of conventional experiments in this technical field, such as their reliance on finite element data and lack of input from physical tests, numerous research methods combining the strain sensing data from physical tests with the strain data from virtual sensors were conducted. The strain fields of the top plate, side plate, and bottom plate were each reconstructed in turn, and the verifier measuring points in the physical model test were used to assess the accuracy of the reconstruction results. The findings demonstrate that the top plate, side plate, and bottom plate reconstructions had relative errors of 0.24–7.86%, 0.75–8.13%, and 3.31–2.52%, respectively. This enables the reconstruction of the strain field of the long-span hull box girder using physical test data and promotes the use of iFEM technology in the field of structural health monitoring of large marine structures.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Marine Mechanical and Structural Engineering—2nd Edition)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Metagenomic Profiling of Bacterial Communities and Functional Genes in Penaeus monodon
by
Juan Chen, Yundong Li, Song Jiang, Qibin Yang, Jianhua Huang, Lishi Yang, Jianzhi Shi, Zhibin Lu, Yan Zhang, Shigui Jiang and Falin Zhou
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(9), 1481; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12091481 - 26 Aug 2024
Abstract
Penaeus monodon is one of the world’s most important aquaculture species, with its host-associated microbial community playing a crucial role in its growth, metabolism, immune response, and adaptation. In our study, we utilized Illumina high-throughput sequencing to investigate the composition, structure, and function
[...] Read more.
Penaeus monodon is one of the world’s most important aquaculture species, with its host-associated microbial community playing a crucial role in its growth, metabolism, immune response, and adaptation. In our study, we utilized Illumina high-throughput sequencing to investigate the composition, structure, and function of the intestinal microbial communities of P. monodon from two different regions in Guangdong. Our results identified 176 phyla across both populations, with Proteobacteria and Firmicutes being predominant. Furthermore, we identified 3095 genera, with Photobacterium, Vibrio, and Aliiroseovarius being the most dominant. Functional gene analysis based on KEGG data indicated that the carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid metabolism were significant at the secondary metabolic pathway level. The eggNOG functional annotation revealed that the genes involved in replication, recombination, and repair are of paramount importance. The CAZy annotation results indicated that Glycoside Hydrolases (GH) have the highest abundance. The Pfam annotation analysis showed that the two most prevalent domains are P-loop NTPase and NADP Rossmann. Our investigation provides a reference for species-level and functional-level analyses of the intestinal microbiota of P. monodon, contributing valuable insights into its microbial ecology.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Marine Biology)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Metagenomic Analysis of Seasonal Variations in Viral Dynamics and Diversity in Seawater of Jeju Island, Republic of Korea
by
Jinik Hwang, Eun Gyoung Oh and Youngguk Jin
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(9), 1480; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12091480 - 26 Aug 2024
Abstract
Jeju, the largest island in Korea, is the most economically important in terms of marine aquaculture. We investigated the marine viral composition adjacent to Jeju Island over four seasons in 2022 and sequenced DNA libraries extracted from samples in March, June, September, and
[...] Read more.
Jeju, the largest island in Korea, is the most economically important in terms of marine aquaculture. We investigated the marine viral composition adjacent to Jeju Island over four seasons in 2022 and sequenced DNA libraries extracted from samples in March, June, September, and December using Illumina HiSeq 2000. We obtained 212,402, 186,542, 235,441, and 224,513 contigs from the four-season samples, respectively. Among the identified metagenomes, bacteriophages were dominant in all the samples. Bacillus phage G was the dominant species in March and June, whereas Pelagibacter phage HTVC 008M was the dominant species in September and December. Additionally, the number of viruses that infected algal hosts was higher in December than in other seasons. Marine viruses appeared in all seasons and infected marine vertebrates such as fish. Functional analysis using MG-RAST revealed that cell wall- and capsule-related metabolism groups were activated in March and June, whereas virulence-, disease-, and defense-related metabolism groups were activated in September and December. Conclusively, this study revealed seasonal changes in marine viral communities in the sea adjacent to Jeju Island. Our data will be useful in identifying emerging marine viral pathogens and for further community studies on marine organisms.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Marine Biology)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Response of a Coral Reef Sand Foundation Densified through the Dynamic Compaction Method
by
Linlin Gu, Weihao Yang, Zhen Wang, Jianping Wang and Guanlin Ye
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(9), 1479; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12091479 - 26 Aug 2024
Abstract
Dynamic compaction is a method of ground reinforcement that uses the huge impact energy of a free-falling hammer to compact the soil. This study presents a DC method for strengthening coral reef foundations in the reclamation area of remote sea islands. Pilot tests
[...] Read more.
Dynamic compaction is a method of ground reinforcement that uses the huge impact energy of a free-falling hammer to compact the soil. This study presents a DC method for strengthening coral reef foundations in the reclamation area of remote sea islands. Pilot tests were performed to obtain the design parameters before official DC operation. The standard penetration test (SPT), shallow plate-load test (PLT), and deformation investigation were conducted in two improvement regions (A1 and A2) with varying tamping energies. During the deformation test, the depth of the tamping crater for the first two points’ tamping and the third full tamping was observed at two distinct sites. The allowable ground bearing capacity at two disparate field sites was at least 360 kPa. The reinforcement depths were 3.5 and 3.2 m in the A1 and A2 zones, respectively. The DC process was numerically analyzed by the two-dimensional particle flow code, PFC2D. It indicated that the reinforcement effect and effective reinforcement depth were consistent with the field data. The coral sand particles at the bottom of the crater were primarily broken down in the initial stage, and the particle-crushing zone gradually developed toward both sides of the crater. The force chain developed similarly at the three tamping energies (800, 1500, and 2000 kJ), and the impact stress wave propagated along the sand particles primarily in the vertical direction.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Marine Geological and Geotechnical Hazards)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Kinematic Stability Analysis of Anchor Cable Structures in Submerged Floating Tunnel under Combined Parametric–Vortex Excitation
by
Jiaming Xiong, Song Sang, Youwei Du, Chaojie Gan, Ao Zhang and Fugang Liu
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(9), 1478; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12091478 - 25 Aug 2024
Abstract
The submerged floating tunnel is a marine transportation infrastructure that links two shorelines. The tunnel tube body’s buoyancy exceeds gravity, with anchoring ensuring equilibrium. Anchoring reliability is crucial. This study presents a three-way coupled kinematic model for the mooring structure, formulated on Hamilton’s
[...] Read more.
The submerged floating tunnel is a marine transportation infrastructure that links two shorelines. The tunnel tube body’s buoyancy exceeds gravity, with anchoring ensuring equilibrium. Anchoring reliability is crucial. This study presents a three-way coupled kinematic model for the mooring structure, formulated on Hamilton’s principle and Kirchhoff’s assumption. It explores the impact of the tube body’s buoyancy-to-weight ratio and the sea current’s angle of incidence on mooring motion response. By solving the motion analysis model, Hill’s equation system is derived to assess the parameter instability of the anchor cable structure. The coefficient of excitation instability intervals for the submerged floating tunnel is determined and validated. The findings indicate the following: (1) Increasing the float-weight ratio reduces displacement response amplitudes in all directions, bringing downstream and transverse currents closer to their initial positions; (2) Changes in current direction angles result in decreased downstream excitation strength and increased transverse displacement response with the same excitation direction; (3) The instability interval visualization effectively predicts anchor cable structure instability under parametric excitation. Structures within the instability region are deemed unstable, while those outside are considered stable.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Coastal Engineering)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Modal Decomposition of Internal Tides in the Luzon Strait through Two-Dimensional Fourier Bandpass Filtering
by
Botao Xie, Qi Zhang, Feilong Lin, Weifang Jin and Zijian Cui
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(9), 1477; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12091477 - 25 Aug 2024
Abstract
Internal tides are pivotal dynamic processes enhancing the mixing of oceanic waters and facilitating energy transfer across various scales within the ocean. In recent years, the proliferation of satellite altimetry observations has enabled global predictions of the elevation and phase of internal tides.
[...] Read more.
Internal tides are pivotal dynamic processes enhancing the mixing of oceanic waters and facilitating energy transfer across various scales within the ocean. In recent years, the proliferation of satellite altimetry observations has enabled global predictions of the elevation and phase of internal tides. This study, leveraging the advanced global internal tide prediction model known as the Multivariate Inversion of Ocean Surface Topography-Internal Tide Model (MIOST-IT), employs a two-dimensional Fourier bandpass filtering approach to decompose the internal tides in the Luzon Strait, thereby addressing the east–west directional blind zones inherent in along-track satellite altimetry-based modal decomposition. To further elucidate the propagation trajectories of individual tidal modes in different directions, we introduce the directional Fourier filter method to characterize the spatial distribution features of each modal internal tide in the vicinity of the Luzon Strait. This work significantly enhances the accuracy and reliability of extracting parameters for distinct modal internal tides, furnishing a scientific basis for subsequent studies on internal tide dynamics and model refinement.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Advances in Marine Remote Sensing Applications)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Inception of Constructional Submarine Conduit by Asymmetry Generated by Turbidity Current
by
Daniel Bayer da Silva, Eduardo Puhl, Rafael Manica, Ana Luiza de Oliveira Borges and Adriano Roessler Viana
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(9), 1476; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12091476 - 24 Aug 2024
Abstract
Submarine conduits are features responsible for transporting clastic debris from continents to the deep ocean. While the architecture of conduits has been extensively studied, the process of their inception remains unclear. This study highlights the possibility that some conduits are initiated by depositional
[...] Read more.
Submarine conduits are features responsible for transporting clastic debris from continents to the deep ocean. While the architecture of conduits has been extensively studied, the process of their inception remains unclear. This study highlights the possibility that some conduits are initiated by depositional processes involving turbidity currents. Here, we present the results of eight experiments where gravity currents were allowed to develop their own pathways. The simulation tank represented natural scales of continental shelves, slopes, and basins. The initial experiments involved sediment-laden flows with low density (1–10% in volume). In first experiment runs (Series I), sediment deposition occurred primarily on the shelf and slope, resulting in an asymmetric transverse profile. This asymmetry facilitated subsequent conservative currents (1034 to 1070 kg/m3 due to salt dissolution) flowing alongside during the second series, resulting in the formation of a constructive submarine conduit. This feature is analogous to gully formations observed in various locations. This study correlates these findings with gully-like features and proposes a model where non-confined density flows can evolve into confined flows through the construction of asymmetric topography. An evolutionary model is proposed to explain the mechanism, which potentially elucidates the formation of many submarine conduits.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Geological Oceanography)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Research on the Power Output of Different Floating Wind Farms Considering the Wake Effect
by
Jiaping Cui, Xianyou Wu, Pin Lyu, Tong Zhao, Quankun Li, Ruixian Ma and Yingming Liu
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(9), 1475; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12091475 - 24 Aug 2024
Abstract
For floating wind turbines, one of the most interesting and challenging issues is that the movement of the rotor is strongly related to its floating platform, which results in corresponding variations in the wake characteristics of the turbine. Because the aerodynamic efficiency of
[...] Read more.
For floating wind turbines, one of the most interesting and challenging issues is that the movement of the rotor is strongly related to its floating platform, which results in corresponding variations in the wake characteristics of the turbine. Because the aerodynamic efficiency of the downstream turbines is affected by the wake characteristics, the power output will consequently vary depending on the different types of floating wind turbines and floating wind farms used. In this study, the rotor movement, wake characteristics, and corresponding wind farm power output are analyzed using a numerical method for three typical floating wind turbines: the semisubmersible type, spar buoy type, and tension leg platform type with a 5 MW configuration. A fixed-bottom monopile wind turbine is adopted as a benchmark. The simulation results show that of the three floating wind turbines, the rotor position and wake center are most dispersed in the case of the spar buoy type, and its wake also has the lowest impact on downstream wind turbines. Additionally, the power output of the corresponding spar buoy type wind farm is also the highest at different wind speeds, followed by the semisubmersible type, tension leg platform type, and then the fixed-bottom type. In particular, at low wind speeds, the wake effects differ significantly among the various types of wind turbines.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Offshore Wind—2nd Edition)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Combustion Control of Ship’s Oil-Fired Boilers Based on Prediction of Flame Images
by
Chang-Min Lee
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(9), 1474; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12091474 - 24 Aug 2024
Abstract
This study proposes and validates a novel combustion control system for oil-fired boilers aimed at reducing air pollutant emissions through flame image prediction. The proposed system is easily applicable to existing ships. Traditional proportional combustion control systems supply fuel and air at fixed
[...] Read more.
This study proposes and validates a novel combustion control system for oil-fired boilers aimed at reducing air pollutant emissions through flame image prediction. The proposed system is easily applicable to existing ships. Traditional proportional combustion control systems supply fuel and air at fixed ratios according to the set steam load, without considering the emission of air pollutants. To address this, a stable and immediate control system is proposed, which adjusts the air supply to modify the combustion state. The combustion control system utilizes oxygen concentration predictions from flame images via SEF+SVM as control inputs and applies internal model control (IMC)-based proportional-integral (PI) control for real-time combustion control. Due to the complexity of modeling the image-based system, IMC filter constant tuning through experimentation is essential for achieving effective control performance. Experimental results showed that optimal control performance was achieved when the filter constant was set to 1.5. In this scenario, the peak overshoot was reduced to 0.19245, and the Integral of Squared Error (ISE) was minimized to 10.1159, ensuring a stable response with minimal oscillation and maintaining a fast response speed. The results demonstrate the potential of the proposed system to improve combustion efficiency and reduce emissions of air pollutants. This study provides a feasible and effective solution for enhancing the environmental performance of marine oil-fired boilers. Given its ease of application to existing ships, it is expected to contribute to sustainable air pollution reduction across the maritime environment.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Ocean Engineering)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
An Adaptive Characteristic Model-Based Event-Triggered Sigmoid Prescribed Performance Control Approach for Tracking the Trajectory of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles
by
Chao Wang, Jing Wang, Yichao Qin and Shaowei Rong
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(9), 1473; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12091473 - 23 Aug 2024
Abstract
This paper introduces an event-triggered sigmoid prescribed performance control method, enhanced by an adaptive characteristic model, for tracking the trajectory of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs). The AUV model is simplified into a function reliant solely on second-order parameter information through the use of
[...] Read more.
This paper introduces an event-triggered sigmoid prescribed performance control method, enhanced by an adaptive characteristic model, for tracking the trajectory of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs). The AUV model is simplified into a function reliant solely on second-order parameter information through the use of characteristic modeling and a compression algorithm, which is then approximated by a neural network. We propose integrating prescribed performance control into event-triggered sliding mode control to accelerate convergence in AUV trajectory tracking. A novel prescribed performance function is employed in this integration, creating an event-triggered, non-singular terminal sliding mode control strategy. The stability of this controller is rigorously proven. This control strategy is not only robust against model uncertainties but also mitigates the jitter commonly associated with sliding mode control and the singularities from preset performance control due to sudden random disturbances. Comparative simulation experiments demonstrate that the proposed control method achieves superior control accuracy and a quicker response.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Ocean Engineering)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
MSFE-UIENet: A Multi-Scale Feature Extraction Network for Marine Underwater Image Enhancement
by
Shengya Zhao, Xinkui Mei, Xiufen Ye and Shuxiang Guo
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(9), 1472; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12091472 - 23 Aug 2024
Abstract
Underwater optical images have outstanding advantages for short-range underwater target detection tasks. However, owing to the limitations of special underwater imaging environments, underwater images often have several problems, such as noise interference, blur texture, low contrast, and color distortion. Marine underwater image enhancement
[...] Read more.
Underwater optical images have outstanding advantages for short-range underwater target detection tasks. However, owing to the limitations of special underwater imaging environments, underwater images often have several problems, such as noise interference, blur texture, low contrast, and color distortion. Marine underwater image enhancement addresses degraded underwater image quality caused by light absorption and scattering. This study introduces MSFE-UIENet, a high-performance network designed to improve image feature extraction, resulting in deep-learning-based underwater image enhancement, addressing the limitations of single convolution and upsampling/downsampling techniques. This network is designed to enhance the image quality in underwater settings by employing an encoder–decoder architecture. In response to the underwhelming enhancement performance caused by the conventional networks’ sole downsampling method, this study introduces a pyramid downsampling module that captures more intricate image features through multi-scale downsampling. Additionally, to augment the feature extraction capabilities of the network, an advanced feature extraction module was proposed to capture detailed information from underwater images. Furthermore, to optimize the network’s gradient flow, forward and backward branches were introduced to accelerate its convergence rate and improve stability. Experimental validation using underwater image datasets indicated that the proposed network effectively enhances underwater image quality, effectively preserving image details and noise suppression across various underwater environments.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in New Concepts of Underwater Robotics)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Population Characteristics and Habitat Management of the Useful Seaweed Silvetia siliquosa
by
Chang Geun Choi, Young Jae Choi, Seong Jae Hong, Jae Ho Lee and Seung Wook Jung
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(9), 1471; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12091471 - 23 Aug 2024
Abstract
We aimed to analyze the natural population characteristics and habitat growth conditions of the valuable seaweed Silvetia siliquosa. Its population characteristics and habitat conditions were assessed monthly from May 2022 to April 2023 and April to August 2022, respectively, on selected habitats.
[...] Read more.
We aimed to analyze the natural population characteristics and habitat growth conditions of the valuable seaweed Silvetia siliquosa. Its population characteristics and habitat conditions were assessed monthly from May 2022 to April 2023 and April to August 2022, respectively, on selected habitats. The average population density, coverage, and frequency of S. siliquosa were 579 ± 94.18 ind./m2, 27.82 ± 6.92%/m2, and 78.37 ± 5.98/m2, respectively. The average thallus length and width were 47.53 ± 4.35 and 46.33 ± 4.17 mm, respectively, while the branch width, thickness, and frequency were 2.35 ± 0.03 mm, 0.59 ± 0.12 mm, and 2.8 ± 0.2 times, with a receptacle length and width of 24.13 ± 2.07 and 2.81 ± 0.19 mm, respectively. Among the 40 previously known natural habitats of S. siliquosa, growth was confirmed only in Sepo, Sebang, and Bangpo. The causes for the declining S. siliquosa populations could be attributed to habitat changes due to construction, coastal road maintenance projects, habitat disturbances, and increased pollutants. Habitat substrate disturbances and changes were the main causes of the decrease in S. siliquosa growth. Studies on environmental factors and habitat degradation, growth related to environmental factors, mass cultivation, and the marine ecosystem restoration of S. siliquosa are needed.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Biota Distribution and Biodiversity)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Air-Lift Pumping System for Hybrid Mining of Rare-Earth Elements-Rich Mud and Polymetallic Nodules around Minamitorishima Island
by
Yoshiyuki Shimizu, Masatoshi Sugihara, Koichiro Fujinaga, Kentaro Nakamura and Yasuhiro Kato
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(9), 1470; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12091470 - 23 Aug 2024
Abstract
REE-rich mud under the seabed at a 5500–5700 m water depth around Minamitorishima island and polymetallic nodules buried in the deep seabed are very promising and attractive to explore and develop. REEs are critical to develop due to the recent paradigm shift to
[...] Read more.
REE-rich mud under the seabed at a 5500–5700 m water depth around Minamitorishima island and polymetallic nodules buried in the deep seabed are very promising and attractive to explore and develop. REEs are critical to develop due to the recent paradigm shift to renewable energies based on green technologies. Numerical analysis using a one-dimensional drift–flux model for gas–liquid–solid three-phase flow and gas–liquid two-phase flow was conducted to examine the characteristics of an air-lift pumping system for mining these mineral resources. Empirical equations of REE-rich mud and the physical properties of polymetallic nodules around Minamitorishima island were utilized in the analysis. As a result, the characteristics, i.e., the performance of the system, were clarified in three cases: REE-rich mud, polymetallic nodules, and both. The time transient, i.e., the unsteady characteristics of the system, was also shown, such as the start-up and feeding slurry with REE-rich mud and polymetallic nodules. The findings from the unsteady characteristics will be useful in considering the operation of a real project or a commercial system in the future.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Deep-Sea Mining Technologies: Recent Developments and Challenges)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Extraction of Underwater Acoustic Signals across Sea–Air Media Using Butterworth Filtering
by
Tengyuan Cui, Xiaolong Cao, Yiguang Yang, Qi Tan, Yuchen Du, Tongchang Zhang, Jiaqi Yuan, Zhenyuan Zhu and Jianquan Yao
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(9), 1469; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12091469 - 23 Aug 2024
Abstract
Direct wireless communication through sea–air media is essential for constructing an integrated communication network that spans space, air, land, and sea. The amplitude of acoustically induced micromotion surface waves is much smaller than the noise interference in complex sea states, making the accurate
[...] Read more.
Direct wireless communication through sea–air media is essential for constructing an integrated communication network that spans space, air, land, and sea. The amplitude of acoustically induced micromotion surface waves is much smaller than the noise interference in complex sea states, making the accurate extraction of these signals from the raw signals detected by an FMCW millimeter-wave radar a major challenge. In this paper, Butterworth filtering is used to extract underwater acoustic signals from the surface waves detected by radar. The physical processes of the channel were simulated theoretically and verified experimentally. The results demonstrate a fitting coefficient of 0.99 between the radar-detected water surface waves and the simulation outcomes, enabling the effective elimination of noise interference and the extraction of acoustically induced micromotion signals in environments with a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of −20 dB to −10 dB. Experiments modifying frequency and linear frequency modulation have verified that the usable frequency range for underwater acoustic signals is at least 400 Hz, meeting the frequency requirements of Binary Frequency Shift Keying (2FSK) modulation encoding methods. This research confirms the accuracy of the simulation results and the feasibility of filtering and extracting underwater acoustic signals, providing a theoretical basis and an experimental foundation for building cross-media communication links.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Underwater Wireless Communications: Recent Advances and Challenges)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessReview
Review of Implosion Design Considerations for Underwater Composite Pressure Vessels
by
Helio Matos, Akongnwi Nfor Ngwa, Birendra Chaudhary and Arun Shukla
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(9), 1468; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12091468 - 23 Aug 2024
Abstract
The implosion of underwater composite structures is a critical and complex engineering problem, necessitating high-strength, lightweight, and corrosion-resistant materials for deep-sea applications. This manuscript reviews the intricate failure mechanisms of composite structures, focusing on cylindrical structures under extreme underwater conditions. The recent Titan
[...] Read more.
The implosion of underwater composite structures is a critical and complex engineering problem, necessitating high-strength, lightweight, and corrosion-resistant materials for deep-sea applications. This manuscript reviews the intricate failure mechanisms of composite structures, focusing on cylindrical structures under extreme underwater conditions. The recent Titan submersible implosion serves as a case study, highlighting the significance of rigorous design considerations. Key topics include material degradation, buckling instability, and material failure, with a detailed analysis of composite layup optimization and manufacturing processes such as filament winding and roll wrapping. The manuscript underscores the need for comprehensive testing, advanced simulation techniques, and monitoring system integration to ensure the safety and effectiveness of composite pressure hulls. Future research should focus on developing more accurate failure models, optimizing manufacturing processes, and enhancing material properties through innovations in composite science to realize the full potential of composite materials in deep-sea applications.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structural Analysis and Failure Prevention in Offshore Engineering)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Enhancement of Underwater Images through Parallel Fusion of Transformer and CNN
by
Xiangyong Liu, Zhixin Chen, Zhiqiang Xu, Ziwei Zheng, Fengshuang Ma and Yunjie Wang
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(9), 1467; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12091467 - 23 Aug 2024
Abstract
Ocean exploration is crucial for utilizing its extensive resources. Images captured by underwater robots suffer from issues such as color distortion and reduced contrast. To address the issue, an innovative enhancement algorithm is proposed, which integrates Transformer and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) in
[...] Read more.
Ocean exploration is crucial for utilizing its extensive resources. Images captured by underwater robots suffer from issues such as color distortion and reduced contrast. To address the issue, an innovative enhancement algorithm is proposed, which integrates Transformer and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) in a parallel fusion manner. Firstly, a novel transformer model is introduced to capture local features, employing peak-signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) attention and linear operations. Subsequently, to extract global features, both temporal and frequency domain features are incorporated to construct the convolutional neural network. Finally, the image’s high and low frequency information are utilized to fuse different features. To demonstrate the algorithm’s effectiveness, underwater images with various levels of color distortion are selected for both qualitative and quantitative analyses. The experimental results demonstrate that our approach outperforms other mainstream methods, achieving superior PSNR and structural similarity index measure (SSIM) metrics and yielding a detection performance improvement of over ten percent.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Ocean Engineering)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
From Data to Insight: Machine Learning Approaches for Fish Age Prediction in European Hake
by
Dimitris Klaoudatos, Maria Vlachou and Alexandros Theocharis
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(9), 1466; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12091466 - 23 Aug 2024
Abstract
The European hake (Merluccius merluccius) is a highly sought after, overfished commercial species with a high ecological value. Otolith morphometric characteristics were employed from 150 individuals captured from the Central Aegean Sea (Eastern Mediterranean) using a commercial trawler. Age reading was
[...] Read more.
The European hake (Merluccius merluccius) is a highly sought after, overfished commercial species with a high ecological value. Otolith morphometric characteristics were employed from 150 individuals captured from the Central Aegean Sea (Eastern Mediterranean) using a commercial trawler. Age reading was independently performed by three readers. A multivariate methodology identified the morphometric factors that significantly affect age estimation, and easy to use equations using limited morphological otolith characteristics with a high degree of accuracy were produced as a practical tool for fisheries management. A second tool using ML algorithms produced a highly accurate ML model with the ability to further predict European hake’s age using limited otolith morphometric characteristics. Both tools are important for assessing fish population dynamics, managing sustainable fishing practices, and ensuring the long-term health of marine ecosystems. Practically, the models could be implemented by collecting fish otolith samples, measuring limited morphometric features using imaging techniques, and inputting these measurements into the machine learning model. Both model outputs will allow researchers and fisheries managers to obtain rapid and reliable age estimates without the need for labor-intensive traditional methods. By integrating these models into routine fisheries assessment workflows, stakeholders could make more informed decisions about fish stock assessments and conservation strategies.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Marine Biology)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Beach Nourishment Protection against Storms for Contrasting Backshore Typologies
by
Filipa S. B. F. Oliveira, André B. Fortunato and Paula Freire
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(9), 1465; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12091465 - 23 Aug 2024
Abstract
The protection against a storm event provided by nourishment to Costa da Caparica beaches near Lisbon, Portugal, is investigated numerically with a two-dimensional-horizontal morphodynamic model able to generate and propagate the longer infragravity waves. The beach has a groyne field and a multi-typology
[...] Read more.
The protection against a storm event provided by nourishment to Costa da Caparica beaches near Lisbon, Portugal, is investigated numerically with a two-dimensional-horizontal morphodynamic model able to generate and propagate the longer infragravity waves. The beach has a groyne field and a multi-typology backshore. The nourishment of 106 m3 of sand was placed at the beach face and backshore. Pre- and post-nourishment topo-bathymetric surveys of the beach, which suffers from chronic erosion, were performed under a monitoring program. The morphodynamics of the pre- and post-nourished beach when exposed to a simulated historically damaging storm event and the post-storm morphologies were compared to evaluate the efficacy of the nourishment. Results indicate that the lower surface level of the beach face and backshore of the pre-nourished beach induces a larger erosion volume. The nourishment prevented the extreme retreat of the shoreline that occurred during the storm in the pre-nourished beach and reduced the storm-induced erosion volume by 20%, thus protecting the beach effectively against the storm. The beach backshore typology (seawall vs. dune) exerts differential influences on the sandy bottom. As a result, multi-typology backshores induce alongshore variability in cross-shore dynamics. The backshore seawalls exposed to direct wave action cause higher erosion volumes and a larger cross-shore extension of the active zone. The most vulnerable alongshore sectors of the beach were identified and related to the mechanisms responsible for the erosion phenomenon. These findings strengthen the importance of sand nourishment for the protection and sustainability of beaches, particularly those with a seawall at the backshore, where storm events cause higher erosion.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Coastal Engineering)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
AI-Driven Model Prediction of Motions and Mooring Loads of a Spar Floating Wind Turbine in Waves and Wind
by
Antonio Medina-Manuel, Rafael Molina Sánchez and Antonio Souto-Iglesias
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(9), 1464; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12091464 - 23 Aug 2024
Abstract
This paper describes a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network model used to simulate the dynamics of the OC3 reference design of a Floating Offshore Wind Turbine (FOWT) spar unit. It crafts an advanced neural network with an encoder–decoder architecture capable of predicting
[...] Read more.
This paper describes a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network model used to simulate the dynamics of the OC3 reference design of a Floating Offshore Wind Turbine (FOWT) spar unit. It crafts an advanced neural network with an encoder–decoder architecture capable of predicting the spar’s motion and fairlead tensions time series. These predictions are based on wind and wave excitations across various operational and extreme conditions. The LSTM network, trained on an extensive dataset from over 300 fully coupled simulation scenarios using OpenFAST, ensures a robust framework that captures the complex dynamics of a floating platform under diverse environmental scenarios. This framework’s effectiveness is further verified by thoroughly evaluating the model’s performance, leveraging comparative statistics and accuracy assessments to highlight its reliability. This methodology contributes to substantial reductions in computational time. While this research provides insights that facilitate the design process of offshore wind turbines, its primary aim is to introduce a new predictive approach, marking a step forward in the quest for more efficient and dependable renewable energy solutions.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Numerical Modeling of Fluid-Structure Interactions in Ocean Engineering)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Journal Menu
► ▼ Journal Menu-
- JMSE Home
- Aims & Scope
- Editorial Board
- Reviewer Board
- Topical Advisory Panel
- Instructions for Authors
- Special Issues
- Topics
- Sections
- Article Processing Charge
- Indexing & Archiving
- Editor’s Choice Articles
- Most Cited & Viewed
- Journal Statistics
- Journal History
- Journal Awards
- Society Collaborations
- Conferences
- Editorial Office
Journal Browser
► ▼ Journal BrowserHighly Accessed Articles
Latest Books
E-Mail Alert
News
Topics
Topic in
Diversity, Ecologies, JMSE, Sustainability, Water
Marine Ecology, Environmental Stress and Management
Topic Editors: Michael Karydis, Maurizio AzzaroDeadline: 30 August 2024
Topic in
Applied Sciences, Climate, Ecologies, JMSE, Water, Sustainability
Climate Change and Aquatic Ecosystems: Impacts, Mitigation and Adaptation
Topic Editors: Helena Veríssimo, Tiago VerdelhosDeadline: 20 September 2024
Topic in
Aerospace, Applied Sciences, Batteries, Energies, JMSE, Machines, Mathematics, Sensors
Uncertainty Quantification in Design, Manufacturing and Maintenance of Complex Systems
Topic Editors: Chen Jiang, Zhenzhong Chen, Xiaoke Li, Xiwen Cai, Zan YangDeadline: 30 September 2024
Topic in
JMSE, Oceans, Remote Sensing, Sustainability, Water
Conservation and Management of Marine Ecosystems
Topic Editors: Monia Renzi, Cristiana Guerranti, Manuela PiccardoDeadline: 31 October 2024
Conferences
Special Issues
Special Issue in
JMSE
Remote Sensing and GIS Applications for Coastal Morphodynamic Systems
Guest Editor: Yann BalouinDeadline: 30 August 2024
Special Issue in
JMSE
Research Progress on Deep-Sea Organisms in Extreme Environments
Guest Editor: Lisheng HeDeadline: 30 August 2024
Special Issue in
JMSE
Smart Seaport and Maritime Transport Management
Guest Editors: Lingxiao Wu, Shuaian WangDeadline: 30 August 2024
Special Issue in
JMSE
Advances in Offshore Wind and Wave Energies—2nd Edition
Guest Editors: Pedro Beirão, Mário J. G. C. MendesDeadline: 30 August 2024