Inkunga iterwa inkiko z’ibihugu

 

Abayobozi bo mu nzego za Reta n’iz’ubucamanza bo mu Rwanda, izo mu bihugu biri mu cyahoze ari Yugosilaviya, cyangwa mu bindi bihugu, bashobora gusaba inkunga Ibiro bya Porokireri wa MICT (OTP) cyangwa Ibiro bya Gerefiye. Muri rusange, Ibyifuzo nk’ibyo birebana n’imanza zaburanishijwe na TPIR, TPIY cyangwa MICT, cyangwa bikaba byerekeye iperereza cyangwa imanza ziburanishwa mu gihugu iki n’iki.

 

Ibyifuzo bisaba inkunga byoherezwa mu Biro bya Porokireri

Abayobozi bo mu nzego z’ubucamanza n'iza Reta barimo gukora iperereza no gukurikirana ibyaha by’intambara, ibyaha byibasiye inyokomuntu, cyangwa jenoside bashobora kugana Ibiro bya Porokireri wa MICT basaba inkunga yerekeranye n’amakuru yaba yarakusanyijwe na Porokireri wa TPIY, uwa ICTR cyangwa uwa MICT. Ibyo byifuzo bishobora kugezwa ku Biro bya Porokireri i Lahe cyangwa Arusha.

Amabwiriza ya Porokireri N^o 2 (2013) ku byifuzo by’abategetsi bo mu bihugu cyangwa by’imiryango mpuzamahanga bisaba inkunga Porokireri

Ibyifuzo bitanzwe hashingiwe ku Ngingo ya 86(H) n’iya 87 z’Amategeko Agenga Imiburanishirize n’Itangwa ry’Ibimenyetso

Usaba inkunga hashingiwe ku Ngingo ya 86(H) n’iya 87 z’Amategeko Agenga Imiburanishirize n’Itangwa ry’Ibimenyetso yandikira Perezida kandi amabaruwa agatangwa hakurikijwe Amabwiriza ngengamikorere ku itangwa ry’inyandiko mu Rwego Rwashyiriweho Inkiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga.

Ibyifuzo byohererejwe Perezida hashingiwe ku Ngingo ya 86 n’iya 87 z’Amategeko Agenga Imiburanishirize n’Itangwa ry’Ibimenyetso bigomba guherekezwa n’ifishi yabugenewe, yujujwe hakurikijwe amabwiriza yatanzwe.

Ibyifuzo bisaba inkunga byoherezwa mu Biro bya Gerefiye

Ibindi byifuzo byose bishobora koherezwa mu buryo butaziguye mu Biro bya Gerefiye Arusha cyangwa i Lahe.

Muri rusange, abasaba inkunga baba bifuza guhabwa:

Amakopi y’inyandiko zitari ibanga zirebana n’imanza zo muri TPIY, TPIR cyangwa MICT yemejwe ko ahuye n’umwimerere

(Ahanini izi nyandiko ziba zirimo inyandikomvugo z’iburanisha, amajwi n’amashusho byafashwe [mu iburanisha], ibimenyetso gihamya, ibyifuzo, amategeko, inyandiko z’imanza, n’ibindi).

Ibyifuzo byoherezwa mu Biro bya Gerefiye bigomba kandi kuba bikubiyemo amakuru akurikira:

1. Izina ry’uwatanze icyifuzo n’urwego rubifitiye ububasha rukora iperereza cyangwa ruburanisha;
2. Ububasha bwa MICT bwo kubahiriza icyo cyifuzo;
3. Ibisobanuro birambuye birebana n’icyo cyifuzo (amakuru nk’ayo agomba kubamo izina na nomero by’urubanza, itariki umutangabuhamya yatangiyeho ubuhamya, izina ry’umutangabuhamya cyangwa irihimbano yahawe mu rubanza, nomero y’ikimenyetso gihamya, umuburanyi wagitanze, itariki cyakiriweho, igisobanuro cy’icyo kimenyetso gihamya);
4. Impamvu nyayo iyo nkunga isabwa;
5. Gusobanura igihe ntarengwa inkunga ikwiriye kuba yatangiwe;
6. Andi makuru yose yakenerwa kugira ngo icyifuzo kibashe gusuzumwa; na
7. Kugaragaza ko iyo baruwa itanzwe nk’icyifuzo.

Uretse gusa iyo bitegetswe ukundi n’Umucamanza umwe rukumbi cyangwa n’Urugereko rwa MICT, icyifuzo kidakurikije ibisabwa byavuzwe haruguru gishobora gusubizwa uwagitanze kugira ngo atange amakuru y’inyongera MICT ibona ko akenewe.

Uretse gusa iyo bitegetswe ukundi n’Umucamanza umwe rukumbi cyangwa n’Urugereko rwa MICT, Ibiro bya Gerefiye ni byo bigena uburyo usaba inkunga agaragaza ko icyifuzo cye ari nyakuri cyangwa imvaho.

Uretse gusa iyo byumvikanyweho n’Ibiro bya Gerefiye cyangwa byemejwe n’Umucamanza umwe rukumbi cyangwa Urugereko rwa MICT bakabitegeka ukundi, amafaranga azakenerwa kugira ngo icyo cyifuzo gishyirwe mu bikorwa azatangwa na MICT; iyo amafaranga agomba kugenda kuri icyo cyifuzo ari menshi cyane cyangwa adasanzwe, uwatanze icyifuzo gisaba inkunga ni we uyatanga.

Uretse gusa iyo byumvikanyweho n’Ibiro bya Gerefiye cyangwa byemejwe n’Umucamanza umwe rukumbi cyangwa Urugereko bya MICT bakabitegeka ukundi, Ibiro bya Gerefiye nibyo bigena igihe ntarengwa cyo gusubirizamo icyifuzo. Usaba inkunga ashobora gusaba ko icyifuzo cye cyitabwaho mu buryo bwihuse; ariko icyo gihe agomba kugaragaza impamvu icyo cyifuzo cyihutirwa.

Guhindura ingamba zo kurinda umutekano

Nk’uko biteganywa n’Ingingo ya 86 (H), Umucamanza cyangwa Inteko y’abacamanza yo mu rundi rukiko rwaregewe, ababuranyi mu rundi rukiko babyemerewe n’urwego rw’ubucamanza rubifitiye ububasha, cyangwa uwakorewe icyaha cyangwa umutangabuhamya urindiwe umutekano hakurikijwe ingamba zashyizweho na TPIY, TPIR cyangwa MICT, bashobora kugeza icyifuzo cyabo kuri Perezida wa MICT gisaba ko izo ngamba zivanwaho, zihindurwa cyangwa zongerwa.

Mu bisabwa hashobora kuba harimo ibyifuzo byo kubona inyandiko z’ibanga zerekeye imanza, nk’urugero, ibimenyetso gihamya cyangwa inyandiko zashyizwe muri dosiye, cyangwa ibyifuzo byo kubona ubuhamya bw’abatangabuhamya cyangwa amakuru y’ibanga ari ku ifishi y’umwirondoro w’umutangabuhamya.

Ibyifuzo bitanzwe hashingiwe ku Ngingo ya 86 (H) y’Amategeko Agenga Imiburanishirize n’Itangwa ry’Ibimenyetso bitangwa hakurikijwe Amabwiriza ngengamikorere ku bikurikizwa mu guhindura ingamba zo kurinda umutekano hashingiwe ku Ngingo ya 86 (H) y’Amategeko Agenga Imiburanishirize n’Itangwa ry’Ibimenyetso ya MICT kugira ngo ababikeneye babashe kubona inyandiko z’ibanga za TPIY, TPIR na MICT.

Ibyifuzo bigomba kuba bikubiyemo amakuru akurikira:

1. Kwandika ku rupapuro rubanziriza izindi ko icyo cyifuzo gitanzwe hashingiwe ku Ngingo ya 86(H);
2. Amazina y’utanze icyifuzo n’urwegorukora iperereza rubifitiye ububasha, mu gihe ari ngombwa;
3. Izina ry’urubanza rwa TPIY, TPIR cyangwa MICT rurebwa n’inyandiko isabwa na nomero y’urubanza igihe cyose bishoboka;
4. Ibisobanuro byihariye ku nyandiko zisabwa, urugero: itariki ubuhamya bwatangiweho, izina ry’umutangabuhamya cyangwa irihimbano yahawe mu rubanza, na nomero y’ikimenyetso gihamya;
5. Icyo ibisabwa bihuriyeho n’iperereza cyangwa n’urubanza ku bijyanye n’ubisaba, mu gihe ari ko bimeze;
6. Impamvu nyayo ashakira ibyo yifuza;
7. Gusobanura niba hari igihe ntarengwa cyo kuboneraho ibyo yifuza cyangwa niba hari impamvu yihutirwa;
8. Gusobanura neza niba icyifuzo cye ari ibanga cyangwa atari ryo; na
9. Andi makuru ayo ari yo yose ya ngombwa yafasha kugira ngo icyifuzo gisuzumwe, harimo icyemezo cy’uruhushya rutanzwe n’urwego rw’ubucamanza rwemewe, niba ari ngombwa.

Ibyifuzo bishobora gutangwa hakoreshejwe urwandiko rwabugenewe ku birebana n’Icyifuzo gisaba guhindura ingamba zo kurinda umutekano hashingiwe ku Ngingo ya 86(H).

Gufata ubuhamya bwanditse cyangwa ubutangiwe mu rukiko bw’umufungwa kugira ngo bukoreshwe mu iperereza cyangwa mu manza z’inshinjabyaha, iz’imbonezamubano, cyangwa iz’ubutegetsi zitaracibwa mu gihugu runaka

• Imanza z’inshinjabyaha zerekeranye n’ibikorwa binyuranyije n’amategeko mpuzamahanga arengera abantu mu gihe cy’intambara.

Nk’uko biteganywan’Ingingo ya 87, umucamanza cyangwa Inteko y’abacamanza yo mu rundi rukiko rwaregewe cyangwa ababuranyi mu rundi rukiko babyemerewe n’rwego rw’ubucamanza rubifitiye ububasha («urwego rwatanze icyifuzo»), bashobora kwiyambaza MICT ngo babone ubuhamya bw’umuntu uri mu maboko yayo, kugira ngo bushobore kwifashishwa mu rwego rw’ikurikiranacyaha ku bikorwa byakorewe mu ifasi y’uwatanze icyifuzo, binyuranyije bikomeye n’amategeko mpuzamahanga arengera abantu mu gihe cy’intambara byakorewe ku butaka bw’icyahoze ari Yugosilaviya kuva mu wa 1991 cyangwa ku butaka bw’u Rwanda mu wa 1994 cyangwa ibyakozwe n’Abanyarwanda ku butaka bw’ibihugu bituranye n’u Rwanda mu wa 1994. Hashingiwe kuri iyi ngingo, MICT ishobora gutera urwego rwatanze icyifuzo inkunga yo gufasha mu gikorwa cyo gufata ubuhamya hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga ry’amajwi n’amashusho rituma abantu bavugana barebana kandi batari hamwe. Iyo amategeko yo mu gihugu uwatanze icyifuzo abamo atemera ubwo buryo bwo gufata ubuhamya, umucamanza umwe rukumbi ashobora gutera inkunga yemerera uwatanze icyifuzo kubonanira n’umuntu ugomba gutanga ubuhamya mu mazu ya MICT cyangwa yemera ko yimurwa hashingiwe ku Ngingo ya 88.

Ibyifuzo bitanzwe hakurikijwe Ingingo ya 87 bigezwa kuri Perezida wa MICT kandi bikaba bikubiyemo amakuru akurikira:

1. Kwandika ku rupapuro rubanziriza izindi ko icyifuzo gitanzwe hashingiwe ku Ngingo ya 87;
2. Amazina y’uwatanze icyifuzo n’urwego rukora iperereza rubifitiye ububasha cyangwa uruburanisha;
3. Amazina y’umuntu ufunzwe bakeneyeho inkunga;
4. Icyo ubuhamya bukenewe buhuriyeho n’iperereza cyangwa n’urubanza ku bijyanye n’uwatanze icyifuzo;
5. Impamvu nyayo ubuhamya bukenewe;
6. Itegeko ry’igihugu icyifuzo cyo gusaba ubuhamya gishingiyeho;
7. Itariki cyangwa igihe iyo nkunga ikwiriye kuba yabonetse;
8. Andi makuru ayo ariyo yose ya ngombwa yafasha kugira ngo icyifuzo gisuzumwe.

• Imanza z’inshinjabyaha muri rusange

Mu zindi manza zose, iyo hakenewe ubuhamya bw’umufungwa bwanditse cyangwa ubwo atangiye mu rukiko, uwatanze icyifuzo ashobora gusaba imfashanyo mu by’amategeko bitewe n’aho uwo mufungwa uri mu maboko ya MICT aherereye:

- I Lahe, icyifuzo gishingiye ku bufatanye bw’ibihugu bibiri kigomba kugezwa ku gihugu cy’u Buholandi. Ibyo byifuzo bisaba imfashanyo mu by’amategeko bishobora gutangwa hashingiwe ku masezerano y’ubufatanye mu by’amategeko hagati y’ibihugu byombi, cyangwa, mu gihe amasezerano nk’ayo atariho, bigatangwa hashingiwe ku butumwa umucamanza yoherereje inkiko z’i Lahe bireba asaba ko zimukorera umurimo runaka. Ibyifuzo nk’ibyo byose bigomba koherezwa ku biro by’Ibiro bikuru by’u Buholandi bishinzwe ubufasha mu by’amategeko ku rwego mpuzamahanga (Netherlands Central Authority for International legal Assistance).

Umuntu uri mu maboko ya MICT amenyeshwa ko hari icyifuzo kimureba cyagejejwe ku gihugu afungiwemo kandi kigomba gushyirwa mu bikorwa mu rwego rw’ubufatanye mu by’amategeko, ibyo bigakorwa hakurikijwe amategeko yo mu Buholandi.

- Arusha, ibyifuzo bisaba ubufasha bigezwa kuri Gerefiye wa MICT, kandi bigomba kuba bigaragaza amakuru asabwa nk’uko biteganywa n’Ingingo ya 87, kuva ku gaka ka (ii) kugeza ku ka (viii), nk’uko byamaze kuvugwa.

Uretse iyo byumvikanyweho ukundi cyangwa Perezida akagira ukundi abigena, amafaranga akoreshwa n’Ishami rya MICT rya Arusha cyangwa iry’i Lahe, arebana no korohereza iyubahirizwa ry’icyifuzo cyatanzwe n’igihugu gicumbikiye iryo shami cyangwa cyatanzwe n’ikindi gihugu, yishyurwa na MICT, ariko iyo amafaranga agenda kuri icyo cyifuzo abaye menshi cyane cyangwa arenze urugero, uruhande rwagitanze ni rwo ruyishyura.

• Imanza z’ubutegetsi n’iz’imbonezamubano

Icyifuzo cyo gufata ubuhamya bwanditse bw’umuntu ufunze, mu rwego rw’urubanza rw’ubutegetsi cyangwa rw’imbonezamubano rukorwamo iperereza cyangwa rutaracibwa mu rundi rukiko, gishobora kwitabwaho mu buryo bwinshi bukurikira hakurikijwe amategeko n’amabwiriza akurikizwa mu gihugu afungiwemo.

(i) Ubuhamya bushobora gufatwa, nta gahato gakoreshejwe, n’umudipolomate cyangwa intumwa y’ambasade y’igihugu ufunzwe akomokamo batumwe mu gihugu ufunzwe arimo, cyangwa intumwa y’ambasade y’igihugu gikurikirana inyungu ze; ubwo buhamya bupfa gusa kuba bufitanye isano n’iperereza rikorwa muri icyo gihugu cyangwa n’urubanza ruhaburanishwa. Uwo mudipolomate cyangwa intumwa y’ambasade barahiza utanga ubuhamya kandi bakaguma aho hantu kugira ngo uwo muhango ukorwe mu buryo bwubahiriza amategeko. Ibibazo byanditse bibazwa n’umudipolomate cyangwa n’intumwa y’ambasade cyangwa n’umuntu uhagarariye uruhande rushaka ubwo buhamya. Ibyifuzo bishobora kugezwa kuri Gerefiye wa MICT n’umudipolomate cyangwa n’intumwa y’ambasade. Muri Tanzaniya, umucamanza w’igihugu cyatanze icyifuzo ashobora gusura umuntu uri mu maboko ya MICT kugira ngo afate ubuhamya bwe.

(ii) Ubuhamya bushobora gufatwa, nta gahato gakoreshejwe, na noteri wemewe mu Buholandi cyangwa muri Tanzaniya ubaza ibibazo byanditse mu izina ry’uruhande rusaba ubuhamya. Gufata ubwo buhamya bishobora gukorwa abategetsi b’igihugu ufunze arimo badasabwe uruhushya cyangwa batabimenyeshejwe. Uruhande rukeneye ubuhamya rugomba gukora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo mu gihe cy’ibaza habe umwanditsi w’urukiko n’umusemuzi, iyo ari ngombwa. Noteri ashobora kugeza ibyifuzo kuri Gerefiye wa MICT.

(iii) Ku bantu bari mu maboko ya MICT i Lahe, ubuhamya bushobora gufatwa n’Umucamanza w’Urukiko rw’Akarere rwa Lahe ubaza ibibazo byanditse mu izina ry’uruhande rukeneye ubuhamya. Uruhande rukeneye ubuhamya muri ubu buryo rushobora kugeza icyifuzo ku Rukiko rw’Akarere rwa Lahe hashingiwe ku masezerano akurikizwa y’ubufatanye mu by’amategeko hagati y’igihugu uruhande rushaka ubuhamya rurimo n’igihugu ubufite afungiwemo, cyangwa ayo masezerano yaba adahari, urukiko rukeneye ubuhamya rukoherereza Urukiko rw’Akarere rwa Lahe ubutumwa bubasaba kubakorera umurimo runaka. Ibyifuzo byose nk’ibi bigomba kugezwa ku biro by’Ibiro bikuru by’u Buholandi bishinzwe ubufasha mu by’amategeko ku rwego mpuzamahanga (Netherlands Central Authority for International legal Assistance).

Gufata ubuhamya bwanditse cyangwa ubutangiwe mu rukiko bw’uregwa warekuwe by’agateganyo

Icyifuzo gisaba inkunga mu rubanza rw’ubutegetsi, urw’imbonezamubano cyangwa urw’inshinjabyaha rukorwaho iperereza cyangwa ruburanishwa n’urundi rukiko kandi rufite aho ruhuriye n’umuntu warekuwe by’agateganyo ku itegeko Urugereko rwa MICT rwatanze hashingiwe ku Ngingo ya 68 y’Amategeko Agenga Imiburanishirize n”itangwa ry’ibimenyetso, kigomba kugezwa ku rwego rw’ubutegetsi bw’icyo gihugu rubifitiye ububasha, hakurikijwe amategeko n’amabwiriza y’icyo gihugu. Mu rwego rwo gusuzuma niba bemera ibisabwa muri icyo cyifuzo, abategetsi b’igihugu bagomba kuzirikana ibisabwa mu itegeko ryo kurekura uwo muntu by’agateganyo no gushyikirana na MICT iyo icyifuzo cyatanzwe gishobora kubangamira itegeko ryo kumurekura by’agateganyo.

Gufata ubuhamya bwanditse cyangwa ubutangiwe mu rukiko bw’umuntu wahamijwe icyaha urangiriza igihano mu gihugu yoherejwemo

Uburyo abantu bahamijwe icyaha na TPIY, TPIR cyangwa MICT bafunzwemo n’uburyo barangirizamo igihano, bugenwa n’amategeko y’igihugu barangirizamo igihano («igihugu kirangirizwamo igihano»). Bityo rero, icyifuzo gisaba inkunga kirebana n’umuntu wahamwe n’icyaha urangiriza igihano mu gihugu runaka, kigezwa kuri icyo gihugu afungiwemo. Icyo gihugu gifata icyemezo cyo kwakira icyo cyifuzo gisaba inkunga hashingiwe ku mategeko yacyo n’ibiteganywa mu masezerano yo kurangiza ibihano yakozwe hagati y’icyo gihugu n’Umuryango w’Abibumbye cyangwa n’urukiko rwigenga rwo muri icyo gihugu.

Kugeza ku bafungwa inyandiko zerekeye imanza z’ubutegetsi cyangwa izindi manza zitaburanishwa na MICT n’amabaruwa ashinganye yabo

Gerefiye ashobora kugeza inyandiko ku muntu ufunzwe na MICT Arusha, ku birebana n’urubanza rw’ubutegetsi cyangwa urundi rubanza rutaburanishwa na MICT.

Kugeza inyandiko ku muntu ufunzwe na MICT i Lahe, mu rwego rw’imanza z’ubutegetsi cyangwa izindi manza zitaburanishwa na MICT, ni igikorwa cyo mu rwego rw’amategeko kigomba kubahiriza amategeko y’u Buholandi. Amategeko y’u Buholandi yemera ko inyandiko zitangwa mu buryo butandukanye:

1. Bikozwe, nta gahato, n’umudipolamate cyangwa umuntu uhagarariye ambasade, mu manza z’ubutegetsi, iz’imbonezamubano n’izinshinjabyaha ziburanishwa n’inkiko zitari mu Buholandi;
2. Binyujijwe mu ibaruwa ishinganye yohererezwa umufungwa yerekeye imanza z’ubutegetsi, iz’imbonezamubano cyangwa iz’inshinjabyaha ziburanishwa n’inkiko zitari mu Buholandi;
3. Binyujijwe mu ibaruwa yoherejwe ku biro by’Ibiro bikuru by’u Buholandi bishinzwe ubufasha mu by’amategeko ku rwego mpuzamahanga (Netherlands Central Authority for International legal Assistance) hashingiwe ku masezerano y’ubufatanye mu by’amategeko hagati y’u Buholandi n’igihugu uwatanze icyifuzo arimo;
4. N’umuhesha w’urukiko mu manza z’ubutegetsi n’iz’imbonezamubano ziburanishwa hanze y’u Buholandi no mu manza z’ubutegetsi, iz’imbonezamubano n’iz’inshinjabyaha ziburanishwa mu Buholandi.

Amabaruwa ashinganye agenewe umuntu ufunzwe yoherezwa mu iposita kuri aderesi ikurikira:

P.I. Haaglanden
United Nations Detention Unit
Pompstationsweg 32 2597 JW, The Hague
The Netherlands

c/o Office of the Registrar
Mechanism for International Criminal Tribunals
Haki Road, Plot No. 486 Block A, Lakilaki Area
Arumeru District
P.O. Box 6016, Arusha, Tanzania

Ibyifuzo bisaba gukuraho ubudahangarwa bw’umukozi cyangwa ubw’uwahoze akorera TPIY, TPIR cyangwa MICT

Iyo umukozi cyangwa umuntu wigeze kuba umukozi wa TPIY, TPIR cyangwa MICT akenewe ngo atange ubuhamya bwanditse cyangwa abutangire mu rukiko nk’umutangabuhamya cyangwa umuntu ukekwaho icyaha mu rubanza rw’ubutegetsi, urw’imbonezamubano cyangwa urw’inshinjacyaha rukorwaho iperereza cyangwa ruburanishwa n’urukiko mu gihugu kiri mu Muryango w’Abibumbye cyangwa mu rundi rukiko, bishobora gukenerwa ko Umunyamabanga Mukuru akuraho ubudahangarwa bwe, hashingiwe ku Masezerano yerekeye uburenganzira bwihariye n’ubudahangarwa by’Umuryango w’Abibumbye yo ku itariki ya 13 Gashyantare 1946 (“Amasezerano Rusange”) kandi aho ari ngombwa, no ku Masezerano MICT igirana n’ibihugu amashami yayo akoreramo, mbere y’uko ubuhamya bwanditse cyangwa ubutangiwe mu rukiko bufatwa.

Uruhande rukeneye ubuhamya nk’ubwo bwanditse cyangwa butangiwe mu rukiko rugeza icyifuzo cyarwo kuri Gerefiye wa MICT, na we akagishyikiriza Umunyamabanga Mukuru iyo hakenewe ko ubudahangarwa bukurwaho.